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Chen D, Chang CP, Loretto MH. Orientation contrast of secondary electron images from electropolished metals. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 156:41-9. [PMID: 25980953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Orientation contrast obtained by an in-lens secondary electron detector in a scanning electron microscope from electropolished/etched metals is reported. The imaging conditions for obtaining such orientation contrast are defined. The mechanism responsible for the formation of the orientation contrast is explained, and an application example of this new imaging method is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chen
- Research Center for Physical Properties and Microstructure of Metals, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C P Chang
- Research Center for Physical Properties and Microstructure of Metals, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - M H Loretto
- IRC in Materials, School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
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Campany RG, Loretto MH, Smallman RE. Dynamic observations during tensile deformation of molybdenum in the high voltage electron microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/030634576790432407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Campany RG, Smallman RE, Loretto MH. Dynamic observations in the HVEM of the influence of crystal orientation on the deformation and fracture behaviour of molybdenum single crystals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/030634576790432335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Chen Z, Bozdogan R, Loretto MH, Smallman RE, Long SJ. The influence of electron beam direction and atomic weight on the ionization cross-section of metals by high-energy electrons. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1990.tb03017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Loretto
- a Battelle Memorial Institute , Columbus , Ohio , 43201
- b On leave of absence from the Department of Physical Metallurgy , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , 15
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Loretto
- a Division of Tribophysics , Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, University of Melbourne
| | - L. M. Clarebrough
- a Division of Tribophysics , Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, University of Melbourne
| | - R. L. Segall
- a Division of Tribophysics , Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, University of Melbourne
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Loretto
- a Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Tribophysics, University of Melbourne
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Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Clarebrough
- a C.S.I.R.O., Division of Tribophysics , University of Melbourne , Australia
| | - M. E. Hargreaves
- a C.S.I.R.O., Division of Tribophysics , University of Melbourne , Australia
| | - M. H. Loretto
- a C.S.I.R.O., Division of Tribophysics , University of Melbourne , Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- H. L. Fraseb
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , U.K
- b the Department of Metallurgy and Mining , University of Urbana , Champaign, Urbana , Illinois , U.S.A
| | - R. E. Smallman
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , U.K
| | - M. H. Loretto
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , U.K
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Affiliation(s)
- H. L. Fraser
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy & Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , U.K
- b Department of Metallurgy & Mining , University of Illinois , Ohampaign-Urbana , Illinois , 61801 , U.S.A
| | - M. H. Loretto
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy & Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , U.K
| | - R. E. Smallman
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy & Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , U.K
| | - R. J. Wasilewski
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy & Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , U.K
- c N.S.F. Washington , U.S.A
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Affiliation(s)
- R. L. Segall
- a Division of Tribophysics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , University of Melbourne
- b Department of Physies , University of Warwiek , Coventry , England
| | - L. M. Clarebrough
- a Division of Tribophysics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , University of Melbourne
| | - M. H. Loretto
- a Division of Tribophysics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , University of Melbourne
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Affiliation(s)
- H. L. Fraser
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , P.O. Box 363, Birmingham , B15 2TT , U.K
- b the Department of Mining and Metallurgy , University of Illinois , Champaign-Urbana , Illinois , 61801 , U.S.A
| | - M. H. Loretto
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , P.O. Box 363, Birmingham , B15 2TT , U.K
| | - R. E. Smallman
- a Department of Physical Metallurgy and Science of Materials , University of Birmingham , P.O. Box 363, Birmingham , B15 2TT , U.K
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Jones IP, Loretto MH, Smallman RE. Electron microscopy of materials at the University of Birmingham. Microsc Res Tech 1993; 24:348-58. [PMID: 8513175 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.1070240408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The School of Metallurgy and Materials has traditionally put transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the forefront of its research interests and, through support from SERC and from the university, has always had the facility to carry out state of the art electron microscopy of materials. In this brief review some of the topics where TEM has played a central role in recent work in Birmingham will be described so that it will be seen just how central to the work in Birmingham TEM has been.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Jones
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Great Britain
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Court SA, Löfvander JPA, Loretto MH, Fraser HL. The influence of temperature and alloying additions on the mechanisms of plastic deformation of Ti3Al. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/01418619008235561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Court SA, Löfvander JPA, Loretto MH, Fraser HL. The nature of c-component dislocations in samples of a polycrystalline Ti3 Al-based alloy deformed at room temperature and at 300°C. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618908205065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Brooks JW, Haque E, Loretto MH, Smallman RE. In-situ Observations on Cu-SiO2 and Stainless Steels. Krist Techn 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.19790141105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Smith B, Fahad I, Smallman RE, Loretto MH. The Nature of Dislocation Damage in Electron Irradiated Al-1% Cu and Stainless Steels. Krist Techn 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.19790141120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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