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Vasquez-Arteaga M, Vega-Carrillo HR, Acuña-Peralta L, Rodriguez Nomura H, Vasquez-Silva M, Flores Urquiaga H. Dosimetric evaluation of 123I (Iodide) and 99mTc (Pertechnetate) in the thyroid of neonates using Cristy-Eckerman and Segars anatomical representations. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 199:110877. [PMID: 37302297 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using the MIRD formalism, and the Cristy-Eckeman and Segars anthropomorphic representations, the absorbed dose in the thyroid of newborns, was calculated when 123I (iodide) and 99mTc (pertechnetate) are used during the diagnostic procedures. The dose results will allow exploring the dosimetric impact generated by the use of these radiopharmaceutical compounds and the use of two representations. Regardless the radiopharmaceutical compound and the anthropomorphic representation is the thyroid self-dose is the greatest, due to electrons emitted during the 123I and 99mTc radioisotopes. The relative difference in total dose to the newborn thyroid gland using the Cristy-Eckerman and Segars anthropomorphic representations for the compounds 123I(iodide) and 99mTc(pertechnetate) is 1.82%, and 1.33%, respectively. Regardless of the radiopharmaceutical compound, the replacement of Cristy-Eckerman by Segars phantom does not reflect significant changes in the estimated absorbed dose to the newborn thyroid. Regardless of the anthropomorphic representation, the lowest absorbed dose in newborn's thyroid is obtained when using 99mTc (pertechnetate) is used due to the residence times.
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Vazquez-Bañuelos J, Campillo-Rivera GE, Vega-Carrillo HR, Torres-Cortes CO, Marquez-Mata CA, Vasquez-Arteaga M. Spectra, fluence and absorbed doses in sensitive organs due to scattered X-rays during a chest CT. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110723. [PMID: 36804700 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of ionizing radiation for the treatment and diagnosis of diseases is becoming more frequent. The technologies associated with diagnostic imaging are constantly evolving, allowing faster and cheaper diagnoses to benefit the patient. However, this has caused an increase in the exposure to ionizing radiation of patients and health professionals. One of the diagnostic techniques for obtaining high-resolution anatomical images of patients is computed tomography (CT). Due to the detail and quality of the images obtained with CT, its use is becoming more frequent. The information provided by these images allows the specialist to make better diagnoses; however, exposure to X-rays deposits a dose in the patient. CT represents approximately 20% of all X-ray examinations but it is responsible for 70% of the medical dose accumulated by the patient. During the acquisition of the images, the highest dose is deposited in the area of the body whose image is to be obtained. During the incidence of X-rays, there is dispersion of these that reach sensitive organs whose dose is not evaluated. The objective of this work was to estimate, using Monte Carlo methods, the fluence and X-ray spectra and to obtain a factor that allows knowing the absorbed dose in sensitive organs due to scattered radiation during a chest CT. With the MCNP5 code, the CT equipment and a hybrid anthropomorphic phantom, type BOMAB it was found that the absorbed dose in these organs depends on the size of the organ and the distance between the organ and the surface of the slice on the thorax where the X-rays are incident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Vazquez-Bañuelos
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Ramon Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico.
| | - Guillermo Eduardo Campillo-Rivera
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Ramon Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
| | - Hector Rene Vega-Carrillo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Ramon Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico; Unidad Académica de Estudios Nucleares, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Ciprés 10, Fracc. La Peñuela, 98060, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
| | - Carina Oliva Torres-Cortes
- Unidad Academica de Ingenieria I, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Ramon Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
| | - Claudia Angelica Marquez-Mata
- ITM/Instituto Tecnologico de Aguascalientes, Av. Adolfo Lopez Mateos Ote. 1801, Bona Gens, 20256, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico
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Vega-Carrillo HR, Vazquez-Bañuelos J, Campillo-Rivera GE, Garcia-Reyna MG, Marquez-Mata CA, Vasquez-Arteaga M. Doses and spectra, of leaking-out and scattered photons from X-ray tubes used in dentistry. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 189:110451. [PMID: 36115292 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis by X-ray image are procedures widely used to improve the diagnosis or to follow the evolution of a medical procedure, also are used to support the cancer treatment with linear accelerators. The procedure involves the X-ray unit and the detection system, while the X-ray beam is projected onto the patient; along this procedure X-rays are scattered out from the patient body and X-rays leak-out from the X-ray unit. Both, the scattered and the leaking out radiation, are important during the evaluation or the design of the shielding barriers. X-ray tube features like voltage, electric current, target and filter are related to the dose due to the scattered and leakage radiation. Also, the dose due to the scattered radiation depends upon the scattering angle; while the dose due to the leaking out radiation, depend upon the X-ray tube housing. The objective of this work was to estimate, using Monte Carlo methods, the X-ray spectra and doses (air Kerma and Ambient dose equivalent) produced by scattered and leaking out radiation of 70, 80 and 90 kV X-ray units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Rene Vega-Carrillo
- Unidad Académica de Estudios Nucleares, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Ciprés 10, Fracc. La Peñuela, 98060, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, UaIE de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico.
| | - Joel Vazquez-Bañuelos
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, UaIE de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico.
| | - Guillermo Eduardo Campillo-Rivera
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, UaIE de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
| | - Mayra Guadalupe Garcia-Reyna
- Programa de Doctorado en Ingenieria y Tecnologia Aplicada, UaIE de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Av. Lopez Velarde 800, Col. Centro, 98000, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
| | - Claudia Angelica Marquez-Mata
- ITM/Instituto Tecnologico de Aguascalientes,Av, Adolfo Lopez Mateos 1801 Ote., Frac. Bona Gens, 20256, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico
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Vega-Carrillo HR, Campillo-Rivera GE, Vazquez-Bañuelos J, Garcia-Reyna MG, Moreira-del Rio DE, Sanchez-Ortiz A, Baltazar-Raigosa A, Vasquez-Arteaga M. Spectra, ΓH*(10) and ΓKa produced by X-ray tubes, with Mo and Rh targets, in the diagnostic energy range. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Vasquez-Arteaga M, Vega-Carrillo HR, Carlos Saavedra L, Carlos Rodriguez B, Huber Rodriguez N, Roger Chanduvi C, Marcela Vasquez S. Dosimetric evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals in kidneys and uterine wall of a woman with early pregnancy using Stabin/Segars representations. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109888. [PMID: 34403929 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MIRD method with the Stabin/Segars anthropomorphic representations were used to calculate the absorbed doses in kidneys and uterine wall of an early-stage pregnant woman when 99mTc (DTPA), 99mTc (DMSA) and 99mTc (MAG3) are used for renal studies. Stabin and Segars anatomical representations are phantoms that are used in Monte Carlo calculations to determine the SAF, that with the pharmaceutical residence time are used to calculate the absorbed dose, from source organs, on target organs. Concerns about the impact on the absorbed dose due to the use of the three 99mTc-based compounds as well as the use of different phantoms were here treated for the case of a female at early pregnant state. The lowest absorbed dose in the kidneys was obtained with 99mTc (MAG3), and the relative difference of using Stabin and Segars anthropomorphic representations was 2.5%. For bladder and rest of organs the relative difference 14.63%. The lowest absorbed dose by uterine wall was obtained with 99mTc(DMSA), however the relative difference of using Stabin and Segars anthropomorphic representations was 12%.
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Campillo-Rivera GE, Torres-Cortes CO, Vazquez-Bañuelos J, Garcia-Reyna MG, Marquez-Mata CA, Vasquez-Arteaga M, Vega-Carrillo HR. X-ray spectra and gamma factors from 70 to 120 kV X-ray tube voltages. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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