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Pischedda F, Cirnaru MD, Ponzoni L, Sandre M, Biosa A, Carrion MP, Marin O, Morari M, Pan L, Greggio E, Bandopadhyay R, Sala M, Piccoli G. LRRK2 G2019S kinase activity triggers neurotoxic NSF aggregation. Brain 2021; 144:1509-1525. [PMID: 33876242 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta and the presence of protein aggregates in surviving neurons. The LRRK2 G2019S mutation is one of the major determinants of familial Parkinson's disease cases and leads to late-onset Parkinson's disease with pleomorphic pathology, including α-synuclein accumulation and deposition of protein inclusions. We demonstrated that LRRK2 phosphorylates N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF). We observed aggregates containing NSF in basal ganglia specimens from patients with Parkinson's disease carrying the G2019S variant, and in cellular and animal models expressing the LRRK2 G2019S variant. We found that LRRK2 G2019S kinase activity induces the accumulation of NSF in toxic aggregates. Of note, the induction of autophagy cleared NSF aggregation and rescued motor and cognitive impairment observed in aged hG2019S bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) mice. We suggest that LRRK2 G2019S pathological phosphorylation impacts on NSF biochemical properties, thus causing the formation of cytotoxic protein inclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pischedda
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Sandre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Biosa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Perez Carrion
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy.,Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Oriano Marin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lifeng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, China
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rina Bandopadhyay
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Piccoli
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
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Perez Carrion M, Pischedda F, Biosa A, Russo I, Straniero L, Civiero L, Guida M, Gloeckner CJ, Ticozzi N, Tiloca C, Mariani C, Pezzoli G, Duga S, Pichler I, Pan L, Landers JE, Greggio E, Hess MW, Goldwurm S, Piccoli G. The LRRK2 Variant E193K Prevents Mitochondrial Fission Upon MPP+ Treatment by Altering LRRK2 Binding to DRP1. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29541021 PMCID: PMC5835904 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are associated with familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 is a complex protein that consists of multiple domains, including 13 putative armadillo-type repeats at the N-terminus. In this study, we analyzed the functional and molecular consequences of a novel variant, E193K, identified in an Italian family. E193K substitution does not influence LRRK2 kinase activity. Instead it affects LRRK2 biochemical properties, such as phosphorylation at Ser935 and affinity for 14-3-3ε. Primary fibroblasts obtained from an E193K carrier demonstrated increased cellular toxicity and abnormal mitochondrial fission upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium treatment. We found that E193K alters LRRK2 binding to DRP1, a crucial mediator of mitochondrial fission. Our data support a role for LRRK2 as a scaffolding protein influencing mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez Carrion
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Biosa
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Russo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Civiero
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian J Gloeckner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tiloca
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Duga
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Lifeng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael W Hess
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefano Goldwurm
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
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