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Cascella A, Gavazzoni M, Muraru D, Heilbron F, Caravita S, Tomaselli M, Parati G, Badano LP. Prognostic power of a new index of right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling based on right ventricular volumes in patients with secondary tricuspid regurgitation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although echocardiographic surrogates of right ventricular -arterial coupling (RVAC) have been reported to be associated with outcome in patients with moderate or severe secondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (SPAP) is difficult to be estimated using echocardiography in patients with severe STR.
Purpose
Accordingly, we evaluated the predictive power of indexes of RVAC obtained using RV volumes measured using three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE).
Methods
We prospectively enrolled 180 patients with moderate or severe STR and complete two-dimensional, Doppler and 3DE data. The composite endpoint of death for any cause and heart failure hospitalization was used as primary outcome.
Results
After a median follow up of 24 months (IQR: 2–48), 72 patients (40%) reached the primary endpoint. Most of the echocardiographic parameters of RV function were associated with outcomes. Among the different parameters of RVAC, the receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis selected the ratio between (RV stroke volume [SV]-RegVol)/ RV End-systolic volume (ESV) (i.e. the RV forward SV/ESV) as the best predictor of the combined endpoint (AUC 0.80 [IC 95% 0.73–087]), with a threshold value of 0.49.
Event-free survival of patients with RV forward SV/ESV higher and lower 0.49 has been performed (Figure 1).
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were constructed (Figure 2). Adding sequentially the 3D-RVEF, TAPSE/SPAP and the forward RV SV/RV ESV on top of a basal model made of TR severity, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and tricuspid anulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), the χ2 of the model increased from 40 to 43 (p=0.13) by adding 3D RVEF, from 43 to 46 (p=0.04) by adding TAPSE/SPAP, and from 46 to 51 (p=0.02) by adding RV forward SV/ESV. Severe TR (HR 3.53 [CI 95%: 1.84–6.78], p<0.001) and RV forward SV/ESV <0.49 (HR 2.45 [CI 95% 1.16–5.18], p=0.02) were the only parameters independently associated with outcome.
Conclusions
The RV forward SV/ESV is an index of RVAC obtained by 3DE which is independent from SPAP and it is strongly associated with the occurrence of death or heart failure hospitalization in patients with STR.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cascella
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - M Gavazzoni
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - D Muraru
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - F Heilbron
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - S Caravita
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - M Tomaselli
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - G Parati
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - L P Badano
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital , Milan , Italy
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Volpato V, Ciampi P, Johnson R, Hipke K, Tomaselli M, Oliverio G, Muraru D, Lang RM, Badano LP. Routine use of automated strain analysis and 3D echocardiography provides a more comprehensive assessment of cardiac chambers than conventional 2D echocardiography and is time-saving. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background. In most laboratories three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and longitudinal strain (Lstrain) analysis are not part of the routine studies. Although these modalities have been shown to provide additional clinical information and prognostic value compared to conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), their acquisition and analysis are perceived as being time-consuming. Recently, new automated tools have been developed to perform accurate, fast and reproducible analyses of heart chambers’ geometry and function. However, their cost-effectiveness when compared to conventional 2DE remains to be demonstrated.
Aim. We designed a prospective, multicenter, observational study aimed to compare the time required for the acquisition and analysis of conventional transthoracic 2DE vs advanced echocardiography (AEcho, i.e. 3DE+ Lstrain) for the assessment of cardiac chambers and myocardial mechanics.
Methods. According to current guidelines, 196 consecutive patients referred for clinically indicated echocardiography underwent complete 2DE and Doppler echocardiography. In addition, 3DE datasets of the left atrium (LA), left and right ventricle (LV, RV) were acquired using automated 3DE software package (Heart Model). Acquisition time for both 2DE and 3DE images were recorded. Conventional 2DE analyses of LA (biplane volume), LV (biplane volumes and mass) and RV (both linear dimensions, areas, and longitudinal function) were performed following current guidelines, and the time required for acquisition and analysis was recorded. The time spent for AEcho analysis (both 3DE volumetric analysis and Lstrain of LA, LV and RV) was also recorded.
Results. Feasibility of AEcho was 86% (169 patients). The additional time for 3D dataset acquisition over conventional 2DE was 38 ± 0.16 sec. Quantitative analysis of the cardiac chambers by 2DE required an average of 5.55 ± 1.51 min vs 4.25 ± 1.23 min using AEcho (p < 0.001). Total time for both 3D dataset acquisition and AEcho assessment was 5.03 ± 1.28 min vs 5.55 ± 1.51 min of 2DE analysis alone (p < 0.001). Globally, AEcho provided a more comprehensive assessment of heart chambers than 2DE (Table). Moreover, the time spent for 3DE dataset acquisition and AEcho analysis on top of standard 2DE acquisition was significantly shorter compared to the 2DE acquisition and analysis (18:50 ± 4.23 vs 19:42 ± 4.24 min, p < 0.001) (Table).
Conclusions. Our data showed that the use of new AEcho automated tools are highly feasible resulting in significant time-savings compared to standard 2DE evaluation, while providing significant additional information. Abstract Table
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Affiliation(s)
- V Volpato
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - P Ciampi
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - R Johnson
- University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - K Hipke
- University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - M Tomaselli
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Oliverio
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - D Muraru
- University of Milan Bicocca, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - RM Lang
- University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - LP Badano
- University of Milan Bicocca, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Tomaselli M, Gavazzoni M, Muraru D, Caravita S, Volpato V, Oliverio G, Ciambellotti F, Mene" R, Florescu DR, Ciampi P, Heilbron F, Rella V, Parati G, Badano LP. Impact of leaflet-tethering angle correction on the assessment of tricuspid regurgitation severity using the PISA method. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with excess mortality and morbidity. Therefore, assessment of TR severity is pivotal. Calculation of the effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) and the regurgitant volume (RVol) using flow convergence method (PISA) by echocardiography are still the recommended parameters to define TR severity. However, the distortion of the proximal convergence zone related to the extent of valve leaflet tethering may result in smaller PISA radius and in underestimation of TR severity. Correcting for the angle of the leaflet tethering could reduce errors due to geometric assumption of a flat valvular plane and improve the accuracy of the calculations.
Purpose: The aims of our study were
(1) to evaluate whether taking into account the extent of leaflet tethering by applying the angle correction (AC) in the PISA formula improves the accuracy of the quantitative assessment of TR severity; (2) to assess the potential clinical impact of AC.
Methods
Forty-one patients with functional TR (73.5 ± 11.8 years,51% men,36% sinus rhythm,17% severe), underwent 2D and 3D echocardiography. We compared the RVol obtained by volumetric method (as reference) with the RVol by PISA with and without AC. TR RVol by volumetric method was calculated as: total RV stroke volume (RVSV) – left ventricular forward SV (LVSV), where RVSV was obtained by subtracting the end-systolic from end-diastolic RV volume measured by 3D echocardiography and LV SV was calculated by multiplying LV outflow area by velocity time integral (VTI) (Fig. 1). TR RVol by PISA was calculated as EROA x VTITR. Uncorrected EROA was calculated using the formula: 6.28 r2 xVa/ PeakVTR (r - PISA radius, Va, aliasing velocity, PeakVTR – TR peak velocity). The corrected EROA accounting for the PISA geometric distortion by leaflet tethering angle (α) was calculated as: 6.28 r2 x Va (α/180)/ PeakV TR (PISAac), where α was measured using a protractor generated by dedicated software.
Results
Application of AC to PISA method resulted in larger EROA and RVol (0.34± 0.38 cm2 vs 0.24± 0.24cm2 and, 25.2± 19.3 mL vs 18.6 ± 13.1mL, respectively). The percentage change in EROAac was over 40%. When compared to the volumetric method, RVol by corrected PISA method was significantly closer and correlated (bias -3.95mL, LOA ± 6.41 mL, r= .987; p< .001) than the conventional PISA without AC (bias -10.5 mL, LOA ± 15 mL, r= .975). Angle correction resulted in a change of TR severity in 32% of cases (Fig. 2) and in a greater concordance of TR severity grade with the volumetric method (75%, 31/41 with AC vs 52%, 22/41 without AC).
Conclusions
Angle-corrected PISA method that accounts for the extent of the leaflet tethering in TR provided significantly larger TR RVol that were closely correlated with the volumetric RVol by 3D echocardiography. A simple geometric angle correction of the proximal flow with PISA method reclassified up to 1/3 of patients with functional TR. Abstract Figure. Representation of study method Abstract Figure. Reclassification of TR severity
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomaselli
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M Gavazzoni
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - D Muraru
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - S Caravita
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - V Volpato
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Oliverio
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - F Ciambellotti
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - R Mene"
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - DR Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - P Ciampi
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - F Heilbron
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - V Rella
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Parati
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - LP Badano
- Italian Auxological Institute San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Florescu D, Badano LP, Tomaselli M, Torlasco C, Florescu C, Tartea GC, Balseanu TA, Volpato V, Parati G, Muraru D. Automated left atrial volume measurement by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography: feasibility, accuracy and reproducibility. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction - A by-product of left atrial (LA) strain analysis is the automated measurement of LA maximal volume (LAVmax), which may decrease the time of echocardiography reporting, and increase the reproducibility of the LAVmax measurement. However, the automated measurement of LAVmax by two-dimensional speckle-tracking analysis (2DSTE) has never been validated.
Purpose – Accordingly, we sought to: i. assess the feasibility of automated LAVmax measurement by 2DSTE; ii. compare the automated LAVmax by 2DSTE with conventional two-dimensional (2DE) biplane and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) measurements; and iii. evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the three echocardiography techniques.
Methods – LAVmax (34-197 mL) were prospectively obtained from 198/210 (feasibility 94%) consecutive patients with various cardiac diseases (median age 67 years, 126 men) by 2DSTE, 2DE and 3DE.
Results – 2DE and 2DSTE measurements resulted in similar LAVmax values (bias = 1.5 mL, limits of agreement, LOA ± 7.5 mL), and slightly underestimated 3DE LAVmax (biases=-5 mL, LOA ± 17 mL, and -6 mL, LOA ± 16 mL, respectively). LAVmax by 2DSTE and 2DE were strongly correlated to those obtained by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) (r=.946, and r=.935, respectively; p<.001). However, LAVmax obtained by 2DSTE (bias=-9.5 mL, LOA ± 16 mL), and 2DE (bias=-8 mL, LOA ± 17 mL) were significantly smaller than those measured by CMR. Conversely, 3DE LAVmax were similar to CMR (bias=-2 ml, LOA ± 10 mL). Excellent intra- and inter-observer intraclass correlation coefficients were found for 3DE (0.995 and 0.995), 2DE (0.990 and 0.988), and 2DSTE (0.990 and 0.989).
Conclusion – Automated LAVmax measurement by 2DSTE is highly feasible, highly reproducible, and provided similar values to conventional 2DE calculations in consecutive patients with a wide range of LAVmax. Abstract Figure. Echocardiography and CMR correlations Abstract Figure. Echocardiography techniques correlations
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Affiliation(s)
- D Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - LP Badano
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tomaselli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - C Torlasco
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - C Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - GC Tartea
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - TA Balseanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Physiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - V Volpato
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - G Parati
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - D Muraru
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
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Florescu D, Muraru D, Florescu C, Volpato V, Tomaselli M, Caravita S, Gavazzoni M, Parati G, Badano LP. Prognostic value of different echocardiographic indices reflecting right ventriculo-arterial coupling in a large cohort of patients with various cardiac diseases. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction – Non-invasive parameters used to assess right ventricular (RV) function, i.e. tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV fractional area change (FAC), RV ejection fraction (RVEF), and RV free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) have shown their prognostic implications. However, since they are extremely load dependent, they do not provide an accurate representation of the RV intrinsic performance. On the other end, invasive indices of RV-arterial coupling (RVAC) derived from pressure-volume loops are not routinely performed, rising the urgency for more feasible, and reliable non-invasive estimates of RVAC.
Purpose – To: i. evaluate the prognostic value of echocardiography-derived RVAC surrogates: RVEF/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), RVFWLS/sPAP, TAPSE/sPAP, FAC/sPAP, and RV stroke volume/end-systolic volume (SV/ESV), ii. identify the cut-off values associated to all-cause mortality; and iii. compare their prognostic value with that of classical parameters of RV function.
Methods – We prospectively enrolled 366 patients with various cardiac diseases, undergoing clinically-indicated comprehensive two- and three-dimensional echocardiography.
Results – During a mean follow-up of 7.6 ± 1 years, 80 (21.9%) patients died. At univariable Cox regression, most of the echocardiographic parameters were related to all-cause mortality. The echocardiographic parameters with significance at univariable analysis (p < 0.01) were included in a multivariable regression model. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), RVEF, TAPSE, RVEF/sPAP and RVFWLS/sPAP remained independently associated to all-cause mortality (p < 0.05 for all). Subsequently, they were tested in receiving operator characteristics (ROC) curves. At ROC analysis, RVEF/sPAP (area under the curve, AUC = 0.807, p < 0.001) and RVFWLS/sPAP (AUC = 0.743, p < 0.001) showed the greatest predictive value (p < 0.001 between them). However, all RV parameters significantly improved their prognostic values after indexing for sPAP (p < 0.01 for all). The best cut-offs to predict the outcome were 1.5 for RVEF/sPAP (specificity 71%, sensitivity 83%) and 0.67 for RVFWLS/sPAP (specificity 72%, sensitivity 68%). At Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with reduced RVAC (less than the predefined cut-offs) had significantly lower probability of survival (p < 0.001 for all).
Conclusion – RVAC surrogates provide incremental prognostic value compared to standard RV functional measurements. RVEF/sPAP, with a cut-off value of 1.5, was the best parameter for risk stratification, and was independently related to all-cause mortality. Abstract Figure. Prognostic value of RVAC surrogates Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier curves survival probability
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Affiliation(s)
- D Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - D Muraru
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - C Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - V Volpato
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tomaselli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - S Caravita
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Gavazzoni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - G Parati
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - LP Badano
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
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Florescu D, Muraru D, Florescu C, Gavazzoni M, Volpato V, Caravita S, Tomaselli M, Balseanu TA, Parati G, Badano LP. Right heart chambers geometry and function in patients with the atrial and the ventricular phenotypes of functional tricuspid regurgitation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction — Atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation (A-FTR) is a recently defined phenotype of FTR associated with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation. Differently from the classical ventricular form of FTR (V-FTR), patients with A-FTR might present with severely dilated right atrium (RA) and tricuspid annulus (TA), and with preserved right ventricular (RV) size and systolic function. However, the geometry and function of the RV, RA and TA in patients with A-FTR and V-FTR remain to be systematically evaluated.
Purpose — Accordingly, we sought to: i. study the geometry and function of the RV, RA and TA in A-FTR by two- and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography; and ii. compare them with those found in V-FTR.
Methods — We prospectively analysed 113 (44 men, age 68 ± 18 years) FTR patients (A-FTR = 55 and V-FTR = 58) that were compared to two groups of age- and sex-matched controls to develop the respective Z-scores.
Results — The severity of FTR, and the degree of TA dilation were similar in A-FTR and V-FTR patients. The Z-scores of RV size were significantly larger, and those of RV function were significantly lower in V-FTR than in A-FTR (p < 0.001 for all). The RA was significantly enlarged in both A-FTR and V-FTR compared to controls (p < 0.001, Z-scores > 2), with similar RA maximal volumes (RAVmax) between A-FTR and V-FTR (p = 0.2). Whereas, the RA minimal volumes (RAVmin) were significantly larger in A-FTR than in V-FTR (p = 0.001).
Conclusion — Despite similar degrees of FTR, RAVmax and TA size, A-FTR patients show larger RAVmin than V-FTR patients. Conversely, V-FTR patients show dilated, more elliptic and dysfunctional RV than A-FTR patients. Abstract Figure. A-FTR versus V-FTR Abstract Figure. Remodelling patterns in A-FTR and V-FTR
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Affiliation(s)
- D Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - D Muraru
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - C Florescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Cardiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - M Gavazzoni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - V Volpato
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - S Caravita
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tomaselli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Luca, Department of Cardiac, Neural and Metabolic Sciences , Milan, Italy
| | - TA Balseanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Physiology, Craiova, Romania
| | - G Parati
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - LP Badano
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
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Olivo S, Cheli M, Dinoto A, Stokelj D, Tomaselli M, Manganotti P. Telemedicine during the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic lockdown: Monitoring stress and quality of sleep in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 118:107864. [PMID: 33743345 PMCID: PMC7891095 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic heavily hit the western healthcare system saturating the hospital beds in wards and clogging the emergency departments. To avoid the collapse of Italian hospitals, office visits to outpatients were limited to emergencies and the general population went in a lockdown state. Physicians had to approach new problems in the management of chronic patients who could not leave their homes. In our experience as epilepsy clinic, the use of telemedicine was of crucial importance for monitoring our patients: phone call during lockdown let us monitor the stability of our 38 patients and psychometric parameters and habits that could influence seizures frequency. In particular, we found that in our patients, sleep quality was low resulting in high daily sleepiness and associated high stress levels. Secondly, we found an increase in daily screen hours and an association with daily sleepiness. In conclusion, we report our experience in managing people with epilepsy during the lockdown, underlining the utility of telemedicine as a valid monitoring tool and the necessity of a psychometric and behavioral screening.
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Thomas HJD, Bjorkman AD, Myers-Smith IH, Elmendorf SC, Kattge J, Diaz S, Vellend M, Blok D, Cornelissen JHC, Forbes BC, Henry GHR, Hollister RD, Normand S, Prevéy JS, Rixen C, Schaepman-Strub G, Wilmking M, Wipf S, Cornwell WK, Beck PSA, Georges D, Goetz SJ, Guay KC, Rüger N, Soudzilovskaia NA, Spasojevic MJ, Alatalo JM, Alexander HD, Anadon-Rosell A, Angers-Blondin S, Te Beest M, Berner LT, Björk RG, Buchwal A, Buras A, Carbognani M, Christie KS, Collier LS, Cooper EJ, Elberling B, Eskelinen A, Frei ER, Grau O, Grogan P, Hallinger M, Heijmans MMPD, Hermanutz L, Hudson JMG, Johnstone JF, Hülber K, Iturrate-Garcia M, Iversen CM, Jaroszynska F, Kaarlejarvi E, Kulonen A, Lamarque LJ, Lantz TC, Lévesque E, Little CJ, Michelsen A, Milbau A, Nabe-Nielsen J, Nielsen SS, Ninot JM, Oberbauer SF, Olofsson J, Onipchenko VG, Petraglia A, Rumpf SB, Shetti R, Speed JDM, Suding KN, Tape KD, Tomaselli M, Trant AJ, Treier UA, Tremblay M, Venn SE, Vowles T, Weijers S, Wookey PA, Zamin TJ, Bahn M, Blonder B, van Bodegom PM, Bond-Lamberty B, Campetella G, Cerabolini BEL, Chapin FS, Craine JM, Dainese M, Green WA, Jansen S, Kleyer M, Manning P, Niinemets Ü, Onoda Y, Ozinga WA, Peñuelas J, Poschlod P, Reich PB, Sandel B, Schamp BS, Sheremetiev SN, de Vries FT. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1351. [PMID: 32165619 PMCID: PMC7067758 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J D Thomas
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Scotland, UK.
| | - A D Bjorkman
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Scotland, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, 41319, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - I H Myers-Smith
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Scotland, UK
| | - S C Elmendorf
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450, USA
| | - J Kattge
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07701, Jena, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Diaz
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Av.Velez Sarsfield 299, Cordoba, Argentina
- FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Vellend
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - D Blok
- Dutch Research Council, (NWO), Postbus 93460, 2509 AL, Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - J H C Cornelissen
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B C Forbes
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - G H R Henry
- Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - R D Hollister
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, 3300a Kindschi Hall of Science, Allendale, Michigan, USA
| | - S Normand
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - J S Prevéy
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
| | - C Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
| | - G Schaepman-Strub
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Wilmking
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald University, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
- Swiss National Park, Runatsch 124, Chastè Planta-Wildenberg, 7530, Zernez, Switzerland
| | - W K Cornwell
- Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - P S A Beck
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi, 2749, Ispra, 21027, Italy
| | - D Georges
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Scotland, UK
- International Agency for Research in Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - S J Goetz
- School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, 1295S Knoles Dr, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - K C Guay
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Dr, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA
| | - N Rüger
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Bldg. 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancón, Panama
| | - N A Soudzilovskaia
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M J Spasojevic
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California Riverside, Life Sciences Building, Eucalyptus Dr #2710, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - J M Alatalo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - H D Alexander
- Department of Forestry, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS, 39762, USA
| | - A Anadon-Rosell
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald University, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Biodiversity Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Angers-Blondin
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Scotland, UK
| | - M Te Beest
- Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L T Berner
- School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, 1295S Knoles Dr, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - R G Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Buchwal
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, B. Krygowskiego 10, 61-680, Poznan, Poland
- University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
| | - A Buras
- Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - M Carbognani
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - K S Christie
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK, 99518, USA
| | - L S Collier
- Department of Biology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - E J Cooper
- Deptartment of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Bioscences Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - B Elberling
- Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - A Eskelinen
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Linnanmaa, Oulu, Finland
| | - E R Frei
- Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z2, Canada
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - O Grau
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane), Campus Agronomique, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - P Grogan
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Biosciences Complex, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Hallinger
- Biology Department, Swedish Agricultural University (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M M P D Heijmans
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Hermanutz
- Department of Biology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - J M G Hudson
- British Columbia Public Service, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J F Johnstone
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - K Hülber
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Iturrate-Garcia
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C M Iversen
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6134, USA
| | - F Jaroszynska
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, Scotland, UK
| | - E Kaarlejarvi
- Biodiversity Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussles, Belgium
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, PO Box, 65, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Kulonen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
| | - L J Lamarque
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement et Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Québec, Canada
| | - T C Lantz
- School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, David Turpin Building, B243, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - E Lévesque
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement et Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Québec, Canada
| | - C J Little
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, the Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - A Michelsen
- Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Terrestrial Ecology Section, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A Milbau
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Havenlaan 88 bus 73, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Nabe-Nielsen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - S S Nielsen
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - J M Ninot
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Biodiversity Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S F Oberbauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - J Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - V G Onipchenko
- Department of Ecology and Plant Geography, Moscow State Lomonosov University, 119234, Moscow, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Russia
| | - A Petraglia
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - S B Rumpf
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biophore, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Shetti
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald University, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - J D M Speed
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K N Suding
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450, USA
| | - K D Tape
- Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska, Engineering Learning and Innovation Facility (ELIF), Suite 240, 1764 Tanana Loop, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-5910, USA
| | - M Tomaselli
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - A J Trant
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - U A Treier
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M Tremblay
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement et Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Québec, Canada
| | - S E Venn
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn Ponds Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - T Vowles
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Weijers
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - P A Wookey
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - T J Zamin
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Biosciences Complex, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Blonder
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, 8000 Co Rd 317, Crested Butte, CO, 81224, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94706, USA
| | - P M van Bodegom
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B Bond-Lamberty
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Ct, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - G Campetella
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine-Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, Univeristy of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - B E L Cerabolini
- DBSV-University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - F S Chapin
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
| | - J M Craine
- Jonah Ventures, 1600 Range Street Suite 201, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - M Dainese
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Alpine Environment, EURAC Research, Viale Druso, 1, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - W A Green
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - S Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Kleyer
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - P Manning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ü Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr.R.Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Y Onoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - W A Ozinga
- Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Poschlod
- Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 115 Green Hall, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - B Sandel
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - B S Schamp
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, 1520 Queen Street East, Sault Ste., Marie, ON, P6A 2G4, Canada
| | - S N Sheremetiev
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Professor Popova Street, 2, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - F T de Vries
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94240, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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9
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Carbognani M, Piotti A, Leonardi S, Pasini L, Spanu I, Vendramin GG, Tomaselli M, Petraglia A. Reproductive and genetic consequences of extreme isolation in Salix herbacea L. at the rear edge of its distribution. Ann Bot 2019; 124:849-860. [PMID: 31361802 PMCID: PMC6868362 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS At the rear edge of the distribution of species, extreme isolation and small population size influence the genetic diversity and differentiation of plant populations. This may be particularly true for Arctic-alpine species in mid-latitude mountains, but exactly how peripherality has shaped their genetic and reproductive characteristics is poorly investigated. The present study, focused on Salix herbacea, aims at providing new insights into the causes behind ongoing demographic dynamics and their consequences for peripheral populations of Arctic-alpine species. METHODS We performed a whole-population, highly detailed sampling of the only two S. herbacea populations in the northern Apennines, comparing their clonal and genetic diversity, sex ratio and spatial genetic structure with a reference population from the Alps. After inspecting ~1800 grid intersections in the three populations, 563 ramets were genotyped at 11 nuclear microsatellite markers (nSSRs). Past demography and mating patterns of Apennine populations were investigated to elucidate the possible causes of altered reproductive dynamics. KEY RESULTS Apennine populations, which experienced a Holocene bottleneck and are highly differentiated (FST = 0.15), had lower clonal and genetic diversity compared with the alpine population (RMLG = 1 and HE = 0.71), with the smaller population exhibiting the lowest diversity (RMLG = 0.03 and HE = 0.24). An unbalanced sex ratio was found in the larger (63 F:37 M) and the smaller (99 F:1 M) Apennine population. Both were characterized by the presence of extremely large clones (up to 2500 m2), which, however, did not play a dominant role in local reproductive dynamics. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of extreme isolation and progressive size reduction, S. herbacea has experienced an alteration of genetic characteristics produced by the prevalence of clonal growth over sexual reproduction. However, our results showed that the larger Apennine population has maintained levels of sexual reproduction enough to counteract a dramatic loss of genetic and clonal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Piotti
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - S Leonardi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - L Pasini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - I Spanu
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - G G Vendramin
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - M Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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10
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Thomas HJD, Myers‐Smith IH, Bjorkman AD, Elmendorf SC, Blok D, Cornelissen JHC, Forbes BC, Hollister RD, Normand S, Prevéy JS, Rixen C, Schaepman‐Strub G, Wilmking M, Wipf S, Cornwell WK, Kattge J, Goetz SJ, Guay KC, Alatalo JM, Anadon‐Rosell A, Angers‐Blondin S, Berner LT, Björk RG, Buchwal A, Buras A, Carbognani M, Christie K, Siegwart Collier L, Cooper EJ, Eskelinen A, Frei ER, Grau O, Grogan P, Hallinger M, Heijmans MMPD, Hermanutz L, Hudson JMG, Hülber K, Iturrate‐Garcia M, Iversen CM, Jaroszynska F, Johnstone JF, Kaarlejärvi E, Kulonen A, Lamarque LJ, Lévesque E, Little CJ, Michelsen A, Milbau A, Nabe‐Nielsen J, Nielsen SS, Ninot JM, Oberbauer SF, Olofsson J, Onipchenko VG, Petraglia A, Rumpf SB, Semenchuk PR, Soudzilovskaia NA, Spasojevic MJ, Speed JDM, Tape KD, te Beest M, Tomaselli M, Trant A, Treier UA, Venn S, Vowles T, Weijers S, Zamin T, Atkin OK, Bahn M, Blonder B, Campetella G, Cerabolini BEL, Chapin III FS, Dainese M, de Vries FT, Díaz S, Green W, Jackson RB, Manning P, Niinemets Ü, Ozinga WA, Peñuelas J, Reich PB, Schamp B, Sheremetev S, van Bodegom PM. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 2019; 28:78-95. [PMID: 31007605 PMCID: PMC6472633 DOI: 10.1111/geb.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically important plant traits. LOCATION Tundra biome. TIME PERIOD Data collected between 1964 and 2016. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED 295 tundra vascular plant species. METHODS We compiled a database of six plant traits (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, seed mass) for tundra species. We examined the variation in species-level trait expression explained by four traditional functional groups (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, graminoids, forbs), and whether variation explained was dependent upon the traits included in analysis. We further compared the explanatory power and species composition of functional groups to alternative classifications generated using post hoc clustering of species-level traits. RESULTS Traditional functional groups explained significant differences in trait expression, particularly amongst traits associated with resource economics, which were consistent across sites and at the biome scale. However, functional groups explained 19% of overall trait variation and poorly represented differences in traits associated with plant size. Post hoc classification of species did not correspond well with traditional functional groups, and explained twice as much variation in species-level trait expression. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Traditional functional groups only coarsely represent variation in well-measured traits within tundra plant communities, and better explain resource economic traits than size-related traits. We recommend caution when using functional group approaches to predict tundra vegetation change, or ecosystem functions relating to plant size, such as albedo or carbon storage. We argue that alternative classifications or direct use of specific plant traits could provide new insights for ecological prediction and modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. J. D. Thomas
- School of GeosciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | | | - A. D. Bjorkman
- School of GeosciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)FrankfurtGermany
| | - S. C. Elmendorf
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of ColoradoBoulderColorado
| | - D. Blok
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | | | - B. C. Forbes
- Arctic Centre, University of LaplandRovaniemiFinland
| | - R. D. Hollister
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State UniversityAllendaleMichigan
| | - S. Normand
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - J. S. Prevéy
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavosSwitzerland
| | - C. Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavosSwitzerland
| | - G. Schaepman‐Strub
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - M. Wilmking
- Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald UniversityGreifswaldGermany
| | - S. Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavosSwitzerland
| | - W. K. Cornwell
- School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - J. Kattge
- Max Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryJenaGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigGermany
| | - S. J. Goetz
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - K. C. Guay
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesBoothbayMaine
| | - J. M. Alatalo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | - A. Anadon‐Rosell
- Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald UniversityGreifswaldGermany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Biodiversity Research InstituteUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - L. T. Berner
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - R. G. Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
| | - A. Buchwal
- Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznanPoland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska AnchorageAnchorageAlaska
| | - A. Buras
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Wageningen University and Research, WageningenNetherlands
| | - M. Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - K. Christie
- The Alaska Department of Fish and GameJuneauAlaska
| | - L. Siegwart Collier
- Department of Biology, Memorial UniversitySt John’s, Newfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - E. J. Cooper
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - A. Eskelinen
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigGermany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZLeipzigGermany
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of OuluOuluFinland
| | - E. R. Frei
- Department of Geography, University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - O. Grau
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB‐UBBellaterraSpain
| | - P. Grogan
- Department of Biology, Queen's UniversityKingston, OntarioCanada
| | - M. Hallinger
- Biology Department, Swedish Agricultural University (SLU)UppsalaSweden
| | - M. M. P. D. Heijmans
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - L. Hermanutz
- Department of Biology, Memorial UniversitySt John’s, Newfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | | | - K. Hülber
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - M. Iturrate‐Garcia
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - C. M. Iversen
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee
| | | | - J. F. Johnstone
- Department of Biology, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada
| | - E. Kaarlejärvi
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - A. Kulonen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavosSwitzerland
- Department of Biology, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - L. J. Lamarque
- Département des Sciences de l'Environnement and Centres d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuebecCanada
| | - E. Lévesque
- Département des Sciences de l'Environnement and Centres d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuebecCanada
| | - C. J. Little
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & TechnologyDubendorfSwitzerland
| | - A. Michelsen
- Department of Biology, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - A. Milbau
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - J. Nabe‐Nielsen
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - S. S. Nielsen
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - J. M. Ninot
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Biodiversity Research InstituteUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - S. F. Oberbauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida
| | - J. Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - V. G. Onipchenko
- Department of Geobotany, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - A. Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - S. B. Rumpf
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - P. R. Semenchuk
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - N. A. Soudzilovskaia
- Environmental Biology, Department Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - M. J. Spasojevic
- Department of Biology, University of California RiversideRiversideCalifornia
| | - J. D. M. Speed
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - K. D. Tape
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of AlaskaFairbanksAlaska
| | - M. te Beest
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
- Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - M. Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - A. Trant
- Department of Biology, Memorial UniversitySt John’s, Newfoundland and LabradorCanada
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - U. A. Treier
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - S. Venn
- Research School of Biology, Australian National UniversityActon, ACTAustralia
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - T. Vowles
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - S. Weijers
- Department of Geography, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - T. Zamin
- Department of Biology, Queen's UniversityKingston, OntarioCanada
| | - O. K. Atkin
- Research School of Biology, Australian National UniversityActon, ACTAustralia
| | - M. Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - B. Blonder
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColorado
| | - G. Campetella
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine ‐ Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | | | - F. S. Chapin III
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of AlaskaFairbanksAlaska
| | - M. Dainese
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - F. T. de Vries
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - S. Díaz
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET and FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina
| | - W. Green
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - R. B. Jackson
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford UniversityStanford, California
| | - P. Manning
- Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)FrankfurtGermany
| | - Ü. Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia
| | - W. A. Ozinga
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - J. Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB‐UBBellaterraSpain
- CREAFCerdanyola del VallèsSpain
| | - P. B. Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MinneapolisMinnesota
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney UniversityPenrith, NSWAustralia
| | - B. Schamp
- Department of Biology, Algoma UniversitySault Ste. MarieOntarioCanada
| | | | - P. M. van Bodegom
- Environmental Biology, Department Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
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11
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Rogora M, Frate L, Carranza ML, Freppaz M, Stanisci A, Bertani I, Bottarin R, Brambilla A, Canullo R, Carbognani M, Cerrato C, Chelli S, Cremonese E, Cutini M, Di Musciano M, Erschbamer B, Godone D, Iocchi M, Isabellon M, Magnani A, Mazzola L, Morra di Cella U, Pauli H, Petey M, Petriccione B, Porro F, Psenner R, Rossetti G, Scotti A, Sommaruga R, Tappeiner U, Theurillat JP, Tomaselli M, Viglietti D, Viterbi R, Vittoz P, Winkler M, Matteucci G. Assessment of climate change effects on mountain ecosystems through a cross-site analysis in the Alps and Apennines. Sci Total Environ 2018; 624:1429-1442. [PMID: 29929254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mountain ecosystems are sensitive and reliable indicators of climate change. Long-term studies may be extremely useful in assessing the responses of high-elevation ecosystems to climate change and other anthropogenic drivers from a broad ecological perspective. Mountain research sites within the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) network are representative of various types of ecosystems and span a wide bioclimatic and elevational range. Here, we present a synthesis and a review of the main results from ecological studies in mountain ecosystems at 20 LTER sites in Italy, Switzerland and Austria covering in most cases more than two decades of observations. We analyzed a set of key climate parameters, such as temperature and snow cover duration, in relation to vascular plant species composition, plant traits, abundance patterns, pedoclimate, nutrient dynamics in soils and water, phenology and composition of freshwater biota. The overall results highlight the rapid response of mountain ecosystems to climate change, with site-specific characteristics and rates. As temperatures increased, vegetation cover in alpine and subalpine summits increased as well. Years with limited snow cover duration caused an increase in soil temperature and microbial biomass during the growing season. Effects on freshwater ecosystems were also observed, in terms of increases in solutes, decreases in nitrates and changes in plankton phenology and benthos communities. This work highlights the importance of comparing and integrating long-term ecological data collected in different ecosystems for a more comprehensive overview of the ecological effects of climate change. Nevertheless, there is a need for (i) adopting co-located monitoring site networks to improve our ability to obtain sound results from cross-site analysis, (ii) carrying out further studies, in particular short-term analyses with fine spatial and temporal resolutions to improve our understanding of responses to extreme events, and (iii) increasing comparability and standardizing protocols across networks to distinguish local patterns from global patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rogora
- CNR Institute of Ecosystem Study, Verbania Pallanza, Italy.
| | - L Frate
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - M L Carranza
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - M Freppaz
- DISAFA, NatRisk, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - A Stanisci
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - I Bertani
- Graham Sustainability Institute, University of Michigan, 625 E. Liberty St., Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - R Bottarin
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - A Brambilla
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Canullo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - M Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Cerrato
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy
| | - S Chelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - E Cremonese
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - M Cutini
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - M Di Musciano
- Department of Life Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - B Erschbamer
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany, Sternwartestr 15, A-6020 Insbruck, Austria
| | - D Godone
- CNR IRPI Geohazard Monitoring Group, Strada delle Cacce, 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - M Iocchi
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - M Isabellon
- DISAFA, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy; Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - A Magnani
- DISAFA, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - L Mazzola
- Sciences and Technologies for Environment and Resources, University of Parma, Italy
| | - U Morra di Cella
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - H Pauli
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences & Center for Global Change and Sustainability, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Silbergasse 30/3, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Petey
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - B Petriccione
- Carabinieri, Biodiversity and Park Protection Dpt., Roma, Italy
| | - F Porro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R Psenner
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy; Lake and Glacier Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr, 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Rossetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 33/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - A Scotti
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - R Sommaruga
- Lake and Glacier Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr, 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - U Tappeiner
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - J-P Theurillat
- Centre Alpien de Phytogéographie, Fondation J.-M. Aubert, 1938 Champex-Lac, Switzerland, & Section of Biology, University of Geneva, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland
| | - M Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Viglietti
- DISAFA, NatRisk, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - R Viterbi
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy
| | - P Vittoz
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Geopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Winkler
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences & Center for Global Change and Sustainability, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Silbergasse 30/3, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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12
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Choi HJ, Lim JS, Park EJ, Jung HJ, Lee YJ, Kwon TH, Cesar KR, Araujo M, de Braganca AC, Magaldi AJ, Freisinger W, Ditting T, Heinlein S, Schatz J, Veelken R, Burki R, Mohebbi N, Wang X, Serra A, Wagner C, Ditting T, Freisinger W, Rodionova K, Heinlein S, Schmieder R, Veelken R, Yano Y, Kudo LH, Magaldi AJ, Choi HJ, Yoon YJ, Lim JS, Hwang GS, Kwon TH, Jo CH, Kim S, Park JS, Lee CH, Kang CM, Kim GH, Kokeny G, Szoleczky P, Fang L, Rosivall L, Mozes MM, Freisinger W, Schatz J, Lampert A, Ditting T, Veelken R, Yano Y, Magaldi AJ, LEE WC, Wang YC, Chen JB, Santos C, Gomes AM, Ventura A, Almeida C, Seabra J, Daher E, Leite de Figueiredo P, Montenegro R, Montenegro R, Martins M, Bezerra da Silva G, Liborio A, Sromicki J, Matter S, Sitzmann K, Hess B, Lee J, Kim S, Lee JW, Oh YK, Na KY, Joo KW, Earm JH, Han JS, Ninchoji T, Kaito H, Nozu K, Hashimura Y, Nakanishi K, Yoshikawa N, Iijima K, Matsuo M, Gorini A, Addesse R, Comegna C, Galderisi C, Cecilia A, Tomaselli M, Di Lullo L, Polito P. Acid-base/Na, K, Cl. Experimental and clinical. Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Robyr P, Tomaselli M, Straka J, Grob-Pisano C, Suter U, Meier B, Ernst R. RF-driven and proton-driven NMR polarization transfer for investigating local order. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979500100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Degen CL, Lin Q, Hunkeler A, Meier U, Tomaselli M, Meier BH. Microscale localized spectroscopy with a magnetic resonance force microscope. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:207601. [PMID: 16090289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.207601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance force microscopy is combined with spin-echo spectroscopy to obtain spatially and spectrally resolved NMR signals of micrometer-scale objects. The experimental spatial resolution for the demonstration experiment on a sample consisting of Ba(ClO3)2.H2O and (NH4)2SO4 single crystals is 3.4 microm. The spectral resolution of 3.4 kHz is sample limited. Improvements in resolution and extensions of the method to more than one spatial dimension and to multidimensional spectroscopy are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Degen
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
The transfer of rotational to spin angular momentum of CH3 groups according to the Haupt effect is shown to be independent of magnetic field strength, including zero field. Haupt enhanced pulsed nuclear resonance signals of gamma-picoline have been observed at fields below 50 mT with a sensitivity enhancement of more than 3 orders of magnitude over thermally polarized experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomaselli
- Physical Chemistry, ETH-Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Robyr P, Tomaselli M, Grob-Pisano C, Meier BH, Ernst RR, Suter UW. Characterization of Local Order in Atactic Polystyrene Using Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Atomistic Simulations. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00119a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Tomaselli M, Meier BH, Riccò M, Shiroka T, Sartori A. A multiple-quantum nuclear magnetic resonance study of interstitial Li clusters in LixC60. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1377014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Zandomeneghi G, Tomaselli M, van Beek JD, Meier BH. Manipulation of the director in bicellar mesophases by sample spinning: a new tool for NMR spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:910-3. [PMID: 11456624 DOI: 10.1021/ja0019326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is shown that bicellar nematic liquid-crystalline phases can be oriented with the director (the normal to the bicellar plane) at an arbitrary angle to the applied magnetic field by sample rotation around one axis (variable-angle sample spinning) or around two axes successively (switched-angle spinning). This promises to open novel possibilities for NMR studies of bicelles and proteins incorporated into bicelles or dissolved in a solution containing bicelles, including the correlation of several orientations in a two-dimensional NMR experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zandomeneghi
- Contribution from the Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Centi G, Perathoner S, Vazzana F, Marella M, Tomaselli M, Mantegazza M. Novel catalysts and catalytic technologies for N2O removal from industrial emissions containing O2, H2O and SO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1093-0191(00)00032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Yarger JL, Wagberg T, Hone J, Gross BJ, Tomaselli M, Titman JJ, Zettl A, Mehring M. Electron spin density distribution in the polymer phase of CsC60: assignment of the NMR spectrum. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:717-720. [PMID: 11017355 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present high resolution 133Cs-13C double resonance NMR data and 13C-13C NMR correlation spectra of 13C enriched samples of the polymeric phase of CsC60. These data lead to a partial assignment of the lines in the 13C NMR spectrum of CsC60 to the carbon positions on the C60 molecule. A plausible completion of the assignment can be made on the basis of an ab initio calculation. The data support the view that the conduction electron density is concentrated at the C60 "equator," away from the interfullerene bonds.
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23
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Tomaselli M, Knecht DW, Holleman I, Meijer G, Meier BH. Evidence for orientational tunneling of CO intercalated in C[sub 60]: A nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1312866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Tomaselli M, Yarger JL, Bruchez M, Havlin RH, deGraw D, Pines A, Alivisatos AP. NMR study of InP quantum dots: Surface structure and size effects. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Giannangeli M, Cazzolla N, Luparini MR, Magnani M, Mabilia M, Picconi G, Tomaselli M, Baiocchi L. Effect of modifications of the alkylpiperazine moiety of trazodone on 5HT2A and alpha1 receptor binding affinity. J Med Chem 1999; 42:336-45. [PMID: 9986703 DOI: 10.1021/jm970700n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of triazolopyridine derivatives (compounds 2a-l) were synthesized in order to explore the effect of modifications of the alkylpiperazine moiety of trazodone (fragment A) on binding affinity for 5HT2A and alpha1 receptors. All of the synthesized compounds show a decrease of affinity for both 5HT2A and alpha1 receptors, as compared to trazodone, with the exception of compounds 2b,c which bear a methyl group in an alpha position to the aliphatic nitrogen atom N1. These compounds showed a decrease of affinity only for the alpha1 receptor. The stereochemical influence of the piperazine moiety of compound 2c was also evaluated. Enantiomer (S)-2c showed the most significant differences between 5HT2A and alpha1 receptor affinity (IC50 values) and among the corresponding functional properties (pA2 values). Since (S)-2c cannot generate the metabolite 4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine this product was selected for further pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giannangeli
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Neuropharmacology, Angelini Ricerche S.p.A., P.le della Stazione, 00040 S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rm), Italy
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26
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Robyr P, Utz M, Gan Z, Scheurer C, Tomaselli M, Suter UW, Ernst RR. Orientation of the Chemical Shielding Anisotropy Tensor of the Carbonate Carbon in Diphenyl Carbonate and Its Consequences for NMR Studies on Polycarbonate. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980446o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Robyr
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M. Utz
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Z. Gan
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C. Scheurer
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M. Tomaselli
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - U. W. Suter
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R. R. Ernst
- Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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27
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Abstract
Limitations of resolution and absorption in standard chemical spectroscopic techniques have made it difficult to study fluids in sedimentary rocks. In this paper, we show that a chemical characterization of pore fluids may be obtained in situ by magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which is normally used for solid samples. 1H MAS-NMR spectra of water and crude oil in Berea sandstone show sufficient chemical shift resolution for a straightforward determination of the oil/water ratio. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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28
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Heller J, Laws DD, Tomaselli M, King DS, Wemmer DE, Pines A, Havlin RH, Oldfield E. Determination of Dihedral Angles in Peptides through Experimental and Theoretical Studies of α-Carbon Chemical Shielding Tensors. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja970124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Heller
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - D. D. Laws
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - M. Tomaselli
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - D. S. King
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - D. E. Wemmer
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - A. Pines
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - R. H. Havlin
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - E. Oldfield
- Contribution from the Graduate Group in Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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Tomaselli M, Zehnder MM, Robyr P, Grob-Pisano C, Ernst RR, Suter UW. Local Conformations in the Glassy Polycarbonate of 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol-A). Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma961565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tomaselli
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M. M. Zehnder
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P. Robyr
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C. Grob-Pisano
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R. R. Ernst
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - U. W. Suter
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie and Departement Werkstoffe, Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Tomaselli M, Hediger S, Suter D, Ernst RR. Nuclear magnetic resonance polarization and coherence echoes in static and rotating solids. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is effective in the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory failure. However, the costs and financial balance between costs and diagnosis-related group (DRG) reimbursement for patients with moderate to severe respiratory failure treated with NPPV are unknown. We examined the costs and DRG reimbursement for 27 patients receiving Medicare referred with moderately severe respiratory failure for NPPV to the ventilator rehabilitation unit (VRU) at Temple University Hospital. This unit is one of four Health Care Financing Administration chronic ventilator-dependent demonstration sites that evaluates patients for NPPV, instructs them in home NPPV use, emphasizes rehabilitation, and uses strict cost accounting methods. Nineteen patients were treated with NPPV in the ICU and then referred to the VRU, and 8 patients were directly admitted for NPPV to the VRU. Patients were (mean +/- SE) 69 +/- 9 years age, 14 had severe COPD, and 13 had various restrictive disorders. All were hypercapneic at the time of hospital admission (restrictive 60 +/- 15; obstructive 67 +/- 3 mm Hg, PaCO2) with impaired lung mechanics and limited functional status. Patients averaged 8 +/- 15 days in the ICU, or 8 +/- 4.7 days on the medical floor prior to VRU transfer. The VRU length of stay averaged 20 +/- 18 days, for a total length of stay of 29 +/- 21 days. After implementation of NPPV, all patients had an improvement in gas exchange while spontaneously breathing and functional status that was maintained in follow-up. At 1 and 2 years of follow-up, 74% and 63% of patients were alive, respectively. Eleven patients were admitted with DRG 475 (respiratory system diagnosis with ventilator support); however, 16 of 27 patients were admitted across five different non-475 DRG codes with reimbursement rates ranging from $2,673 to $4,215. After DRG and outlier reimbursement, a total deficit of $261,948 remained (average deficit $9,701 per patient). However, individual patient deficits ranged from $1,113 to $32,892. Eighty-two percent of patients treated with NPPV incurred substantial financial losses that were underreimbursed across all assigned DRGs, including DRG 475, the highest-weighted DRG. We conclude that patients with moderate to severe respiratory failure receiving NPPV demonstrate an improvement in functional status and gas exchange that is maintained in follow-up. In addition, patients treated with NPPV incur high costs that are currently underreimbursed by the present DRG system. Newer DRG payment scales that recognize NPPV as specific treatment should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Criner
- Department of Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Tomaselli M, Schneider SM, Kankeleit E, Kühl T. Ground-state magnetization of 209Bi in a dynamic-correlation model. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1995; 51:2989-2997. [PMID: 9970399 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.51.2989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Tomaselli M, Meier B, Baldus M, Eisenegger J, Ernst R. An rf-driven nuclear spin-diffusion experiment using zero-angle sample spinning. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Administration of antibiotics by the inhalational route has become part of standard protocols for treatment of and prophylaxis for Pseudomonal pneumonias in patients with cystic fibrosis. For tobramycin, however, limited data are available on the aerosol absorption patterns, and no absolute bioavailability data for tobramycin exist. The purpose of this study was to measure the absolute bioavailability and systemic absorption characteristics of tobramycin when administered in high doses by a nebulizer. Multiple serum concentrations of tobramycin were measured after administration of an intravenous dose (mean, 2.9 mg/kg every 6 hours) and after an inhalational dose (5.6 mg/kg over 1 hour). Inhalational doses were superimposed over the "tail" of a steady-state intravenous dose to improve the sensitivity of the assay procedure (Abbott-TDX). Absolute bioavailability (F) was determined from AUC ratios normalized for dose. Model-independent pharmacokinetic parameters (volume of distribution [Vss] and total clearance [CLt]) were determined for each subject. Absorption characteristics (absorption rate constant [Ka] and mean absorption time [MAT]) were assessed after calculation of the cumulative fraction of drug absorbed, amount of bioavailable drug, and percent remaining to be absorbed per unit time using the Loo-Riegelman method. Three men and three women completed the study, and all received concurrent doses of ceftazidime. Mean absolute bioavailability (+/- standard deviation) was 9.13% (+/- 3.82), and the rate of absorption into the systemic circulation was consistent with a zero-order model profile for all subjects. Mean absorption time values reflected a wide degree of subject variability and ranged from approximately 15 to 150 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Cooney
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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Tomaselli M. Virtual particles versus superconductive vacuum polarizations in interacting systems. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 48:2290-2301. [PMID: 9969083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Pietravalle P, Morano S, Cristina G, Mancuso M, Valle E, Annulli MA, Tomaselli M, Pozzessere G, Di Mario U. Early complications in type 1 diabetes: central nervous system alterations preceded kidney abnormalities. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1993; 21:143-54. [PMID: 8269815 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(93)90062-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS), as discerned by neuroelectrophysiological studies, and an impaired, charge-related, differential filtration of protein at kidney level as evaluated by selective protein clearance, have recently been shown in diabetes of short duration and without any apparent complication. In order to explore the time of appearance and possible correlations, CNS and kidney abnormalities have been evaluated in parallel both in short-term and long-standing type 1 diabetic subjects. Two groups of patients were studied: Group 1 (no. 15), with no previously known clinical sign of complications and less than 5 years from diagnosis; Group 2 (no. 15) with more than 10 years of disease and with or without clinical signs of diabetic complications. Twenty age and sex comparable normal subjects were included in the study (Group 3). Short-latency multimodal evoked potentials (visual-VEP, brainstem auditory-BAEP, median and tibial somatosensory m- and t-SEP) and charge and/or size selective protein clearances (albumin, anionic immunoglobulins, neutral/cationic immunoglobulins) were evaluated. In Group 1, 27% of patients showed neurophysiological abnormalities (P < 0.05 vs. Group 3) while one showed proteinuria. In Group 2, 60% of patients showed electrophysiological changes (P < 0.0001 vs. Group 3) while 67% showed abnormal charge or size selective proteinuria (P < 0.0001 vs. controls) with a significant association between the abnormalities of CNS and of charge selective proteinuria (P < 0.05). Thus, CNS abnormalities may be detected even in patients with diabetes of short duration and are later associated with subclinical kidney abnormalities. These findings stress the value of the multimodal evoked potential evaluation as a sensitive and early diagnostic approach to the study of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pietravalle
- Clinica Medica 2 (Endocrinologia), University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Tomaselli M. Configuration mixing and electromagnetic properties of odd-even nuclei. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:349-363. [PMID: 9954445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Palfrey JS, Karniski W, Clarke S, Tomaselli M, Meltzer LJ, Levine MD. Health profiles of early adolescent delinquents. Public Health Rep 1983; 98:449-57. [PMID: 6414030 PMCID: PMC1424478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparison of the health status of 53 delinquent and 51 nondelinquent boys revealed that 57 percent of the delinquents, as compared with 20 percent of the nondelinquents, had experienced two or more serious adverse health events (such as hospitalization, loss of consciousness, or an automobile accident). Physical examinations revealed many more conditions requiring intervention in the delinquent than in the nondelinquent boys. Major differences in the two groups' use of health care were apparent: 34 percent of the delinquents either had no medical care or had used only the emergency room, as contrasted with only 8 percent of the nondelinquents. An overall health index that was used to compare the two groups remained statistically significant for a subset of 16 pairs matched on socioeconomic indicators. These results do not imply an etiological link between health status and delinquency, but they do suggest a strong de facto link. The recurrent hospitalizations of the delinquent boys, their substantial use of medications, and their episodic use of health care underscore the importance of an awareness on the part of public health personnel of this group's medical status and of the urgent need for adequately planning the health care of all youngsters in the juvenile justice system.
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