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Nunes N, Carvalho Nunes B, Zamariolli M, Cordeiro de Queiroz Soares D, Caires dos Santos L, Gollo Dantas A, Ayres Meloni V, Iole Belangero S, Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes VL, Ae Kim C, Melaragno MI. Variants in Candidate Genes for Phenotype Heterogeneity in Patients with the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:5549592. [PMID: 38586596 PMCID: PMC10998724 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5549592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a microdeletion syndrome with a broad and heterogeneous phenotype, even though most of the deletions present similar sizes, involving ∼3 Mb of DNA. In a relatively large population of a Brazilian 22q11.2DS cohort (60 patients), we investigated genetic variants that could act as genetic modifiers and contribute to the phenotypic heterogeneity, using a targeted NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) with a specific Ion AmpliSeq panel to sequence nine candidate genes (CRKL, MAPK1, HIRA, TANGO2, PI4KA, HDAC1, ZDHHC8, ZFPM2, and JAM3), mapped in and outside the 22q11.2 hemizygous deleted region. In silico prediction was performed, and the whole-genome sequencing annotation analysis package (WGSA) was used to predict the possible pathogenic effect of single nucleotide variants (SNVs). For the in silico prediction of the indels, we used the genomic variants filtered by a deep learning model in NGS (GARFIELD-NGS). We identified six variants, 4 SNVs and 2 indels, in MAPK1, JAM3, and ZFPM2 genes with possibly synergistic deleterious effects in the context of the 22q11.2 deletion. Our results provide the opportunity for the discovery of the co-occurrence of genetic variants with 22q11.2 deletions, which may influence the patients´ phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Carvalho Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Caires dos Santos
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anelisa Gollo Dantas
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Ayres Meloni
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sintia Iole Belangero
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zamariolli M, Auwerx C, Sadler MC, van der Graaf A, Lepik K, Schoeler T, Moysés-Oliveira M, Dantas AG, Melaragno MI, Kutalik Z. Response to Bassett et al. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:1219-1220. [PMID: 37419093 PMCID: PMC10357494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Auwerx
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie C Sadler
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Kaido Lepik
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tabea Schoeler
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Anelisa G Dantas
- Genetics Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Di-Battista A, Favilla BP, Zamariolli M, Nunes N, Defelicibus A, Armelin-Correa L, da Silva IT, Reymond A, Moyses-Oliveira M, Melaragno MI. Premature ovarian insufficiency is associated with global alterations in the regulatory landscape and gene expression in balanced X-autosome translocations. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:19. [PMID: 37202802 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with balanced X-autosome translocations and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) constitute an interesting paradigm to study the effect of chromosome repositioning. Their breakpoints are clustered within cytobands Xq13-Xq21, 80% of them in Xq21, and usually, no gene disruption can be associated with POI phenotype. As deletions within Xq21 do not cause POI, and since different breakpoints and translocations with different autosomes lead to this same gonadal phenotype, a "position effect" is hypothesized as a possible mechanism underlying POI pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To study the effect of the balanced X-autosome translocations that result in POI, we fine-mapped the breakpoints in six patients with POI and balanced X-autosome translocations and addressed gene expression and chromatin accessibility changes in four of them. RESULTS We observed differential expression in 85 coding genes, associated with protein regulation, multicellular regulation, integrin signaling, and immune response pathways, and 120 differential peaks for the three interrogated histone marks, most of which were mapped in high-activity chromatin state regions. The integrative analysis between transcriptome and chromatin data pointed to 12 peaks mapped less than 2 Mb from 11 differentially expressed genes in genomic regions not related to the patients' chromosomal rearrangement, suggesting that translocations have broad effects on the chromatin structure. CONCLUSION Since a wide impact on gene regulation was observed in patients, our results observed in this study support the hypothesis of position effect as a pathogenic mechanism for premature ovarian insufficiency associated with X-autosome translocations. This work emphasizes the relevance of chromatin changes in structural variation, since it advances our knowledge of the impact of perturbations in the regulatory landscape within interphase nuclei, resulting in the position effect pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di-Battista
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Pereira Favilla
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Defelicibus
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Armelin-Correa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Israel Tojal da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Moyses-Oliveira
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
- Sleep Institute, Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil.
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Burssed B, Zamariolli M, Favilla BP, Meloni VA, Goloni-Bertollo EM, Bellucco FT, Melaragno MI. Fold-back mechanism originating inv-dup-del rearrangements in chromosomes 13 and 15. Chromosome Res 2023; 31:10. [PMID: 36826604 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-023-09720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Intrachromosomal rearrangements involve a single chromosome and can be formed by several proposed mechanisms. We reported two patients with intrachromosomal duplications and deletions, whose rearrangements and breakpoints were characterized through karyotyping, chromosomal microarray, fluorescence in situ hybridization, whole-genome sequencing, and Sanger sequencing. Inverted duplications associated with terminal deletions, known as inv-dup-del rearrangements, were found in 13q and 15q in these patients. The presence of microhomology at the junction points led to the proposal of the Fold-back mechanism for their formation. The use of different high-resolution techniques allowed for a better characterization of the rearrangements, with Sanger sequencing of the junction points being essential to infer the mechanisms of formation as it revealed microhomologies that were missed by the previous techniques. A karyotype-phenotype correlation was also performed for the characterized rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Burssed
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Pereira Favilla
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Ayres Meloni
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eny Maria Goloni-Bertollo
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Molecular Biology, São José Do Rio Preto Medical School, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Bellucco
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zamariolli M, Dantas AG, Nunes N, Moysés-Oliveira M, Sgardioli IC, Soares DCQ, Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes VL, Kim CA, Melaragno MI. Phenotypic heterogeneity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Copy Number Variants as genetic modifiers for congenital heart disease in a Brazilian cohort. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1273-1281. [PMID: 36751694 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The clinical heterogeneity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) underlies complex genetic mechanisms including variants in other regions of the genome, known as genetic modifiers. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most relevant phenotypes in the syndrome and copy number variants (CNVs) outside the 22q11.2 region could play a role in its variable expressivity. Since those described loci account for a small proportion of the variability, the CNV analysis in new cohorts from different ancestry-based populations constitutes a valuable resource to identify a wider range of modifiers. We performed SNP-array in 117 Brazilian patients with 22q11.2DS, with and without CHD, and leveraged genome-wide CNV analysis. After quality control, we selected 50 CNVs in 38 patients for downstream analysis. CNVs' genetic content and implicated biological pathways were compared between patients with and without CHD. CNV-affected genes in patients with CHD were enriched for several functional terms related to ubiquitination, transcription factor binding sites and miRNA targets, highlighting the complexity of the phenotype's expressivity. Cardiac-related genes were identified in both groups of patients suggesting that increasing risk and protective mechanisms could be involved. These genes and enriched pathways could indicate new modifiers to the cardiac phenotype in 22q11.2DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zamariolli
- Genetic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A G Dantas
- Genetic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N Nunes
- Genetic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - I C Sgardioli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Area of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - D C Q Soares
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V L Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Translational Medicine, Area of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - C A Kim
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M I Melaragno
- Genetic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zamariolli M, Auwerx C, Sadler MC, van der Graaf A, Lepik K, Schoeler T, Moysés-Oliveira M, Dantas AG, Melaragno MI, Kutalik Z. The impact of 22q11.2 copy-number variants on human traits in the general population. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:300-313. [PMID: 36706759 PMCID: PMC9943723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
While extensively studied in clinical cohorts, the phenotypic consequences of 22q11.2 copy-number variants (CNVs) in the general population remain understudied. To address this gap, we performed a phenome-wide association scan in 405,324 unrelated UK Biobank (UKBB) participants by using CNV calls from genotyping array. We mapped 236 Human Phenotype Ontology terms linked to any of the 90 genes encompassed by the region to 170 UKBB traits and assessed the association between these traits and the copy-number state of 504 genotyping array probes in the region. We found significant associations for eight continuous and nine binary traits associated under different models (duplication-only, deletion-only, U-shape, and mirror models). The causal effect of the expression level of 22q11.2 genes on associated traits was assessed through transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization (TWMR), revealing that increased expression of ARVCF increased BMI. Similarly, increased DGCR6 expression causally reduced mean platelet volume, in line with the corresponding CNV effect. Furthermore, cross-trait multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) suggested a predominant role of genuine (horizontal) pleiotropy in the CNV region. Our findings show that within the general population, 22q11.2 CNVs are associated with traits previously linked to genes in the region, and duplications and deletions act upon traits in different fashions. We also showed that gain or loss of distinct segments within 22q11.2 may impact a trait under different association models. Our results have provided new insights to help further the understanding of the complex 22q11.2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Auwerx
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie C Sadler
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Kaido Lepik
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tabea Schoeler
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Anelisa G Dantas
- Genetics Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Structural chromosomal rearrangements result from different mechanisms of formation, usually related to certain genomic architectural features that may lead to genetic instability. Most of these rearrangements arise from recombination, repair, or replication mechanisms that occur after a double-strand break or the stalling/breakage of a replication fork. Here, we review the mechanisms of formation of structural rearrangements, highlighting their main features and differences. The most important mechanisms of constitutional chromosomal alterations are discussed, including Non-Allelic Homologous Recombination (NAHR), Non-Homologous End-Joining (NHEJ), Fork Stalling and Template Switching (FoSTeS), and Microhomology-Mediated Break-Induced Replication (MMBIR). Their involvement in chromoanagenesis and in the formation of complex chromosomal rearrangements, inverted duplications associated with terminal deletions, and ring chromosomes is also outlined. We reinforce the importance of high-resolution analysis to determine the DNA sequence at, and near, their breakpoints in order to infer the mechanisms of formation of structural rearrangements and to reveal how cells respond to DNA damage and repair broken ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Burssed
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Bellucco
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Chen K, Zamariolli M, Soares MDFDF, Meloni VA, Melaragno MI. Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis Syndrome in a Mother and Daughter with a MAFB Missense Variant and Natural History of the Disease. Mol Syndromol 2022; 13:50-55. [PMID: 35221875 PMCID: PMC8832254 DOI: 10.1159/000517348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome (MCTO; MIM #166300) is a rare skeletal disorder characterized by osteolysis affecting particularly the carpal, metacarpal, and tarsal bones, although other bones might be involved. MCTO is an autosomal dominant disease caused by heterozygous variants in the MAFB gene, frequently misdiagnosed as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis due to similar clinical manifestations. This study reports the first Brazilian family diagnosed with MCTO with progressive osteolysis of the carpal and tarsal bones, presenting a c.161C>T (p.Ser54Leu) heterozygous variant in the MAFB gene, describing the clinical, radiological, and molecular findings, compared with literature data, and discussing the different clinical and molecular diagnosis, as well as the natural history of the disease. Since MCTO is a disorder with progressive symptoms, an early diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatments and to provide the proper follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Chen
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Ayres Meloni
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zamariolli M, Burssed B, Moysés-Oliveira M, Colovati M, Bellucco FTDS, Dos Santos LC, Alvarez Perez AB, Bragagnolo S, Melaragno MI. Novel MYT1 variants expose the complexity of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum genetic mechanisms. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2056-2064. [PMID: 33880880 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is a developmental disorder characterized by anomalies mainly involving the structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches. The spectrum presents with heterogeneous clinical features and complex etiology with genetic factors not yet completely understood. To date, MYT1 is the most important gene unambiguously associated with the spectrum and with functional data confirmation. In this work, we aimed to identify new single nucleotide variants (SNVs) affecting MYT1 in a cohort of 73 Brazilian patients diagnosed with OAVS. In addition, we investigated copy number variations (CNVs) encompassing this gene or its cis-regulatory elements and compared the frequency of these events in patients versus a cohort of 455 Brazilian control individuals. A new SNV, predicted as likely deleterious, was identified in five unrelated patients with OAVS. All five patients presented hearing impairment and orbital asymmetry suggesting an association with the variant. CNVs near MYT1, located in its neighboring topologically associating domain (TAD), were found to be enriched in patients when compared to controls, indicating a possible involvement of this region with OAVS pathogenicity. Our findings highlight the genetic complexity of the spectrum that seems to involve more than one variant type and inheritance patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malú Zamariolli
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Burssed
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Moysés-Oliveira
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mileny Colovati
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Caires Dos Santos
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Alvarez Perez
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Bragagnolo
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zamariolli M, Di-Battista A, Moysés-Oliveira M, de Mello CB, de Paula Ramos MA, Liehr T, Melaragno MI. Disruption of PCDH10 and TNRC18 Genes due to a Balanced Translocation. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:321-328. [PMID: 32535594 DOI: 10.1159/000508820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanced chromosomal rearrangements are usually associated with a normal phenotype, although in some individuals, phenotypic alterations are observed. In these patients, molecular characterization of the breakpoints can reveal the pathogenic mechanism, providing the annotation of disease-associated loci and a better genotype-phenotype correlation. In this study, we describe a patient with a balanced reciprocal translocation between 4q27 and 7p22 associated with neurodevelopmental delay. We performed cytogenetic evaluation, next-generation sequencing of microdissected derivative chromosomes, and Sanger sequencing of the junction points to define the translocation's breakpoints at base pair resolution. We found that the PCDH10 and TNRC18 genes were disrupted by the breakpoints at chromosomes 4 and 7, respectively, with the formation of chimeric genes at the junction points. Gene expression studies in the patient's peripheral blood showed reduced expression of TNRC18, a gene with unknown function and clinical significance. PCDH10 plays a role in the development of the nervous system and might be involved with the patient's neurodevelopmental delay. In this study, the full molecular characterization of the junction points was shown as an efficient tool for fine breakpoint mapping in balanced translocations in order to unmask gene disruptions and investigate the potential pathogenic role of the disrupted genes.
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Zamariolli M, Colovati M, Moysés-Oliveira M, Nunes N, Caires Dos Santos L, Alvarez Perez AB, Bragagnolo S, Melaragno MI. Rare single-nucleotide variants in oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00959. [PMID: 31469246 PMCID: PMC6785430 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oculo‐auriculo‐vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is a craniofacial developmental disorder that affects structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches. The clinically heterogeneous phenotype involves mandibular, oral, and ear development anomalies. Etiology is complex and poorly understood. Genetic factors have been associated, evidenced by chromosomal abnormalities affecting different genomic regions and genes. However, known pathogenic single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) have only been identified in MYT1 in a restricted number of patients. Therefore, investigations of SNVs on candidate genes may reveal other pathogenic mechanisms. Methods In a cohort of 73 patients, coding and untranslated regions (UTR) of 10 candidate genes (CRKL, YPEL1, MAPK1, NKX3‐2, HMX1, MYT1, OTX2, GSC, PUF60, HOXA2) were sequenced. Rare SNVs were selected and in silico predictions were performed to ascertain pathogenicity. Likely pathogenic variants were validated by Sanger sequencing and heritability was assessed when possible. Results Four likely pathogenic variants in heterozygous state were identified in different patients. Two SNVs were located in the 5’UTR of YPEL1; one in the 3’UTR of CRKL and one in the 3’UTR of OTX2. Conclusion Our work described variants in candidate genes for OAVS and supported the genetic heterogeneity of the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mileny Colovati
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Moysés-Oliveira
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Caires Dos Santos
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana B Alvarez Perez
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Bragagnolo
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Moysés-Oliveira M, Giannuzzi G, Fish RJ, Rosenfeld JA, Petit F, Soares MDF, Kulikowski LD, Di-Battista A, Zamariolli M, Xia F, Liehr T, Kosyakova N, Carvalheira G, Parker M, Seaby EG, Ennis S, Gilbert RD, Hagelstrom RT, Cremona ML, Li WL, Malhotra A, Chandrasekhar A, Perry DL, Taft RJ, McCarrier J, Basel DG, Andrieux J, Stumpp T, Antunes F, Pereira GJ, Neerman-Arbez M, Meloni VA, Drummond-Borg M, Melaragno MI, Reymond A. Inactivation of AMMECR1 is associated with growth, bone, and heart alterations. Hum Mutat 2017; 39:281-291. [PMID: 29193635 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report five individuals with loss-of-function of the X-linked AMMECR1: a girl with a balanced X-autosome translocation and inactivation of the normal X-chromosome; two boys with maternally inherited and de novo nonsense variants; and two half-brothers with maternally inherited microdeletion variants. They present with short stature, cardiac and skeletal abnormalities, and hearing loss. Variants of unknown significance in AMMECR1 in four male patients from two families with partially overlapping phenotypes were previously reported. AMMECR1 is coexpressed with genes implicated in cell cycle regulation, five of which were previously associated with growth and bone alterations. Our knockdown of the zebrafish orthologous gene resulted in phenotypes reminiscent of patients' features. The increased transcript and encoded protein levels of AMMECR1L, an AMMECR1 paralog, in the t(X;9) patient's cells indicate a possible partial compensatory mechanism. AMMECR1 and AMMECR1L proteins dimerize and localize to the nucleus as suggested by their nucleic acid-binding RAGNYA folds. Our results suggest that AMMECR1 is potentially involved in cell cycle control and linked to a new syndrome with growth, bone, heart, and kidney alterations with or without elliptocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Moysés-Oliveira
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuliana Giannuzzi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Fish
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Florence Petit
- Clinique de Génétique, CHU Lille - Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | | | - Leslie Domenici Kulikowski
- Department of Pathology, Laboratório de Citogenômica, LIM 03, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Di-Battista
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Humangenetik, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Gianna Carvalheira
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Parker
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor G Seaby
- Genomic Informatics Group, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Ennis
- Genomic Informatics Group, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rodney D Gilbert
- Southampton Children's Hospital, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Maria L Cremona
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, San Diego, California
| | - Wenhui L Li
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, San Diego, California
| | - Alka Malhotra
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, San Diego, California
| | | | - Denise L Perry
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, San Diego, California
| | - Ryan J Taft
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, San Diego, California
| | - Julie McCarrier
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Donald G Basel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Joris Andrieux
- Institut de Génétique Médicale, CHU Lille - Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Taiza Stumpp
- Developmental Biology Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo José Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marguerite Neerman-Arbez
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vera Ayres Meloni
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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