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Alotaibi MM, Aljuaid A, Alsudays IM, Aloufi AS, AlBalawi AN, Alasmari A, Alghanem SMS, Albalawi BF, Alwutayd KM, Gharib HS, Awad-Allah MMA. Effect of Bio-Fertilizer Application on Agronomic Traits, Yield, and Nutrient Uptake of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare) in Saline Soil. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:951. [PMID: 38611480 PMCID: PMC11013266 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Under salinity conditions, growth and productivity of grain crops decrease, leading to inhibition and limited absorption of water and elements necessary for plant growth, osmotic imbalance, ionic stress, and oxidative stress. Microorganisms in bio-fertilizers have several mechanisms to provide benefits to crop plants and reduce the harmful effect of salinity. They can be effective in dissolving phosphate, fixing nitrogen, promoting plant growth, and can have a combination of all these qualities. During two successful agricultural seasons, two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of bio-fertilizer applications, including phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), nitrogen fixation bacteria and a mix of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen fixation bacteria with three rates, 50, 75 and 100% NPK, of the recommended dose of minimal fertilizer on agronomic traits, yield and nutrient uptake of barley (Hordeum vulgare) under saline condition in Village 13, Farafra Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt. The results showed that the application of Microbein + 75% NPK recorded the highest values of plant height, spike length, number of spikes/m2, grain yield (Mg ha-1), straw yield (Mg ha-1), biological yield (Mg ha-1), protein content %, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) uptakes in grain and straw (kg ha-1), available nitrogen (mg/kg soil), available phosphorus (mg/kg soil), total microbial count of soil, antioxidant activity of soil (AOA), dehydrogenase, nitrogen fixers, and PSB counts. The application of bio-fertilizers led to an increase in plant tolerance to salt stress, plant growth, grain yield, and straw yield, in addition to the application of the bio-fertilizers, which resulted in a 25% saving in the cost of mineral fertilizers used in barley production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashael M. Alotaibi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Aljuaid
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abeer S. Aloufi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Nawaf AlBalawi
- Biology Department, University College of Haqel, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Bedur Faleh Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S. Gharib
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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Alsudays IM, Alshammary FH, Alabdallah NM, Alatawi A, Alotaibi MM, Alwutayd KM, Alharbi MM, Alghanem SMS, Alzuaibr FM, Gharib HS, Awad-Allah MMA. Applications of humic and fulvic acid under saline soil conditions to improve growth and yield in barley. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:191. [PMID: 38486134 PMCID: PMC10941484 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enriching the soil with organic matter such as humic and fulvic acid to increase its content available nutrients, improves the chemical properties of the soil and increases plant growth as well as grain yield. In this study, we conducted a field experiment using humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and recommended dose (RDP) of phosphorus fertilizer to treat Hordeum vulgare seedling, in which four concentrations from HA, FA and RDP (0.0 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100%) under saline soil conditions . Moreover, some agronomic traits (e.g. grain yield, straw yield, spikes weight, plant height, spike length and spike weight) in barley seedling after treated with different concentrations from HA, FA and RDP were determined. As such the beneficial effects of these combinations to improve plant growth, N, P, and K uptake, grain yield, and its components under salinity stress were assessed. RESULTS The findings showed that the treatments HA + 100% RDP (T1), HA + 75% RDP (T2), FA + 100% RDP (T5), HA + 50% RDP (T3), and FA + 75% RDP (T6), improved number of spikes/plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield/ha, harvest index, the amount of uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) in straw and grain. The increase for grain yield over the control was 64.69, 56.77, 49.83, 49.17, and 44.22% in the first season, and 64.08, 56.63, 49.19, 48.87, and 43.69% in the second season,. Meanwhile, the increase for grain yield when compared to the recommended dose was 22.30, 16.42, 11.27, 10.78, and 7.11% in the first season, and 22.17, 16.63, 11.08, 10.84, and 6.99% in the second season. Therefore, under salinity conditions the best results were obtained when, in addition to phosphate fertilizer, the soil was treated with humic acid or foliar application the plants with fulvic acid under one of the following treatments: HA + 100% RDP (T1), HA + 75% RDP (T2), FA + 100% RDP (T5), HA + 50% RDP (T3), and FA + 75% RDP (T6). CONCLUSIONS The result of the use of organic amendments was an increase in the tolerance of barley plant to salinity stress, which was evident from the improvement in the different traits that occurred after the treatment using treatments that included organic amendments (humic acid or fulvic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fowzia Hamdan Alshammary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alatawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael M Alotaibi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Mohammed Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman M S Alghanem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hany S Gharib
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
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Arafat SM, Basuny AM, Awad-Allah MMA, Abdein MA, Hikal DM. Quality Indices, Phenolic Compounds and Sensory Evaluation of Flavored Olive Oil. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:369-377. [PMID: 36990746 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of adding some aromatic plants (garlic, rosemary, thyme, and hot-red pepper) on the quality and organoleptic properties of flavored olive oil extracted from the olive fruits Maraqi variety are studied after adding aromatic plants at a concentration of 2%. Acidity, peroxide value, K232, K270, sensorial attributes, oxidative stability, and phenolic contents had been monitored. Also, phenolic compounds are identified in the flavored and unflavored olive oil samples. These results demonstrated that the aromatic plant had enhanced the flavored olive oil stability; the levels of addition of aromatic plants could be distinguished by the taster's sensory attributes of flavored olive oil. As the plan of the experiment includes process preparation and consumer preference, it is possible to apply the obtained results to the production of flavored olive oil. The producers will gain a new product with more added values due to the nutritional and antioxidant strength of the aromatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaker M Arafat
- Oils and Fats Research Department, Food Technology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre
| | - Amany M Basuny
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University
| | | | - Mohamed A Abdein
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University
| | - Dalia M Hikal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Sohag University
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Awad-Allah MMA, Shafie WWM, Alsubeie MS, Alatawi A, Safhi FA, ALshamrani SM, Albalawi DA, Al-Amrah H, Alshehri D, Alshegaihi RM, Basahi MA, Masrahi AS. Utilization of Genetic Resources, Genetic Diversity and Genetic Variability for Selecting New Restorer Lines of Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2227. [PMID: 36553494 PMCID: PMC9778048 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of and understanding diversity and variability in genotypes of germplasm determines the success of rice improvement programs. One of the most important determinants of the success of breeding programs is genetic diversity and inheritance of traits. Genetic variability analysis helps breeders to determine the appropriate selection method and standards to be used to improve the preferred trait. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic components, heritability and to obtain information about genetic diversity using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Twenty rice genotypes with three replicates in a randomized complete block design were analyzed at the Experimental Farm at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during the period from 2017 to 2020. The results of the analysis of variance showed that highly significant variations were recorded between the studied genotypes for all traits. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV%) and phenotypic (PCV%) coefficient of variation were moderate for plant height, panicles/plant, panicle weight, spikelets/panicle, filled grains/panicle, grain yield/plant and amylose content percentage for the first-year, second-year and combined data. This indicates the existence of beneficial genetic variability that can be exploited to improve these traits. The broad-sense estimates of heritability were high and recorded values higher than 60% for all the studied traits for the two-year and combined data, except for hulling percentage. This indicates that the selection of traits that have high heritability and are less affected by the environment leads to an acceleration of the improvement of these traits. The results from the cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed a high level of genotypic variation among the studied genotypes and genetic diversity between them. One of the most important outcomes of this study is the successful utilization of genetic resources (germplasm) from ancient varieties and lines of rice in selecting and identifying 17 new restoration lines of rice, which have various improvement purposes in rice and hybrid rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh M. A. Awad-Allah
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Wafaa W. M. Shafie
- Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Moodi Saham Alsubeie
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alatawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Doha A. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadba Al-Amrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dikhnah Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Alshegaihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Basahi
- College of Science and Arts Sajir, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 33, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
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Sayed MRI, Alshallash KS, Safhi FA, Alatawi A, ALshamrani SM, Dessoky ES, Althobaiti AT, Althaqafi MM, Gharib HS, Shafie WWM, Awad-Allah MMA, Sultan FM. Genetic Diversity, Analysis of Some Agro-Morphological and Quality Traits and Utilization of Plant Resources of Alfalfa. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1521. [PMID: 36140688 PMCID: PMC9498742 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important perennial forage crops to build effective diets for livestock producers. Forage crop improvement depends largely on the availability of diverse germplasms and their efficient utilization. The present investigation was conducted at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station to assess twenty-one alfalfa genotypes for yield components, forage yield and quality traits during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The genotypes were evaluated in field experiments with three replicates and a randomized complete block design, using analysis of variance, estimate of genetic variability, estimate of broad sense heritability (hb2) and cluster analysis to identify the inter relationships among the studied genotypes as well as principal component analysis (PCA) to explain the majority of the total variation. Significant differences were found among genotypes for all studied traits. The general mean of the studied traits was higher in the second year than the first year. Moreover, the combined analysis showed highly significant differences between the two years, genotypes and the year × gen. interaction for the traits studied. The genotype F18 recorded the highest values for plant height, number of tiller/m2, total fresh yield and total dry yield, while, the genotype F49 ranked first for leaf/stem ratio. The results showed highly significant variation among the studied genotypes for crude protein %, crude fiber % and ash %. Data revealed that the genotypes P13 and P5 showed the highest values for crude protein %, whereas, the genotype F18 recorded the highest values for crude fiber % and ash content. The results revealed high estimates of genotypic coefficient and phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV% and PCV%) with high hb2, indicating the presence of genetic variability and effective potential selection for these traits. The cluster analysis exhibited considerable genetic diversity among the genotypes, which classified the twenty one genotypes of alfalfa into five sub-clusters. The genotypes F18, F49, K75, S35, P20, P5 and P13 recorded the highest values for all studied traits compared with other clusters. Furthermore, the PC analysis grouped the studied genotypes into groups and remained scattered in all four quadrants based on all studied traits. Ultimately, superior genotypes were identified can be utilized for crop improvement in future breeding schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat R. I. Sayed
- Forage Crop Research, Section, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Khalid S. Alshallash
- College of Science and Humanities-Huraymila, Imam Mohammed Bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alatawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eldessoky S. Dessoky
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwaq T. Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Althaqafi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S. Gharib
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Wafaa W. M. Shafie
- Central Lab. For Design and Stat. Analysis Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M. A. Awad-Allah
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Fadia M. Sultan
- Forage Crop Research, Section, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Awad-Allah MMA, Attia KA, Omar AA, Dessoky ES, Alzuaibr FM, Alshehri MA, Abdein MA, Mohamed AH. Development of New Iso-Cytoplasmic Rice-Restorer Lines and New Rice Hybrids with Superior Grain Yield and Grain-Quality Characteristics by Utilizing Restorers’ Fertility Genes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050808. [PMID: 35627193 PMCID: PMC9140396 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during the 2018–2020 rice-growing seasons to develop and evaluate four iso-cytoplasmic rice-restorer lines: NRL79, NRL80, NRL81, and NRL82, as well as Giza 178, with ten new hybrids in order to estimate genotypic coefficient, phenotypic coefficient, heritability in a broad sense, and advantage over Giza 178 as a check variety (control) of new restorer lines. This study also estimated combining ability, gene action, better-parent heterosis (BP), mid-parents heterosis (MP), and standard heterosis (SH) over Egyptian Hybrid one (IR69A × Giza 178) as a check hybrid (control) for grain yield, agronomic traits, and some grain quality characters in restorer lines and hybrids. The percentage of advantage over commercial-variety Giza 178 (check) was significant, and highly significant among the newly developed restorer fertility lines for all the studied traits. This indicates that the selection is a highly effective factor in improving these traits. New restorer fertility lines showed highly significant positive values over commercial restorer for grain yield; the values ranged from 51% for NRL80 to 100.4% for NRL82, respectively. Meanwhile, in regard to the grain shape of paddy rice, three lines of the promising lines showed highly significant negative desirable values compared with Giza 178; the values ranged from −7.7% for the NRL80 to −15.2% for NRL79, respectively. Based on the superiority of the new lines, the new lines can be used as new restorer fertility lines to breed promising new hybrids and new inbred rice lines or varieties. From the results of the testcross experiment, the four promising lines were identified as effective restorer fertility lines for two cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines. Moreover, the six rice hybrids showed values for SH heterosis of grain yield/plant of more than 15% over the check hybrid variety, with high values of 1000-grain weight and desirable grain shape; these hybrids were G46A × NRL81 (125.1%), G46A × NRL80 (66.9%), IR69A × NRL79 (47.2%), G46A × NRL79 (24.6%), IR69A × NRL81 (23.4%), and IR69A × NRL82 (16.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh M. A. Awad-Allah
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.M.A.A.-A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Kotb A. Attia
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alsayed Omar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA;
| | - Eldessoky S. Dessoky
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad Mohammed Alzuaibr
- Biology Department, College of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.M.A.A.-A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Azza H. Mohamed
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA;
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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