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Gatti L, Lugli F, Sciutto G, Zangheri M, Prati S, Mirasoli M, Silvestrini S, Benazzi S, Tütken T, Douka K, Collina C, Boschin F, Romandini M, Iacumin P, Guardigli M, Roda A, Mazzeo R. Combining elemental and immunochemical analyses to characterize diagenetic alteration patterns in ancient skeletal remains. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5112. [PMID: 35332214 PMCID: PMC8948219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bones and teeth are biological archives, but their structure and composition are subjected to alteration overtime due to biological and chemical degradation postmortem, influenced by burial environment and conditions. Nevertheless, organic fraction preservation is mandatory for several archeometric analyses and applications. The mutual protection between biomineral and organic fractions in bones and teeth may lead to a limited diagenetic alteration, promoting a better conservation of the organic fraction. However, the correlation between elemental variations and the presence of organic materials (e.g., collagen) in the same specimen is still unclear. To fill this gap, chemiluminescent (CL) immunochemical imaging analysis has been applied for the first time for collagen localization. Then, Laser Ablation–Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) and CL imaging were combined to investigate the correlation between elemental (i.e., REE, U, Sr, Ba) and collagen distribution. Teeth and bones from various archeological contexts, chronological periods, and characterized by different collagen content were analyzed. Immunochemical analysis revealed a heterogeneous distribution of collagen, especially in highly degraded samples. Subsequently, LA–ICP–MS showed a correlation between the presence of uranium and rare earth elements and areas with low amount of collagen. The innovative integration between the two methods permitted to clarify the mutual relation between elemental variation and collagen preservation overtime, thus contributing to unravel the effects of diagenetic alteration in bones and teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via Guaccimanni, 42, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Federico Lugli
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy. .,Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Sciutto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via Guaccimanni, 42, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - M Zangheri
- Department of Chemistry, "Giacomo Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Prati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via Guaccimanni, 42, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - M Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry, "Giacomo Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Silvestrini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - S Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - T Tütken
- Applied and Analytical Paleontology, Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - K Douka
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
| | - C Collina
- Museo Civico Archeologico Biagio Greco, Mondragone, Caserta, Italy
| | - F Boschin
- Department of Physical Science, Earth and Environment, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Romandini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - P Iacumin
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry, "Giacomo Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Roda
- INBB, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy
| | - R Mazzeo
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, "Giacomo Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Silla A, Fogacci F, Punzo A, Calabria D, Guardigli M, Cicero A, Caliceti C. The beneficial role of evolocumab on the vascular function of high cv risk subjects: Beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Calabria D, Guardigli M, Mirasoli M, Punzo A, Porru E, Zangheri M, Simoni P, Pagnotta E, Ugolini L, Lazzeri L, Caliceti C, Roda A. Selective chemiluminescent TURN-ON quantitative bioassay and imaging of intracellular hydrogen peroxide in human living cells. Anal Biochem 2020; 600:113760. [PMID: 32353372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is an unavoidable by-product of cell metabolism, but when it is not properly managed by the body it can lead to several pathologies (e.g., premature aging, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer). Several methods have been proposed for the measurement of intracellular H2O2 but none of them has proven to be selective. We developed a rapid all-in-one chemiluminescent bioassay for the quantification of H2O2 in living cells with a low limit of detection (0.15 μM). The method relies on an adamantylidene-1,2-dioxetane lipophilic probe containing an arylboronate moiety; upon reaction with H2O2 the arylboronate moiety is converted to the correspondent phenol and the molecule decomposes leading to an excited-state fragment that emits light. The probe has been successfully employed for quantifying intracellular H2O2 in living human endothelial, colon and keratinocyte cells exposed to different pro-oxidant stimuli (i.e., menadione, phorbol myristate acetate and lipopolysaccharide). Imaging experiments clearly localize the chemiluminescence emission inside the cells. Treatment of cells with antioxidant molecules leads to a dose-dependent decrease of intracellular H2O2 levels. As a proof of concept, the bioassay has been used to measure the antioxidant activity of extracts from Brassica juncea wastes, which contain glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and other antioxidant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Calabria
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy; Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy; Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - A Punzo
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Porru
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Zangheri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Simoni
- Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Pagnotta
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella 133, 40238, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Ugolini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella 133, 40238, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Lazzeri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella 133, 40238, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Caliceti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy; Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Roda
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy; Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Viale Delle Medaglie D'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre of Industrial Agrifood Research (CIRI Agrifood), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy
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Caliceti C, Rizzo P, Ferrari R, Fortini F, Aquila G, Leoncini E, Zambonin L, Rizzo B, Calabria D, Simoni P, Mirasoli M, Guardigli M, Hrelia S, Roda A, Cicero AFG. Novel role of the nutraceutical bioactive compound berberine in lectin-like OxLDL receptor 1-mediated endothelial dysfunction in comparison to lovastatin. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:552-563. [PMID: 28511903 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) or pro-inflammatory stimuli lead to increased oxidative stress linked to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. The oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX1) is elevated within atheromas and cholesterol-lowering statins inhibit LOX1 expression. Berberine (BBR), an alkaloid extracted from plants of gender Berberis, has lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory activity. However, its role in regulating LOX1-mediated signaling is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BBR on oxLDL- and TNFα-induced endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to compare it with that of lovastatin (LOVA). METHODS AND RESULTS Cytotoxicity was determined by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Antioxidant capacity was measured with chemiluminescent and fluorescent method and intracellular ROS levels through a fluorescent dye. Gene and protein expression levels were assayed by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. HUVECs exposure to oxLDL (30 μg/ml) or TNFα (10 ng/ml) for 24 h led to a significant increase in LOX1 expression, effect abrogated by BBR (5 μM) and LOVA (5 μM). BBR but not LOVA treatment abolished the TNFα-induced cytotoxicity and restored the activation of Akt signaling. In spite of a low direct antioxidant capacity, both compounds reduced intracellular ROS levels generated by treatment of TNFα but only BBR inhibited NOX2 expression, MAPK/Erk1/2 signaling and subsequent NF-κB target genes VCAM and ICAM expression, induced by TNFα. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated for the first time that BBR could prevent the oxLDL and TNFα - induced LOX1 expression and oxidative stress, key events that lead to NOX, MAPK/Erk1/2 and NF-κB activation linked to endothelial dysfunction. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS STUDIED IN THIS ARTICLE Berberine (PubChem CID: 2353); Lovastatin (PubChem CID: 53232).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Caliceti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy.
| | - P Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, E.S: Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - R Ferrari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, E.S: Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - F Fortini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Aquila
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Leoncini
- Department for Life Quality Studies - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Zambonin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - B Rizzo
- Department for Life Quality Studies - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Calabria
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - P Simoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - M Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - S Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Roda
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - A F G Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Cicero A, Caliceti C, Rizzo P, Ferrari R, Fortini F, Aquila G, Shehu J, Leoncini E, Zambonin L, Rizzo B, Guardigli M, Roda A, Hrelia S. Novel role of berberine in LOX1-mediated endothelial dysfunction. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sciutto G, Dolci LS, Guardigli M, Zangheri M, Prati S, Mazzeo R, Roda A. Single and multiplexed immunoassays for the chemiluminescent imaging detection of animal glues in historical paint cross-sections. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:933-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pastorini E, Rotini R, Guardigli M, Vecchiotti S, Persiani S, Trisolino G, Antonioli D, Rovati LC, Roda A. Development and validation of a HPLC-ES-MS/MS method for the determination of glucosamine in human synovial fluid. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:1009-14. [PMID: 19647388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new HPLC method for the determination of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) in human synovial fluid was developed and validated. Synovial fluid samples were analyzed after a simple protein precipitation step with trichloroacetic acid using a polymer-based amino column with a mobile phase composed of 10 mM ammonium acetate (pH 7.5)-acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at 0.3 mL/min flow rate. D-[1-13C]glucosamine was used as internal standard. Selective detection was performed by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray source, operating in positive ionization mode and in multiple reaction monitoring acquisition (m/z 180-->72 and 181-->73 for glucosamine and internal standard, respectively). The limit of quantification (injected volume=3 microL) was 0.02 ng, corresponding to 10 ng/mL in synovial fluid. Calibration curves obtained using matrix-matched calibration standards and internal standard at 600 ng/mL were linear up to 2000 ng/mL. Precision values (%R.S.D.) were < or = 14% in the entire analytical range. Accuracy (%bias) ranged from -11% to 10%. The recoveries measured at three concentration levels (50, 800, and 1500 ng/mL) were higher than 89%. The method was successfully applied to measure endogenous glucosamine levels in synovial fluid samples collected from patients with knee osteoarthritis and glucosamine levels after oral administration of glucosamine sulfate (DONA) at the dose of 1500 mg/day for 14 consecutive days (steady-state).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pastorini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Mirasoli M, Guardigli M, Simoni P, Venturoli S, Ambretti S, Musiani M, Roda A. Multiplex chemiluminescence microscope imaging of P16(INK4A) and HPV DNA as biomarker of cervical neoplasia. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:981-7. [PMID: 19263042 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2707-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Classification of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions in low-grade (CIN1) or high-grade (CIN2-3) ones is crucial for optimal patient management, but current histological diagnosis on bioptic samples is often hampered by inter-observer variability. To allow objective classification, we have exploited the peculiar characteristics of chemiluminescence detection, such as high sensitivity and easy quantification of the luminescence signal, to perform sequentially in the same tissue section both an immunohistochemical quantitative detection of p16(INK4A) (a protein marker of high-grade CIN lesions) and an in situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (generally accepted as a necessary but insufficient cause of cervical carcinoma). Different label enzymes (alkaline phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase) were employed in order to avoid any interference between the two assays, and quantitative chemiluminescence image analysis was used to obtain objective evaluation of sample positivity. The multiplexed method allowed detection of two complementary biomarkers and provided discrimination between different lesions (non-neoplastic, low-grade and high-grade CIN). This assay might thus represent an accurate and objective diagnostic test providing important information for counseling, selection of therapy and follow up after surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mirasoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, 40126, Italy
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Sestigiani E, Mandreoli M, Guardigli M, Roda A, Ramazzotti E, Boni P, Santoro A. Efficacy and (Pharmaco)Kinetics of One Single Dose of Rasburicase in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 108:c265-71. [DOI: 10.1159/000126906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ambretti S, Venturoli S, Mirasoli M, Cricca M, Santini D, Guardigli M, Rizzoli M, Zerbini M, Musiani M. NUOVO SAGGIO FISH PER LA RICERCA DEL DNA DI HPV COMBINATO AD IHC CHEMILUMINESCENTE PER LA QUANTIFICAZIONE DI P16INK4A IN LESIONI CERVICALI. Microbiol Med 2006. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2006.3350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Michelini E, Guardigli M, Magliulo M, Mirasoli M, Roda A, Simoni P, Baraldini M. Bioluminescent Biosensors Based on Genetically Engineered Living Cells in Environmental and Food Analysis. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710600713156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Roda A, Mirasoli M, Guardigli M, Michelini E, Simoni P, Magliulo M. Development and validation of a sensitive and fast chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for the detection of genetically modified maize. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 384:1269-75. [PMID: 16491341 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2005] [Revised: 12/29/2005] [Accepted: 01/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteins from the Cry 1 family, in particular Cry 1Ab, are commonly expressed in genetically modified Bt maize in order to control chewing insect pests. A sensitive chemiluminescent sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Cry1Ab protein from genetically modified Bt maize has been developed and validated. A Cry1Ab protein-specific antibody was immobilized on 96- or 384-well microtiter plates in order to capture the Cry1Ab toxin in the sample; the bound toxin was then detected by employing a second anti-Cry1Ab antibody and a horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-antibody, followed by measurement of the enzyme activity with an enhanced chemiluminescent system. The chemiluminescent assay fulfilled all the requirements of accuracy and precision and exhibited limits of detection of a few pg mL(-1) Cry1Ab (3 or 5 pg mL(-1), depending on the assay format), which are significantly lower than that achievable using conventional colorimetric detection of peroxidase activity and also represent an improvement compared to previously developed Cry1Ab immunoassays. High-throughput analysis can be performed using the 384-well microtiter plate format immunoassay, which also allows one to reduce the consumption of samples and reagents. Validation of the assay, performed by analyzing certified reference materials, proved that the immunoassay is able to detect the presence of the Cry1Ab protein in certified reference samples containing as low as 0.1% of MON 810 genetically modified Bt maize. This value is below the threshold requiring mandatory labeling of foods containing genetically modified material according to the actual EU regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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Tarozzi A, Hrelia S, Angeloni C, Morroni F, Biagi P, Guardigli M, Cantelli-Forti G, Hrelia P. Antioxidant effectiveness of organically and non-organically grown red oranges in cell culture systems. Eur J Nutr 2005; 45:152-8. [PMID: 16096701 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-005-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumers consider plant food products from organic origin healthier than the corresponding conventional plant foods. Clear experimental evidence supporting this assumption is still lacking. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine if the organic red oranges have a higher phyto-chemical content (i. e., phenolics, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid), total antioxidant activity and in vitro bioactivity, in terms of protective effect against oxidative damage at cellular level, than nonorganic red oranges. METHODS Total phenolics were measured using the Folin Ciocalteau assay, while total anthocyanins and ascorbic acid levels were determined by spectrophotometric and HPLC analysis, respectively. In addition, the total antioxidant activity of red orange extracts was measured by the ABTS(*+) test. The ability of red orange extracts to counteract conjugated diene containing lipids and free radical production in cultured rat cardiomyocytes and differentiated Caco-2 cells, respectively, was assessed. RESULTS Organic oranges had significantly higher total phenolics, total anthocyanins and ascorbic acid levels than the corresponding non-organic oranges (all p < 0.05). Moreover, the organic orange extracts had a higher total antioxidant activity than non-organic orange extracts (p < 0.05). In addition, our results indicate that red oranges have a strong capacity of inhibiting the production of conjugated diene containing lipids and free radicals in rat cardiomyocytes and differentiated Caco-2 cells, respectively. Statistically higher levels of antioxidant activity in both cell models were found in organically grown oranges as compared to those produced by integrated agriculture practice. CONCLUSIONS Our results clearly show that organic red oranges have a higher phytochemical content (i. e., phenolics, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid), total antioxidant activity and bioactivity than integrated red oranges. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the organic agriculture practice is likely to increase the antioxidant activity of other varieties of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tarozzi
- Dept of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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Andreani A, Cavalli A, Granaiola M, Guardigli M, Leoni A, Locatelli A, Morigi R, Rambaldi M, Recanatini M, Roda A. Synthesis and screening for antiacetylcholinesterase activity of (1-benzyl-4-oxopiperidin-3-ylidene)methylindoles and -pyrroles related to donepezil. J Med Chem 2001; 44:4011-4. [PMID: 11689088 DOI: 10.1021/jm0109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and rapid evaluation of a new class of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors related to donepezil are reported. A molecular dynamics simulation of the complex between AChE and one representative compound of the series showed a possible inhibitor binding mode in which favorable interactions are formed between the benzylpiperidinone moiety and some active-site residues. The biochemical evaluation of this newly synthesized series was performed using a chemiluminescent method suitable for high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andreani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Charbonnière L, Ziessel R, Guardigli M, Roda A, Sabbatini N, Cesario M. Lanthanide tags for time-resolved luminescence microscopy displaying improved stability and optical properties. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:2436-7. [PMID: 11456898 DOI: 10.1021/ja003699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Charbonnière
- Laboratoire de Chimie d'Electronique et de Photonique Moléculaires, ECPM 25 rue Becquerel, BP 08, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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Fischer C, Sarti G, Casnati A, Carrettoni B, Manet I, Schuurman R, Guardigli M, Sabbatini N, Ungaro R. 2,2'-bipyridine lariat calixcrowns: a new class of encapsulating ligands forming highly luminescent Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes. Chemistry 2000; 6:1026-34. [PMID: 10785823 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3765(20000317)6:6<1026::aid-chem1026>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A new class of calix[4]arene crown ethers with one or two bipyridines appended to the polyether ring (lariat calixcrowns) have been designed and synthesized; the luminescence properties of their Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes have been studied in acetonitrile. In this solvent, long lifetimes for the metal emitting states and high metal-luminescence intensities obtained upon ligand excitation have been observed in both Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes. The association constants in methanol have been determined for some of the complexes studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fischer
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale dell'Universita, Parma, Italy
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Abstract
Many recent bioanalytical systems based on immunologic and hybridization reactions in a mono- or bidimensional microarray format require technology that can produce arrays of spots containing biospecific molecules. Some microarray deposition instruments are commercially available, and other devices have been described in recent papers. We describe a system obtained by adapting a commercial ink-jet printer and used to produce mono- and bidimensional arrays of spots containing horseradish peroxidase on cellulose paper. In a few minutes, it was possible to obtain bidimensional arrays containing several thousands of spots with a diameter as low as 0.2 mm, with each of which requiring only a few nanoliters of the enzyme deposition solution. The quantity of enzyme in each spot was evaluated with a chemiluminescent reaction and a charge-coupled device-based, low-light imaging luminograph. The chemiluminescence measurements revealed that the reproducibility of the enzyme deposition was satisfactory for analytical purposes, with the variation coefficients being lower than 10% in almost all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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Abstract
Analytical chemiluminescence and bioluminescence represent a versatile, ultrasensitive tool with a wide range of applications in diverse fields such as biotechnology, pharmacology, molecular biology, clinical and environmental chemistry. Enzyme activities and enzyme substrates and inhibitors can be efficiently determined when directly involved in luminescent reactions, and also when they take part in a reaction suitable for coupling to a final light-emitting reaction. Chemiluminescence detection has been exploited in the fields of flow-injection analysis and column-liquid chromatographic and capillary-electrophoretic separative systems, due to its high sensitivity when compared with colorimetric detection. It has widely been used as an indicator of reactive oxygen species formation in cells and whole organs, thus allowing the study of a number of pathophysiological conditions related to oxidative stress. Chemiluminescence represents a sensitive and rapid alternative to radioactivity as a detection principle in immunoassays for the determination of a wide range of molecules (hormones, food additives, environmental pollutants) and in filter membrane biospecific reactions (Southern, Northern, Western, dot blot) for the determination of nucleic acids and proteins. Chemiluminescence has also been used for the sensitive and specific localization and quantitation of target analytes in tissue sections and single cells by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. A relatively recent application regards the use of luminescent reporter genes for the development of bioassays based on genetically engineered microorganisms or mammalian cells able to emit visible light in response to specific inorganic and organic compounds. Finally, the high detectability and rapidity of bio- and chemiluminescent detection make it suitable for the development of microarray-based high throughput screening assays, in which simultaneous, multianalyte detection is performed on multiple samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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Sabbatini N, Casnati A, Fischer C, Girardini R, Guardigli M, Manet I, Sarti G, Ungaro R. Luminescence of Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes of new macrobicyclic ligands derived from p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(96)05293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Casnati A, Fischer C, Guardigli M, Isernia A, Manet I, Sabbatini N, Ungaro R. Synthesis of calix[4]arene receptors incorporating (2,2′-bipyridin-6-yl)methyl and (9-methyl-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)methyl chromophores and luminescence of their Eu3+and Tb3+complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/p29960000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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