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Giustiniani A, Tarantino V, Bracco M, Bonaventura RE, Oliveri M. Functional Role of Cerebellar Gamma Frequency in Motor Sequences Learning: a tACS Study. Cerebellum 2021; 20:913-921. [PMID: 33822311 PMCID: PMC8674154 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of the cerebellum in motor sequences learning is widely established, the specific function of its gamma oscillatory activity still remains unclear. In the present study, gamma (50 Hz)-or delta (1 Hz)-transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) was applied to the right cerebellar cortex while participants performed an implicit serial reaction time task (SRTT) with their right hand. The task required the execution of motor sequences simultaneously with the presentation of a series of visual stimuli. The same sequence was repeated across multiple task blocks (from blocks 2 to 5 and from blocks 7 to 8), whereas in other blocks, new/pseudorandom sequences were reproduced (blocks 1 and 6). Task performance was examined before and during tACS. To test possible after-effects of cerebellar tACS on the contralateral primary motor cortex (M1), corticospinal excitability was assessed by examining the amplitude of motor potentials (MEP) evoked by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Compared with delta stimulation, gamma-tACS applied during the SRTT impaired participants' performance in blocks where the same motor sequence was repeated but not in blocks where the new pseudorandom sequences were presented. Noteworthy, the later assessed corticospinal excitability was not affected. These results suggest that cerebellar gamma oscillations mediate the implicit acquisition of motor sequences but do not affect task execution itself. Overall, this study provides evidence of a specific role of cerebellar gamma oscillatory activity in implicit motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giustiniani
- NEUROFARBA Department, University of Firenze, 50139, Firenze, Italy.,IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126, Venezia, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - V Tarantino
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - M Bracco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128, Palermo, Italy.,Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QB, UK
| | - R E Bonaventura
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Oliveri
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128, Palermo, Italy.,NeuroTeam Life and Science, Via Libertà 112, 90144, Palermo, Italy
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Bracco M, Mutanen T, Veniero D, Thut G, Robertson E. P153 Dissociable roles of prefrontal and motor networks in procedural and declarative memories interaction: A TMS-EEG study. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abreu Filho C, Steinman M, Andrade A, Piza F, Caluza A, Teixeira J, Bracco M, Abaladejo R, Silva E. Results of the Telemedicine Program for implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Protocol in a community Brazilian hospital. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4068207 DOI: 10.1186/cc13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abreu Filho CA, Andrade A, Neto A, Santos S, Bracco M, Silva E, Baruzzi A, Teixeira J. Comparison of 1-year neurological outcome between intra-hospital and extra-hospital cardiac arrest survivors submitted to mild therapeutic hypothermia in a community-based setting in Brazil. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC3642711 DOI: 10.1186/cc12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ramos L, Florindo A, Gomes G, Mieke G, Pratt M, Parra D, Simões E, Moura L, Bracco M, Hallal P. Prevalence of health promotion programs in primary health care units in Brazil. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gomes G, Mieke G, Ramos L, Pratt M, Parra D, Simões E, Florindo A, Bracco M, Lobelo F, Hallal P. Characteristics of physical activity interventions in primary health care settings in Brazil. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lia VV, Bracco M, Gottlieb AM, Poggio L, Confalonieri VA. Complex mutational patterns and size homoplasy at maize microsatellite loci. Theor Appl Genet 2007; 115:981-91. [PMID: 17712542 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-007-0625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite markers have become one of the most popular tools for germplasm characterization, population genetics and evolutionary studies. To investigate the mutational mechanisms of maize microsatellites, nucleotide sequence information was obtained for ten loci. In addition, Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was conducted to assess the occurrence of size homoplasy. Sequence analysis of 54 alleles revealed a complex pattern of mutation at 8/10 loci, with only 2 loci showing allele variation strictly consistent with stepwise mutations. The overall allelic diversity resulted from changes in the number of repeat units, base substitutions, and indels within repetitive and non-repetitive segments. Thirty-one electromorphs sampled from six maize landraces were considered for SSCP analysis. The number of conformers per electromorph ranged from 1 to 7, with 74.2% of the electromorphs showing more than one conformer. Size homoplasy was apparent within landraces and populations. Variation in the amount of size homoplasy was observed within and between loci, although no differences were detected among populations. The results of the present study provide useful information on the interpretation of genetic data derived from microsatellite markers. Further efforts are still needed to determine the impact of these findings on the estimation of population parameters and on the inference of phylogenetic relationships in maize investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Lia
- Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Jehl-Pietri C, Monteil R, Madinier I, Raybaud-Diogène H, Bracco M. [Buccal dryness, xerostomia and measurement of salivary secretory activity]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1997; 148:209-16. [PMID: 9255328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Xerostomia is a marked reduction in saliva production and may occur as an early symptom of various systemic diseases. It is also secondary to the administration of numerous drugs. Severity of salivary gland dysfunction cannot be predicted from subjective reports of oral dryness by patient, and accurate assessments of salivary gland function should be managed. Several procedures for saliva samplings and secretory activity measurements have been reported. In normal individuals, the mean values of unstimulated whole saliva was slightly higher in males (0.42 ml/min) than in females (0.37 ml/min). Corresponding mean values for stimulated whole saliva are 1.77 ml/min and 1.38 ml/min. Unstimulated whole saliva collection during 15 min is recommended as the most reliable test for clinical diagnosis. It is found that an unstimulated salivary flow of 0.1 ml/min represents the cut-off limit for the diagnosis of xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jehl-Pietri
- Laboratoire de Pathobiologie Orale, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis
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Rosso M, Bracco M. [A proposed standard integrated method of orthodontic photographic documentation]. Minerva Ortognatod 1989; 7:103-7. [PMID: 2638889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A standard photographic method for orthodontic practice is suggested and integrations with respect to other pathological and paraphysiological conditions proposed.
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Colombo UF, Bregozzo T, Bracco M, Minorchio E. [Pregnancy in the adolescent: clinical and psychological aspects]. Ann Ostet Ginecol Med Perinat 1985; 106:359-66. [PMID: 3835832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Colombo UF, Bregozzo T, Bracco M, Minorchio E, Mantegazza S. [Pregnancy in the adolescent: clinical results of a retrospective study]. Ann Ostet Ginecol Med Perinat 1985; 106:367-73. [PMID: 3835833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Colombo UF, Bregozzo T, Bracco M, Minorchio E. [Contraception and the desire for pregnancy in the adolescent]. Ann Ostet Ginecol Med Perinat 1985; 106:352-8. [PMID: 3835831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Fallani A, Bracco M, Tombaccini D, Mugnai G, Ruggieri S. Ether-linked lipids of Balb/c3T3, SV3T3 and concanavalin A-selected SV3T3 revertant cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1982; 711:208-12. [PMID: 6284240 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(82)90028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ether-linked lipids were analyzed in Balb/c3T3, SV3T3 and Concanavalin A-selected SV3T3 revertant cells. The three cell lines were found to contain significant quantities of alk-1-enyl- and alkyl-linked phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and small amounts of alkyldiacylglycerols. Compared to 3T3 cells, SV3T3 cells contain a higher amount of alk-1-enyl-linked PC, while in SV3T3 revertant cells the concentrations of the various ether lipids are similar to those of 3T3 cells. The major difference in the composition of ether groups of SV3T3 cells, compared to 3T3 cells, is an increase of 18:0 accompanied by a decrease of 18:1 in the alk-1-enyl-linked PE and PC. Alk-1-enyl-linked PC of SV3T3 revertant cells also shows an increase of 18:0, while the decrease of 18:1 was not statistically significant.
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Gatto E, Corsini B, Bracco M. [Physiopathological aspects of hypodiastolic syndromes]. Arch Maragliano Patol Clin 1974; 30:181-7. [PMID: 4534591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bracco M, Curti PC. [Description of a specific histochemical method for the surface-active substance of alveoli]. Arzneimittelforschung 1974; 24:845-7. [PMID: 4408046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Bracco M. [Immunological bases of BCG vaccination]. G Ital Mal Torace 1969:Suppl 1:52-5. [PMID: 5795060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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