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Fjellström S, Hölttä J, Nordström A, Flygare Wallén E, Lund Ohlsson M, Hansen E. Increasing physical activity through an adapted web-based exercise program for people with intellectual disabilities: Support staff are crucial for feasibility. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13191. [PMID: 38369314 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual disabilities are less physically active and suffer from ill-health more than the general population. Support staff play an important role in the person's life. This study aimed to explore the support staff's experiences regarding the feasibility of adapted web-based exercise for people with intellectual disabilities. METHOD Participants with intellectual disabilities living in community-based settings were recruited for a web-based exercise study. Eight semi-structured interviews were carried out with their support staff before and after the intervention period. RESULTS The main theme, 'Support staff are crucial for feasibility' encompasses the importance of communication, structure, and motivation in improving physical activity for people with intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSION The experiences of support staff, indicate that a web-based exercise program is feasible for the target group, and one way to overcome challenges for PA, where the role of the staff is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Fjellström
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Jessica Hölttä
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Anna Nordström
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
- School of Sports Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Flygare Wallén
- Karolinska Institutet (KI), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS) Division of Occupational Therapy, Research group Health in Everyday Life among people with neurological Disorders (HELD), Stockholm, Sweden
- Health and Social Care Administration, Municipality of Östersund, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
- The Swedish School of Health and Sport Sciences (GIH), Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Hansen
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
- The Faculty of Education and Arts, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Sutton P, Lund Ohlsson M, Röijezon U. Reduced shoulder proprioception due to fatigue after repeated handball throws and evaluation of test-retest reliability of a clinical shoulder joint position test. Shoulder Elbow 2024; 16:100-109. [PMID: 38425739 PMCID: PMC10901175 DOI: 10.1177/17585732221139795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Proprioception is vital for motor control and can be disturbed, for example, due to fatigue or injury. Clinical feasible, reliable and valid tests of shoulder proprioception are warranted. The aim was to investigate the effects of local fatigue on shoulder proprioception and the reliability of a feasible joint position sense test using an experimental repeated measures design. Method Forty participants repeated a shoulder joint position sense test to assess test-retest reliability. The test was then utilized on a subgroup of handball players who were subjected to five bouts of a repeated throwing task with the dominant hand. The effect of local fatigue was investigated by comparing the fatigued with the non-fatigued shoulder. Results There was a significant interaction for the arm × bout (p = 0.028, ηp2 = 0.20) and a significant effect for the arm (p = 0.034, ηp2 = 0.35) with a significant decrease in joint position sense for the throwing arm compared to the non-throwing arm. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.78 (95% CI = [0.57; 0.89]). The standard error of measurement between trials was 0.70° (range: 0.57°-0.90°). Discussion The results indicate that repeated throwing to fatigue disturbs shoulder joint position sense. Assessment with the modified test showed acceptable reliability and can be a valuable assessment tool in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sutton
- Physiotherapy Department, Karlstad Medical Training Institute, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Röijezon
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Rispal G, Severin AC, Baumgart JK, Ohlsson ML, Staunton CA. Performance and micro-pacing strategies in sit para-biathlon. J Sports Sci 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37401676 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2231770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated micro-pacing strategies during sit para-biathlon. Six elite sit para-biathletes wore a positioning system device during the world-championships in three different competition formats (Sprint, Middle-distance, and Long-distance). Total Skiing Time (TST), penalty-time, shooting-time, and Total Race Time (TRT) were analysed. One-way analyses of variance were used to compare the relative contributions of TST, penalty-time, and shooting-time to TRT across the three race formats. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to determine the course positions (clusters) where instantaneous skiing speed was significantly associated with TST. The contribution of TST to TRT was lower for the Long-distance (80 ± 6%) compared to the Sprint (86 ± 5%) and Middle-distance (86 ± 3%) races, however this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The proportional contribution of penalty-time to TRT was significantly greater (p < 0.05) for the Long-distance (13 ± 6%) compared to the Sprint (5 ± 4%) and Middle-distance (4 ± 3%) races. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) revealed specific clusters where instantaneous skiing speed was significantly associated with TST. For example, over all laps during the Long-distance race, the fastest athlete gained 6.5 s over the slowest athlete in the section with the steepest uphill. Overall, these findings can provide insights into pacing strategies and help para-biathlon coaches and athletes optimise training programmes to improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Rispal
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sweden
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Anna Cecilia Severin
- Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julia Kathrin Baumgart
- Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sweden
- The Swedish School of Health and Sport Sciences (GIH), Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Craig A Staunton
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sweden
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Jonsson Kårström M, Stöggl T, Ohlsson ML, McGawley K, Laaksonen MS. Kinematical effects of rifle carriage on roller skiing in well-trained female and male biathletes. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:444-454. [PMID: 36408766 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate how rifle carriage and skiing speed during biathlon roller skiing affect range of motion (ROM) in joint angles and equipment (skis and poles), the vertical distance between shoulders and treadmill (vertdist ), as well as possible sex differences associated with rifle carriage. METHODS Fourteen biathletes (6 women, 8 men) roller-skied on a treadmill at submaximal and simulated race speeds, with (WR) and without (NR) a rifle, using gears 3 and 2. Kinematical data for the whole body, poles, roller-skis, rifle, and treadmill were monitored using a 3D motion capture system. Movements determined as flexion/extension (x), abduction/adduction (y), and/or internal/external rotation (z) were analyzed for the hip, shoulder, thorax, knee, ankle, elbow, poles, and roller skis. ROM (the difference between maximal and minimal angles) in joints and equipment, and vertdist were analyzed over six skiing cycles during each condition (WR and NR) and speed. RESULTS The maximal vertdist was lower for WR compared with NR (gear 3: 1.53 ± 0.06 vs 1.54 ± 0.06 m; gear 2: 1.49 ± 0.06 vs 1.51 ± 0.06 m; both p < 0.001). ROM in the upper body was altered when roller skiing WR (movements decreased in thorax and shoulder (x) and increased in elbow (only gear 3) (x), thorax (only gear 2), and shoulder (y) and (z); all p < 0.05) and increased with speed, without differences between sexes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Since rifle carriage and speed appear to affect the kinematics of roller skiing, coaches, and biathletes are advised to perform skiing technique training under competition-like conditions (i.e., at race speeds while carrying the rifle).
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Jonsson Kårström
- Department of Health Science, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Stöggl
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Red Bull Athlete Performance Center, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Department of Health Science, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Kerry McGawley
- Department of Health Science, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Marko S Laaksonen
- Department of Health Science, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
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Lund Ohlsson M, Danvind J, Holmberg LJ. Estimation of muscular metabolic power in two different cross-country sit-skiing sledges using inverse-dynamics simulation. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2022; 9:20556683221131557. [PMID: 36225652 PMCID: PMC9549202 DOI: 10.1177/20556683221131557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the muscular metabolic power produced in the human body using musculoskeletal inverse-dynamics during cross-country sit-skiing. Two sitting positions were adapted for athletes with reduced trunk and hip muscle control, knee low with frontal trunk support (KL-fix), and knee high (KH). Five female national class able-bodied cross-country skiers performed submaximal and maximal exercise in both sitting positions, while recording 3-D kinematics, pole forces, electromyography and respiratory variables. Simulations were performed from these experimental results and muscular metabolic power was computed. The main part of the muscle metabolic power was produced in the upper limbs for both sitting positions, but KH produced more muscle metabolic power in lower limbs and trunk during maximal intensity. KH was also more efficient, utilizing less muscular metabolic power during submaximal intensities, relatively less power in the upper limbs and more power in the trunk, hip and lower limb muscles. This implies that sitting position KH is preferable for high power output when using able-bodied simulation models. This study showed the potential of using musculoskeletal simulations to improve the understanding of how different equipment design and muscles contribute to performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Swedish Winter Sports Research
Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Danvind
- Sports Tech Research Centre,
Department of Quality Management and Engineering Technology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - L Joakim Holmberg
- Solid Mechanics, Department of
Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,L Joakim Holmberg, Solid Mechanics,
Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping 581
83, Sweden.
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Holmberg LJ, Ohlsson ML, Danvind J. Musculoskeletal simulations: a complementary tool for classification of athletes with physical impairments. Prosthet Orthot Int 2012; 36:396-7. [PMID: 22918920 DOI: 10.1177/0309364612443255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
This study is on how leg utilisation may affect skiing efficiency and performance in double-poling ergometry. Three experiments were conducted, each with a different style of the double-poling technique: traditional with small knee range-of-motion and fixed heels (TRAD); modern with large knee range-of-motion and fixed heels (MOD1) and modern with large knee range-of-motion and free heels (MOD2). For each style, motion data were extracted with automatic marker recognition of reflective markers and applied to a 3D full-body musculoskeletal simulation model. Skiing efficiency (skiing work divided by metabolic muscle work) and performance (forward impulse) were computed from the simulation output. Skiing efficiency was 4.5%, 4.1% and 4.1% for TRAD, MOD1 and MOD2, respectively. Performance was 111, 143 and 149 Ns for TRAD, MOD1 and MOD2, respectively. Thus, higher lower body utilisation increased the performance but decreased the skiing efficiency. These results demonstrate the potential of musculoskeletal simulations for skiing efficiency estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Joakim Holmberg
- a Division of Mechanics, Department of Management and Engineering , The Institute of Technology, Linköping University , SE-581 83, Linköping , Sweden
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