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Gol AK, Bodanki CS, Yadoji H, Reddy G, Reddy MV. Decompression of Paralabral Cyst near Axillary Nerve: A Case Report. J Orthop Case Rep 2023; 13:52-56. [PMID: 37753119 PMCID: PMC10519306 DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2023.v13.i09.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Paralabral cyst is benign fluid-filled lesion that occurs adjacent to glenoid labrum. Origin of the cyst can be traumatic or atraumatic. This cystic lesion can compress nearby axillary nerve or suprascapular nerve, resulting in shoulder pain and numbness. In this case report, we will discuss about anteroinferior paralabral cyst with axillary neuropathy in atraumatic condition. Case Report A 35-year-old male was admitted in our institute with complaining of numbness in the mid-part of the lateral arm and pain in the posterior aspect in the left shoulder for 2 weeks. The patient has on-and-off pain in the left shoulder on lifting weight. He had no history of trauma. X-ray was normal. On examination, tenderness presents over the dorsal aspect of shoulder and reduced sensations over deltoid muscle (regimen badge sign). Deltoid atrophy was noted. Range of motion was normal. On examination, cervical spine was normal, and reduced sensation over the lateral aspect of arm and deltoid atrophy was present. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows large multiloculated paralabral cyst caudal to inferior glenoid rim. The diagnosis was compressive axillary neuropathy which was confirmed by nerve condition study. Conclusion According to this case report, accurate early clinical examination and MRI evaluation are crucial in patients with atraumatic shoulder pain associated with neurological symptoms. On identification, cyst can be successfully decompressed by shoulder arthroscopy which can prevent axillary nerve damage, muscle denervation, and also recurrence of cyst can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K Gol
- Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Trinity Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Chandrasekhar S Bodanki
- Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Sunshine Hospital and Research Centre, Secundarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Harikrishna Yadoji
- Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Sunshine Hospital and Research Centre, Secundarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Guruva Reddy
- Department of Orthopedics, Sunshine Hospital and Research Centre, Secundarabad, Telangana, India
| | - M V Reddy
- Department of Orthopedics, Sunshine Hospital and Research Centre, Secundarabad, Telangana, India
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Palaniyandy N, Reddy MV, Mamba BB. Unveiling the electrochemistry effect on microsphere and nanorod morphology of NaSn2(PO4)3 anode for lithium/sodium batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yadoji HK, Bodanki C, Reddy MV, Reddy AVG. Arthroscopic Anterior Capsule Reconstruction Using Fascia Lata Autograft and Knotless Fibretak: A Case Report. J Orthop Case Rep 2022; 12:91-95. [PMID: 36660153 PMCID: PMC9826548 DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i05.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shoulder has multidirectional mobility with capsule and rotator cuff as stabilizers. Irreparable subscapularis tears are relatively uncommon. Anterior capsule reconstruction (ACR) is one of the different modalities of treatment for irreparable subscapularis tears. Anterior capsular reconstruction can be performed using hamstring autograft, tibialis anterior allograft, and human dermal allograft. Procedures using hamstring autograft and tibialis anterior allograft reported severe capsular deficiency, recurrent dislocation, and subluxations. Dermal allograft is routinely used for ACR anterior capsule reconstruction. But However, there are no reports of Fascia lata autograft being used for ACR anterior capsule reconstruction. As fascia lata is an autograft, it may have a better chance of healing than dermal allograft. Case Report A 60-year year-old male patient came with history of slip and fall at home 3 months ago and injured his left shoulder. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI is showing subscapularis tear retracted medial to glenoid and anterior supraspinatus tear with minimal retraction. The aim of this case report is to describe in detail the arthroscopic technique of ACR anterior capsule reconstruction using fascia lata autograft using the new knotless all suture anchors (fibereTak) on glenoid. Conclusion Fascia lata being an autograft may have better healing potential, but its superiority over dermal allografts in the setting of ACR anterior capsule reconstruction needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Yadoji
- Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India,Address of Correspondence: Dr. Hari Krishna Yadoji, Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad - 500 003, Telangana, India. E-mail:
| | - Chandrasekhar Bodanki
- Department of Arthroscopy and Shoulder Surgery, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M V Reddy
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - A V Gurava Reddy
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
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Kaliaperumal M, Dharanendrakumar MS, Prasanna S, Abhishek KV, Chidambaram RK, Adams S, Zaghib K, Reddy MV. Cause and Mitigation of Lithium-Ion Battery Failure-A Review. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:5676. [PMID: 34640071 PMCID: PMC8510069 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are seen as a viable option to meet the rising demand for energy storage. To meet this requirement, substantial research is being accomplished in battery materials as well as operational safety. LiBs are delicate and may fail if not handled properly. The failure modes and mechanisms for any system can be derived using different methodologies like failure mode effects analysis (FMEA) and failure mode methods effects analysis (FMMEA). FMMEA is used in this paper as it helps to identify the reliability of a system at the component level focusing on the physics causing the observed failures and should thus be superior to the more data-driven FMEA approach. Mitigation strategies in LiBs to overcome the failure modes can be categorized as intrinsic safety, additional protection devices, and fire inhibition and ventilation. Intrinsic safety involves modifications of materials in anode, cathode, and electrolyte. Additives added to the electrolyte enhance the properties assisting in the improvement of solid-electrolyte interphase and stability. Protection devices include vents, circuit breakers, fuses, current interrupt devices, and positive temperature coefficient devices. Battery thermal management is also a protection method to maintain the temperature below the threshold level, it includes air, liquid, and phase change material-based cooling. Fire identification at the preliminary stage and introducing fire suppressive additives is very critical. This review paper provides a brief overview of advancements in battery chemistries, relevant modes, methods, and mechanisms of potential failures, and finally the required mitigation strategies to overcome these failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukrishnan Kaliaperumal
- Automotive Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (M.S.D.); (S.P.); (K.V.A.)
| | - Milindar S. Dharanendrakumar
- Automotive Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (M.S.D.); (S.P.); (K.V.A.)
| | - Santosh Prasanna
- Automotive Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (M.S.D.); (S.P.); (K.V.A.)
| | - Kaginele V. Abhishek
- Automotive Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (M.S.D.); (S.P.); (K.V.A.)
| | - Ramesh Kumar Chidambaram
- Automotive Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (M.S.D.); (S.P.); (K.V.A.)
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore;
| | - Karim Zaghib
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Wong Building, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A OC5, Canada;
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Hydro-Quebec Institute of Research (IREQ), Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet Blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada
- Nouveau Monde Graphite, 995 Rue Wellington, Suite 240, Monteral, QC H3C 1V3, Canada
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Ramasubramanian B, Reddy MV, Zaghib K, Armand M, Ramakrishna S. Growth Mechanism of Micro/Nano Metal Dendrites and Cumulative Strategies for Countering Its Impacts in Metal Ion Batteries: A Review. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2476. [PMID: 34684917 PMCID: PMC8538702 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-ion batteries are capable of delivering high energy density with a longer lifespan. However, they are subject to several issues limiting their utilization. One critical impediment is the budding and extension of solid protuberances on the anodic surface, which hinders the cell functionalities. These protuberances expand continuously during the cyclic processes, extending through the separator sheath and leading to electrical shorting. The progression of a protrusion relies on a number of in situ and ex situ factors that can be evaluated theoretically through modeling or via laboratory experimentation. However, it is essential to identify the dynamics and mechanism of protrusion outgrowth. This review article explores recent advances in alleviating metal dendrites in battery systems, specifically alkali metals. In detail, we address the challenges associated with battery breakdown, including the underlying mechanism of dendrite generation and swelling. We discuss the feasible solutions to mitigate the dendrites, as well as their pros and cons, highlighting future research directions. It is of great importance to analyze dendrite suppression within a pragmatic framework with synergy in order to discover a unique solution to ensure the viability of present (Li) and future-generation batteries (Na and K) for commercial use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Institute of Research Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet Blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada
| | - Karim Zaghib
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Wong Building, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A OC5, Canada;
| | - Michel Armand
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Armer CF, Lübke M, Johnson I, McColl K, Cora F, Yeoh JS, Reddy MV, Darr JA, Li X, Lowe A. Enhanced electrochemical performance of electrospun V2O5 fibres doped with redox-inactive metals. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abhilash KP, Selvin PC, Nalini B, Xia H, Adams S, Reddy MV. Electrochemical Analysis of the Carbon-Encapsulated Lithium Iron Phosphate Nanochains and Their High-Temperature Conductivity Profiles. ACS Omega 2018; 3:6446-6455. [PMID: 31458825 PMCID: PMC6644569 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-encapsulated LiFePO4 (LFP) nanochains were prepared as a cathode material for lithium batteries by sol-gel method using citric acid as the carbon source. The prepared LFP/C material is characterized by structural, morphological, and electrochemical characterization. LFP/C shows an orthorhombic olivine structure with "Pnma" space group having an average particle size of 50 nm. The uniform distribution of LFP particles coated by the carbon matrix as a nanochain array has been analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the sample. The electrochemical performance of the LFP/C nanochain has been analyzed using galvanostatic cycling, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance analysis of the assembled batteries. The sol-gel-derived LFP/C nanochain exhibits better capacity and electrochemical reversibility in line with the literature results. The high-temperature conductivity profile of the sample has been recorded from room temperature to 473 K using impedance analysis of the sample. The transport dynamics have been analyzed using the dielectric and modulus spectra of the sample. A maximum conductivity up to 6.74 × 10-4 S cm-1 has been obtained for the samples at higher temperature (448 K). The nucleation and growth at higher temperature act as factors to facilitate the intermediate phase existence in the LiFePO4 sample in which the phase change that occurs above 400 K gives irreversible electrochemical changes in the LFP/C samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. P. Abhilash
- Department
of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Herbert Gleiter
Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University
of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | | | - B. Nalini
- Department
of Physics, Avinashilingam University for
Women, Coimbatore 642043, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Herbert Gleiter
Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University
of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department
of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department
of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
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8
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Kumar PS, Ayyasamy S, Tok ES, Adams S, Reddy MV. Impact of Electrical Conductivity on the Electrochemical Performances of Layered Structure Lithium Trivanadate (LiV 3-x M x O 8, M= Zn/Co/Fe/Sn/Ti/Zr/Nb/Mo, x = 0.01-0.1) as Cathode Materials for Energy Storage. ACS Omega 2018; 3:3036-3044. [PMID: 30023857 PMCID: PMC6044918 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pristine trivanadate (LiV3O8) and doped lithium trivanadate (LiV3-x M x O8, M = Zn/Co/Fe/Sn/Ti/Zr/Nb/Mo, x = 0.01/0.05/0.1 M) compounds were prepared by a simple reflux method in the presence of the polymer, Pluronic P123, as the chelating agent. For comparison, pristine LiV3O8 alone was also prepared in the absence of the chelating agent. The Rietveld-refined X-ray diffraction patterns shows all compounds to exist in the layered monoclinic LiV3O8 phase belonging to the space group of P21/m. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows the particles to exhibit layers of submicron-sized particles. The electrochemical performances of the coin cells were compared at a current density of 30 mA/g in the voltage window of 2-4 V. The cells made with compounds LiV2.99Zr0.01O8 and LiV2.95Sn0.05O8 show a high discharge capacity of 245 ± 5 mA h/g, with an excellent stability of 98% at the end of the 50th cycle. The second cycle discharge capacity of 398 mA h/g was obtained for the compound LiV2.99Fe0.01O8, and its capacity retention was found to be 58% after 50 cycles. The electrochemical performances of the cells were correlated with the electrical properties and the changes in the structural parameters of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Senthil Kumar
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117 542, Singapore
- Department
of Physics, Karunya University, Coimbatore 641 114, Tamilnadu, India
- Department
of Physics, KPR Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Coimbatore 641 407, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sakunthala Ayyasamy
- Department
of Physics, Karunya University, Coimbatore 641 114, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Eng Soon Tok
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117 542, Singapore
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117 542, Singapore
- Department
of Physics, KPR Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Coimbatore 641 407, Tamilnadu, India
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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Ali GAM, Divyashree A, Supriya S, Chong KF, Ethiraj AS, Reddy MV, Algarni H, Hegde G. Carbon nanospheres derived from Lablab purpureus for high performance supercapacitor electrodes: a green approach. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:14034-14044. [PMID: 28979958 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02392h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanospheres derived from a natural source using a green approach were reported. Lablab purpureus seeds were pyrolyzed at different temperatures to produce carbon nanospheres for supercapacitor electrode materials. The synthesized carbon nanospheres were analyzed using SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA, Raman spectroscopy, BET and XRD. They were later fabricated into electrodes for cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy testing. The specific capacitances were found to be 300, 265 and 175 F g-1 in 5 M KOH electrolyte for carbon nanospheres synthesized at 800, 700 and 500 °C, respectively. These are on a par with those of prior electrodes made of biologically derived carbon nanospheres but the cycle lives were remarkably higher than those of any previous efforts. The electrodes showed 94% capacitance retention even after 5200 charge/discharge cycles entailing excellent recycling durability. In addition, the practical symmetrical supercapacitor showed good electrochemical behaviour under a potential window up to 1.7 V. This brings us one step closer to fabricating a commercial green electrode which exhibits high performance for supercapacitors. This is also a waste to wealth approach based carbon material for cost effective supercapacitors with high performance for power storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomaa A M Ali
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Kuantan, Malaysia
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Reddy MV, Eachempati K, Gurava Reddy AV, Mugalur A. Error Analysis: How Precise is Fused Deposition Modeling in Fabrication of Bone Models in Comparison to the Parent Bones? Indian J Orthop 2018; 52:196-201. [PMID: 29576649 PMCID: PMC5858215 DOI: 10.4103/ortho.ijortho_312_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid prototyping (RP) is used widely in dental and faciomaxillary surgery with anecdotal uses in orthopedics. The purview of RP in orthopedics is vast. However, there is no error analysis reported in the literature on bone models generated using office-based RP. This study evaluates the accuracy of fused deposition modeling (FDM) using standard tessellation language (STL) files and errors generated during the fabrication of bone models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine dry bones were selected and were computed tomography (CT) scanned. STL files were procured from the CT scans and three-dimensional (3D) models of the bones were printed using our in-house FDM based 3D printer using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) filament. Measurements were made on the bone and 3D models according to data collection procedures for forensic skeletal material. Statistical analysis was performed to establish interobserver co-relation for measurements on dry bones and the 3D bone models. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 13.0 software to analyze the collected data. RESULTS The inter-observer reliability was established using intra-class coefficient for both the dry bones and the 3D models. The mean of absolute difference is 0.4 that is very minimal. The 3D models are comparable to the dry bones. CONCLUSIONS STL file dependent FDM using ABS material produces near-anatomical 3D models. The high 3D accuracy hold a promise in the clinical scenario for preoperative planning, mock surgery, and choice of implants and prostheses, especially in complicated acetabular trauma and complex hip surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Reddy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sunshine Hospitals, Secunderabad, India
| | | | - A V Gurava Reddy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sunshine Hospitals, Secunderabad, India
| | - Aakash Mugalur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Narayani Hospital and Research Centre, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Aakash Mugalur, Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Narayani Hospital and Research Centre, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
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Maseed H, Petnikota S, Srikanth VVSS, Srinivasan M, B. V. R. C, Reddy MV, Adams S. Fe2Mo3O8/exfoliated graphene oxide: solid-state synthesis, characterization and anodic application in Li-ion batteries. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An Fe2Mo3O8/exfoliated graphene oxide (EG) composite with unique morphology is synthesized by a novel solid-state reduction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussen Maseed
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Shaikshavali Petnikota
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Singapore
| | | | - Madhavi Srinivasan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Chowdari B. V. R.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Singapore
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics & Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department of Physics & Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
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12
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Zhou J, Reddy MV, Wilson BKJ, Blair DA, Taha A, Frampton CM, Eiholzer RA, Gan PYC, Ziad F, Thotathil Z, Kirs S, Hung NA, Royds JA, Slatter TL. MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 39:252-259. [PMID: 29191871 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In glioblastoma, tumor-associated macrophages have tumor-promoting properties. This study determined whether routine MR imaging features could predict molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that differ in the content of tumor-associated macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven internally derived MR imaging features were assessed in 180 patients, and 25 features from the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images feature set were assessed in 164 patients. Glioblastomas were divided into subtypes based on the telomere maintenance mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres positive (ALT+) and negative (ALT-) and the content of tumor-associated macrophages (with [M+] or without [M-] a high content of macrophages). The 3 most frequent subtypes (ALT+/M-, ALT-/M+, and ALT-/M-) were correlated with MR imaging features and clinical parameters. The fourth group (ALT+/M+) did not have enough cases for correlation with MR imaging features. RESULTS Tumors with a regular margin and those lacking a fungating margin, an expansive T1/FLAIR ratio, and reduced ependymal extension were more frequent in the subgroup of ALT+/M- (P < .05). Radiologic necrosis, lack of cystic component (by both criteria), and extensive peritumoral edema were more frequent in ALT-/M+ tumors (P < .05). Multivariate testing with a Cox regression analysis found the cystic imaging feature was additive to tumor subtype, and O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) status to predict improved patient survival (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Glioblastomas with tumor-associated macrophages are associated with routine MR imaging features consistent with these tumors being more aggressive. Inclusion of cystic change with molecular subtypes and MGMT status provided a better estimate of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.) .,Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)
| | - M V Reddy
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.)
| | - B K J Wilson
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.)
| | | | - A Taha
- Neurosurgery (A.T.), Southern District Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Surgical Sciences (A.T., S.K.), Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - C M Frampton
- Department of Medicine (C.M.F.), University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R A Eiholzer
- Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)
| | | | | | - Z Thotathil
- Medical Oncology (Z.T.), Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - S Kirs
- Surgical Sciences (A.T., S.K.), Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - N A Hung
- Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)
| | - J A Royds
- Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)
| | - T L Slatter
- Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)
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Tan TQ, Osman RAM, Reddy MV, Khor SF, Idris MS. Structure and electrochemical properties of Zn and Co dual-doped (Li 2Co 1-xZn xMn 3O 8) as cathode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201716201053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Azarniya A, Sovizi S, Azarniya A, Rahmani Taji Boyuk MR, Varol T, Nithyadharseni P, Madaah Hosseini HR, Ramakrishna S, Reddy MV. Physicomechanical properties of spark plasma sintered carbon nanotube-containing ceramic matrix nanocomposites. Nanoscale 2017; 9:12779-12820. [PMID: 28832057 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01878a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a wide variety of research works have focused on carbon nanotube (CNT)-ceramic matrix nanocomposites. In many cases, these novel materials are produced through conventional powder metallurgy methods including hot pressing, conventional sintering, and hot isostatic pressing. However, spark plasma sintering (SPS) as a novel and efficient consolidation technique is exploited for the full densification of high-temperature ceramic systems. In these binary nanocomposites, CNTs are added to ceramic matrices to noticeably modify their inferior properties and SPS is employed to produce fully dense compacts. In this review, a broad overview of these systems is provided and the potential influences of CNTs on their functional and structural properties are addressed. The technical challenges are then mentioned and the ongoing debates over overcoming these drawbacks are fully highlighted. The structural classification used is material-oriented. It helps the readers to easily find the material systems of interest. The SPSed CNT-containing ceramic matrix nanocomposites are generally categorized into four main classes: CNT-oxide systems; CNT-nitride systems, CNT-carbide systems, and CNT-boride systems. A large number of original curves and bubble maps are provided to fully summarize the experimental results reported in the literature. They pave the way for obviously selecting the ceramic systems required for each industrial application. The properties in consideration include the relative density, hardness, yield strength, fracture toughness, electrical and thermal conductivities, modulus, and flexural strength. These unique graphs facilitate the comparison between reported results and help the reader to easily distinguish the best method for producing the ceramic systems of interest and the optimal conditions under which the superior properties can be reached. The authors have concentrated on the microstructure evolution-physicomechanical property relationship and tried to relate each property to pertinent microstructural phenomena and address why the properties are degraded or enhanced with the variation of SPS conditions or material parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Azarniya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Azadi Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Petnikota S, Teo KW, Chen L, Sim A, Marka SK, Reddy MV, Srikanth VVSS, Adams S, Chowdari BVR. Exfoliated Graphene Oxide/MoO2 Composites as Anode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Insight into Intercalation of Li and Conversion Mechanism of MoO2. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:10884-96. [PMID: 27057928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exfoliated graphene oxide (EG)/MoO2 composites are synthesized by a simple solid-state graphenothermal reduction method. Graphene oxide (GO) is used as a reducing agent to reduce MoO3 and as a source for EG. The formation of different submicron sized morphologies such as spheres, rods, flowers, etc., of monoclinic MoO2 on EG surfaces is confirmed by complementary characterization techniques. As-synthesized EG/MoO2 composite with a higher weight percentage of EG performed excellently as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries. The galvanostatic cycling studies aided with postcycling cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic intermittent titrations followed by ex situ structural studies clearly indicate that Li intercalation into MoO2 is transformed into conversion upon aging at low current densities while intercalation mechanism is preferably taking place at higher current rates. The intercalation mechanism is found to be promising for steady-state capacity throughout the cycling because of excess graphene and higher current density even in the operating voltage window of 0.005-3.0 V in which MoO2 undergoes conversion below 0.8 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikshavali Petnikota
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Keefe Wayne Teo
- NUS High School of Mathematics and Science , 20 Clementi Avenue 1, Singapore 129957, Singapore
| | - Luo Chen
- NUS High School of Mathematics and Science , 20 Clementi Avenue 1, Singapore 129957, Singapore
| | - Amos Sim
- NUS High School of Mathematics and Science , 20 Clementi Avenue 1, Singapore 129957, Singapore
| | - Sandeep Kumar Marka
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - V V S S Srikanth
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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17
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Senthil Kumar P, Sakunthala A, Govindan K, Reddy MV, Prabu M. Single crystalline TiO2 nanorods as effective fillers for lithium ion conducting PVdF-HFP based composite polymer electrolytes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PVdF-HFP based composite electrolytes were prepared with single crystalline TiO2 nanorods (PT) and commercial TiO2 submicrons (PTC) as fillers. The effect of size/shape of the fillers on the properties of polymer electrolytes were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Sakunthala
- Department of Physics
- Karunya University
- Coimbatore 641 114
- India
| | - K. Govindan
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials and Green Technologies
- Dept. of Chem. Eng
- Amrita University
- Coimbatore – 641 112
- India
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117 542
| | - M. Prabu
- Advanced Ceramics
- University of Bremen
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
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18
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Marka SK, Petnikota S, Srikanth VVSS, Reddy MV, Adams S, Chowdari BVR. Co2Mo3O8/reduced graphene oxide composite: synthesis, characterization, and its role as a prospective anode material in lithium ion batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Easy solid state synthesis of Co2Mo3O8/reduced graphene oxide composite which exhibited a very high specific capacity (∼954 mA h g−1) when tested as an anode material in lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K. Marka
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology (SEST)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
- Department of Physics
| | - Shaikshavali Petnikota
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology (SEST)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
- Department of Physics
| | - Vadali V. S. S. Srikanth
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology (SEST)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Singapore
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19
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Petnikota S, Rotte NK, Reddy MV, Srikanth VVSS, Chowdari BVR. MgO-decorated few-layered graphene as an anode for li-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:2301-2309. [PMID: 25559260 DOI: 10.1021/am5064712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Combustion of magnesium in dry ice and a simple subsequent acid treatment step resulted in a MgO-decorated few-layered graphene (FLG) composite that has a specific surface area of 393 m(2)/g and an average pore volume of 0.9 cm(3)/g. As an anode material in Li-ion batteries, the composite exhibited high reversible capacity and excellent cyclic performance in spite of high first-cycle irreversible capacity loss. A reversible capacity as high as 1052 mAh/g was measured during the first cycle. Even at the end of the 60th cycle, more than 83% of the capacity could be retained. Cyclic voltammetry results indicated pseudocapacitance behavior due to electrochemical absorption and desorption of lithium ions onto graphene. An increase in the capacity has been observed during long-term cycling owing to electrochemical exfoliation of graphene sheets. Owing to its good thermal stability and superior cyclic performance with high reversible capacities, MgO-decked FLG can be an excellent alternative to graphite as an anode material in Li-ion batteries, after suitable modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikshavali Petnikota
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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20
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Reddy MV, Sharma N, Adams S, Rao RP, Peterson VK, Chowdari BVR. Evaluation of undoped and M-doped TiO2, where M = Sn, Fe, Ni/Nb, Zr, V, and Mn, for lithium-ion battery applications prepared by the molten-salt method. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00206k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bare and Fe, Zr, Sn, Mn, V and Ni/Nb doped TiO2 prepared by the molten salt method, amongst these the Zr-doped sample exhibited a stable reversible capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Reddy
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney 2052
- Australia
| | - Stefan Adams
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - R. Prasada Rao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Vanessa K. Peterson
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
- Kirrawee DC 2232
- Australia
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
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21
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Hameed AS, Reddy MV, Sarkar N, Chowdari BVR, Vittal JJ. Synthesis and electrochemical investigation of novel phosphite based layered cathodes for Li-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible lithium storage has been demonstrated in novel phosphite containing cathode materials, A2[(VO)2(HPO3)2(C2O4)]; A = Li, Na and K.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Shahul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Advanced Batteries Lab
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Nirjhar Sarkar
- Advanced Batteries Lab
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Advanced Batteries Lab
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
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Abstract
MnO2 compounds prepared by a molten salt method (MSM) using three different Mn-salts and studied for its electrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Nithyadharseni
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- National University of Singapore
| | - Ho Fanny
- River Valley High School of Singapore
- Singapore 649961
| | - S. Adams
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117546
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
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Das B, Reddy MV, Tripathy S, Chowdari BVR. A disc-like Mo-metal cluster compound, Co2Mo3O8, as a high capacity anode for lithium ion batteries. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05620e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Hameed AS, Bahiraei H, Reddy MV, Shoushtari MZ, Vittal JJ, Ong CK, Chowdari BVR. Lithium storage properties of pristine and (Mg, Cu) codoped ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:10744-10753. [PMID: 24912014 DOI: 10.1021/am502605s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ZnFe2O4 and MgxCu0.2Zn0.82-xFe1.98O4 (where x = 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40) nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel assisted combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area studies were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. ZnFe2O4 and the doped compounds crystallize in Fd3m space group. The lattice parameter of ZnFe2O4 is calculated to be a = 8.448(3) Å, while the doped compounds show a slight decrease in the lattice parameter with an increase in the Mg content. The particle size of all the compositions are in the range of ∼50-80 nm, and the surface area of the compounds are in the range of 11-12 m(2) g(-1). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies were used to investigate the electrochemical properties of the different compositions. The as-synthesized samples at 600 °C show large-capacity fading, while the samples reheated at 800 °C show better cycling stability. ZnFe2O4 exhibits a high reversible capacity of 575 mAh g(-1) after 60 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g(-1). Mg0.2Cu0.2Zn0.62Fe1.98O4 shows a similar capacity of 576 mAh g(-1) after 60 cycles with better capacity retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shahul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543
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25
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Goh BM, Wang Y, Reddy MV, Ding YL, Lu L, Bunker C, Loh KP. Filling the voids of graphene foam with graphene "eggshell" for improved lithium-ion storage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:9835-9841. [PMID: 24857682 DOI: 10.1021/am5022655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly porous, N-doped graphene foam is synthesized by chemical vapor deposition process on nickel foam. The voids of the graphene foam can be filled with curved graphene sheets by impregnating the nickel foam template with micrometer-sized nickel powder. Subsequent etching of nickel produces a graphene "eggshells"-in-graphene foam structure. The reversible capacity of such graphene foam when used as anode in lithium ion battery is improved by the presence of graphene "eggshells", as compared to the unfilled foam. The improvement is attributed to the higher rate of lithium diffusion, better buffering of strain associated with lithiation/delithiation and higher volumetric energy density of the unique eggshell-in-graphene foam structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee-Min Goh
- Department of Chemistry, Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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26
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Wu Y, Zhu P, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR, Ramakrishna S. Maghemite nanoparticles on electrospun CNFs template as prospective lithium-ion battery anode. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:1951-1958. [PMID: 24383672 DOI: 10.1021/am404939q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were uniformly coated on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by a hybrid synthesis procedure combining an electrospinning technique and hydrothermal method. Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers fabricated by the electrospinning technique serve as a robust support for iron oxide precursors during the hydrothermal process and successfully limit the aggregation of nanoparticles at the following carbonization step. The best materials were optimized under a carbonization condition of 600 °C for 12 h. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy studies confirm the formation of a maghemite structure standing on the surface of CNFs. The average size of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles is below 100 nm, whereas CNFs are ∼150 nm in diameter. In comparison with aggregated bare iron oxide nanoparticles, the as-prepared carbon-maghemite nanofibers exhibit a higher surface area and greatly improved electrochemical performance (>830 mAh g(-1) at 50 mA g(-1) for 40 cycles and high rate capacity up to 5 A g(-1) in the voltage range of 0.005-3 V vs Li). The greatly enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the unique one-dimensional nanostructure and the limited aggregation of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Wu
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS) , Singapore 119260
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27
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Reddy MV, Prithvi G, Loh KP, Chowdari BVR. Li storage and impedance spectroscopy studies on Co3O4, CoO, and CoN for Li-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:680-690. [PMID: 24325322 DOI: 10.1021/am4047552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The compounds, CoN, CoO, and Co3O4 were prepared in the form of nano-rod/particles and we investigated the Li-cycling properties, and their use as an anode material. The urea combustion method, nitridation, and carbothermal reduction methods were adopted to prepare Co3O4, CoN, and CoO, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface and density methods were used to characterise the materials. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed and galvanostatic cycling tests were also conducted up to 60-70 cycles. The observed reversible capacity of all compounds is of the increasing order CoO, Co3O4, CoN and all compounds showed negligible capacity fading. CoO allows for Li2O and Co metal to form during the discharge cycle, allowing for a high theoretical capacity of 715 mA h g(-1). Co3O4 allows for 4 Li2O and 3Co to form, and has a theoretical capacity of 890 mAhg(-1). CoN is the best anode material of the three because the nitrogen allows for Li3N and Co to form, resulting in an even higher theoretical capacity of 1100 mAhg(-1) due to the Li3N and Co metal formation. Irrespective of morphology the charge profiles of all three compounds showed a major plateaux ~2.0 V vs. Li and potential values are almost unchanged irrespective of crystal structure. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed to understand variation resistance and capacitance values.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Reddy
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics & Advanced Batteries Lab, §Department of Chemistry, Graphene Research Center, and ⊥Departments of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117542
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Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide-wrapped magnetite nanocomposites obtained by a simple precipitation and freeze drying method exhibit stable and high reversible lithium storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Shahul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - M. V. Reddy
- Advanced Batteries Lab
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Advanced Batteries Lab
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
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Zhao X, Reddy MV, Liu H, Subba Rao GV, Chowdari BVR. Layered Li(Ni0.2Mn0.2Co0.6)O2 synthesized by a molten salt method for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45484c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Du G, Winton BR, Hashim IM, Sharma N, Konstantinov K, Reddy MV, Guo Z. Mass production of Li4Ti5O12 with a conductive network via in situ spray pyrolysis as a long cycle life, high rate anode material for lithium ion batteries. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12 was synthesized by an in situ spray pyrolysis technique followed by heat treatment in N2 for short periods of time, resulting in self-contained carbon originating from the organic synthetic precursors. The excellent high rate capability and full battery tests indicate that this is a promising 4 anode candidate for high power lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Du
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- University of Wollongong
- , Australia
| | - Brad R. Winton
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- University of Wollongong
- , Australia
| | - Israa M. Hashim
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- University of Wollongong
- , Australia
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | | | - M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics
- National University of Singapore
- , Singapore
| | - Zaiping Guo
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- University of Wollongong
- , Australia
- School of Mechanical
- Materials and Mechatronic Engineering
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Petnikota S, Rotte NK, Srikanth VVSS, Kota BSR, Reddy MV, Loh KP, Chowdari BVR. Electrochemical studies of few-layered graphene as an anode material for Li ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wu Y, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR, Ramakrishna S. Long-term cycling studies on electrospun carbon nanofibers as anode material for lithium ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:12175-84. [PMID: 24171411 DOI: 10.1021/am404216j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNF) have been prepared at different calcination temperatures for a prolonged time (12 h) derived from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes. They are studied as anode materials in lithium ion batteries due to their high reversible capacity, improved long-term cycle performance, and good rate capacity. The fibrous morphologies of fresh electrodes and tested samples for more than 550 cycles have been compared; cyclic voltammogram (CV) has also been studied to understand the lithium intercalation/deintercalation mechanism of 1D nanomaterials. CNFs demonstrate interesting galvanostatic performance with fading capacity after the first few cycles, and the capacity increases during long-term cycling. The increasing capacity is observed accompanied by volumetric expansion on the nanofibers' edge. Results of rate capacity have also been explored for all CNF samples, and their stable electrochemical performances are further analyzed by the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CNF carbonized at 800 °C is found to have a larger lithium ion storage ability and better cyclic stability than that carbonized at 600 and 1000 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Wu
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS) , Singapore 119260
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Cherian CT, Sundaramurthy J, Reddy MV, Suresh Kumar P, Mani K, Pliszka D, Sow CH, Ramakrishna S, Chowdari BVR. Morphologically robust NiFe2O4 nanofibers as high capacity Li-ion battery anode material. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:9957-9963. [PMID: 24099146 DOI: 10.1021/am401779p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the electrochemical performance of NiFe2O4 nanofibers synthesized by an electrospinning approach have been discussed in detail. Lithium storage properties of nanofibers are evaluated and compared with NiFe2O4 nanoparticles by galvanostatic cycling and cyclic voltammetry studies, both in half-cell configurations. Nanofibers exhibit a higher charge-storage capacity of 1000 mAh g(-1) even after 100 cycles with high Coulmbic efficiency of 100% between 10 and 100 cycles. Ex situ microscopy studies confirmed that cycled nanofiber electrodes maintained the morphology and remained intact even after 100 charge-discharge cycles. The NiFe2O4 nanofiber electrode does not experience any structural stress and eventual pulverisation during lithium cycling and hence provides an efficient electron conducting pathway. The excellent electrochemical performance of NiFe2O4 nanofibers is due to the unique porous morphology of continuous nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Thomas Cherian
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551
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Reddy MV, Wen BLW, Loh KP, Chowdari BVR. Energy storage studies on InVO4 as high performance anode material for Li-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:7777-7785. [PMID: 23869790 DOI: 10.1021/am401501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
InVO4 has attracted much attention as an anode material due to its high theoretical capacity. However, the effect of preparation methods and conditions on morphology and energy storage characteristic has not been extensively investigated and will be explored in this project. InVO4 anode material was prepared using five different preparation methods: solid state, urea combustion, precipitation, ball-milling, and polymer precursor methods. Morphology and physical properties of InVO4 were then analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area method. XRD patterns showed that orthorhombic phased InVO4 was synthesized. Small amounts of impurities were observed in methods II, III, and V using XRD patterns. BET surface area ranged from 0.49 to 9.28 m(2) g(-1). SEM images showed slight differences in the InVO4 nanosized crystalline structures with respect to preparation methods and conditions. Energy storage studies showed that, among all the preparation methods, the urea combustion method produced the best electrochemical results, with negligible capacity fading between the 2nd and 50th cycles and high capacity of 1241 mA h g(-1) at the end of the 20th cycle, close to the theoretical capacity value. Precipitation method also showed good performance, with capacity fading (14%) and capacity of 1002 mA h g(-1) at the 20th cycle. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was then used to determine the reaction mechanisms of InVO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Reddy
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics/Advanced Batteries Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542.
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Cherian CT, Zheng M, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR, Sow CH. Zn2SnO4 nanowires versus nanoplates: electrochemical performance and morphological evolution during Li-cycling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:6054-60. [PMID: 23738585 DOI: 10.1021/am400802j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Zn2SnO4 nanowires have been synthesized directly on stainless steel substrate without any buffer layers by the vapor transport method. The structural and morphological properties are investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance of Zn2SnO4 nanowires is examined by galvanostatic cycling and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in two different voltage windows, 0.005-3 and 0.005-1.5 V vs Li and compared to that of Zn2SnO4 nanoplates prepared by hydrothermal method. Galvanostatic cycling studies of Zn2SnO4 nanowires in the voltage range 0.005-3 V, at a current of 120 mA g(-1), show a reversible capacity of 1000 (±5) mAh g(-1) with almost stable capacity for first 10 cycles, which thereafter fades to 695 mAh g(-1) by 60 cycles. Upon cycling in the voltage range 0.005-1.5 V vs Li, a stable, reversible capacity of 680 (±5) mAh g(-1) is observed for first 10 cycles with a capacity retention of 58% between 10-50 cycles. On the other hand, Zn2SnO4 nanoplates show drastic capacity fading up to 10 cycles and then showed a capacity retention of 80% and 70% between 10 and 50 cycles when cycled in the voltage range 0.005-1.5 and 0.005-3 V, respectively. The structural and morphological evolutions during cycling and their implications on the Li-cycling behavior of Zn2SnO4 nanowires are examined. The effect of the choice of voltage range and initial morphology of the active material on the Li-cycleabilty is also elucidated.
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Reddy MV, Yu C, Jiahuan F, Loh KP, Chowdari BVR. Li-cycling properties of molten salt method prepared nano/submicrometer and micrometer-sized CuO for lithium batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:4361-4366. [PMID: 23621356 DOI: 10.1021/am400579q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of CuO material by molten salt method at a temperature range, 280 to 950 °C for 3 h in air. This report includes studies on the effect of morphology, crystal structure and electrochemical properties of CuO prepared at different temperatures. Obtained CuO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area methods. Samples prepared at ≥410 °C showed a single-phase material with a lattice parameter value of a = 4.69 Å, b = 3.43 Å, c = 5.13 Å and surface area values are in the range 1.0-17.0 m(2) g(-1). Electrochemical properties were evaluated via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic cycling studies. CV studies showed a minor difference in the peak potentials depending on preparation temperature and all compounds exhibit a main anodic peak at ~2.45 V and cathodic peaks at ~0.85 V and ~1.25 V vs Li. CuO prepared at 750 °C showed high and stable capacity of ~620 mA h g(-1) at the end of 40th cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Reddy
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics & Advanced Batteries Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Reddy
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics & Advanced Batteries Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore- 117 542
| | - G. V. Subba Rao
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics & Advanced Batteries Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore- 117 542
| | - B. V. R. Chowdari
- Department of Physics, Solid State Ionics & Advanced Batteries Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore- 117 542
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Das B, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and energy storage of Ni-doped cobalt nitride, (Ni(0.33)Co(0.67))N, prepared by a simple synthesis route. Nanoscale 2013; 5:1961-1966. [PMID: 23360912 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33675h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal nitride (Ni(0.33)Co(0.67))N nanoparticles are prepared by nitridation using NiCo(2)O(4) as a precursor material by heating at 335 °C for 2 h in flowing NH(3) + N(2) gas and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), along with selective area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques. The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) at the Co K-edge showed that the oxidation state of cobalt is close to 3+. The (Ni(0.33)Co(0.67))N showed a shift in edge energy towards lower values due to Ni-doping to cobalt site. The Li-storage behaviour of (Ni(0.33)Co(0.67))N nanoparticles was evaluated by galvanostatic cycling and cyclic voltammetry in the cells with Li-metal as counter electrode in the voltage range of 0.005-3.0 V at ambient temperature. When cycled at 250 mA g(-1), the first-cycle reversible capacity of 700 (±5) mA h g(-1) (~1.9 moles of Li) is obtained. It showed an initial decrease in capacity until the 10(th) cycle and a stable capacity of 400 (±5) mA h g(-1) (~1.09 moles of Li) is observed at the end of the 50(th) cycle. Excellent rate capability is also shown when cycling at 500 mA g(-1) (up to 50 cycles). The materials showed excellent Li-ion insertion/extraction, with the coulombic efficiency reaching almost 99% in the range of 10-50 cycles. The average charge and discharge potentials are ~2.03 and ~1.0 V, respectively for the decomposition/formation of Li(3)N as determined by electroanalytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Das
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542
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Cherian CT, Reddy MV, Haur SC, Chowdari BVR. Interconnected network of CoMoO₄ submicrometer particles as high capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:918-923. [PMID: 23276066 DOI: 10.1021/am302583c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Interconnected networks of CoMoO(4) submicrometer particles are prepared by thermolysis of polymer matrix based metal precursor solution. The material exhibited a high reversible capacity of 990 (±10) mAh g(-1) at a current density of 100 mA g(-1), with 100% capacity retention between 5 and 50 cycles. The improved electrochemical performance of CoMoO(4) submicrometer particles with interconnected network like morphology makes it promising as a high-capacity anode material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie T Cherian
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551
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Cherian CT, Reddy MV, Haur SC, Chowdari BVR. Facile synthesis and Li-storage performance of SnO nanoparticles and microcrystals. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22867j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Guo Z, Reddy MV, Goh BM, San AKP, Bao Q, Loh KP. Electrochemical performance of graphene and copper oxide composites synthesized from a metal–organic framework (Cu-MOF). RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43308k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Harinath BC, Reddy MV, Bhunia B, Bhandari YP, Mehta VK, Chaturvedi P, Prajapati NC, Gupta RK. Filaria associated clinical manifestations in children in an endemic area and morbidity control by immunomonitoring and optimal DEC therapy: Sevagram experience. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 15:118-26. [PMID: 23105275 DOI: 10.1007/bf02867551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health problem in India with 412 million people living in bancroftian endemic areas and is a major cause of clinical morbidity. Twenty million people are reported to suffer from chronic disease manifestations such as lymphoedema, hydrocele or elephantiasis. At least twice the number have been shown to suffer from acute and occult filarial infections in an endemic area without diagnosis. Due to non-availability of suitable diagnostic test for confirming filaria aetiology other than parasitological examination, no significant study on filariasis in children has been reported earlier. Studies in our laboratory for more than a decade showed usefulness of microfilarial excretory-secretory antigen in confirming filarial aetiology in acute and occult infections in adults as well as in children. This study reports acute and atypical manifestations such as lymphadenopathy, asthmatic bronchitis, pulmonary eosinophilia, mono-arthritis, recurrent URI, pneumonia, nutritional anemia, pain in abdomen etc. in children living in filaria endemic area having no microfilaraemia but showing filaria aetiology by immunomonitoring for the presence of antibody or antigen and responding to optimal DEC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Harinath
- JB Tropical Disease Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, 442102 Sevagram, (Wardha) India
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Nair ER, Kumar S, Reddy MV, Harinath BC. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Ra ESAS-7-An excretory-secretory antigen fraction of immunodiagnostic potential in pulmonary tuberculosis. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 13:98-105. [PMID: 23105189 DOI: 10.1007/bf02867870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A mycobacterial excretory-secretory protein fraction ESAS-7 purified by 50% ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by SDS-PAGE fractionation was evaluated by penicillinase enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) for its sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. At a "cut off" serum dilution of 600, 38 (90%) of 42 sera from bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis cases, 15 (100%) of 15 sera from bacteriogically negative but anti tubercular therapy (ATT) responded cases, 3 (7%) of 43 sera from normal healthy subjects and 4 (8%) of 48 sera from non tuberculous disease control cases gave positive reaction for tubercular antibody to ESAS-7 antigen fraction containing predominantly 33-kDa protein with a sensitivity of 90% in bacteriologically confirmed cases and specificity of 92%. Further, this diagnostic assay using the ESAS-7 antigen is more sensitive requiring as little as one nanogram antigen per test compared to use of 100 nanogram EST-6 antigen reported earlier. Thus use of ESAS-7 antigen for antibody detection has good diagnostic potential with improved specificity in pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Nair
- Jamnalal Bajaj Tropical Disease Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, 442 102 Wardha
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Zhu P, Reddy MV, Wu Y, Peng S, Yang S, Nair AS, Loh KP, Chowdari BVR, Ramakrishna S. Mesoporous SnO2 agglomerates with hierarchical structures as an efficient dual-functional material for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10865-7. [PMID: 23023087 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36049g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous SnO(2) agglomerates with hierarchical structures and a high surface area were fabricated through a molten salt method. The SnO(2) demonstrated high photoelectric conversion efficiencies of 3.05% and 6.23% (with TiCl(4) treatment) in dye-sensitized solar cells, which are attributed to its dual functionality of providing high dye-loading and efficient light scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peining Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574
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Reddy MV, Subba Rao GV, Chowdari BVR. Li-storage and cycling properties of Sn–Sb-mixed oxides, (M1/2Sb1/2Sn)O4, M = In, Fe. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Nagarathinam M, Saravanan K, Phua EJH, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR, Vittal JJ. Redox-Active Metal-Centered Oxalato Phosphate Open Framework Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5866-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nagarathinam M, Saravanan K, Phua EJH, Reddy MV, Chowdari BVR, Vittal JJ. Redox-Active Metal-Centered Oxalato Phosphate Open Framework Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cherian CT, Reddy MV, Rao GVS, Sow CH, Chowdari BVR. Li-cycling properties of nano-crystalline (Ni1 − x Zn x )Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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