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Pastor R, Puyssegur J, de la Guardia MP, Varón LS, Beccaglia G, Spada N, de Lima AP, Collado MS, Blanco A, Scetti IA, Arabolaza ME, Paoli B, Chirdo F, Arana E. Role of germinal center and CD39 highCD73 + B cells in the age-related tonsillar involution. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:24. [PMID: 38610048 PMCID: PMC11010345 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tonsils operate as a protection ring of mucosa at the gates of the upper aero-digestive tract. They show similarities with lymph nodes and participate as inductive organs of systemic and mucosal immunity. Based on the reduction of their size since puberty, they are thought to experience involution in adulthood. In this context, we have used tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMC) isolated from patients at different stages of life, to study the effect of ageing and the concomitant persistent inflammation on these immune cells. RESULTS We found an age-dependent reduction in the proportion of germinal center B cell population (BGC) and its T cell counterpart (T follicular helper germinal center cells, TfhGC). Also, we demonstrated an increment in the percentage of local memory B cells and mantle zone T follicular helper cells (mTfh). Furthermore, younger tonsils rendered higher proportion of proliferative immune cells within the freshly isolated TMC fraction than those from older ones. We demonstrated the accumulation of a B cell subset (CD20+CD39highCD73+ cells) metabolically adapted to catabolize adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as patients get older. To finish, tonsillar B cells from patients at different ages did not show differences in their proliferative response to stimulation ex vivo, in bulk TMC cultures. CONCLUSIONS This paper sheds light on the changing aspects of the immune cellular landscape, over the course of time and constant exposure, at the entrance of the respiratory and digestive systems. Our findings support the notion that there is a re-modelling of the immune functionality of the excised tonsils over time. They are indicative of a transition from an effector type of immune response, typically oriented to reduce pathogen burden early in life, to the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment at later stages, when tissue damage control gets critical provided the time passed under immune attack. Noteworthy, when isolated from such histologic microenvironment, older tonsillar B cells seem to level their proliferation capacity with the younger ones. Understanding these features will not only contribute to comprehend the differences in susceptibility to pathogens among children and adults but would also impact on vaccine developments intended to target these relevant mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Pastor
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Institute of Immunological and Physiopathological studies (IIFP), University of La Plata (UNLP), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juliana Puyssegur
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - M Paula de la Guardia
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Lindybeth Sarmiento Varón
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Gladys Beccaglia
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Spada
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Paes de Lima
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Soledad Collado
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Andrés Blanco
- Institute of Otolaryngology Arauz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - M Elena Arabolaza
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Division, Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bibiana Paoli
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Division, Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Chirdo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Institute of Immunological and Physiopathological studies (IIFP), University of La Plata (UNLP), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eloísa Arana
- Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Clinical Hospital 'José de San Martín', University of Buenos Aires (UBA), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Av Córdoba 2351, C1120AAF, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Collado MS, Robles JC, De Zan M, Cámara MS, Mantovani VE, Goicoechea HC. Determination of dexamethasone and two excipients (creatinine and propylparaben) in injections by using UV-spectroscopy and multivariate calibrations. Int J Pharm 2001; 229:205-11. [PMID: 11604273 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(01)00866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of multivariate spectrophotometric calibration for the simultaneous determination of dexamethasone and two typical excipients (creatinine and propylparaben) in injections is presented. The resolution of the three-component mixture in a matrix of excipients has been accomplished by using partial least-squares (PLS-1). Notwithstanding the elevated degree of spectral overlap, they have been rapidly and simultaneously determined with high accuracy and precision (comparable to the HPLC pharmacopeial method), with no interference, and without resorting to extraction procedures using non-aqueous solvents. A simple and fast method for wavelength selection in the calibration step is used, based on the minimisation of the predicted error sum of squares (PRESS) calculated as a function of a moving spectral window.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Collado
- Laboratorio de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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