1
|
Bus C, Zizmare L, Feldkaemper M, Geisler S, Zarani M, Schaedler A, Klose F, Admard J, Mageean CJ, Arena G, Fallier-Becker P, Ugun-Klusek A, Maruszczak KK, Kapolou K, Schmid B, Rapaport D, Ueffing M, Casadei N, Krüger R, Gasser T, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Kahle PJ, Trautwein C, Gloeckner CJ, Fitzgerald JC. Human Dopaminergic Neurons Lacking PINK1 Exhibit Disrupted Dopamine Metabolism Related to Vitamin B6 Co-Factors. iScience 2020; 23:101797. [PMID: 33299968 PMCID: PMC7702004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PINK1 loss-of-function mutations cause early onset Parkinson disease. PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy has been well studied, but the relevance of the endogenous process in the brain is debated. Here, the absence of PINK1 in human dopaminergic neurons inhibits ionophore-induced mitophagy and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential. Compensatory, mitochondrial renewal maintains mitochondrial morphology and protects the respiratory chain. This is paralleled by metabolic changes, including inhibition of the TCA cycle enzyme mAconitase, accumulation of NAD+, and metabolite depletion. Loss of PINK1 disrupts dopamine metabolism by critically affecting its synthesis and uptake. The mechanism involves steering of key amino acids toward energy production rather than neurotransmitter metabolism and involves cofactors related to the vitamin B6 salvage pathway identified using unbiased multi-omics approaches. We propose that reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential that cannot be controlled by PINK1 signaling initiates metabolic compensation that has neurometabolic consequences relevant to Parkinson disease. PINK1 KO hDANs do not undergo ionophore-induced mitophagy yet CI remains active PINK1 KO impacts the TCA cycle via mAconitase leading to depletion of key amino acids PINK1 KO silences PNPO, which provides essential biological co-factors Dopamine pools and neurotransmitter uptake are reduced by PINK1 loss of function
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bus
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laimdota Zizmare
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marita Feldkaemper
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sven Geisler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Zarani
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Schaedler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Klose
- Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, University of Tübingen, Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Admard
- NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Craig J Mageean
- DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, University of Tübingen, Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aslihan Ugun-Klusek
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Klaudia K Maruszczak
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantina Kapolou
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schmid
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Doron Rapaport
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, University of Tübingen, Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela M Vogt Weisenhorn
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Philipp J Kahle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian J Gloeckner
- DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, University of Tübingen, Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Strasse 27, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perez Carrion M, Pischedda F, Biosa A, Russo I, Straniero L, Civiero L, Guida M, Gloeckner CJ, Ticozzi N, Tiloca C, Mariani C, Pezzoli G, Duga S, Pichler I, Pan L, Landers JE, Greggio E, Hess MW, Goldwurm S, Piccoli G. The LRRK2 Variant E193K Prevents Mitochondrial Fission Upon MPP+ Treatment by Altering LRRK2 Binding to DRP1. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29541021 PMCID: PMC5835904 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are associated with familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 is a complex protein that consists of multiple domains, including 13 putative armadillo-type repeats at the N-terminus. In this study, we analyzed the functional and molecular consequences of a novel variant, E193K, identified in an Italian family. E193K substitution does not influence LRRK2 kinase activity. Instead it affects LRRK2 biochemical properties, such as phosphorylation at Ser935 and affinity for 14-3-3ε. Primary fibroblasts obtained from an E193K carrier demonstrated increased cellular toxicity and abnormal mitochondrial fission upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium treatment. We found that E193K alters LRRK2 binding to DRP1, a crucial mediator of mitochondrial fission. Our data support a role for LRRK2 as a scaffolding protein influencing mitochondrial fission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez Carrion
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Biosa
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Russo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Civiero
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian J Gloeckner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tiloca
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Duga
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Lifeng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael W Hess
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefano Goldwurm
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Weber JJ, Golla M, Guaitoli G, Wanichawan P, Hayer SN, Hauser S, Krahl AC, Nagel M, Samer S, Aronica E, Carlson CR, Schöls L, Riess O, Gloeckner CJ, Nguyen HP, Hübener-Schmid J. A combinatorial approach to identify calpain cleavage sites in the Machado-Joseph disease protein ataxin-3. Brain 2017; 140:1280-1299. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
4
|
Abstract
Pull-downs based on tag fusion proteins as well as immunoprecipitations (IP) are widely used methods to analyze protein interactions. Selectivity and specificity of both methods are compromised by nonspecific binding to the capture agent or carrier beads thereby generating false positives. Here, we provide a method combining stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) with affinity purification, coupled to quantitative tandem mass spectrometry. It permits the analysis of protein interactions with high sensitivity, while being able to discriminate contaminants and nonspecific binders. Besides pruning out contaminants, high-resolution MS data combined with quantitative proteomics software allow the comparative analysis of protein interaction patterns of different protein variants, for example mutated versus normal protein variant or of regulatory changes in a given protein complex due to different states of activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Boldt
- Division of Experimental Ophthalmology and Medical Proteome Center, Center of Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Roentgenweg 11, 72076, Tübingen, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong G, Callegari E, Gloeckner CJ, Ueffing M, Wang H. Mass spectrometric identification of novel posttranslational modification sites in Huntingtin. Proteomics 2012; 12:2060-4. [PMID: 22623107 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a CAG triplet repeat expansion in exon 1 of the Huntingtin (Htt) gene, encoding an abnormal expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract that confers toxicity to the mutant Htt (mHtt) protein. Recent data suggest that posttranslational modifications of mHtt modulate its cytotoxicity. To further understand the cytotoxic mechanisms of mHtt, we have generated HEK293 cell models stably expressing Strep- and FLAG-tagged Htt containing either 19Q (wild-type Htt), 55Q (mHtt), or 94Q (mHtt) repeats. Following tandem affinity purification, the tagged Htt and associated proteins were subjected to tandem mass spectrometry or 2D nano-LC tandem mass spectrometry and several novel modification sites of mHtt containing 55Q or 94Q were identified. These were phosphorylation sites located at Ser431 and Ser432, and ubiquitination site located at Lys444. The two phosphorylation sites were confirmed by Western blot analysis using phosphorylation site-specific antibodies. In addition, prevention of phosphorylation at the two serine sites altered mHtt toxicity and accumulation. These modifications of mHtt may provide novel therapeutic targets for effective treatment of the disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Dong
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Eduardo Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Christian J Gloeckner
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit for Protein Science, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Medical Proteome Center, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit for Protein Science, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Medical Proteome Center, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Hongmin Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong G, Gross K, Qiao F, Ferguson J, Callegari EA, Rezvani K, Zhang D, Gloeckner CJ, Ueffing M, Wang H. Calretinin interacts with huntingtin and reduces mutant huntingtin-caused cytotoxicity. J Neurochem 2012; 123:437-46. [PMID: 22891683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats encoding for polyglutamine (polyQ) in the huntingtin (Htt) gene. Despite considerable effort, the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of the mutated Htt protein remains largely uncertain. To identify novel therapeutic targets, we recently employed the approach of tandem affinity purification and discovered that calretinin (Cr), a member of the EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins, is preferentially associated with mHtt, although it also interacts with wild-type Htt. These observations were supported by coimmunoprecipitation and by colocalization of Cr with mHtt in neuronal cultures. Over- expression of Cr reduced mHtt-caused cytotoxicity in both non-neuronal and neuronal cell models of HD, whereas knockdown of Cr expression in the cells enhanced mHtt-caused neuronal cell death. In addition, over-expression of Cr was also associated with reduction of intracellular free calcium and activation of Akt. These results suggest that Cr may be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Dong
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Van Campenhout CA, Eitelhuber A, Gloeckner CJ, Giallonardo P, Gegg M, Oller H, Grant SGN, Krappmann D, Ueffing M, Lickert H. Dlg3 trafficking and apical tight junction formation is regulated by nedd4 and nedd4-2 e3 ubiquitin ligases. Dev Cell 2011; 21:479-91. [PMID: 21920314 PMCID: PMC4452538 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Drosophila Discs large (Dlg) scaffolding protein acts as a tumor suppressor regulating basolateral epithelial polarity and proliferation. In mammals, four Dlg homologs have been identified; however, their functions in cell polarity remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the X-linked mental retardation gene product Dlg3 contributes to apical-basal polarity and epithelial junction formation in mouse organizer tissues, as well as to planar cell polarity in the inner ear. We purified complexes associated with Dlg3 in polarized epithelial cells, including proteins regulating directed trafficking and tight junction formation. Remarkably, of the four Dlg family members, Dlg3 exerts a distinct function by recruiting the ubiquitin ligases Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 through its PPxY motifs. We found that these interactions are required for Dlg3 monoubiquitination, apical membrane recruitment, and tight junction consolidation. Our findings reveal an unexpected evolutionary diversification of the vertebrate Dlg family in basolateral epithelium formation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong G, Callegari EA, Gloeckner CJ, Ueffing M, Wang H. Prothymosin-α interacts with mutant huntingtin and suppresses its cytotoxicity in cell culture. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:1279-89. [PMID: 22110140 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.294280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by a lengthening of the polyglutamine tract in the huntingtin (Htt) protein. Despite considerable effort, thus far there is no cure or treatment available for the disorder. Using the approach of tandem affinity purification we recently discovered that prothymosin-α (ProTα), a small highly acidic protein, interacts with mutant Htt (mHtt). This was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and a glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay. Overexpression of ProTα remarkably reduced mHtt-induced cytotoxicity in both non-neuronal and neuronal cell models expressing N-terminal mHtt fragments, whereas knockdown of ProTα expression in the cells enhanced mHtt-caused cell death. Deletion of the central acidic domain of ProTα abolished not only its interaction with mHtt but also its protective effect on mHtt-caused cytotoxicity. Additionally, overexpression of ProTα inhibited caspase-3 activation but enhanced aggregation of mHtt. Furthermore, when added to cultured cells expressing mHtt, the purified recombinant ProTα protein not only entered the cells but it also significantly suppressed the mHtt-caused cytotoxicity. Taken together, these data suggest that ProTα might be a novel therapeutic target for treating HD and other polyglutamine expansion disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Dong
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Boldt K, Mans DA, Won J, van Reeuwijk J, Vogt A, Kinkl N, Letteboer SJF, Hicks WL, Hurd RE, Naggert JK, Texier Y, den Hollander AI, Koenekoop RK, Bennett J, Cremers FPM, Gloeckner CJ, Nishina PM, Roepman R, Ueffing M. Disruption of intraflagellar protein transport in photoreceptor cilia causes Leber congenital amaurosis in humans and mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:2169-80. [PMID: 21606596 DOI: 10.1172/jci45627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The mutations that cause Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) lead to photoreceptor cell death at an early age, causing childhood blindness. To unravel the molecular basis of LCA, we analyzed how mutations in LCA5 affect the connectivity of the encoded protein lebercilin at the interactome level. In photoreceptors, lebercilin is uniquely localized at the cilium that bridges the inner and outer segments. Using a generally applicable affinity proteomics approach, we showed that lebercilin specifically interacted with the intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery in HEK293T cells. This interaction disappeared when 2 human LCA-associated lebercilin mutations were introduced, implicating a specific disruption of IFT-dependent protein transport, an evolutionarily conserved basic mechanism found in all cilia. Lca5 inactivation in mice led to partial displacement of opsins and light-induced translocation of arrestin from photoreceptor outer segments. This was consistent with a defect in IFT at the connecting cilium, leading to failure of proper outer segment formation and subsequent photoreceptor degeneration. These data suggest that lebercilin functions as an integral element of selective protein transport through photoreceptor cilia and provide a molecular demonstration that disrupted IFT can lead to LCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Boldt
- Division of Experimental Ophthalmology and Medical Proteome Center, Center of Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Webb KJ, Coolen M, Gloeckner CJ, Stigloher C, Bahn B, Topp S, Ueffing M, Bally-Cuif L. The Enhancer of split transcription factor Her8a is a novel dimerisation partner for Her3 that controls anterior hindbrain neurogenesis in zebrafish. BMC Dev Biol 2011; 11:27. [PMID: 21586122 PMCID: PMC3125270 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-11-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Neurogenesis control and the prevention of premature differentiation in the vertebrate embryo are crucial processes, allowing the formation of late-born cell types and ensuring the correct shape and cytoarchitecture of the brain. Members of the Hairy/Enhancer of Split (Hairy/E(spl)) family of bHLH-Orange transcription factors, such as zebrafish Her3, 5, 9 and 11, are implicated in the local inhibition of neurogenesis to maintain progenitor pools within the early neural plate. To better understand how these factors exert their inhibitory function, we aimed to isolate some of their functional interactors. Results We used a yeast two-hybrid screen with Her5 as bait and recovered a novel zebrafish Hairy/E(spl) factor - Her8a. Using phylogenetic and synteny analyses, we demonstrate that her8a evolved from an ancient duplicate of Hes6 that was recently lost in the mammalian lineage. We show that her8a is expressed across the mid- and anterior hindbrain from the start of segmentation. Through knockdown and misexpression experiments, we demonstrate that Her8a is a negative regulator of neurogenesis and plays an essential role in generating progenitor pools within rhombomeres 2 and 4 - a role resembling that of Her3. Her8a co-purifies with Her3, suggesting that Her8a-Her3 heterodimers may be relevant in this domain of the neural plate, where both proteins are co-expressed. Finally, we demonstrate that her8a expression is independent of Notch signaling at the early neural plate stage but that SoxB factors play a role in its expression, linking patterning information to neurogenesis control. Overall, the regulation and function of Her8a differ strikingly from those of its closest relative in other vertebrates - the Hes6-like proteins. Conclusions Our results characterize the phylogeny, expression and functional interactions involving a new Her factor, Her8a, and highlight the complex interplay of E(spl) proteins that generates the neurogenesis pattern of the zebrafish early neural plate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J Webb
- Zebrafish Neurogenetics Department, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr, 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meixner A, Boldt K, Van Troys M, Askenazi M, Gloeckner CJ, Bauer M, Marto JA, Ampe C, Kinkl N, Ueffing M. A QUICK screen for Lrrk2 interaction partners--leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 is involved in actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 10:M110.001172. [PMID: 20876399 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in human leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (Lrrk2), a protein of yet unknown function, are linked to Parkinson's disease caused by degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. The protein comprises several domains including a GTPase and a kinase domain both affected by several pathogenic mutations. To elucidate the molecular interaction network of endogenous Lrrk2 under stoichiometric constraints, we applied QUICK (quantitative immunoprecipitation combined with knockdown) in NIH3T3 cells. The identified interactome reveals actin isoforms as well as actin-associated proteins involved in actin filament assembly, organization, rearrangement, and maintenance, suggesting that the biological function of Lrrk2 is linked to cytoskeletal dynamics. In fact, we demonstrate Lrrk2 de novo binding to F-actin and its ability to modulate its assembly in vitro. When tested in intact cells, knockdown of Lrrk2 causes morphological alterations in NIH3T3 cells. In developing dopaminergic midbrain primary neurons, Lrrk2 knockdown results in shortened neurite processes, indicating a physiological role of Lrrk2 in cytoskeletal organization and dynamics of dopaminergic neurons. Hence, our results demonstrate that molecular interactions as well as the physiological function of Lrrk2 are closely related to the organization of the actin-based cytoskeleton, a crucial feature of neuronal development and neuron function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Meixner
- Department of Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kortvely E, Hauck SM, Duetsch G, Gloeckner CJ, Kremmer E, Alge-Priglinger CS, Deeg CA, Ueffing M. ARMS2 Is a Constituent of the Extracellular Matrix Providing a Link between Familial and Sporadic Age-Related Macular Degenerations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 51:79-88. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriele Duetsch
- From the Department of Protein Science and the 2Technical University Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- the Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia S. Alge-Priglinger
- the Department of Ophthalmology and the 5Department of Ophthalmology, Linz General Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- the Institute of Animal Physiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and
| | - Marius Ueffing
- From the Department of Protein Science and the 2Technical University Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hauck SM, Gloeckner CJ, Harley ME, Schoeffmann S, Boldt K, Ekstrom PAR, Ueffing M. Identification of paracrine neuroprotective candidate proteins by a functional assay-driven proteomics approach. Mol Cell Proteomics 2008; 7:1349-61. [PMID: 18436526 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m700456-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cells support neuronal survival and function by secreting neurotrophic cytokines. Retinal Mueller glial cells (RMGs) support retinal neurons, especially photoreceptors. These highly light-sensitive sensory neurons receive vision, and their death results in blinding diseases. It has been proposed that RMGs release factors that support photoreceptor survival, but the nature of these factors remains to be elucidated. To discover such neurotrophic factors, we developed an integrated work flow toward systematic identification of neuroprotective proteins, which are, like most cytokines, expressed only in minute amounts. This strategy can be generally applied to identify secreted bioactive molecules from any body fluid once a recipient cell for this activity is known. Toward this goal we first isolated conditioned medium (CM) from primary porcine RMGs cultured in vitro and tested for survival-promoting activity using primary photoreceptors. We then developed a large scale, microplate-based cellular high content assay that allows rapid assessment of primary photoreceptor survival concomitant with biological activity in vitro. The enrichment strategy of bioactive proteins toward their identification consists of several fractionation steps combined with tests for biological function. Here we combined 1) size fractionation, 2) ion exchange chromatography, 3) reverse phase liquid chromatography, and 4) mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS or MALDI MS/MS) for protein identification. As a result of this integrated work flow, the insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins IGFBP5 and IGFBP7 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were identified as likely candidates. Cloning and stable expression of these three candidate factors in HEK293 cells produced conditioned medium enriched for either one of the factors. IGFBP5 and CTGF, but not IGFBP7, significantly increased photoreceptor survival when secreted from HEK293 cells and when added to the original RMG-CM. This indicates that the survival-promoting activity in RMG-CM is multifactorial with IGFBP5 and CTGF as an integral part of this activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M Hauck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Swiatek-De Lange M, Stampfl A, Hauck SM, Zischka H, Gloeckner CJ, Deeg CA, Ueffing M. Membrane-initiated effects of progesterone on calcium dependent signaling and activation of VEGF gene expression in retinal glial cells. Glia 2007; 55:1061-73. [PMID: 17551930 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurosteroids, such as progesterone, influence central nervous system development and function by regulating a broad spectrum of physiological processes. Here, we investigated membrane-initiated actions of progesterone in the retina and identified the membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1). We found PGRMC1 expressed mainly in retinal Muller glia (RMG) and retinal pigment epithelium, and localized uniquely to microsomal and plasma membrane fractions. In RMG, membrane-impermeable progesterone conjugate induced calcium influx and subsequent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PKC and ERK-1/2. Induction by progesterone also led to PKC-dependent activation of VEGF gene expression and protein synthesis, suggesting a contribution of membrane-initiated hormone effects to VEGF induced neovascularization within retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Swiatek-De Lange
- Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National-Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zischka H, Braun RJ, Marantidis EP, Büringer D, Bornhövd C, Hauck SM, Demmer O, Gloeckner CJ, Reichert AS, Madeo F, Ueffing M. Differential Analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondria by Free Flow Electrophoresis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2006; 5:2185-200. [PMID: 16917120 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.t600018-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One major problem concerning the electrophoresis of mitochondria is the heterogeneity of mitochondrial appearance especially under pathological conditions. We show here the use of zone electrophoresis in a free flow electrophoresis device (ZE-FFE) as an analytical sensor to discriminate between different yeast mitochondrial populations. Impairment of the structural properties of the organelles by hyperosmotic stress resulted in broad separation profiles. Conversely untreated mitochondria gave rise to homogeneous populations reflected by sharp separation profiles. Yeast mitochondria with altered respiratory activity accompanied by a different outer membrane proteome composition could be discriminated based on electrophoretic deflection. Proteolysis of the mitochondrial surface proteome and the deletion of a single major protein species of the mitochondrial outer membrane altered the ZE-FFE deflection of these organelles. To demonstrate the usefulness of ZE-FFE for the analysis of mitochondria associated with pathological processes, we analyzed mitochondrial fractions from an apoptotic yeast strain. The cdc48(S565G) strain carries a mutation in the CDC48 gene that is an essential participant in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway. Mutant cells accumulate polyubiquitinated proteins in microsomal and mitochondrial extracts. Subsequent ZE-FFE characterization could distinguish a mitochondrial subfraction specifically enriched with polyubiquitinated proteins from the majority of non-affected mitochondria. This result demonstrates that ZE-FFE may give important information on the specific properties of subpopulations of a mitochondrial preparation allowing a further detailed functional analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Zischka
- Institutes of Human Genetics and Toxicology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Keller B, Ohnesorg T, Mindnich R, Gloeckner CJ, Breitling R, Scharfe M, Moeller G, Blöcker H, Adamski J. Interspecies comparison of gene structure and computational analysis of gene regulation of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 248:168-71. [PMID: 16337734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
17Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD17B1) is a key enzyme of 17beta-estradiol biosynthesis, and in rodents is additionally involved in testosterone biosynthesis. The human HSD17B1 gene, located on chromosome 17q12-21, is duplicated in tandem, with the 3'-copy being the functional gene. Here we show by sequencing the gene from a diverse set of related species that this duplication is of very recent evolutionary origin, having occurred in the common ancestor of Hominoidae (apes and humans) while being absent in the closely related Old World monkeys (Macaca) and the outgroup species Tupaia belangeri and Mus musculus. By computational analysis of the conserved regulatory elements in the 5'-untranslated (5'-UTR) and putative promoter region of the HSD17B1 gene and, where present, pseudogene, across our broad sample of species we can show significant differences that might point to the origin of the divergent substrate specificity of human and rodent HSD17B1 and highlight potential functionally relevant differences in regulatory patterns in different evolutionary lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Keller
- GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gloeckner CJ, Mayerhofer PU, Landgraf P, Muntau AC, Holzinger A, Gerber JK, Kammerer S, Adamski J, Roscher AA. Human adrenoleukodystrophy protein and related peroxisomal ABC transporters interact with the peroxisomal assembly protein PEX19p. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 271:144-50. [PMID: 10777694 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Four ABC half transporters (ALDP, ALDRP, PMP70, and PMP69) have been identified in the mammalian peroxisomal membrane but no function has been unambiguously assigned to any of them. To date X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the only human disease known to result from a defect of one of these ABC transporters, ALDP. Using the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro GST pull-down assays, we identified the peroxin PEX19p as a novel interactor of ALDP, ALDRP, and PMP70. The cytosolic farnesylated protein PEX19p was previously shown to be involved in an early step of the peroxisomal biogenesis. The PEX19p interaction occurs in an internal N-terminal region of ALDP which we verified to be important for proper peroxisomal targeting of this protein. Farnesylated wild-type PEX19p and a farnesylation-deficient mutant PEX19p did not differ in their ability to bind to ALDP. Our data provide evidence that PEX19p is a cytosolic acceptor protein for the peroxisomal ABC transporters ALDP, PMP70, and ALDRP and might be involved in the intracellular sorting and trafficking of these proteins to the peroxisomal membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Gloeckner
- GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Mammalian Genetics, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|