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Silva CB, Rondon JN, Souza PF, Oliveira AMR, Santos GO, Kulik JD, Lima CP, Kerber VA, Dias JFG, Zanin SMW, Miguel OG, Miguel MD. The presence of Microlobius foetidus cause changes in the antioxidant defense of Urochloa decumbens? BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:565-73. [PMID: 26465722 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.16513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster (Poaceae) is an exotic species with has spread rapidly through the Cerrado area of Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It has covered the soil aggressively turning it into cultivated pastures. Thus, it has become a challenge to protect native areas due its capacity of exclusion of native species. It has been observed that Microlobius foetidus (Jacq.) M.Sousa & G.Andrade species (Fabaceae) shows a dominant pattern over the development of U. decumbens. This work shows that M. foetidus interfere on the natural growth of U. decumbens within 10 m ratio. Between 15 and 20 m, it was observed an increase of Importance Value index (IVI) and Relative cover (RC) values. It was also observed a variation on the antioxidant defense system of U. decumbens within 10m ratio from M. foetidus. The enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase present higher levels of activity then those found for glutathione reductase. This data indicates that M. foetidus may have an effect on U. decumbens, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. This effect probably happens as means to neutralize the toxic effects of the oxygen generated due to the presence of allelochemicals, which increases oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Silva
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - J N Rondon
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, BR
| | - P F Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, BR
| | - A M R Oliveira
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, BR
| | - G O Santos
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - J D Kulik
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - C P Lima
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - V A Kerber
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - J F G Dias
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - S M W Zanin
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - O G Miguel
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - M D Miguel
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
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Utrilla JC, Morillo-Bernal J, Gordillo-Martínez F, García-Marín R, Herrera JL, Fernández-Santos JM, Díaz-Parrado E, Garnacho C, De Miguel M, Martín-Lacave I. Expression of hypothalamic regulatory peptides in thyroid C cells of different mammals. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 187:6-14. [PMID: 23524276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Besides intervening in calcium homeostasis by means of calcitonin, C cells are also implicated in the synthesis of an increasing number of regulatory peptides that could exert a paracrine regulation on the neighbouring follicular cells. Among the latest peptides reported in C cells, there are several characteristic hypothalamic peptides, such as TRH, CART, and ghrelin, which are mainly involved in the regulation of the metabolism at hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. The main aim of the present work has been to study the synthesis of the referred hypothalamic peptides by normal and neoplastic C cells of different mammals as well as in C-cell lines of both rat (CA-77, 6-23) and human (TT) origins in order to elucidate whether this is a fact in this kind of vertebrates. With that objective, we have applied the immunoperoxidase technique to analyze the presence of TRH, CART, ghrelin, and somatostatin in thyroid tissues of different species, and immunofluorescence to study those same peptides in C-cell cultures. Furthermore, we have investigated their expression at mRNA level by RT-PCR analysis. Our results demonstrate immunocolocalization of CART, ghrelin, somatostatin and TRH with calcitonin in normal C cells of different mammals, as well as in rat and human neoplastic C cells. We also confirm the expression of those peptides in rat and human C-cell lines by RT-PCR. Consequently, we can conclude that the synthesis of those peptides by C cells is a general event characteristic of the thyroid gland in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Utrilla
- Dpt. Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain
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Garrido-Maraver J, Cordero MD, Moñino ID, Pereira-Arenas S, Lechuga-Vieco AV, Cotán D, De la Mata M, Oropesa-Ávila M, De Miguel M, Bautista Lorite J, Rivas Infante E, Alvarez-Dolado M, Navas P, Jackson S, Francisci S, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Screening of effective pharmacological treatments for MELAS syndrome using yeasts, fibroblasts and cybrid models of the disease. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 167:1311-28. [PMID: 22747838 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) is a mitochondrial disease most usually caused by point mutations in tRNA genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Approximately 80% of cases of MELAS syndrome are associated with a m.3243A > G mutation in the MT-TL1 gene, which encodes the mitochondrial tRNALeu (UUR). Currently, no effective treatments are available for this chronic progressive disorder. Treatment strategies in MELAS and other mitochondrial diseases consist of several drugs that diminish the deleterious effects of the abnormal respiratory chain function, reduce the presence of toxic agents or correct deficiencies in essential cofactors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the effectiveness of some common pharmacological agents that have been utilized in the treatment of MELAS, in yeast, fibroblast and cybrid models of the disease. The yeast model harbouring the A14G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene, which is equivalent to the A3243G mutation in humans, was used in the initial screening. Next, the most effective drugs that were able to rescue the respiratory deficiency in MELAS yeast mutants were tested in fibroblasts and cybrid models of MELAS disease. KEY RESULTS According to our results, supplementation with riboflavin or coenzyme Q(10) effectively reversed the respiratory defect in MELAS yeast and improved the pathologic alterations in MELAS fibroblast and cybrid cell models. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results indicate that cell models have great potential for screening and validating the effects of novel drug candidates for MELAS treatment and presumably also for other diseases with mitochondrial impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Garrido-Maraver
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
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Cordero MD, Alcocer-Gómez E, Cano-García FJ, Sánchez-Domínguez B, Fernández-Riejo P, Moreno Fernández AM, Fernández-Rodríguez A, De Miguel M. Clinical symptoms in fibromyalgia are associated to overweight and lipid profile. Rheumatol Int 2013; 34:419-22. [PMID: 23283541 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-012-2647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to analyze the association between body mass index (BMI), lipid profile and clinical symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia, we assessed BMI levels, lipid profile and its association with clinical symptoms in 183 patients with fibromyalgia. The patients were evaluated using tender points, FIQ and Visual Analogue Scales of pain (VAS). Serum lipid profile analysis (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL), and biochemical parameters were measured in the biochemistry laboratory. The BMI distribution of the nonobese, overweight and obese patients' groups were relatively even with 37.7, 35.5 and 26.8%, respectively, with a mean BMI of 27.3 ± 4.9. The number of tender points showed significantly positive correlation with higher BMI (P < 0.05). A total of 57.9% of patients showed increased levels of total cholesterol, 63.4 % increased levels of LDL cholesterol and 19.9% high levels of triglycerides. BMI, total cholesterol and triglycerides showed high association with some clinical parameters. Overweight and lipid profile could be associated with fibromyalgia symptoms. A treatment program with weight loss strategies, and control in diet and increased physical activity is advised to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D Cordero
- Dpto. Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009, Sevilla, Spain,
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Cordero MD, Cano-García FJ, Alcocer-Gómez E, De Miguel M, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Oxidative stress correlates with headache symptoms in fibromyalgia: coenzyme Q₁₀ effect on clinical improvement. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35677. [PMID: 22532869 PMCID: PMC3330812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome with unknown etiology and a wide spectrum of symptoms such as allodynia, debilitating fatigue, joint stiffness and migraine. Recent studies have shown some evidences demonstrating that oxidative stress is associated to clinical symptoms in FM of fibromyalgia. We examined oxidative stress and bioenergetic status in blood mononuclear cells (BMCs) and its association to headache symptoms in FM patients. The effects of oral coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) supplementation on biochemical markers and clinical improvement were also evaluated. METHODS We studied 20 FM patients and 15 healthy controls. Clinical parameters were evaluated using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), visual analogues scales (VAS), and the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Oxidative stress was determined by measuring CoQ(10), catalase and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in BMCs. Bioenergetic status was assessed by measuring ATP levels in BMCs. RESULTS We found decreased CoQ(10), catalase and ATP levels in BMCs from FM patients as compared to normal control (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) We also found increased level of LPO in BMCs from FM patients as compared to normal control (P < 0.001). Significant negative correlations between CoQ(10) or catalase levels in BMCs and headache parameters were observed (r = -0.59, P < 0.05; r = -0.68, P < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, LPO levels showed a significant positive correlation with HIT-6 (r = 0.33, P<0.05). Oral CoQ(10) supplementation restored biochemical parameters and induced a significant improvement in clinical and headache symptoms (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION The results of this study suggest a role for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the headache symptoms associated with FM. CoQ10 supplementation should be examined in a larger placebo controlled trial as a possible treatment in FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D Cordero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Sevilla, Spain.
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De la Mata M, Garrido-Maraver J, Cotán D, Cordero MD, Oropesa-Ávila M, Izquierdo LG, De Miguel M, Lorite JB, Infante ER, Ybot P, Jackson S, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Recovery of MERRF fibroblasts and cybrids pathophysiology by coenzyme Q10. Neurotherapeutics 2012; 9:446-63. [PMID: 22354625 PMCID: PMC3337023 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-012-0103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA mutations are an important cause of human disease for which there is no effective treatment. Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) is a mitochondrial disease usually caused by point mutations in transfer RNA genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA. The most common mutation associated with MERRF syndrome, m.8344A > G in the gene MT-TK, which encodes transfer RNA(Lysine), affects the translation of all mitochondrial DNA encoded proteins. This impairs the assembly of the electron transport chain complexes leading to decreased mitochondrial respiratory function. Here we report on how this mutation affects mitochondrial function in primary fibroblast cultures established from patients harboring the A8344G mutation. Coenzyme Q10 levels, as well as mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, and mitochondrial protein expression levels were significantly decreased in MERRF fibroblasts. Mitotracker staining and imaging analysis of individual mitochondria indicated the presence of small, rounded, depolarized mitochondria in MERRF fibroblasts. Mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with increased oxidative stress and increased degradation of impaired mitochondria by mitophagy. Transmitochondrial cybrids harboring the A8344G mutation also showed CoQ10 deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased mitophagy activity. All these abnormalities in patient-derived fibroblasts and cybrids were partially restored by CoQ10 supplementation, indicating that these cell culture models may be suitable for screening and validation of novel drug candidates for MERRF disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario De la Mata
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | - Juan Garrido-Maraver
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | - David Cotán
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | - Mario D. Cordero
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | - Manuel Oropesa-Ávila
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | | | - Manuel De Miguel
- />Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 41009 Spain
| | | | - Eloy Rivas Infante
- />Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | - Patricia Ybot
- />Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS)-CSIC, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
| | | | - José A. Sánchez-Alcázar
- />Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, 41013 Spain
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Carmona-López MI, De Miguel M, Galera-Ruiz H, Ríos-Moreno MJ, Fernández A, Galera-Davidson H. Molecular study of signaling-pathway genes in experimental rat thyroid carcinoma. Endocr Res 2012; 37:188-96. [PMID: 22630346 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2012.664801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A study was conducted on histological patterns and biomolecular changes in Goitrogen-induced experimental rat thyroid tumors. The link between the histological types observed and N-ras, B-raf, and PI3KCA gene mutations widely reported in human thyroid cancers was explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS An analysis was done on paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections from Wistar rats receiving 1% potassium perchlorate (KClO(4)) added to the ad libitum drinking-water supply over an 18-month period. Three experimental subgroups were formed, each comprising 10 thyroids: subgroup I (control) consisted of thyroids from untreated controls; subgroups II and III (experimental) consisted of thyroids from KClO(4)-treated rats, displaying capsular, vascular, or both invasion but no metastasis (II), or distant metastasis (III). DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues. To test for the genetic mutations most widely reported in human thyroid cancers, exon 1 of the N-ras gene, exons 9 and 20 of the PI3KCA gene, and exon 15 of the B-raf gene were amplified and sequenced. RESULTS All tumors were of the follicular type. None of the 20 experimental rat thyroids displayed the expected gene mutations reported in humans. However, 90% of them contained four new B-raf gene mutations and all were silent and did not cause an amino acid substitution in the protein chain. CONCLUSIONS Biomolecular analysis suggested that N-ras, PI3KCA, and B-raf gene mutations may not be involved in thyroid tumor formation using the experimental procedure applied in this study. But the four mutations in B-raf, though without functional repercussions, may be a specific marker for this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Inés Carmona-López
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Cordero MD, Alcocer-Gómez E, Cano-García FJ, De Miguel M, Carrión AM, Navas P, Sánchez Alcázar JA. Clinical symptoms in fibromyalgia are better associated to lipid peroxidation levels in blood mononuclear cells rather than in plasma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26915. [PMID: 22046409 PMCID: PMC3203929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined lipid peroxidation (LPO) in blood mononuclear cells (BMCs) and plasma, as a marker of oxidative damage, and its association to clinical symptoms in Fibromyalgia (FM) patients. METHODS We conducted a case-control and correlational study comparing 65 patients and 45 healthy controls. Clinical parameters were evaluated using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), visual analogues scales (VAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Oxidative stress was determined by measuring LPO in BMCs and plasma. RESULTS We found increased LPO levels in BMCs and plasma from FM patients as compared to normal control (P<0.001). A significant correlation between LPO in BMCs and clinical parameters was observed (r = 0.584, P<0.001 for VAS; r = 0.823, P<0.001 for FIQ total score; and r = 0.875, P<0.01 for depression in the BDI). We also found a positive correlation between LPO in plasma and clinical symptoms (r = 0.452, P<0.001 for VAS; r = 0.578, P<0.001 for FIQ total score; and r = 0.579, P<0.001 for depression in the BDI). Partial correlation analysis controlling for age and BMI, and sex, showed that both LPO in cells and plasma were independently associated to clinical symptoms. However, LPO in cells, but not LPO in plasma, was independently associated to clinical symptoms when controlling for depression (BDI scores). DISCUSSION The results of this study suggest a role for oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia and that LPO in BMCs rather than LPO in plasma is better associated to clinical symptoms in FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D Cordero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Sevilla, Spain.
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Cotán D, Cordero MD, Garrido-Maraver J, Oropesa-Ávila M, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Gómez Izquierdo L, De la Mata M, De Miguel M, Lorite JB, Infante ER, Jackson S, Navas P, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Secondary coenzyme Q10 deficiency triggers mitochondria degradation by mitophagy in MELAS fibroblasts. FASEB J 2011; 25:2669-87. [PMID: 21551238 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-165340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a mitochondrial disease most usually caused by point mutations in tRNA genes encoded by mtDNA. Here, we report on how this mutation affects mitochondrial function in primary fibroblast cultures established from 2 patients with MELAS who harbored the A3243G mutation. Both mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities and coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ) levels were significantly decreased in MELAS fibroblasts. A similar decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was found in intact MELAS fibroblasts. Mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with increased oxidative stress and the activation of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), which triggered the degradation of impaired mitochondria. Furthermore, we found defective autophagosome elimination in MELAS fibroblasts. Electron and fluorescence microscopy studies confirmed a massive degradation of mitochondria and accumulation of autophagosomes, suggesting mitophagy activation and deficient autophagic flux. Transmitochondrial cybrids harboring the A3243G mutation also showed CoQ deficiency and increased autophagy activity. All these abnormalities were partially restored by CoQ supplementation. Autophagy in MELAS fibroblasts was also abolished by treatment with antioxidants or cyclosporine, suggesting that both reactive oxygen species and MPT participate in this process. Furthermore, prevention of autophagy in MELAS fibroblasts resulted in apoptotic cell death, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in MELAS fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cotán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla 41013, Spain
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Abstract
It is widely held that solid cell nests (SCN) of the thyroid are ultimobranchial body remnants. SCNs are composed of main cells and C cells. It has been suggested that main cells might be pluripotent cells contributing to the histogenesis of C cells and follicular cells, as well as to the formation of certain thyroid tumors. The present study sought to analyze the immunohistochemical profile of SCN and to investigate the potential stem cell role of SCN main cells. Tissue sections from ten cases of nodular hyperplasia (non-tumor goiter) with SCNs were retrieved from the files of the Hospital Infanta Luisa (Seville, Spain). Parathormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1), galectin 3 (GAL3), cytokeratin 19 (CK 19), p63, bcl-2, OCT4, and SALL4 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Patient clinical data were collected, and tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological examination. Most cells stained negative for PTH, CT, TG, and TTF-1. Some cells staining positive for TTF-1 and CT required discussion. However, bcl-2, p63, GAL3, and CK 19 protein expression was detected in main cells. OCT4 protein expression was detected in only two cases, and SALL4 expression in none. Positive staining for bcl-2 and p63, and negative staining for PTH, CT, and TG in SCN main cells are both consistent with the widely accepted minimalist definition of stem cells, thus supporting the hypothesis that they may play a stem cell role in the thyroid gland, although further research will be required into stem cell markers. Furthermore, p63 and GAL-3 staining provides a much more sensitive means of detecting SCNs than staining for carcinoembryonic antigen, calcitonin, or other markers; this may help to distinguish SCNs from their mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ríos Moreno
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Hugo Galera-Ruiz
- Departamento de Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel De Miguel
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - María Inés Carmona López
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Matilde Illanes
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Hugo Galera-Davidson
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
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Cordero MD, De Miguel M, Moreno Fernández AM, Carmona López IM, Garrido Maraver J, Cotán D, Gómez Izquierdo L, Bonal P, Campa F, Bullon P, Navas P, Sánchez Alcázar JA. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy activation in blood mononuclear cells of fibromyalgia patients: implications in the pathogenesis of the disease. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R17. [PMID: 20109177 PMCID: PMC2875645 DOI: 10.1186/ar2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 01/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome with unknown etiology. Recent studies have shown some evidence demonstrating that oxidative stress may have a role in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia. However, it is still not clear whether oxidative stress is the cause or the effect of the abnormalities documented in fibromyalgia. Furthermore, the role of mitochondria in the redox imbalance reported in fibromyalgia also is controversial. We undertook this study to investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and mitophagy in fibromyalgia. Methods We studied 20 patients (2 male, 18 female patients) from the database of the Sevillian Fibromyalgia Association and 10 healthy controls. We evaluated mitochondrial function in blood mononuclear cells from fibromyalgia patients measuring, coenzyme Q10 levels with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mitochondrial membrane potential with flow cytometry. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring mitochondrial superoxide production with MitoSOX™ and lipid peroxidation in blood mononuclear cells and plasma from fibromyalgia patients. Autophagy activation was evaluated by quantifying the fluorescence intensity of LysoTracker™ Red staining of blood mononuclear cells. Mitophagy was confirmed by measuring citrate synthase activity and electron microscopy examination of blood mononuclear cells. Results We found reduced levels of coenzyme Q10, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased levels of mitochondrial superoxide in blood mononuclear cells, and increased levels of lipid peroxidation in both blood mononuclear cells and plasma from fibromyalgia patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also associated with increased expression of autophagic genes and the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria with mitophagy. Conclusions These findings may support the role of oxidative stress and mitophagy in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D Cordero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, Ctra, de Utrera, km, 1, ISCIII, Sevilla 41013, Spain.
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Otero L, Alcala B, Varela JA, Miguel MD, Vazquez JA, Vazquez F. First isolate of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain associated with an ofloxacin treatment failure in Spain: case report. Sex Transm Dis 2001; 28:576-8. [PMID: 11689756 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-200110000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Otero
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain
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Uría DF, Calatayud M, Mongelos JM, Miguel MD, Cobos A, Suárez T. [Meningopolyneuritis as a manifestation of Lyme disease]. Med Clin (Barc) 1987; 89:381-3. [PMID: 3669789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Miguel MD, Sabater P. [Health. A psychosocial study]. Rev Enferm 1986; 9:47-52. [PMID: 3640527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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