1
|
Sutton P, Lund Ohlsson M, Röijezon U. Reduced shoulder proprioception due to fatigue after repeated handball throws and evaluation of test-retest reliability of a clinical shoulder joint position test. Shoulder Elbow 2024; 16:100-109. [PMID: 38425739 PMCID: PMC10901175 DOI: 10.1177/17585732221139795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Proprioception is vital for motor control and can be disturbed, for example, due to fatigue or injury. Clinical feasible, reliable and valid tests of shoulder proprioception are warranted. The aim was to investigate the effects of local fatigue on shoulder proprioception and the reliability of a feasible joint position sense test using an experimental repeated measures design. Method Forty participants repeated a shoulder joint position sense test to assess test-retest reliability. The test was then utilized on a subgroup of handball players who were subjected to five bouts of a repeated throwing task with the dominant hand. The effect of local fatigue was investigated by comparing the fatigued with the non-fatigued shoulder. Results There was a significant interaction for the arm × bout (p = 0.028, ηp2 = 0.20) and a significant effect for the arm (p = 0.034, ηp2 = 0.35) with a significant decrease in joint position sense for the throwing arm compared to the non-throwing arm. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.78 (95% CI = [0.57; 0.89]). The standard error of measurement between trials was 0.70° (range: 0.57°-0.90°). Discussion The results indicate that repeated throwing to fatigue disturbs shoulder joint position sense. Assessment with the modified test showed acceptable reliability and can be a valuable assessment tool in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sutton
- Physiotherapy Department, Karlstad Medical Training Institute, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Marie Lund Ohlsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Röijezon
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassan S, Dritsas S, O'Dwyer ST, Aziz O, Sutton P, Wang X, Fish R. Open versus Closed technique for administration of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC): Morbidity and Mortality outcomes from a high-volume centre. Eur J Surg Oncol 2023; 49:106924. [PMID: 37179147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an established treatment in selected patients with peritoneal metastases, delivered in the UK in specialist centres. HIPEC can be administered via the open coliseum technique as first described by Sugarbaker (O-HIPEC) or using a closed technique (C-HIPEC). Data comparing the safety and outcomes of these different approaches is limited. This study aims to compare morbidity and mortality rates of O-HIPEC and C-HIPEC following CRS for peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer and appendiceal tumours. METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing CRS with open (05/2019-04/2020) and closed (05/2020-04/2021) HIPEC were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Baseline data including primary pathology, HIPEC agent and major operative procedures were analysed using Chi-squared and Fishers exact tests to ensure comparability of groups. Primary outcomes were 30- and 60-day postoperative mortality and morbidity (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, CTCAE). Secondary outcomes were length of critical care and overall hospital stay. In addition, morbidity and mortality were compared between HIPEC agents (mitomycin and oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil). RESULTS 99 patients (39.3%) and 153 patients (60.7%) underwent O-HIPEC, C-HIPEC respectively. Groups were well matched for baseline demographics, pathology, and HIPEC agent. In the O-HIPEC and C-HIPEC groups respectively, the incidence of 60-day complications (CTCAE 1-4) was 40.4% vs 39.3% (chi squared 0.94) and severe complications (CTCAE 3-4) 14% vs 13% (Fisher's exact p = 1) There was no perioperative mortality but one death in each group within the follow up period. There was no difference in morbidity or mortality between those receiving mitomycin or oxaliplatin. CONCLUSION Closed administration of HIPEC is safe with no difference in post-operative morbidity or mortality compared to open HIPEC administration. Differences in longer term oncological outcomes including overall survival and disease-free survival between open and closed HIPEC techniques are yet to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hassan
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK
| | - S Dritsas
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK
| | - S T O'Dwyer
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - O Aziz
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - P Sutton
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - X Wang
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK
| | - R Fish
- Colorectal and Peritoneal Oncology Centre, The Christie NHS FT, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Garratt MPD, O'Connor RS, Carvell C, Fountain MT, Breeze TD, Pywell R, Redhead JW, Kinneen L, Mitschunas N, Truslove L, Xavier e Silva C, Jenner N, Ashdown C, Brittain C, McKerchar M, Butcher C, Edwards M, Nowakowski M, Sutton P, Potts SG. Addressing pollination deficits in orchard crops through habitat management for wild pollinators. Ecol Appl 2023; 33:e2743. [PMID: 36107148 PMCID: PMC10078601 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that farmers in many areas are achieving below maximum yields due to insufficient pollination. Practical and effective approaches are needed to maintain wild pollinator populations within agroecosystems so they can deliver critical pollination services that underpin crop production. We established nesting and wildflower habitat interventions in 24 UK apple orchards and measured effects on flower-visiting insects and the pollination they provide, exploring how this was affected by landscape context. We quantified the extent of pollination deficits and assessed whether the management of wild pollinators can reduce deficits and deliver improved outcomes for growers over 3 years. Wildflower interventions increased solitary bee numbers visiting apple flowers by over 20%, but there was no effect of nesting interventions. Other pollinator groups were influenced by both local and landscape-scale factors, with bumblebees and hoverflies responding to the relative proportion of semi-natural habitat at larger spatial scales (1000 m), while honeybees and other flies responded at 500 m or less. By improving fruit number and quality, pollinators contributed more than £16 k per hectare. However, deficits (where maximum potential was not being reached due to a lack of pollination) were recorded and the extent of these varied across orchards, and from year to year, with a 22% deficit in output in the worst (equivalent to ~£14 k/ha) compared to less than 3% (equivalent to ~£2 k/ha) in the best year. Although no direct effect of our habitat interventions on deficits in gross output was observed, initial fruit set and seed set deficits were reduced by abundant bumblebees, and orchards with a greater abundance of solitary bees saw lower deficits in fruit size. The abundance of pollinators in apple orchards is influenced by different local and landscape factors that interact and vary between years. Consequently, pollination, and the extent of economic output deficits, also vary between orchards and years. We highlight how approaches, including establishing wildflower areas and optimizing the ratio of cropped and non-cropped habitats can increase the abundance of key apple pollinators and improve outcomes for growers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rory S. O'Connor
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental Research, University of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | | | - Tom D. Breeze
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental Research, University of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | | | - Lois Kinneen
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental Research, University of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | - Louise Truslove
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental Research, University of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | | | | | - Claire Brittain
- Syngenta, Jealotts Hill International Research CentreBracknellUK
| | | | | | - Mike Edwards
- Edwards Ecological and Data Services LtdMidhurstUK
| | | | - Peter Sutton
- Syngenta, Jealotts Hill International Research CentreBracknellUK
| | - Simon G. Potts
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental Research, University of ReadingReadingUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Povey M, Powell S, Howes N, Vimalachandran D, Sutton P. Evaluating the potential utility of three-dimensional printed models in preoperative planning and patient consent in gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:615-620. [PMID: 34464578 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Future of Surgery report from the Royal College of Surgeons of England acknowledges the important role that three-dimensional imaging will play in support of personalised surgical interventions. One component of this is preoperative planning. We investigated surgeons' and patients' perceptions of this evolving technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethical approval was obtained. From a normal computed tomography scan, three-dimensional models of the stomach, pancreas and rectum were rendered and printed on an Ultimaker™ three-dimensional printer. Semi-structured interviews were performed with surgeons and patients to explore perceived model effectiveness and utility. Likert scales were used to grade responses (1 = strongly disagree; 10 = strongly agree) and qualitative responses recorded. RESULTS A total of 26 surgeons (9 rectal, 9 oesophagogastric, 8 pancreatic) and 30 patients (median age 62 years, interquartile range, IQR, 68-72 years; 57% male) were recruited. Median surgeon scores were effectiveness for preoperative planning, 6 (IQR 3-7), authenticity, 5 (IQR 3-6), likability, 6 (IQR 4-7), promoting learning, 7 (IQR 5-8), utility, 6 (IQR 5-7) and helping patients, 7 (IQR 5-8). Median patient scores were usefulness to the surgeon, 8 (IQR 7-9), authenticity, 8 (IQR 6-8), likability, 8 (IQR 7-8), helping understanding of condition, 8 (IQR 8-9), helping understanding of surgery, 8 (IQR 7-9) and feeling uncomfortable, 1 (IQR 1-4). Median overall decisional conflict score (0 = no; 100 = high) was 22 (IQR 19-28) and decision effectiveness was 25 (IQR 19-30). DISCUSSION Overall, patients and surgeons considered that three-dimensional printed models were effective and had potential utility in education and, to a lesser extent, preoperative planning. Patient decisional conflict and effectiveness scores were weighted towards certainty in decision making but had room for improvement, which three-dimensional models may help to facilitate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Povey
- Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK
| | - S Powell
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Howes
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - P Sutton
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Solomon MJ, Däster S, Loizides S, Sutton P, Brown KGM, Austin KKS, Lee PJ. Access to the anterior pelvic compartment in pelvic exenteration in women-the interlabial approach: video vignette. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e268-e269. [PMID: 34291281 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Solomon
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Däster
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Loizides
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Sutton
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K G M Brown
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K K S Austin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P J Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fowler H, Sutton P, Bowden D, Parsons J, Vimalachandran D. O11: MYOFERLIN: A NOVEL BIOMARKER OF RADIOSENSITIVITY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED RECTAL CANCER. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Our proteomic data has validated that high levels of the protein myoferlin confers poorer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Myoferlin plays a role in membrane repair and VEGF signal transduction, and is associated with worse prognosis in numerous other epithelial cancers. We aim to assess the impact of myoferlin on the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer.
Method
Clonogenic assays were performed using immortalised colorectal cancer cells (HCT116,HT29,LIM,MDST8) to assess survival at escalating radiation doses following knockdown with myoferlin siRNA or a small molecular inhibitor(WJ460). 3D models (spheroids) were used to examine the effect of WJ460 on tumour growth.
Result
Quantification of myoferlin using immunoblotting demonstrated that MDST8 and LIM were higher expressors than HCT116 and HT29. Higher levels correlated with increasing radio-resistance as calculated by colony formation efficiency (CFE). Using clonogenic assays, cells treated with myoferlin siRNA or WJ460 demonstrated increased radiosensitivity compared to controls across all radiation doses, most significantly at 4Gy. Treatment of spheroids with WJ460 significantly reduced growth compared to controls at all radiation doses (p<0.05), with WJ460 limiting growth considerably more than treatment with the current gold standard 5-FU. HCT116 spheroid volume day 15; WJ460 4.96um3,5-FU 6.74um3,DMSO 24.9um3.
Conclusion
Inhibition of myoferlin is associated with increased radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells, and treatment with a small molecular inhibitor significantly reduces growth in spheroid models. Further work is required further validate its potential use as a biomarker in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Take-home message
We have found that myoferlin is a protein associated with poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Manipulation of this protein sensitises the cancer cells to radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D Bowden
- The Countess of Chester Hospital
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fowler H, Sutton P, Bowden D, Parsons J, Vimalachandran D. O48: MYOFERLIN: A NOVEL PREDICTIVE BIOMARKER AND THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN ADVANCED COLORECTAL CANCER. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Myoferlin is a protein involved in cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, which are essential in tumour metastasis. Its expression correlates with a poorer prognosis in various epithelial cancers, but has yet to be associated with survival in colorectal cancer. We aim to investigate myoferlin's role in cell migration, and the development of metastases in our patients with rectal cancer.
Method
Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) of matched tumour and lymph node samples from 111 patients with rectal cancer were stained for myoferlin. Expression profiles were examined and correlated with clinical outcomes. Wound healing assays were used to assess the rate of migration in immortalised colorectal cells (HCT116, HT29) following myoferlin knockdown with siRNA.
Result
Our TMAs demonstrated that high myoferlin expression in rectal tumour samples was associated with metastatic spread to local lymph nodes (p<0.05). Positive lymph nodes had significantly higher levels of myoferlin than non-involved lymph nodes (p<0.001). The positive predictive value (PPV) of a highly expressing lymph node containing metastatic spread was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) 88.41%, 95% CI [80.81, 93.24]. Wound healing assays demonstrated a decreased ability of cells to migrate following myoferlin knockdown with siRNA, compared to controls (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that high myoferlin expression is associated with metastatic spread to local lymph nodes, and increased migration and proliferation of cells. It is a predictor of poor clinical outcomes, and therefore warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic target in both locally advanced and metastatic rectal cancer.
Take-home message
We have demonstrated that the protein myoferlin is associated with metastatic spread of rectal cancer to local lymph nodes. Therefore it is a potential predictive biomarker and therapeutic target in advanced rectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D Bowden
- The Countess of Chester Hospital
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fowler H, Clifford R, Sutton P, Watson A, Fearnhead N, Bach S, Moran B, Rose A, Jackson R, Vimalachandran D, Bach S, Badrinath K, Branagan G, Bronder C, Butcher D, Lacey‐Coulson J, Dennis R, Duff S, Gossedge G, Hill J, Fearnhead N, Hernon J, Hunt L, Kamal A, Khan J, Masekar S, Mitchell P, Moran B, Nassa H, Rooney P, Sheikh A, Slawik S, Smart C, Smart N, Smith D, Speake D, Stephenson B, Thornton M, Tou S, Tutton M, Watson A, Wilkinson L, Williamson M. Hartmann's procedure versus intersphincteric abdominoperineal excision (HiP Study): a multicentre prospective cohort study. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:2114-2122. [PMID: 32939956 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM In patients with low rectal cancer it is occasionally necessary to avoid a low coloanal anastomosis due to patient frailty or poor function. In such situations there are two alternative approaches: Hartmann's procedure (HP) or intersphincteric abdominoperineal excision (IAPE). There are few data to guide surgeons as to which of these two procedures is the safest. The aim of this study was to determine the surgical complication rates associated with each procedure. METHOD This was a multicentre, nonrandomized prospective cohort study of patients undergoing either HP or IAPE. The primary objective was to determine surgical complication rates. Secondary objectives included length of stay, time to adjuvant therapy and quality of life at 90 days. RESULTS One hundred and seventy nine patients were recruited between April 2016 and June 2019; approximately two thirds of patients underwent HP and one third IAPE. The overall complication rate was high in both groups (54% for the HP group and 52% for the IAPE group). Surgery-specific complication rates were also high, but not significantly different: 43% for HP and 48% for IAPE. The pelvic abscess rate in HP was 11% and was significantly higher in patients with a palpable staple line (15% vs 2%). There was a higher incidence of serious medical complications following IAPE (16% vs 5%), along with a reduction in 90-day quality of life scores. CONCLUSION This is the largest prospective study to compare HP and IAPE in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery where primary anastomosis is not deemed appropriate. With similar complication rates, these data support the ongoing use of either HP or IAPE in this patient group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Fowler
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Clifford
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Sutton
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - N Fearnhead
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Bach
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Moran
- Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
| | - A Rose
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Jackson
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Unit, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sutton P. From the Bukarikara: The Lore of the Southwest Kimberley Through the Art of Butcher Joe Nangan. By KimAkerman.Perth: University of Western Australia Press. 2020 Pp: 216. Price:
AUD
$45. Oceania 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ocea.5253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sutton
- University of Adelaide and South Australian Museum, Adelaide
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brereton PA, Robb P, Sargent CM, Crews HM, Wood R, Caputi A, Carrington J, Chetaneau B, Cohen S, Davies RW, Davis WS, Dix E, Ennion; RA, Furniss S, Gardner JW, Griffin J, Hampton I, Harrison N, Heide C, Hollywood F, Hopkins J, Liddle P, Meagher J, Osborne PY, Piatt T, Postlethwaite K, Procter J, Reynolds EB, Robinson J, Smith M, Sparkes S, Stangroom SG, Stevens R, Sutton P, Swain S, Turnbull J, Vidal JP, Waller JM, Zaiger K. Determination of Lead in Wine by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/80.6.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An interlaboratory study of a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS) method for the determination of lead in wine was conducted. Seventeen laboratories from France, United States, and the United Kingdom, using a variety of GFAAS instruments, took part in the study. The method incorporated a novel matrix-matching procedure to minimize matrix effects between standards and samples. Six wine test materials were prepared and sent to participants as 12 blind duplicate or split level samples. There was good agreement between results obtained from participants and target values (24–279 μg/L) obtained with an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry method. The precision of the GFAAS method was well within the range predicted by the Horwitz equation for the 6 test materials analyzed. Repeatability standard deviations ranged from 3 to 17%. Reproducibility standard deviations were in the range of 10 to 30%. The method is recommended for use for official purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Brereton
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Science Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Paul Robb
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Science Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Christine M Sargent
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Science Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Helen M Crews
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Science Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Roger Wood
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Science Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Outhwaite CL, Powney GD, August TA, Chandler RE, Rorke S, Pescott OL, Harvey M, Roy HE, Fox R, Roy DB, Alexander K, Ball S, Bantock T, Barber T, Beckmann BC, Cook T, Flanagan J, Fowles A, Hammond P, Harvey P, Hepper D, Hubble D, Kramer J, Lee P, MacAdam C, Morris R, Norris A, Palmer S, Plant CW, Simkin J, Stubbs A, Sutton P, Telfer M, Wallace I, Isaac NJB. Annual estimates of occupancy for bryophytes, lichens and invertebrates in the UK, 1970-2015. Sci Data 2019; 6:259. [PMID: 31690719 PMCID: PMC6831696 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we determine annual estimates of occupancy and species trends for 5,293 UK bryophytes, lichens, and invertebrates, providing national scale information on UK biodiversity change for 31 taxonomic groups for the time period 1970 to 2015. The dataset was produced through the application of a Bayesian occupancy modelling framework to species occurrence records supplied by 29 national recording schemes or societies (n = 24,118,549 records). In the UK, annual measures of species status from fine scale data (e.g. 1 × 1 km) had previously been limited to a few taxa for which structured monitoring data are available, mainly birds, butterflies, bats and a subset of moth species. By using an occupancy modelling framework designed for use with relatively low recording intensity data, we have been able to estimate species trends and generate annual estimates of occupancy for taxa where annual trend estimates and status were previously limited or unknown at this scale. These data broaden our knowledge of UK biodiversity and can be used to investigate variation in and drivers of biodiversity change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Outhwaite
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, RSPB, the Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, UK.
| | - Gary D Powney
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Tom A August
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Richard E Chandler
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephanie Rorke
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Oliver L Pescott
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
- British Bryological Society, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Martin Harvey
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
- Soldierflies and Allies Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Helen E Roy
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
- UK Ladybird Survey, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Richard Fox
- National Moth Recording Scheme, Butterfly Conservation, Manor Yard, East Lulworth, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 5QP, UK
| | - David B Roy
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Keith Alexander
- Soldier Beetles, Jewel Beetles and Glow-worms Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Stuart Ball
- Dipterists Forum, Hoverfly Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Tristan Bantock
- Terrestrial Heteroptera Recording Scheme - Shield bugs and allied species, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Tony Barber
- British Myriapod and Isopod Group, Centipede Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Björn C Beckmann
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
- Grasshoppers and Related Insects Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Tony Cook
- Aquatic Heteroptera Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Jim Flanagan
- Terrestrial Heteroptera Recording Scheme - Plant bugs and allied species, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Adrian Fowles
- Weevil and Bark Beetle Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Peter Hammond
- Staphylinidae Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Peter Harvey
- Spider Recording Scheme, British Arachnological Society, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - David Hepper
- Dragonfly Conservation Group, British Dragonfly Society, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Dave Hubble
- Chrysomelidae Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - John Kramer
- Dipterists Forum, Cranefly Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Paul Lee
- British Myriapod and Isopod Group, Millipede Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Craig MacAdam
- Riverfly Recording Schemes: Ephemeroptera, c/o Buglife Scotland, Balallan House, 24 Allan Park, Stirling, FK8 2QG, UK
- Riverfly Recording Schemes: Plecoptera, c/o Buglife Scotland, Balallan House, 24 Allan Park, Stirling, FK8 2QG, UK
| | - Roger Morris
- Dipterists Forum, Hoverfly Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Adrian Norris
- Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Stephen Palmer
- Gelechiid Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Colin W Plant
- Lacewings and Allies Recording Scheme, 14 West Road, Bishops Stortford, Hertfordshire, CM23 3QP, UK
| | - Janet Simkin
- British Lichen Society, c/o School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Alan Stubbs
- Dipterists Forum, Cranefly Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Peter Sutton
- Grasshoppers and Related Insects Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Mark Telfer
- Ground Beetle Recording Scheme, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Ian Wallace
- Riverfly Recording Schemes: Trichoptera, c/o Biological Records Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Nick J B Isaac
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitchell K, Webster J, Tuson C, Burton C, Sutton P, Dunn R, Chandrajay D, Narayanan D, Mansfield M, Barth J, Bandyopadhyay A, Haralambos K, Power B, Jessop J. Setting up a regional fh service; a summary of the achievements and challenges. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Sutton P, Dunn R, Desborough R, Malik M, Bandyopadhyay A, Haramblos K, Narayanan D. An experience of dedicated fh service implementation in hull and east yorkshire hospitals nhs trust. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
14
|
Leptidis I, Sutton P, Liew S, Rooney P. Single centre outcomes of surgery following chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Quinn A, Basnet M, McNulty C, Mayers H, Ganjifrockwala A, Cotterill A, Wallace A, Blackhall F, Sutton P. Establishing ALK immunohisto/cytochemistry testing in multiple centres within Greater Manchester; lessons learned, benefits and consequences. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Campbell AJ, Wilby A, Sutton P, Wäckers F. Getting More Power from Your Flowers: Multi-Functional Flower Strips Enhance Pollinators and Pest Control Agents in Apple Orchards. Insects 2017; 8:insects8030101. [PMID: 28930157 PMCID: PMC5620721 DOI: 10.3390/insects8030101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Flower strips are commonly recommended to boost biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services (e.g., pollination and pest control) on farmland. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regards the extent to which they deliver on these aims. Here, we tested the efficacy of flower strips that targeted different subsets of beneficial arthropods (pollinators and natural enemies) and their ecosystem services in cider apple orchards. Treatments included mixes that specifically targeted: (1) pollinators (‘concealed-nectar plants’); (2) natural enemies (‘open-nectar plants’); or (3) both groups concurrently (i.e., ‘multi-functional’ mix). Flower strips were established in alleyways of four orchards and compared to control alleyways (no flowers). Pollinator (e.g., bees) and natural enemy (e.g., parasitoid wasps, predatory flies and beetles) visitation to flower strips, alongside measures of pest control (aphid colony densities, sentinel prey predation), and fruit production, were monitored in orchards over two consecutive growing seasons. Targeted flower strips attracted either pollinators or natural enemies, whereas mixed flower strips attracted both groups in similar abundance to targeted mixes. Natural enemy densities on apple trees were higher in plots containing open-nectar plants compared to other treatments, but effects were stronger for non-aphidophagous taxa. Predation of sentinel prey was enhanced in all flowering plots compared to controls but pest aphid densities and fruit yield were unaffected by flower strips. We conclude that ‘multi-functional’ flower strips that contain flowering plant species with opposing floral traits can provide nectar and pollen for both pollinators and natural enemies, but further work is required to understand their potential for improving pest control services and yield in cider apple orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Wilby
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Peter Sutton
- Jealotts Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta UK, Jealott's Hill, Bracknell RG42 6EY, UK.
| | - Felix Wäckers
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
- Biobest Belgium NV, Ilse Velden 18, 2260 Westerlo, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jailani RF, Kosai NR, Yaacob NY, Jarmin R, Sutton P, Harunarrashid H, Murie J, Das S. Transarterial angioembolization versus surgery after failed endoscopic therapy for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Clin Ter 2017; 165:294-8. [PMID: 25524184 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2014.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To compare the outcome of transarterial angioembolization (TAE) and surgery with endoscopically unmanageable non-variceal hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case note review of all patients treated for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding from January 2006 till January 2012 was performed. RESULTS Fifty-four of 667 patients with non-variceal bleeding did not respond to endoscopic treatment. Nine of the 54 patients had incomplete data, leaving 45 patients in the study; 24 had angiography and another 21 had surgery. The two groups were broadly similar in terms of relevant clinical variables. Nineteen of 24 having angiography had embolisation. Re-bleeding recurred in 8 patients (33%) in the TAE group and 6 patients (28.6%) in the surgery group (p = 0.28). There was no statistically significant difference in post procedural complications (81% vs 62.5%, p = 0.17), 30-day mortality (33% vs 29.1%, p = 0.17 ) units of blood transfused (12.24 vs 8.92, p = 0.177) and mean hospital stay (30.7 vs 22.9 days, p = 0.281) observed in patients undergoing surgery as compared to TAE. CONCLUSIONS TAE and surgery have similar outcomes in patients with endoscopically unmanageable non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R F Jailani
- Departments of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N R Kosai
- Departments of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Y Yaacob
- Departments of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Jarmin
- Departments of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P Sutton
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - H Harunarrashid
- Departments of 1Surgery, and 2Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Murie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - S Das
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
von Mérey G, Manson PS, Mehrsheikh A, Sutton P, Levine SL. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid chronic risk assessment for soil biota. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016; 35:2742-2752. [PMID: 27028189 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used widely in agriculture, horticulture, private gardens, and public infrastructure, where it is applied to areas such as roadsides, railway tracks, and parks to control the growth of weeds. The exposure risk from glyphosate and the primary soil metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) on representative species of earthworms, springtails, and predatory soil mites and the effects on nitrogen-transformation processes by soil microorganisms were assessed under laboratory conditions based on internationally recognized guidelines. For earthworms, the reproductive no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) was 472.8 mg glyphosate acid equivalent (a.e.)/kg dry soil, which was the highest concentration tested, and 198.1 mg/kg dry soil for AMPA. For predatory mites, the reproductive NOEC was 472.8 mg a.e./kg dry soil for glyphosate and 320 mg/kg dry soil for AMPA, the highest concentrations tested. For springtails, the reproductive NOEC was 472.8 mg a.e./kg dry soil for glyphosate and 315 mg/kg dry soil for AMPA, the highest concentrations tested. Soil nitrogen-transformation processes were unaffected by glyphosate and AMPA at 33.1 mg a.e./kg soil and 160 mg/kg soil, respectively. Comparison of these endpoints with worst-case soil concentrations expected for glyphosate (6.62 mg a.e./kg dry soil) and AMPA (6.18 mg/kg dry soil) for annual applications at the highest annual rate of 4.32 kg a.e./ha indicate very low likelihood of adverse effects on soil biota. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2742-2752. © 2016 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter Sutton
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sheng YH, He Y, Hasnain SZ, Wang R, Tong H, Clarke DT, Lourie R, Oancea I, Wong KY, Lumley JW, Florin TH, Sutton P, Hooper JD, McMillan NA, McGuckin MA. MUC13 protects colorectal cancer cells from death by activating the NF-κB pathway and is a potential therapeutic target. Oncogene 2016; 36:700-713. [PMID: 27399336 PMCID: PMC5541270 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MUC13 is a transmembrane mucin glycoprotein that is over produced by many cancers, although its functions are not fully understood. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor promoting cancer cell survival, but therapeutically targeting this pathway has proved difficult because NF-κB has pleiotropic functions. Here, we report that MUC13 prevents colorectal cancer cell death by promoting two distinct pathways of NF-kB activation, consequently upregulating BCL-XL. MUC13 promoted tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced NF-κB activation by interacting with TNFR1 and the E3 ligase, cIAP1, to increase ubiquitination of RIPK1. MUC13 also promoted genotoxin-induced NF-κB activation by increasing phosphorylation of ATM and SUMOylation of NF-κB essential modulator. Moreover, elevated expression of cytoplasmic MUC13 and NF-κB correlated with colorectal cancer progression and metastases. Our demonstration that MUC13 enhances NF-κB signaling in response to both TNF and DNA-damaging agents provides a new molecular target for specific inhibition of NF-κB activation. As proof of principle, silencing MUC13 sensitized colorectal cancer cells to killing by cytotoxic drugs and inflammatory signals and abolished chemotherapy-induced enrichment of CD133+ CD44+ cancer stem cells, slowed xenograft growth in mice, and synergized with 5-fluourouracil to induce tumor regression. Therefore, these data indicate that combining chemotherapy and MUC13 antagonism could improve the treatment of metastatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Sheng
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Y He
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Z Hasnain
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Wang
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - H Tong
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D T Clarke
- Molecular Basis of Disease Program, School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Lourie
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - I Oancea
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Y Wong
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J W Lumley
- Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Australia
| | - T H Florin
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Sutton
- Mucosal Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J D Hooper
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - N A McMillan
- Molecular Basis of Disease Program, School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - M A McGuckin
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Farag S, Sutton P, Leow KS, Kosai NR, Razman J, Hanafiah H, Das S. Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome: an interesting case report. Clin Ter 2016; 164:323-6. [PMID: 24045516 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2013.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transverse testicular ectopia is an uncommon disorder of testicular ectopia. Nearly thirty percent of the cases is associated with Persistent mullerian duct syndrome which is characterized by karyotypically normal males with retained mullerian derivatives. Understanding the natural process of the condition and the association with malignant potential will allow for a better understanding of the optimal surgical approach. This is a case report of young male presented a left sided inguinal hernia in which the sac contained both testes and uterus. The literature review of the syndrome will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Farag
- Departments of 1Surgery, Worthing Hospital NHS Trust, Lyndhurst road, West Sussex, BN11 2DH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Levine SL, von Mérey G, Minderhout T, Manson P, Sutton P. Aminomethylphosphonic acid has low chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:1382-1389. [PMID: 25690938 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is the simplest member of a class of compounds known as aminomethylenephosphonates and the only environmental metabolite measured in significant amounts during the degradation of the herbicide glyphosate in soil. However, there are additional sources of AMPA in the environment, originating from organic phosphonates which are used in water treatment to inhibit scale formation and corrosion. Like glyphosate, AMPA has low acute toxicity to aquatic animals, and the no-observed-adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) obtained from a fish full-life cycle study for glyphosate was determined to be 26 mg/L. However, the chronic toxicity of AMPA to aquatic animals has not been evaluated before. The purpose of the present study was to assess the potential for chronic toxicity of AMPA to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and Daphnia magna. Chronic toxicity to P. promelas was evaluated in a fish early-life stage study. The primary endpoints were larval survival, growth, and development. The NOAEC for P. promelas was determined to be 12 mg/L, the highest concentration tested. The chronic toxicity to D. magna was evaluated in a Daphnia reproduction test. The primary endpoints were survival, growth, and reproduction. The no-observed-effect concentration for D. magna was determined to be 15 mg/L. Conservatively predicted environmental surface water concentrations for AMPA from typical foliar agricultural application rates and values from surface water monitoring programs are 100 to 1000 times less than the NOAEC values from both studies. Consequently, there is a large and highly protective margin of safety between realistic environmental exposures to AMPA and chronic toxicity to aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peter Sutton
- Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta, Bracknell, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Sutton P, Bowden D, Jithesh P, Hamid B, Abbott G, Palmer D, Goldring C, Kitteringham N, Vimalachandran D. 243. High expression of acid ceramidase confers radioresistance in rectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.08.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
24
|
|
25
|
Sutton P, Kavanaugh-Lynch MHE, Plumb M, Yen IH, Sarantis H, Thomsen CL, Campleman S, Galpern E, Dickenson C, Woodruff TJ. California Breast Cancer Prevention Initiatives: Setting a research agenda for prevention. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 54:11-8. [PMID: 25277312 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The environment is an underutilized pathway to breast cancer prevention. Current research approaches and funding streams related to breast cancer and the environment are unequal to the task at hand. We undertook the California Breast Cancer Prevention Initiatives, a four-year comprehensive effort to set a research agenda related to breast cancer, the environment, disparities and prevention. We identified 20 topics for Concept Proposals reflecting a life-course approach and the complex etiology of breast cancer; considering the environment as chemical, physical and socially constructed exposures that are experienced concurrently: at home, in the community and at work; and addressing how we should be modifying the world around us to promote a less carcinogenic environment. Redirecting breast cancer research toward prevention-oriented discovery could significantly reduce the incidence and associated disparities of the disease among future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sutton
- University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1135, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| | - M H E Kavanaugh-Lynch
- California Breast Cancer Research Program, University of California, Office of the President, 300 Lakeside Drive, 6th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612-3550, USA
| | - M Plumb
- Plumbline Consulting and Coaching, 541 South 52nd Street, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| | - I H Yen
- University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - H Sarantis
- Commonweal, P.O. Box 316, Bolinas, CA 94924, USA
| | - C L Thomsen
- California Breast Cancer Research Program, University of California, Office of the President, 300 Lakeside Drive, 6th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612-3550, USA
| | - S Campleman
- California Breast Cancer Research Program, University of California, Office of the President, 300 Lakeside Drive, 6th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612-3550, USA
| | - E Galpern
- Plumbline Consulting and Coaching, 541 South 52nd Street, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| | - C Dickenson
- University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1135, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - T J Woodruff
- University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1135, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Thompson HM, Levine SL, Doering J, Norman S, Manson P, Sutton P, von Mérey G. Evaluating exposure and potential effects on honeybee brood (Apis mellifera) development using glyphosate as an example. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014; 10:463-70. [PMID: 24616275 PMCID: PMC4285224 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an approach to evaluate potential effects of plant protection products on honeybee brood with colonies at realistic worst-case exposure rates. The approach comprised 2 stages. In the first stage, honeybee colonies were exposed to a commercial formulation of glyphosate applied to flowering Phacelia tanacetifolia with glyphosate residues quantified in relevant matrices (pollen and nectar) collected by foraging bees on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 postapplication and glyphosate levels in larvae were measured on days 4 and 7. Glyphosate levels in pollen were approximately 10 times higher than in nectar and glyphosate demonstrated rapid decline in both matrices. Residue data along with foraging rates and food requirements of the colony were then used to set dose rates in the effects study. In the second stage, the toxicity of technical glyphosate to developing honeybee larvae and pupae, and residues in larvae, were then determined by feeding treated sucrose directly to honeybee colonies at dose rates that reflect worst-case exposure scenarios. There were no significant effects from glyphosate observed in brood survival, development, and mean pupal weight. Additionally, there were no biologically significant levels of adult mortality observed in any glyphosate treatment group. Significant effects were observed only in the fenoxycarb toxic reference group and included increased brood mortality and a decline in the numbers of bees and brood. Mean glyphosate residues in larvae were comparable at 4 days after spray application in the exposure study and also following dosing at a level calculated from the mean measured levels in pollen and nectar, showing the applicability and robustness of the approach for dose setting with honeybee brood studies. This study has developed a versatile and predictive approach for use in higher tier honeybee toxicity studies. It can be used to realistically quantify exposure of colonies to pesticides to allow the appropriate dose rates to be determined, based on realistic worst-case residues in pollen and nectar and estimated intake by the colony, as shown by the residue analysis. Previous studies have used the standard methodology developed primarily to identify pesticides with insect-growth disrupting properties of pesticide formulations, which are less reliant on identifying realistic exposure scenarios. However, this adaptation of the method can be used to determine dose-response effects of colony level exposure to pesticides with a wide range of properties. This approach would limit the number of replicated tunnel or field-scale studies that need to be undertaken to assess effects on honeybee brood and may be of particular benefit where residues in pollen and nectar are crop- and/or formulation-specific, such as systemic seed treatments and granular applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Thompson
- FERASand Hutton, York, United Kingdom
- Present address is Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknell, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Steve Norman
- Dow AgroSciencesAbingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Present address is RidgewayEco, Innovation CentreMilton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Manson
- Cheminova A/SCardale Park, Harrogate, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sutton
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknell, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jones R, Stättner S, Sutton P, Dunne D, McWhirter D, Fenwick S, Malik H, Poston G. Controversies in the oncosurgical management of liver limited stage IV colorectal cancer. Surg Oncol 2014; 23:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
28
|
Estebanez G, Hunt D, Wilson P, Sutton P, Vimalachandran D. Management of indeterminate lung nodules in colorectal cancer. Int J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
29
|
Jones RP, Sutton P, Greensmith RMD, Santoyo-Castelazo A, Carr DF, Jenkins R, Rowe C, Hamlett J, Park BK, Terlizzo M, O'Grady E, Ghaneh P, Fenwick SW, Malik HZ, Poston GJ, Kitteringham NR. Hepatic activation of irinotecan predicts tumour response in patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with DEBIRI: exploratory findings from a phase II study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 72:359-68. [PMID: 23756919 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-013-2199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The response of colorectal liver metastases to the cytotoxic agent irinotecan varies widely. Attempts to correlate tumour metabolism with response have been mixed. This study investigated the hepatic metabolism of irinotecan as a potential predictor of tumour response to irinotecan-eluting beads (DEBIRI). METHODS Ten patients with colorectal liver metastases were treated with 200 mg irinotecan (as DEBIRI) as part of the PARAGON II study. Hepatic expression of key metabolising enzymes was measured using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Serum drug concentrations and hepatic irinotecan metabolism were characterised and correlated with tumour response. RESULTS Serum concentrations of irinotecan metabolites did not correlate with hepatic metabolism or pathological response. There was a strong correlation between hepatic CES-2 expression and activation of irinotecan (r (2) = 0.96, p < 0.001). Patients with a UGT1A1*28 6/7 SNP showed no difference in drug metabolism or pathological response. Hepatic CES-2 mediated activation of irinotecan clearly correlated with tumour replacement by fibrosis (r (2) = 0.54, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that hepatic activation of irinotecan predicts tumour response. Delivery of liver-targeted irinotecan to normal liver tissue rather than tumour may be a more rational approach to maximise response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R P Jones
- School of Cancer Studies, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dore AJ, Carslaw D, Chemel C, Derwent RG, Fisher BEA, Griffiths SJ, Lawrence S, Metcalfe SE, Redington A, Simpson D, Sokhi R, Sutton P, Vieno M, Whyatt JD. Evaluation and Inter-comparison of Acid Deposition Models for the UK. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
|
31
|
Hunt D, Estebanez G, Wilson P, Sutton P, Vimalchandran D. 194 Management of indeterminate lung nodules in colorectal cancer. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
32
|
Blake RJ, Westbury DB, Woodcock BA, Sutton P, Potts SG. Enhancement of Buffer Strips Can Improve Provision of Multiple Ecosystem Services. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1564/23dec05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
33
|
Opthof T, Sutton P, Coronel R, Wright S, Kallis P, Taggart P. The Association of Abnormal Ventricular Wall Motion and Increased Dispersion of Repolarization in Humans is Independent of the Presence of Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2012; 3:235. [PMID: 22783201 PMCID: PMC3388480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal ventricular wall motion is a strong clinical predictor of sudden, arrhythmic, cardiac death. Dispersion in repolarization is a prerequisite for the initiation of re-entrant arrhythmia. We hypothesize that regionally decreased wall motion is associated with heterogeneity of repolarization. We measured local activation times, activation-recovery intervals (ARIs, surrogate for action potential duration), and repolarization times using a multielectrode grid at nine segments on the left ventricular epicardium in 23 patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Regional wall motion was simultaneously assessed using intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Three groups were discriminated: (1) Patients with normal wall motion (n = 11), (2) Patients with one or more hypokinetic segments (n = 6), (3) Patients with one or more akinetic or dyskinetic segments (n = 6). The average ARI was similar in all groups (251 ± 3.7 ms, ±SEM). Dispersion of ARIs between the nine segments was significantly increased in the hypokinetic (84 ± 7.4 ms, p < 0.005) and akinetic/dyskinetic group (94 ± 3.5 ms, p < 0.0005) compared with the normal group (49 ± 5.1 ms), independent from the presence of myocardial infarction. Repolarization heterogeneity occurred primarily in the normally contracting regions of the hearts with abnormal wall motion. An almost maximal increased dispersion of repolarization was observed when there was only a single hypokinetic segment. We conclude that inhomogeneous wall motion abnormality of even moderate severity is associated with increased repolarization inhomogeneity, independent from the presence of infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Opthof
- Experimental Cardiology Group, Center for Heart Failure Research, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Humes DJ, Simpson J, Smith J, Sutton P, Zaitoun A, Bush D, Bennett A, Scholefield JH, Spiller RC. Visceral hypersensitivity in symptomatic diverticular disease and the role of neuropeptides and low grade inflammation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:318-e163. [PMID: 22276853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent abdominal pain is reported by a third of patients with diverticulosis, particularly those with previous episodes of acute diverticulitis. The current understanding of the etiology of this pain is poor. Our aim was to assess visceral sensitivity in patients with diverticular disease and its association with markers of previous inflammation and neuropeptides. METHODS Patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticular disease underwent a flexible sigmoidoscopy and biopsy followed 5-10 days later by visceral sensitivity testing with barostat-mediated rectal distension. Inflammation was assessed by staining of serotonin (5HT) and CD3 positive cells. mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantitated using RT-PCR. Neuropeptide expression was assessed from percentage area staining with substance P (SP) and mRNA levels of the neurokinin 1 & 2 receptors (NK1 & NK2), and galanin 1 receptor (GALR1). KEY RESULTS Thirteen asymptomatic and 12 symptomatic patients were recruited. The symptomatic patients had a lower first reported threshold to pain (28.4 mmHg i.q.r 25.0-36.0) than the asymptomatic patients (47 mmHg i.q.r 36.0-52.5, P < 0.001). Symptomatic patients had a higher median overall pain rating for the stimuli than the asymptomatic patients (P < 0.02). Symptomatic patients had greater median relative expression of NK1 and TNF alpha mRNA compared with asymptomatic patients. There was a significant correlation between barostat VAS pain scores and NK 1 expression (Figure 4, r(2) 0.54, P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Patients with symptomatic diverticular disease exhibit visceral hypersensitivity, and this may be mediated by ongoing low grade inflammation and upregulation of tachykinins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Humes
- Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Blake RJ, Westbury DB, Woodcock BA, Sutton P, Potts SG. Investigating the phytotoxicity of the graminicide fluazifop-P-butyl against native UK wildflower species. Pest Manag Sci 2012; 68:412-421. [PMID: 21972119 DOI: 10.1002/ps.2282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selective graminicide fluazifop-P-butyl is used for the control of grass weeds in dicotyledonous crops, and commonly applied in amenity areas to reduce grass productivity and promote wildflower establishment. However, evidence suggests that fluazifop-P-butyl might also have phytotoxic effects on some non-target plants. This study investigates the effects of fluazifop-P-butyl on the emergence, phytotoxicity and above-ground biomass of nine perennial wildflower species and two grass species, following pre- and post-emergent applications at half, full and double label rates in a series of glasshouse experiments. RESULTS While pre- and post-emergent applications of fluazifop-P-butyl caused reductions in seedling emergence and increased phytotoxicity on native wildflower and grass species, these effects were temporary for the majority of wildflower species tested, and generally only occurred at the double application rate. No differences in biomass were observed at any of the rates, suggesting good selectivity and no long-term effects of fluazifop-P-butyl application on the wildflower species from either pre-emergent or post-emergent applications. CONCLUSION These results have direct relevance to the management of amenity areas for biodiversity, as they confirm the suitability of these wildflower species for inclusion in seed mixtures where fluazifop-P-butyl is to be applied to control grass productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Blake
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, Berks, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
The low contact stress patellofemoral replacement consists of a trochlear component and a modular patellar component which has a metal-backed mobile polyethylene bearing. We present the early results of the use of this prosthesis for established isolated patellofemoral arthritis in 51 consecutive patellofemoral replacements in 35 patients. The mean follow-up was 25 months (5 to 60). The estimated survival rate at three years was 63% (95% confidence interval 47 to 80) with revision as the endpoint and 46% (95% confidence interval 30 to 63) with revision and ongoing moderate or severe pain as the endpoint. The early results of the use of the low contact stress patellofemoral replacement are disappointing with a high rate of revision. We cannot therefore recommend its use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Z. Abiddin
- Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Armthorpe Road, Doncaster DN2 5LT, UK
| | - S. P. Mills
- Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - S. Rogers
- Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Whinney Heys Road, Blackpool FY3 8NR, UK
| | - P. Sutton
- Knee Reconstruction Unit, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - R. Parkinson
- Orthopaedic Department, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Arrowe Park Hospital, Arrowe Park Road, Upton, Wirral CH49 5PE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Modern farming has caused considerable declines in UK bumblebee populations, and, while options exist for farmers to increase the quantity of bee-friendly habitat, uptake has been low. Robin Blake explains how existing habitats on farms could be enhanced for the benefit of bumblebees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Blake
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Charalambous CP, Alvi F, Sutton P. Conventional diathermy in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - a safe and cost-effective alternative to commercial thermal devices. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2010. [PMID: 20626984 DOI: 10.1308/003588410x12699663903719h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
39
|
Charalambous CP, Alvi F, Sutton P. Conventional diathermy in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction – a safe and cost-effective alternative to commercial thermal devices. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2010; 92:442. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2010.92.5.442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - F Alvi
- Northern General Hospital Sheffield, UK
| | - P Sutton
- Northern General Hospital Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sutton P. Suggestions for a bicameral system. Anthropological Forum 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00664677.1984.9967368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
41
|
|
42
|
Sutton P. Some questions about adjudication, customary law and land. Anthropological Forum 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00664677.1984.9967379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
43
|
|
44
|
Sutton P. Proposals for anthropological input to baseline and impact studies. Anthropological Forum 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00664677.1984.9967376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
45
|
|
46
|
|
47
|
Hajeer AH, Sawidan FA, Bohlega S, Saleh S, Sutton P, Shubaili A, Tahan AA, Al Jumah M. HLA class I and class II polymorphisms in Saudi patients with myasthenia gravis. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:169-72. [PMID: 19490212 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00843.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction. MG has been shown to be associated with many HLA antigens in different populations. Here we have analysed the frequency of HLA-A, B, DR and DQ in a group of Saudi MG patients and compared their results to a group of healthy controls. MG in Saudi patients is found to be associated with HLA-A*23, B*08, B*18, DRB1*16 and DRB1*13. The strongest association was with HLA-B*08, which was associated with young age at onset and female gender. Our results are in line with other published results from around the world and warrant fine mapping of the area using microsatellite to map the disease gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Hajeer
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Hajeer AH, Saleh S, Sutton P, Shubaili A, Anazi H. Pronase-free B-cell flow-cytometry crossmatch. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2009; 20:662-665. [PMID: 19587513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of anti-class II antibodies by panel response assay (PRA) and flow cross-match techniques carries an important value in terms of graft function. Even low levels of pre-formed alloantibodies to HLA class II antigens represent a risk of rejection. We present here a method for blocking non-specific flow crossmatch reactions using pooled, heat-inactivated rabbit serum. This method shows very low background and minimal non-specific reactions. In addition, it avoids the use pronase enzyme that can non-specifically digest different cell surface proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Hajeer
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hanson B, Sutton P, Elameri N, Gray M, Critchley H, Gill JS, Taggart P. Interaction of Activation–Repolarization Coupling and Restitution Properties in Humans. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2009; 2:162-70. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.108.785352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Dynamic modulation of repolarization is important in arrhythmogenesis. An inverse relation exists in myocardium between activation time (AT) and action potential duration (APD). We hypothesized that resulting gradients of APD and diastolic interval (DI) interact with restitution properties and modulate the timing of repolarization.
Methods and Results—
Activation-recovery intervals (ARI) were acquired from reconstructed noncontact unipolar electrograms from the left ventricular endocardium in 9 patients (7 male) with normal ventricles. At a basic paced cycle length (median, 450 ms), ARIs shortened along the path of activation, with a mandatory reciprocal increase of DIs. In the median patient, this range of DIs started at 230 ms at the site of earliest activation and increased to 279 ms at the site of latest activation at a basic cycle length of 450 ms. Four consecutive standard S1 to S2 restitution curves were performed. At sites with a longer ARI (and therefore shorter DI) close to the site of stimulation, premature stimulation produced more shortening of ARIs; therefore, the time course of restitution was steeper than at more distal sites. At normal heart rate, the decrease in ARIs along the conduction pathway compensated for later activation. Thus, dispersion in repolarization time (RT) is smaller than dispersion in ARI in a heart with a steep negative AT–ARI relationship. This protective effect is lost in hearts without such a relationship. In the patients with a steep AT–ARI relationship at basic cycle length, this relation is lost after premature stimulation and is a function of prematurity. Thus, dispersion in RT is larger after shortly coupled extra stimuli in patients with a steep AT–ARI relationship.
Conclusions—
A complex interplay exists between activation–repolarization coupling and restitution properties, largely driven by ARI and DI gradients. This plays a significant role in the dynamics of repolarization in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Hanson
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sutton
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Nasser Elameri
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Gray
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo Critchley
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Jaswinder S. Gill
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Taggart
- From the Department of Mechanical Engineering (B.H.), University College London, London, United Kingdom; The Hatter Institute, Department of Cardiology (P.S., P.T.), University College Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology (N.E., J.S.G.), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and Brighton and Sussex Medical School (M.G., H.C.), East Sussex, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|