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Bazzano M, Marchegiani A, La Gualana F, Petriti B, Spaterna A, Laus F. Salivary analysis to unveil the paradigma of stress of domestic horses reared in the wild. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11266. [PMID: 38760454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Horse welfare is the product of multiple factors, including behavioral and physiological adjustments to cope with stressful situation regarding environment and housing condition. Collectively, it is supposed that a horse kept in the wild has a lower level of stress than other housing system, and the aim of the present study was to investigate the level of stress in domestic horses reared in the wild and then moved to human controlled housing, through saliva analysis. Twelve clinically healthy Catria (Italian local breed) mares, usually reared in the wild, were moved into collective paddocks for a folkloric event. Saliva samples were obtained before and after the change of housing condition to evaluate stress biomarkers including salivary cortisol, salivary alpha-amylase, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChol). The mares were also scored using the Welfare Aggregation and Guidance (WAG) Tool to highlight the presence of abnormal behaviors. Despite the absence of differences in behavioral scores between wild and paddocks, salivary cortisol and BChol were found to be higher in the wild and lower when mares were moved to paddocks. The highest concentrations in stress biomarkers like salivary cortisol and BChol in the wild was unexpected, but the need for managing hierarchical relationships, and the exposure to feral animals, predators, and weather changes, might explain these findings. The overall results of the present study may provide further knowledge toward stress response in domesticated horses living in the wild moved to human controlled housing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bazzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
| | - A Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy.
| | - F La Gualana
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - B Petriti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - A Spaterna
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
| | - F Laus
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
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Bazzano M, Mauceri R, Marcon G, Campisi G. Reducing the anxiety of patients undergoing an oral biopsy by means of graphic novels: an open-label randomized clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023; 28:e545-e552. [PMID: 37330956 PMCID: PMC10635625 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of graphic novels is a trending topic in health communication as a new form of visual storytelling which explores narratives of health care, cancer, healing, and disability. The objective of the present study was to evaluate - for the first time in the literature - the effect of graphic novels in reducing the anxiety of patients waiting for an incisional biopsy in an oral oncology setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS This open-label randomized clinical trial comprised 50 patients with a clinical suspicion of oral potentially malignant disorders. Twenty-five patients were randomly allocated to the test group, and a colourful graphic novel was provided. Subsequently, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 were administered to all 50 recruited patients, after which a biopsy was performed on each patient. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was observed between the test and control groups for the variables regarding the demographic data (p>0.2). There was a significant difference after the introduction of the graphic novel, regardless of which questionnaire was used. The graphic novel demonstrated an improvement in the ability of the test group to tolerate anxiety while waiting for an oral biopsy in both psychological tests (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In light of these initial positive results, the authors of this study would like to suggest the use of graphic novels in oral oncology, dentistry, and medicine with the aim of reducing patient anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bazzano
- Oral Medicine and Dentistry Unit for frail patients Department of Rehabilitation and continuity of care University Hospital Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Pastore S, Troisi A, Romani R, Bellezza I, Gargaro M, De Michele A, Orlandi R, Guerrera G, Bazzano M, Polisca A. Isolation of extracellular vesicles from bitch's amnion-derived cells culture and their CD59 expression: Preliminary results. Theriogenology 2023; 198:164-171. [PMID: 36587540 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small spherical particles surrounded by a membrane with an unusual lipid composition and a striking cholesterol/phospholipidic ratio. About 2000 lipid and 3500 protein species were identified in EVs secreted by different cell sources. EVs mediate cell to cell communication in proximity to or distant from the cell of origin. In particular, it was suggested that they represent modulators of multiple processes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of EVs in canine amnion-derived cells (ASCs) culture and the expression of CD 59 on their surface. Amniotic membrane was collected in PBS with antibiotics added from 2 bitches during elective caesarean section. Cells culture was prepared and EVs were isolated. EVs were used to evaluate CD59 expression by flow cytofluorimetry. We found that the majority of EVs expressed CD59. Our results could increase the knowledge about the complex mechanisms that regulate the pregnancy in the bitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pastore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
| | - A Troisi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Macerata, Italy
| | - R Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - I Bellezza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Gargaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - A De Michele
- Department of Physic and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - R Orlandi
- Anicura Tyrus Clinica Veterinaria, Via Bartocci 1G, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - G Guerrera
- Veterinarian Freelance, Campobasso, Italy
| | - M Bazzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Macerata, Italy
| | - A Polisca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
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Bazzano M, Laghi L, Zhu C, Di Giambattista A, Tesei B, Laus F. Metabolomic analysis of seminal plasma in stallions belonging to two different horse breeds. J Equine Vet Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Capozzi LC, Bazzano M, Cavallero MC, Barolo C, Buscaino R, Ferri A, Sangermano M, Vallauri D, Pisano R. Polymeric Supports for Controlled Release of Ethylene for Food Industry. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In modern fruit supply chain a common method to trigger ripening is to keep fruits inside special chambers and initiate the ripening process through administration of ethylene. Ethylene is usually administered through cylinders with inadequate control of its final concentration in the chamber. The aim of this study is the development of intelligent polymeric supports able to accurately regulate ethylene concentration in the atmosphere where fruits are preserved. Two different technologies were proposed: a polymeric (PEGDA) film and a polymeric (PLA) bag filled with inclusion complex of ethylene/α-cyclodextrin. The complex was prepared by molecular encapsulation which allows the entrapment of ethylene into the cavity of α-cyclodextrin. After encapsulation, ethylene can be gradually released from the inclusion complex and its release rate can be regulated by temperature and humidity. Intelligent polymeric film was prepared by dispersing inclusion complex into a thin polymeric film produced by UV-curing. Intelligent polymeric bag was made by inserting inclusion complex into heat sealed bag. The kinetics of ethylene release was studied for both systems, showing that it can effectively possible to control the release of ethylene within confined volume. Furthermore, modelling and simulations of ethylene release in a food container were made, demonstrating that it is possible to modulate release rate and, thus, control ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Capozzi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology , Politecnico di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | - M. Bazzano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology , Politecnico di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | | | - C. Barolo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre , Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | - R. Buscaino
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre , Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | - A. Ferri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology , Politecnico di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | - M. Sangermano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology , Politecnico di Torino, Torino , Italy
| | | | - R. Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology , Politecnico di Torino, Torino , Italy
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Piccione G, Rizzo M, Arfuso F, Giannetto C, Di Pietro S, Bazzano M, Quartuccio M. Leukocyte modifications during the first month after foaling in mares and their newborn foals. Pol J Vet Sci 2016; 18:621-5. [PMID: 26618596 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2015-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During early post-partum period both neonatal foals and peripartum mares are most susceptible to diseases. The aim of this study was to establish physiologic modifications of leukogram during the first month after foaling in mares and their newborn foals. To this end blood samples were collected from nine mares and nine foals (T0-T10), every three days from the 1st day until the 30th day after foaling. Samples were analysed for white blood cell (WBC) count and differential leucocyte counts. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed, in postpartum mares WBC showed significant higher values at T0 (9.02±0.76) in respect to other time points, and at T2 (8.08±0.53) and T3 (7.92±0.59) compared to T1 (6.98±0.43), whereas in foals lower WBC values at T0 (6.11±0.49) compared to other experimental periods except T1 (6.90±0.94), and at T1 compared to T8 (7.95±0.61) and T10 (7.90±0.36) were observed. The differential leucocyte counts showed significant modifications in the percentage of neutrophils (π<0.001) and lymphocytes (p<0.001) both in postpartum mares and in foals during the experimental period. Furthermore ANOVA showed significant differences between postpartum mares and foals (P<0.01) in all studied parameters, and between postpartum mares and control mares in WBC and neutrophils values. The obtained results provide suitable information about the influence of foaling on leukogram of periparturient mares and reveal WBC dynamics in newborn foals during the first month post-partum.
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Bazzano M, Giudice E, Giannetto C, Fazio F, Scollo C, Piccione G. The peripartum period influenced the serum macromineral profile in mares. Arch Anim Breed 2016. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-59-65-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. Changes in metabolic requirements during pregnancy may produce nutritional imbalances predisposing mares to pathological conditions. Therefore, we aimed to examine changes in serum macrominerals during the peripartum period in mares. Fifteen pregnant mares (Group A) were monitored starting at the 263rd day of pregnancy until the 21st day after foaling. Seven non-pregnant and non-lactating mares were used as a control group (Group B). Group A was subjected to blood sampling within 24 ± 12 h after parturition (P) and then 7, 14 and 21 days after foaling (+1, +2, +3 weeks, respectively). Group B was subjected to regular sampling throughout the study to ensure that seasonal changes had no significant effect on studied parameters. Serum samples were analysed for serum electrolytes including sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca+ + ), phosphorus (P+), chloride (Cl−) and magnesium (Mg+ + ). Two-way repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate significant effects of peripartum on electrolyte concentrations. Group A showed a decrease in Cl− concentrations (P = 0.011) after foaling and lower P+ concentrations (P = 0.015) compared to Group B throughout the study. The linear regression model showed an increase in Na+ concentrations (P = 0.002) and a gradual decrease in serum Ca+ + (P = 0.001) during pregnancy. Because the most significant changes in serum electrolytes occurred within 2 weeks before and 2 weeks after foaling, monitoring serum electrolyte concentrations would indicate whether the mare needs further mineral supplementation at this stage. The significant changes in a mare's macromineral profile that we observed over the peripartum provide enhanced knowledge about mineral interrelations and their modifications during specific physiological conditions such as late pregnancy and early postpartum.
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Bazzano M, Rizzo M, Arfuso F, Giannetto C, Fazio F, Piccione G. Increase in erythrocyte osmotic resistance following polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation in show jumper horses. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bazzano M, Giannetto C, Fazio F, Arfuso F, Giudice E, Piccione G. Metabolic profile of broodmares during late pregnancy and early post-partum. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:947-53. [PMID: 25251226 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy represents a specific physiological status characterized by continuous adjustments that affect maternal metabolism of all nutrients. In the last trimester of pregnancy, mare's nutrient requirements greatly increase and most pregnancy-associated diseases are likely to occur. Therefore, we aimed to assess the metabolic profile of broodmares focusing on the last 3 months of pregnancy and the early post-partum. Fifteen pregnant mares (Group A) were monitored from 263 ± 3 days of pregnancy until 21 days after foaling. Seven non-pregnant mares (Group B) were used as the control group. Blood samples were collected weekly by jugular venipuncture throughout the experimental period, and additional blood samples were collected within 24 ± 12 h of foaling. Obtained sera were analyzed for urea (Ur), creatinine (Cre), total protein (TP), total, direct and indirect bilirubin (tB, dB, iB), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (tChol) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). During pregnancy, Ur (p = 0.015) and dB (p = 0.028) were higher in Group A than Group B. Serum Cre, tB, iB and TG (p < 0.001) decreased after foaling; furthermore, Group A exhibited lower tChol (p < 0.001) and higher BHB (p < 0.001) than Group B during the study. There were significant interactions of time × peripartum on Ur (p = 0.007), Cre (p < 0.001), tB (p = 0.018), TG (p < 0.001) and tChol (p < 0.001). These results can be used in the interpretation of biochemical studies in late gestation mares which develop systemic disease. The improved understanding of the metabolic profile during the peripartum might assist in monitoring the health status of the broodmares to promote foetal growth and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bazzano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Bazzano M, Giannetto C, Fazio F, Marafioti S, Giudice E, Piccione G. Hemostatic profile during late pregnancy and early postpartum period in mares. Theriogenology 2013; 81:639-43. [PMID: 24388675 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hemostasis is a physiological process that prevents excessive blood loss and represents a protective mechanism at the time of delivery. Peripartum hemorrhage is a recurring hazardous condition to mare's health; therefore, we aimed to study mares' hemostatic profile to investigate whether physiological adjustments occur during late pregnancy and early postpartum. Fifteen pregnant mares have been monitored from the 34th week of pregnancy until the third week after foaling. Fifteen nonpregnant mares were used as control group. Jugular blood samples were analyzed for platelet count (Plt), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen (Fb). Platelet count showed significant changes at foaling (P < 0.05) and a negative correlation (r = -0.968; P = 0.032) with postpartum. Prothrombin time changed (P < 0.05) showing a significant correlation (r = 0.675; P = 0.016) with late pregnancy. Fibrinogen concentrations changed throughout the experimental period (P < 0.0001). The linear regression model revealed a positive correlation (r = 0.9210; P < 0.0001) between Fb and late pregnancy and a negative correlation (r = -0.9583; P = 0.042) between Fb and early postpartum. The shortening in PT recorded in the imminence of parturition along with the increase in Plt and Fb at foaling might reflect a physiological hypercoagulable state that constrains excessive bleeding, enhancing mares' odds of surviving. Our research improves the knowledge about blood coagulation in periparturient mares providing specific information on routine coagulation tests that may support in monitoring mare's hemostatic profile during late pregnancy and early postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bazzano
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - C Giannetto
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Marafioti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Abstract
The ITMS telecardiology network started in April 1995. Over nine years, about 7000 peripheral medical users (mainly general practitioners), who were experienced in using transtelephonic electrocardiography and who were spread throughout Italy, conducted teleconsultations with the Telecardiology Centre. A total of 106,942 patients were evaluated. Teleconsultation was carried out for non-cardiac symptoms or routine control for 30,444 patients (28%) and for symptoms suggestive of heart disease for 76,498 (72%). After teleconsultation, 61,908 patients (58%) were reported to have no heart disease, 27,947 patients (26%) had their drug dose adjusted and remained at home, 11,503 patients (11%) were sent to their cardiologist for further investigations and 5584 patients (5%) were urgently hospitalized. Among the hospitalized patients, the echocardiogram demonstrated an ST-elevation coronary syndrome in 1785 patients (32%), a non-ST-elevation coronary syndrome in 2236 (40%) and a life-threatening arrhythmia in 1354 (24%). Telecardiology improves the decision making of general practitioners, avoids unnecessary hospitalizations, reduces the time before treatment in cardiac emergencies, rationalizes health-care costs and promotes home care.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Molinari
- Department of Cardiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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Nazer J, Cifuentes L, Bazzano M. [Congenital malformations in twins]. Rev Med Chil 1999; 127:158-64. [PMID: 10436695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher prevalence of congenital malformations among twins than among single has been reported in the literature. AIM To study the incidence of congenital malformations in twins in the maternity hospital of the University of Chile in the period 1983-1997. MATERIAL AND METHODS As part of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations, every newborn in the maternity hospital was examined by a neonatologist and congenital malformations were recorded in a special file. RESULTS In the study period there were 48.663 deliveries of single pregnancies and 448 deliveries of twin pregnancies, giving birth to 886 twins borns alive and 17 stillbirths (1.9% mortality). Of these, there were 423 twins, 17 triplets, a sextuple delivery and two siamese. Seven point one percent of twins born alive and 6.5% of single newborns had a congenital malformation. The prevalence of malformations in twins and single stillbirths was 35.2 and 17.2% respectively (p < 0.04). In four pairs and siamese newborns, malformations typical of monozygotic twins were present, such as an acardiac fetus with Trap sequence, a papyraceous fetus and two with hydroanencephaly. Twelve twins had malformations attributable to uterine compression. CONCLUSIONS This study did not find a higher frequency of malformations comparing twins with single babies born alive, but in stillbirths there was a significant difference between single and twin stillbirths (7.1% versus 35.2%, respectively, p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nazer
- Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Furneri PM, Bazzano M, Campo L, Cesana M, Tempera G. In vitro activity of rufloxacin against Listeria monocytogenes, Legionella pneumophila, and Chlamydia trachomatis. Chemotherapy 1994; 40:104-8. [PMID: 8131632 DOI: 10.1159/000239180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, rufloxacin, was determined against both clinical isolates and standard strains of Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Listeria monocytogenes and compared to that of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and erythromycin. Among the antibacterials tested erythromycin was the most active. Rufloxacin inhibited the growth of L. pneumophila at concentrations in the range of 0.06-0.25 mg/l, that of C. trachomatis at concentrations in the range of 2-4, and that of L. monocytogenes at concentrations in the range of 1-2 mg/l. Rufloxacin demonstrated approximately the same activity as ciprofloxacin against C. trachomatis, but twice as less potency as ofloxacin and erythromycin against L. pneumophila, L. monocytogenes, and C. trachomatis, and twice as less potency as ciprofloxacin against L. pneumophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Furneri
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Catania, Milan, Italy
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