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Nikolova K, Gentscheva G, Gyurova D, Pavlova V, Dincheva I, Velikova M, Gerasimova A, Makedonski L, Gergov G. Metabolomic Profile of Arthrospira platensis from a Bulgarian Bioreactor-A Potential Opportunity for Inclusion in Dietary Supplements. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:174. [PMID: 38398682 PMCID: PMC10890032 DOI: 10.3390/life14020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to elucidate the metabolomic profile of Arthrospira platensis grown in a bioreactor in Bulgaria. The results show that Arthrospira platensis has a high content of mannose, 137.02 mg g-1, and vitamin A (retinol)-10.3 μg/100 g. High concentrations of calcium, sulfur, and zinc distinguish its elemental composition. The freeze-dried powder contained 15.81 ± 0.45% dietary fiber, 50.16 ± 0.25% total protein content, and 1.22 ± 0.11% total fat content. Among the unsaturated fatty acids with the highest content is α-linolenic acid (25.28%), while among the saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid prevails (22.55%). Of the sterols in the sample, β-sitosterol predominated. There is no presence of microcystins LR, RR, YR, and nodularin. Therefore, Arthrospira platensis grown in a Bulgarian bioreactor is safe for use in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Many of the organic compounds found have applications in medicine and pharmacology and play an important role in biochemical processes in the body. Therefore, Arthrospira platensis grown in Bulgaria has a high potential for use as an independent food supplement or in combination with other natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krastena Nikolova
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University—Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galia Gentscheva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University—Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Desislava Gyurova
- Department of Analytical and Laboratory Activities, National Center of Public Health and Analyses—Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.G.)
| | - Vera Pavlova
- Department of Analytical and Laboratory Activities, National Center of Public Health and Analyses—Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.G.)
| | - Ivayla Dincheva
- Department of Agrobiotechnologies, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Margarita Velikova
- Department of Physiology, Medical University—Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Anelia Gerasimova
- Department of Chemistry, Medical University—Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Lubomir Makedonski
- Department of Chemistry, Medical University—Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Georgi Gergov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bontchev Str., Bl.103, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Nikolova K, Velikova M, Gentscheva G, Gerasimova A, Slavov P, Harbaliev N, Makedonski L, Buhalova D, Petkova N, Gavrilova A. Chemical Compositions, Pharmacological Properties and Medicinal Effects of Genus Passiflora L.: A Review. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:228. [PMID: 38256781 PMCID: PMC10820460 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Practically all aboveground plants parts of Passiflora vines can be included in the compositions of dietary supplements, medicines, and cosmetics. It has a diverse chemical composition and a wide range of biologically active components that determine its diverse pharmacological properties. Studies related to the chemical composition of the plant are summarized here, and attention has been paid to various medical applications-(1) anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective; (2) anti-depressant; (3) antidiabetic; (4) hepatoprotective; (5) antibacterial and antifungal; and (6) antipyretic and other. This review includes studies on the safety, synergistic effects, and toxicity that may occur with the use of various dietary supplements based on it. Attention has been drawn to its application in cosmetics and to patented products containing passionflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krastena Nikolova
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Margarita Velikova
- Department of Physiology, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Galia Gentscheva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Gerasimova
- Department of Chemistry, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Pavlo Slavov
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (P.S.)
| | - Nikolay Harbaliev
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (P.S.)
| | - Lubomir Makedonski
- Department of Chemistry, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Dragomira Buhalova
- Department of Nutrient and Catering, University of Food Technology, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Nadezhda Petkova
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technology, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Anna Gavrilova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Medical University-Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
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Velikova M, Doncheva D, Tashev R. CB1-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST SR-141716A MODULATES LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY IN OBX-RATS. JofIMAB 2022. [DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2022281.4202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the endocannabinoid system has been related to depressive-like behavior. In our study, bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) was used as an animal model of depression. We evaluated the effect of the selective CB1-antagonist SR-141716A (Rimonabant) on the exploratory and locomotor activity of OBX-rats. Rimonabant was administered intragastrically for 14 days to OBX-rats, divided into 3 experimental groups, where the drug was given before; immediately (1-14 days) after; or 14 days (14-28 day) after OBX. Exploratory and locomotor activity of OBX-rats was tested in an Opto-Varimex apparatus. SR-141716A, administered subchronically, intragastrically exerted locomotor stimulating effects in OBX- and sham-operated rats, while the exploratory activity was not affected. The time interval for the drug administration is of significance for the manifestation of the effects on locomotor activity in OBX-rats. SR-141716A applied 14 days before OBX or after the development of a depressive-like state (14-28 days after OBX), but not immediately after OBX (1-14 days) aggravated the OBX-induced hyperlocomotor state.
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Velikova M, Doncheva D, Tashev R. Subchronic effects of ligands of cannabinoid receptors on learning and memory processes of olfactory bulbectomized rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Velikova M, Doncheva D, Tashev R. Subchronic effects of ligands of cannabinoid receptors on learning and memory processes of olfactory bulbectomized rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020; 80:286-296. [PMID: 32990286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The brain endocannabinoid system has been shown to play a role in many physiological processes, including mood, learning and memory. It is also involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, as well as neurodegenerative disorders, although the exact mechanisms by which cannabinoid receptors interfere in these disorders are not well established. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cannabinoid ligands HU‑210 (CB1 receptor agonist) and SR 141716A (CB1 receptor antagonist) on learning and memory processes of rats with depressive - like state, induced by bilateral olfactory bulbectomy. The bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) is a validated model of depression, which can be used also as an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. We found that the subchronic treatment of OBX rats with HU 210 and SR 141716A exerted modulatory effect on rat's performance in both active avoidance (shuttle box) and passive avoidance (step through) tests. HU 210 ameliorated the memory deficits of OBX rats; however, the scores of the sham‑operated controls had not been reached. SR 141716A modified the avoidance performance in OBX rats and showed a memory enhancing effect in the sham‑operated rats. Our findings suggest that CB1 receptors might be involved in avoidance learning and memory acquisition in OBX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Velikova
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria,
| | - Dobrinka Doncheva
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Roman Tashev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Georgieva S, Kinova E, Iordanov V, Gudev A, Tzekova V, Velikova M. Acute heart failure after treatment with 5-fluorouracil. J BUON 2007; 12:113-6. [PMID: 17436411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthracycline cardiotoxicity is cumulative and can cause congestive heart failure. The cardiotoxicity caused by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is acute and is usually observed during the first cycle of chemotherapy. We present the case of a female patient operated on for colorectal cancer and receiving her first postoperative chemotherapy cycle. Three hours after the initiation of continuous 5-FU infusion she developed signs of acute heart failure (AHF) and pulmonary edema. The patient did not have any previous history of heart disease. Symptoms resolved 24 hours from the onset of the episode after the initiation of the relevant emergency therapy. One of the most common symptoms related to 5-FU cardiotoxicity is chest pain. In case of such a toxicity treatment should be switched to another antineoplastic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Georgieva
- Oncotherapeutic Clinic, Queen Giovanna Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Velikova M. Study of the effect of the nature of catalyst systems on the molecular structure and properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Eur Polym J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(00)00244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Three ent-kaurene diterpenoids, not previously described as constituents of propolis, were isolated from a sample collected by Brazilian native bees Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides. One of them, kaurenoic acid, as well as the total extract, displayed moderate antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velikova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Philipov S, Ivanovska N, Istatkova R, Velikova M, Tuleva P. Phytochemical study and cytotoxic activity of alkaloids from Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. Pharmazie 2000; 55:688-9. [PMID: 11031775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical study of leaves of Uvaria chamae resulted in the isolation for the first time for the genus Uvaria of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (+)-armepavine (1) and racem. O,O-dimethylcoclaurine (2). The aporphines nornantenine (3), nantenine (4) and corydine (7) are new for the species. The alkaloids were found to express cytotoxic activity against L 929 transformed cells. The highest activity was shown by 1, 3, and 5. At a concentration corresponding to their IC50 against L929 cells, they were nontoxic against mouse thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Philipov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Velikova M, Bankova V, Sorkun K, Houcine S, Tsvetkova I, Kujumgiev A. Propolis from the Mediterranean region: chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. Z NATURFORSCH C 2000; 55:790-3. [PMID: 11098832 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2000-9-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of propolis from Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece and Algeria was investigated by GC-MS. All of them contained mainly flavonoids and esters of caffeic and ferulic acids, which indicated that their main source are buds of poplars of the taxonomic section Aegieros. Some Turkish samples contained a low percent of diterpenic acids, while in Algerian samples significant amounts of a hydroxyditerpenic acid (M=322, its structure not determined by its MS) were found. All samples showed significant antibacterial and weak to moderate antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velikova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia
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Velikova M, Bankova V, Marcucci MC, Tsvetkova I, Kujumgiev A. Chemical composition and biological activity of propolis from Brazilian meliponinae. Z NATURFORSCH C 2000; 55:785-9. [PMID: 11098831 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2000-9-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-one propolis samples produced by 12 different Meliponinae species were analyzed by GC-MS. Several chemical types of stingless bees' propolis could be grouped, according to the prevailing type of compounds like: 'gallic acid", "diterpenic" and "triterpenic" types. The results confirm that neither the bee species nor the geographical location determine the chemical composition of Meliponinae propolis and the choice of its plant source, respectively. This could be explained by the fact that Meliponinae forage over short distances (maximum 500 m) and thus use as propolis source the first plant exudate they encounter during their flights. The antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of the samples were also investigated. Most samples had weak or no activity against E. coli, weak action against Candida albicans. Some of them showed significant activity against St. aureus., presumably connected to the high concentration of diterpenic acids. Samples rich in diterpenic acids possessed also high cytotoxic activity (Artemia salina test).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velikova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia
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Velikova M, Damyanov D. Effect of carrier nature and monomer pressure on polymerization of ethylene with high activity catalyst system. Polym Bull (Berl) 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/s002890050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ganchev T, Dyankov E, Zacharieva R, Pachalieva I, Velikova M, Kavaldjieva B. Influence of aluminium on erythropoiesis, iron metabolism and some functional characteristics of erythrocytes in rats. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 1999; 23:27-31. [PMID: 10347617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The increased aluminium (Al) levels in serum of patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis are associated with impaired erythropoiesis and iron metabolism. The long term Al loading of rats (20 to 90 days) has similar effect. Data are still lacking about the effects after short-term aluminium treatment. The 7 day's treatment with Al2(SO4)3 in a dose 67.5 mg/kg b. w., i. m. m. significantly decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, incorporation of 59Fe in newly formed erythrocytes and increased reticulocytes in absolute and relative counts. We observed a mild degree hypochromic, ferropenic, microcytic anemia and polychromazia in the available macrocytes. The immature erythroblasts were predominant forms in the erythroblastogram while the number of mature erythroblasts was decreased. Index of maturation of erythroblasts was lower, indicating inhibited erythroblast maturation. Plasma iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation and 59Fe absorption in the experimental group were significantly decreased. Spontaneous and mechanical hemolysis of erythrocytes were lower while erythrocyte deformability was increased. Obviously, Al treatment inhibits erythropoiesis and iron metabolism, probably hinders hemoglobin synthesis and erythroid cell maturation but does not affect the studied functional characteristics of mature erythrocytes negatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ganchev
- Medical Univesity of Varna, Department of Physiology, Bulgaria
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Ganchev T, Mileva V, Velikova M, Georgieva M. Influence of reserpine on iron absorption in rats. Haematologia (Budap) 1998; 29:33-9. [PMID: 9704255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our investigations was to define the influence of reserpine on iron absorption in rats. Iron absorption was determined in vivo at the 24th hour and in situ in a tied-off intestinal segment. Five-days treatment with reserpine (1 mg/kg b.wt) led to suppressed bone marrow erythropoiesis, manifested a considerable decrease in reticulocyte count and in a percentage of 59Fe-incorporation into newly formed erythrocytes. Increased plasma iron and decreased plasma ferritin levels were found. Iron absorption was found to be significantly increased, in spite of the suppressed erythropoiesis. The major conclusions of the experiments are, that reserpine interferes with the regulation of iron metabolism and erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ganchev
- Department of Physiology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
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Damyanov D, Ivanov I, Velikova M. Filling of polyethylene by inorganic filler compounds during polymerization on the catalyst system TiCl4(C2H5)2AlCl(C6H5)2Mg. Eur Polym J 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(88)90030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Damyanov D, Velikova M, Petkov L. Catalytic activity of a supported catalyst for ethylene polymerization, obtained by modification of vulcasil with titanium tetrachloride vapour. Eur Polym J 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(79)90168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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