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Fredericks M, Kondellas B, Hang L, Fredericks J, Ross MWV. Chiropractic physicians: toward a select conceptual understanding of bureaucratic structures and functions in the health care institution. J Chiropr Humanit 2011; 18:64-73. [PMID: 22693481 PMCID: PMC3342833 DOI: 10.1016/j.echu.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to present select concepts and theories of bureaucratic structures and functions so that chiropractic physicians and other health care professionals can use them in their respective practices. The society-culture-personality model can be applied as an organizational instrument for assisting chiropractors in the diagnosis and treatment of their patients irrespective of locality. DISCUSSION Society-culture-personality and social meaningful interaction are examined in relationship to the structural and functional aspects of bureaucracy within the health care institution of a society. Implicit in the examination of the health care bureaucratic structures and functions of a society is the focus that chiropractic physicians and chiropractic students learn how to integrate, synthesize, and actualize values and virtues such as empathy, integrity, excellence, diversity, compassion, caring, and understanding with a deep commitment to self-reflection. CONCLUSION It is essential that future and current chiropractic physicians be aware of the structural and functional aspects of an organization so that chiropractic and other health care professionals are able to deliver care that involves the ingredients of quality, affordability, availability, accessibility, and continuity for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Fredericks
- Professor, Department of Sociology, and Director, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Bill Kondellas
- Instructor, Department of Educational Inquiry and Curriculum Studies, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
| | - Lam Hang
- Massachusetts Board Certified Chiropractic Physician, Director, BT Chiropractic Health Center Inc., Dorchester, MA
| | - Janet Fredericks
- Dean and Professor, Graduate College, and Director of International Programs, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael WV Ross
- Research Assistant, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Fredericks M, Lyons L, Kondellas B, Ross MW, Hang L, Fredericks J. Chiropractic physicians: an analysis of select issues for the use of electronic medical records and the patient-practitioner relationship within the society-culture-personality model. J Chiropr Humanit 2009; 16:13-20. [PMID: 22693462 PMCID: PMC3342804 DOI: 10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to explain how new systems of medical technology, specifically electronic medical records, are playing an increasingly crucial role in the modern health care system. By examining these new developments associated with electronic medical technology and the society-culture-personality model, these aforementioned theoretical frameworks might assist chiropractors in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of their patients. DISCUSSION The society-culture-personality model can be used as an organizational instrument for assisting chiropractors in developing a better understanding and appreciation of the interrelationships between electronic medical records technology and the society-culture-personality model. The socially meaningful interaction established through electronic medical records technology may enhance communication between the health care professionals and the patient and thereby could improve the quality of care. CONCLUSION It is essential that future and current chiropractic physicians be aware of the ramifications and changes brought about by electronic medical records technology so that they can integrate, synthesize, and actualize the results to deliver care that involves the ingredients of quality, affordability, availability, accessibility, and continuity for their patients. If these outcomes are examined consistently and well, future chiropractic physicians will be able to transfer the traditions of excellence, dedication, and creativity of the health care profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Fredericks
- Professor, Department of Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Director, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Luke Lyons
- Discovery Education, Division of Discovery Communications, Evanston, IL
| | - Bill Kondellas
- Instructor, Department of Educational Leadership and Development, College of Education, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael W.V. Ross
- Research Assistant, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lam Hang
- Chiropractic Practitioner, Dorchester, MA
| | - Janet Fredericks
- Dean and Professor, Graduate College, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
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Fredericks M, Kondellas B, Ross MW, Hang L, Fredericks J. Future chiropractic physicians: toward a synthesis of select concepts in the behavioral sciences in health care and the society-culture-personality model for the 21st century. J Chiropr Humanit 2009; 16:5-12. [PMID: 22693461 PMCID: PMC3342810 DOI: 10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 08/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to offer aspects of a conceptual model that can be applied as an organizational instrument for aiding preclinical and clinical chiropractic students to develop a thorough understanding of their roles among the next generation of health care providers for the 21st century. DISCUSSION It is necessary for chiropractic physicians to comprehend the basis of the society-culture-personality model as an organizational device in the health care institution. The structure of the family and the socialization process as conceptual components of the model may allow an enriched understanding of their interrelationships and thereby could expand and provide quality care for patients as a whole. CONCLUSION The society-culture-personality model has the potential for synthesizing the features of the socialization process and the family in relation to the institution of health care. This model is particularly appropriate for the needs of the next generation of health care professionals (chiropractic physicians, physicians, dentists, nurses, and osteopathic physicians) who may not have had the chance to be exposed entirely to the behavioral sciences in health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Fredericks
- Professor, Department of Sociology, and Director, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Bill Kondellas
- Instructor, Department of Educational Leadership and Development, College of Education, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael W.V. Ross
- Research Assistant, Office of Research in Medical Sociology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lam Hang
- Chiropractic Practitioner, Dorchester, MA
| | - Janet Fredericks
- Dean and Professor, Graduate College, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL
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Abstract
In this article, the authors attempt an initial exploration of the relevancy of the newly emerging field of mixed-methods research for educational evaluation. They give a brief introduction concerning the intent and variety of mixed-methods designs and models. They focus the analysis on some of the general issues and problems of this emerging field, including the lack of clear-cut procedural rules and differing ontological commitments. However, they argue that a particular form of mixed-methods design called quantitative-dominant sequential analysis might prove useful for some educational evaluation and policy studies.
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Fredericks M, Odiet JA, Miller SI, Fredericks J. Toward a conceptual reexamination of the patient-physician relationship in the healthcare institution for the new millennium. J Natl Med Assoc 2006; 98:378-85. [PMID: 16573302 PMCID: PMC2576134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a crisis in the patient-physician relationship. Mass media, managed care and malpractice are just a few factors that contribute to a lack of trust, understanding and loyalty in the patient-physician relationship. We have experienced some select concepts within the Society, Culture and Personality (SCP) model. In it, we explore how social class, age, race, ethnicity and family background of the patient impact upon the patient-physician relationships. The analysis of the sick role is most prominent, and in this interactive process empathy must be given to each person who seeks medical help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Fredericks
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Abstract
In this brief analysis, the authors suggest that naturalistic inquiry as a field must return to a more rigorous interpretation of epistemological issues. The need is highlighted by the fact that ideological and methodological claims are increasingly becoming conflated. This produces a distancing of what is truly at stake: a need to defend a genuine epistemological theory consistent with the aims of naturalistic perspectives and establish some ontological commitments as a result. The authors argue that the epistemological theory of process reliabilism is worth examining critically. They also suggest its consistency with the ontological claims of minimal realism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven I Miller
- Department of Leadership, Foundations, and Counseling Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, USA
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Fredericks M, Temple RB. Solubility of metallic oxides and the free energy of solvation of oxide ion in molten alkali metal nitrates. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50111a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The rapidly expanding discipline of interpretive inquiry, especially in its narrative analysis form, has not been fully cognizant of certain crucial epistemological and methodological assumptions that form the ultimate basis of its purpose. Even after abandoning traditional positivist views, the related disciplines within the human sciences that are engaged in interpretive inquiry have still not discovered the core implicit assumptions that militate against a full acceptance of this form of inquiry. This article outlines the locus of these implicit assumptions and then argues that the legitimacy of these enterprises must be grounded in a well-known but heretofore undiscovered perspective, namely, Wittgenstein's notion of a family resemblance. It is argued that this metaphoric phrase is the key to unlocking the real and unique nature of narrative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Miller
- Department of Philosophy, Loyola University, USA
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Miller SI, Fredericks M. Hearing discordant voices: some notes on using Bayes's theorem in interpretive inquiry. Qual Health Res 1998; 8:393-398. [PMID: 10558338 DOI: 10.1177/104973239800800309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The focus of these brief comments is to argue that Bayes's theorem may have conceptual and pedagogical applications for qualitative analysis. We suggest that the theorem is a salient alternative voice for the development of sensitizing concepts. It is also proposed that the theorem is a useful heuristic for raising deep-structure issues such as the nature of qualitative evidence and how such evidence becomes confirming for a given claim.
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Miller SI, Fredericks M. Perceptions of the Crisis in American Public Education: The Relationship of Metaphors to Ideology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1207/s15327868ms0502_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
Studies were performed in the awake, chronically catheterized male Sprague-Dawley rat to investigate renal hemodynamics in the baseline state and also in response to a large intravenous (IV) amino acid (glycine) load. Studies were performed in young adult rats (age 3 to 4 months), old rats (age 18 months), and senescent rats (age 22 to 24 months). Histologic evaluation of the kidney permitted a correlation between structural and functional changes with aging. Histology showed progressive glomerular damage (sclerosis) with aging. In 18-month-old rats, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was normal, which, considering the level of glomerular injury (only 64% normal glomeruli), must indicate heterogeneity of glomerular function, with some hyperfunctioning glomeruli. By 22 to 24 months of age (at which time approximately 50% mortality has occurred in males of this strain), GFR is substantially reduced, as is renal plasma flow rate (RPF). Severe glomerular damage was observed histologically (only 34% normal glomeruli), indicating widespread heterogeneity of glomerular function. Young adult rats displayed a substantial renal vasodilation in response to acute IV glycine infusion, which resulted in approximately 25% increases in GFR and RPF. The renal vascular responsivity to glycine was diminished at 18 months and was completely absent in 22- to 24-month-old rats. This altered renal vasodilatory response to glycine probably reflects both structural changes associated with aging and also the compensatory vasodilation of intact hyperfunctioning remnant nephrons as other nephrons are lost due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baylis
- Department of Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown
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Abstract
Aging is associated with the appearance of a selective proteinuria which cannot be attributed to any specific underlying renal disease. The present studies were conducted in conscious, chronically catheterized young (3-4 months), non-proteinuric male rats and old (22-25 months), proteinuric males to determine the mechanism(s) of the proteinuria. Compared with young males, old proteinuric rats had increased blood pressure, reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow and heavy proteinuria. Fractional clearance of neutral dextran (D) and anionic dextran sulfate (DS) were both significantly increased at the 36 A molecular radius in old rats; the increase in DS fractional clearance being greater than the increase in D fractional clearance. The proteinuria of aging is therefore due to moderate increases in glomerular permeability and, more importantly, to loss of fixed glomerular polyanion. Striking glomerular morphologic changes were also evident in the old rats including thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and extensive glomerular sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baylis
- Department of Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506
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Abstract
The activities of five hydrolytic enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatase, hexosaminidase [N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase], beta-galactosidase, and beta-glucorinidase) were measured in reconstituted homogenates of lyophilized human brain tissue and primary and metastatic tumors. The linearity of reaction, with respect to incubation time, and optimal pH of each enzyme and in tumor tissues were comparable to those in normal brain tissue. Total enzyme activities of hexosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and beta-galactosidase were significantly higher in tumors than in normal cerebral white matter. The ratio of hexosaminidase activity to beta-glucuronidase activity was significantly lower for metastatic than for primary tumors or normal white matter. When histological observations do not clearly establish if a brain tumor is primary or metastatic, this ratio may help. Alteration of hydrolytic enzyme activities as demonstrated here may be indicative of "ket enzymes" that are essential for maintaining the metabolic advantages of tumors.
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Abstract
Estimation of activity of five hydrolytic enzymes was made in foru histologically different types of human meningiomas derived from surgery. The hydrolytic enzymes examined in 13 tumors included four lysosomal enzymes: beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (hexosaminidase), beta-galactosidase, and acid phosphatase. The fifth enzyme studied was alkaline phosphatase. The one papillary-type meningioma examined appeared to contain generally greater activities of the lysosomal enzymes than the other tumor types. Alkaline phosphatase was decidedly greater in transitional type meningiomas. The correlation of histological types with alkaline phosphatase activity is discussed with regard to previous observations.
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Ramsey RB, Fredericks M. Effect of hypocholesterolemic agents on central nervous system cholesterol biosynthesis. II. AY-9944 and AY-9944 plus zuclomiphene. Biochem Pharmacol 1977; 26:1169-73. [PMID: 70208 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(77)90063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ramsey RB, Fredericks M. Effect of hypocholesterolemic agents on central nervous system cholesterol biosynthesis. I. Zuclomiphene. Biochem Pharmacol 1977; 26:1161-7. [PMID: 889582 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(77)90062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ramsey RB, Atallah A, Fredericks M, Nicholas HJ. The effect of non-ionic detergents and phospholipase A on enzymes involved in adult rat brain sterol biosynthesis from (2-14C)-mevalonic acid in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 61:170-7. [PMID: 4441393 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Lobene RR, Fredericks M, Mundy P. The relationship between social class stress--anxiety responses, achievement, and professional attitudes of dental hygiene students. J Am Dent Hyg Assoc 1972; 46:113-7. [PMID: 4502614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
Water vapour has been
deliberately introduced into an oxygen gas electrode in an equimolar NaXO3-KNO3
melt at 300�. When this is done the slope of the line obtained for ECe11
against log[O2-]Total changes from the 2.303RT/2F
obtained with dry oxygen to almost exactly 2.303RT/F. On discontinuing the
passage of water vapour into the melt, the cell reverts to its original
condition within 3 hr. These experimental results are discussed theoretically.
The results also yield a value of 3.2 x 10-2 for the equilibrium
constant of the reaction
O2 + H2O = 2OH-
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Abstract
The behaviour of several oxoanions (HSO4-, HSO3-, NO2-,
ClO4-, ClO3-,
SO42-,
SO32-) dissolved in a molten NaNO3-KNO3
eutectic at 300�C was studied by means of an oxygen electrode.
NaHSO4 and NaHSO3 were
found to decompose very rapidly to form S2O72-
or S2O52-,
and water. NO2-, SO42-,
and SO32- were found to dissociate to a measurable extent
to form O2- and the
equilibrium constants were determined for these dissociations. SO42- and SO32-
appear to dissociate according to the equations
SO42- ←→ SO3 + O2
And
SO32- ←→ SO2 + O2
in which SO3 and
SO2 remain solvated in the melt under the conditions used. ClO4- was found to be completely
stable in the melt, but ClO3-
appears to form an adduct with O2-. Tentatively assuming that the
reaction is
ClO3- + O2-←→ ClO43-
we have found the
equilibrium constant to be 3.57 x 103.
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Lobene RR, Fredericks M, Mundy P. Analysis of board certification examination scores and personality characteristics of dental assisting students. Dent Assist (1931) 1971; 40:17-21. [PMID: 5287347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Amble BR, Kelly FJ, Fredericks M, Dingman P. Assessment of patients by psychotherapists. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1968; 38:476-481. [PMID: 5645643 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.1968.tb00582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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