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Halsey LG, Careau V, Ainslie PN, Alemán-Mateo H, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bandini L, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Brage S, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SG, Casper R, Close GL, Colbert LH, Cooper JA, Cooper R, Dabare P, Das SK, Davies PSW, Deb S, Nyström CD, Dietz W, Dugas LR, Eaton S, Ekelund U, Hamdouchi AE, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Gillingham M, Goris AH, Gurven M, Haisma H, Hambly C, Hoffman DJ, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen A, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kimura M, Kraus WE, Kriengsinyos W, Kuriyan R, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Lanerolle P, Larsson CL, Lessan N, Löf M, Martin CK, Matsiko E, Meijer GA, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Must A, Neuhouser M, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietilainen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich R, Racette SB, Raichen DA, Ravussin E, Redman L, Reilly JJ, Reynolds RM, Roberts S, Samaranayake D, Sardinha LB, Schuit AJ, Silva AM, Sinha S, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Stunkard A, Urlacher SS, Valencia ME, Valenti G, van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Verbunt JA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood B, Yoshida T, Zhang X, Murphy-Alford A, Loechl C, Luke A, Pontzer H, Rood J, Sagayama H, Westerterp KR, Wong WW, Yamada Y, Speakman JR. Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20230152. [PMID: 37727077 PMCID: PMC10509569 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks. We tested this hypothesis on a large dataset by comparing the amount of male variation and female variation in total EE, activity EE and basal EE, at different life stages, along with several morphological traits: height, fat free mass and fat mass. Total EE, and to some degree also activity EE, exhibit considerable greater male variation (GMV) in young adults, and then a decreasing GMV in progressively older individuals. Arguably, basal EE, and also morphometrics, do not exhibit this pattern. These findings suggest that single male sexual characteristics may not exhibit peak GMV in young adulthood, however total and perhaps also activity EE, associated with many morphological and physiological traits combined, do exhibit GMV most prominently during the reproductive life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis G. Halsey
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Vincent Careau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip N. Ainslie
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Lene F. Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J. Anderson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Leonore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Issad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail, Rabat, PC.10100, Morocco
| | - Linda Bandini
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellen E. Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6200 MD, Netherlands
| | - Stephane Blanc
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven Unversity of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for primary care and public health (Unisante), 1012 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maciej S. Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F. Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephan G. Camps
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Regina Casper
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Graeme L. Close
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Prasangi Dabare
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Peter S. W. Davies
- Child Health Research Centre, Level 6 Centre for Children's Health Research, University of Queensland, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Sanjoy Deb
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Lara R. Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Eaton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, PO Box 4014, 0806 Ulleval Stadion, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail, Rabat, PC.10100, Morocco
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Barry W. Fudge
- Physiology Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, PO Box 22287, Qatar
| | - Melanie Gillingham
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Annelies H. Goris
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Hinke Haisma
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Landleven 1, 9747AD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Daniel J. Hoffman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Program in International Nutrition, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Marije B. Hoos
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6200 MD, Netherlands
| | - Sumei Hu
- Institute of Genetics and development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen Xi lu, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Port Louis, 72259, Mauritius
| | - Annemiek Joosen
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Katzmarzyk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Kitty P. Kempen
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Rebecca Kuriyan
- Division of Nutrition, St John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560034, India
| | | | - Estelle V. Lambert
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pulani Lanerolle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Christel L. Larsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Corby K. Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Eric Matsiko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Gerwin A. Meijer
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6200 MD, Netherlands
| | - James C. Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - James P. Morton
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Aviva Must
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Marian Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Theresa A. Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert M. Ojiambo
- Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
- University of Global Health Equity, Rwanda
| | | | | | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ross L. Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | | | - Susan B. Racette
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - David A. Raichen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Leanne Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - John J. Reilly
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rebecca M. Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Susan Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Dulani Samaranayake
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Luís B. Sardinha
- Exercise and health laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Albertine J. Schuit
- Executive Board, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Noord-Brabant, 5037 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Analiza M. Silva
- Exercise and health laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Srishti Sinha
- Division of Nutrition, St John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560034, India
| | - Anders M. Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Stice
- PhD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Albert Stunkard
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry
| | | | - Mauro Eduardo Valencia
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Giulio Valenti
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ludo M. van Etten
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edgar A. Van Mil
- Chair Youth, Food and Health, Maastricht University, 5911 BV, Venlo, and Lifestyle Medicine Center for Children, Jeroen Bosch Hospital 5223 GW `s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine A. Verbunt
- imec within OnePlanet Research Center, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C. K. Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Brian Wood
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, USA
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Alexia Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Loechl
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy Luke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Dept. of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Klaas R. Westerterp
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6200 MD, Netherlands
| | - William W. Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John R. Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Yamada Y, Zhang X, Henderson MET, Sagayama H, Pontzer H, Watanabe D, Yoshida T, Kimura M, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SG, Close GL, Cooper JA, Cooper R, Das SK, Dugas LR, Eaton S, Ekelund U, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Goris AH, Gurven M, Halsey LG, Hambly C, El Hamdouchi A, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen AM, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kraus WE, Kriengsinyos W, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Leonard WR, Lessan N, Martin CK, Medin AC, Meijer EP, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Neuhouser ML, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietiläinen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich RA, Racette SB, Raichlen DA, Ravussin E, Redman LM, Reilly JJ, Reynolds RM, Roberts SB, Schuit AJ, Sardinha LB, Silva AM, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Urlacher SS, Valenti G, Van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood BM, Yanovski JA, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Luke AH, Rood J, Westerterp KR, Wong WW, Miyachi M, Schoeller DA, Speakman JR. Variation in human water turnover associated with environmental and lifestyle factors. Science 2022; 378:909-915. [PMID: 36423296 PMCID: PMC9764345 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lacks access to safe drinking water. Water intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the water used by the body each day. We investigated the determinants of human WT in 5604 people from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from 23 countries using isotope-tracking (2H) methods. Age, body size, and composition were significantly associated with WT, as were physical activity, athletic status, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, and environmental characteristics (latitude, altitude, air temperature, and humidity). People who lived in countries with a low human development index (HDI) had higher WT than people in high-HDI countries. On the basis of this extensive dataset, we provide equations to predict human WT in relation to anthropometric, economic, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mary E T Henderson
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J Anderson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Issad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stephane Blanc
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Université de Strasbourg, UMR7178, France
| | | | | | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maciej S Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan G Camps
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Public Health Sciences, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Eaton
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | | | | | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Lewis G Halsey
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN-Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Sumei Hu
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Mauritius
| | | | | | | | | | - Wantanee Kriengsinyos
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakon-Pathom, Thailand
| | - Robert F Kushner
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS) Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- The FA Group, Burton-Upon-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Ojiambo
- Kenya School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
- Rwanda Division of Basic Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, Rwanda
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, and Abdominal Center, Obesity Center, HealthyWeightHub, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Susan B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA, and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan B Roberts
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albertine J Schuit
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Luis B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Analiza M Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anders M Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Stice
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samuel S Urlacher
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giulio Valenti
- Phillips Research, Eindoven, Netherlands
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Edgar A Van Mil
- Maastricht University, Brightlands Campus Greenport Venlo and Lifestyle Medicine Center for Children, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian M Wood
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy H Luke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - William W Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Biotechnology Center and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John R Speakman
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming, China
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3
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Westerterp KR, Yamada Y, Sagayama H, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SGJA, Close GL, Cooper JA, Das SK, Cooper R, Dugas LR, Ekelund U, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Goris AH, Gurven M, Hambly C, El Hamdouchi A, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen AM, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kimura M, Kraus WE, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Leonard WR, Lessan N, Martin CK, Medin AC, Meijer EP, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Neuhouser ML, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietiläinen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich RA, Racette SB, Raichlen DA, Ravussin E, Reynolds RM, Roberts SB, Schuit AJ, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Urlacher SS, Valenti G, Van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood BM, Yanovski J, Yoshida T, Zhang X, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Luke AH, Pontzer H, Rood J, Schoeller DA, Wong WW, Speakman JR. Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1583-1589. [PMID: 34477824 PMCID: PMC8574623 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3-96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM-adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: -0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: -0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J Anderson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Crewe Alexandra Football Club, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Issaad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN–Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with African Regional Agreement for Research/International Atomic Energy Agency, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stephane Blanc
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA,Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien. CNRS Université de Strasbourg, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maciej S Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan G J A Camps
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sai K Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Barry W Fudge
- Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Annelies H Goris
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN–Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with African Regional Agreement for Research/International Atomic Energy Agency, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marije B Hoos
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sumei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Port Louis, Mauritius
| | - Annemiek M Joosen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Kitty P Kempen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Misaka Kimura
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Robert F Kushner
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Erwin P Meijer
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom,The FA Group, Burton-Upon-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Ojiambo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, Butaro, Rwanda
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roberto A Rabinovich
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan B Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albertine J Schuit
- School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Anders M Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Stice
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Giulio Valenti
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ludo M Van Etten
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Edgar A Van Mil
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, and Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Brian M Wood
- Department of Antropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy H Luke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Biotech Center and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William W Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John R Speakman
- Address correspondence to JRS (E-mail: ) and AHL, HP, JR, HS, DAS, YY, and WWW as members of the database management group and additional corresponding authors
| | - International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database group
BranthStefanUniversity of Uppsala, Uppsala, SwedenColbertLisa HKinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USADe BruinNiels CErasmus University, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDutmanAlice ETNO Quality of Life, Zeist, NetherlandsElmståhlSölveLund University, Lund, SwedenFogelholmMikaelDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, FinlandHarrisTamaraNIH, Bethesda, MD, USAHeijligenbergRikAcademic Medical Center of Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, NetherlandsJorgensenHans UBispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkLarssonChristel LRothenbergElisabet MUniversity of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenMcCloskeyMargaretRoyal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, United KingdomMeijerGerwin APannemansDaphne LSchulzSabineVan den Berg-EmonsRitaVan GemertWim GWilhelmineWVerboeket-van deVenneVerbuntJeanine AMaastricht University, Maastricht, NetherlandsPhilippaertsRenaat MKatholieke University Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumSubarAmyEpidemiology and Genomics, Division of Cancer Control, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USATanskanenMinnaUniversity of Jyväskilä, Jyväskilä, FinlandUauyRicardoInstitute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, ChileVelthuis-te WierikErica JTNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, Netherlands
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4
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Speakman JR, Yamada Y, Sagayama H, Berman ESF, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, Arab L, Baddou I, Bedu-Addo K, Blaak EE, Blanc S, Bonomi AG, Bouten CVC, Bovet P, Buchowski MS, Butte NF, Camps SGJA, Close GL, Cooper JA, Creasy SA, Das SK, Cooper R, Dugas LR, Ebbeling CB, Ekelund U, Entringer S, Forrester T, Fudge BW, Goris AH, Gurven M, Hambly C, El Hamdouchi A, Hoos MB, Hu S, Joonas N, Joosen AM, Katzmarzyk P, Kempen KP, Kimura M, Kraus WE, Kushner RF, Lambert EV, Leonard WR, Lessan N, Ludwig DS, Martin CK, Medin AC, Meijer EP, Morehen JC, Morton JP, Neuhouser ML, Nicklas TA, Ojiambo RM, Pietiläinen KH, Pitsiladis YP, Plange-Rhule J, Plasqui G, Prentice RL, Rabinovich RA, Racette SB, Raichlen DA, Ravussin E, Reynolds RM, Roberts SB, Schuit AJ, Sjödin AM, Stice E, Urlacher SS, Valenti G, Van Etten LM, Van Mil EA, Wells JCK, Wilson G, Wood BM, Yanovski J, Yoshida T, Zhang X, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Melanson EL, Luke AH, Pontzer H, Rood J, Schoeller DA, Westerterp KR, Wong WW. A standard calculation methodology for human doubly labeled water studies. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100203. [PMID: 33665639 PMCID: PMC7897799 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures total energy expenditure (TEE) in free-living subjects. Several equations are used to convert isotopic data into TEE. Using the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) DLW database (5,756 measurements of adults and children), we show considerable variability is introduced by different equations. The estimated rCO2 is sensitive to the dilution space ratio (DSR) of the two isotopes. Based on performance in validation studies, we propose a new equation based on a new estimate of the mean DSR. The DSR is lower at low body masses (<10 kg). Using data for 1,021 babies and infants, we show that the DSR varies non-linearly with body mass between 0 and 10 kg. Using this relationship to predict DSR from weight provides an equation for rCO2 over this size range that agrees well with indirect calorimetry (average difference 0.64%; SD = 12.2%). We propose adoption of these equations in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Speakman
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming, China
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Philip N Ainslie
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Liam J Anderson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Crewe Alexandra Football Club, Crewe, UK
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Issaad Baddou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN- Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Stephane Blanc
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS Université de Strasbourg, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maciej S Buchowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy F Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Seth A Creasy
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschulz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | | | | | - Michael Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Hambly
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Asmaa El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN- Université Ibn Tofail URAC39, Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Sumei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Port Louis, Mauritius
| | | | | | | | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nader Lessan
- Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,The FA Group, Burton-Upon-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Ojiambo
- Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.,University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Susan B Racette
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Biological Sciences and Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan B Roberts
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anders M Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Edgar A Van Mil
- Maastricht and Lifestyle Medicine Center for Children, Jeroen Bosch Hospital's-Hertogenbosch, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - George Wilson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian M Wood
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack Yanovski
- Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edward L Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschulz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Eastern Colorado VA Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.,Division of Geriatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amy H Luke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Biotech Center and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Klaas R Westerterp
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - William W Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Ter Bekke RMA, Isaacs A, Barysenka A, Hoos MB, Jongbloed JDH, Hoorntje JCA, Patelski ASM, Helderman-van den Enden ATJM, van den Wijngaard A, Stoll M, Volders PGA. Heritability in a SCN5A-mutation founder population with increased female susceptibility to non-nocturnal ventricular tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Heart Rhythm 2017; 14:1873-1881. [PMID: 28782696 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heritable cardiac-sodium channel dysfunction is associated with various arrhythmia syndromes, some predisposing to ventricular fibrillation. Phenotypic diversity among carriers of identical-by-descent mutations is often remarkable, suggesting influences of genetic modifiers. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify a unique SCN5A-mutation founder population with mixed clinical phenotypes and sudden cardiac death, and to investigate the heritability of electromechanical traits besides the SCN5A-mutation effect. METHODS The 16-generation founder population segregating SCN5A c.4850_4852delTCT, p.(Phe1617del), was comprehensively phenotyped. Variance component analysis was used to evaluate the mutation's effects and assess heritability. RESULTS In 45 p.(Phe1617del) positives, the mutation associated strongly with QTc prolongation (472 ± 60 ms vs 423 ± 35 ms in 26 mutation negatives; P <.001; odds ratio for long-QT syndrome 22.4; 95% confidence interval 4.5-224.2; P <.001) and electromechanical window (EMW) negativity (-29 ± 47 ms vs 34 ± 26 ms; P <.001). Overlapping phenotypes including conduction delay and Brugada syndrome were noted in 19. Polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurred mostly in the daytime, after arousal-evoked heart-rate acceleration and repolarization prolongation. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed female gender as an independent risk factor for cardiac events (hazard ratio 5.1; 95% confidence interval 1.6-16.3; P = .006). p.(Phe1617del) was an important determinant of QTcbaseline, QTcmax, and EMW, explaining 18%, 28%, and 37%, respectively, of the trait's variance. Significant heritability was observed for PQ interval (P = .003) after accounting for the p.(Phe1617del) effect. CONCLUSION This SCN5A-p.(Phe1617del) founder population with phenotypic divergence and overlap reveals long-QT syndrome-related and arousal-evoked ventricular tachyarrhythmias with a female preponderance. Variance component analysis indicates additional genetic variance for PQ interval hidden in the genome, besides a dominant p.(Phe1617del) effect on QTc and EMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M A Ter Bekke
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio) and Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Barysenka
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marije B Hoos
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan D H Jongbloed
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C A Hoorntje
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arthur van den Wijngaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Stoll
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio) and Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Paul G A Volders
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Claes GRF, van Tienen FHJ, Lindsey P, Krapels IPC, Helderman-van den Enden ATJM, Hoos MB, Barrois YEG, Janssen JWH, Paulussen ADC, Sels JWEM, Kuijpers SHH, van Tintelen JP, van den Berg MP, Heesen WF, Garcia-Pavia P, Perrot A, Christiaans I, Salemink S, Marcelis CLM, Smeets HJM, Brunner HG, Volders PGA, van den Wijngaard A. Hypertrophic remodelling in cardiac regulatory myosin light chain (MYL2) founder mutation carriers. Eur Heart J 2015; 37:1815-22. [PMID: 26497160 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Phenotypic heterogeneity and incomplete penetrance are common in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aim to improve the understanding in genotype-phenotype correlations in HCM, particularly the contribution of an MYL2 founder mutation and risk factors to left ventricular hypertrophic remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed 14 HCM families of whom 38 family members share the MYL2 c.64G > A [p.(Glu22Lys)] mutation and a common founder haplotype. In this unique cohort, we investigated factors influencing phenotypic outcome in addition to the primary mutation. The mutation alone showed benign disease manifestation with low penetrance. The co-presence of additional risk factors for hypertrophy such as hypertension, obesity, or other sarcomeric gene mutation increased disease penetrance substantially and caused HCM in 89% of MYL2 mutation carriers (P = 0.0005). The most prominent risk factor was hypertension, observed in 71% of mutation carriers with HCM and an additional risk factor. CONCLUSION The MYL2 mutation c.64G > A on its own is incapable of triggering clinical HCM in most carriers. However, the presence of an additional risk factor for hypertrophy, particularly hypertension, adds to the development of HCM. Early diagnosis of risk factors is important for early treatment of MYL2 mutation carriers and close monitoring should be guaranteed in this case. Our findings also suggest that the presence of hypertension or another risk factor for hypertrophy should not be an exclusion criterion for genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godelieve R F Claes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florence H J van Tienen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid P C Krapels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Apollonia T J M Helderman-van den Enden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije B Hoos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette E G Barrois
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna W H Janssen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aimée D C Paulussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem E M Sels
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Intensive Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - J Peter van Tintelen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten P van den Berg
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F Heesen
- Department of Cardiology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Garcia-Pavia
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Perrot
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental & Clinical Research Centre, A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imke Christiaans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Salemink
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo L M Marcelis
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul G A Volders
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur van den Wijngaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6229 GR Maastricht, The Netherlands School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Nivala J, Hoos MB, Cross C, Wallace S, Parkin G. Treatment of landfill leachate using an aerated, horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland. Sci Total Environ 2007; 380:19-27. [PMID: 17241653 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2005] [Revised: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale subsurface-flow constructed wetland was installed at the Jones County Municipal Landfill, near Anamosa, Iowa, in August 1999 to demonstrate the use of constructed wetlands as a viable low-cost treatment option for leachate generated at small landfills. The system was equipped with a patented wetland aeration process to aid in removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen. The high iron content of the leachate caused the aeration system to cease 2 years into operation. Upon the installation of a pretreatment chamber for iron removal and a new aeration system, treatment efficiencies dramatically improved. Seasonal performance with and without aeration is reported for 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH(4)-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO(3)-N). Since winter air temperatures in Iowa can be very cold, a layer of mulch insulation was installed on top of the wetland bed to keep the system from freezing. When the insulation layer was properly maintained (either through sufficient litterfall or replenishing the mulch layer), the wetland sustained air temperatures of as low as -26 degrees C without freezing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nivala
- North American Wetland Engineering LLC, 4444 Centerville Road, Suite 140, White Bear Lake, Minnesota 55127 USA.
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Hoos MB, Westerterp KR, Kuipers H, Schuwirth L, Gerver WJM. Physical activity as measured by accelerometry in children receiving growth hormone. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93:1307-11. [PMID: 15499949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Parents of children treated with growth hormone (GH) frequently report to the paediatrician that their children have become more physically active. In the present study, activity patterns of GH-treated children were measured and compared to those of healthy controls. METHODS Subjects were 25 children at the start of GH treatment (age 8.4 +/- 2.6 y) and 19 age- and gender-matched controls (age 8.8 +/- 3.2 y). Physical activity was assessed with a tri-axial accelerometer for movement registration over two separate 2-wk intervals, one before the start of GH treatment and one 2 wk after the start of treatment. GH-treated subjects were categorized as poor responders (change in height over 1 y <0.7 SDS, n = 15) or good responders (change in height over 1 y >0.7 SDS, n = 10). RESULTS Before therapy, good responders showed a significantly lower physical activity compared to healthy controls, spending significantly less time on high-intensity activities. This difference disappeared 2 wk after the start of therapy. Physical activity in poor responders was not significantly different from controls before and after 2 wk of GH therapy. CONCLUSION Children who respond well to GH therapy (change in height >0.7 SDS) showed a reduced amount of physical activity before therapy, which was normalized after 2 wk of GH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hoos
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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9
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accelerometry was used to assess the relationship between the physical activity level (PAL) and time spent on activities of various intensities in children. DESIGN A total of 20 children aged 8.6+/-3.3 y wore a triaxial accelerometer (Tracmor2) for 2 weeks. PAL was calculated with Tracmor2 output data. The fraction of time spent on activities with a given level of intensity (low, moderate, high) was calculated. The fractions of time spent on activities of different intensities were compared with previously obtained data for young adults and elderly persons. RESULTS PAL showed an inverse relation with the percentage of time spent on low-intensity activities (r = -0.76; P < 0.0001) and a positive relation with the percentage of time spent on high-intensity activities (r = 0.93; P < 0.0001). The fraction of time spent on low-intensity activities was smaller in children than in young adults (P < 0.05) and elderly persons (P < 0.0001), while the fraction spent on high-intensity activities (P < 0.0001) was larger. CONCLUSIONS The present data are important for a better understanding of physical activity in children, which is necessary for education and prevention about physical (in)activity in childhood. Our observations suggest that to obtain a higher PAL in children, they should be given the opportunities to perform high-intensity activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hoos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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van Waardenburg DA, Deutz NEP, Hoos MB, Jansen NJG, van Kreel BK, Vos GD, Wagenmakers AJ, Forget PP. Assessment of whole body protein metabolism in critically ill children: can we use the [15N]glycine single oral dose method? Clin Nutr 2004; 23:153-60. [PMID: 15030954 DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(03)00131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2003] [Accepted: 06/27/2003] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Most stable-isotope methods to evaluate whole body protein metabolism in patients are invasive and difficult to use in children. In this study protein metabolism was evaluated with the non-invasive [15N]glycine single oral dose method in critically ill children and the value of the method is discussed. METHODS [15N]glycine (100mg) was given orally to children (mean age 5.5 years; range 0.6-15.5 years) with meningococcal septic shock (MSS, n = 8), pneumonia (n = 5), and to healthy, fed and post-absorptive children (n = 10). Urine was collected during 9h, total amount of NH(3), labelled NH(3) and nitrogen were measured, and protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown were calculated using urinary NH(3) as end-product. RESULTS Mean protein turnover in children with MSS, pneumonia and fed and post-absorptive healthy children was 0.63+/-0.13, 0.38+/-0.10, 0.28+/-0.03 and 0.28+/-0.02g N/kg/9h, respectively. Mean protein synthesis was 0.55+/-0.12, 0.29+/-0.09, 0.18+/-0.02, 0.20+/-0.02g N/kg/9h, respectively. Mean protein breakdown was 0.56+/-0.14, 0.28+/-0.12, 0.08+/-0.03, 0.28+/-0.02g N/kg/9h, respectively. Protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown were significantly increased in MSS patients compared to fed healthy children (P <0.01) and post-absorptive children (P <0.05). Protein turnover, protein synthesis, protein breakdown were significantly correlated with disease severity and body temperature (P <0.05). CONCLUSION Results of whole body protein metabolism measured with the [15N]glycine single oral dose method in children with MSS and in healthy children were in line with expectations based on results obtained in earlier reports and with different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick A van Waardenburg
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Maastricht, P Debeyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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van der Kuip M, Hoos MB, Forget PP, Westerterp KR, Gemke RJBJ, de Meer K. Energy expenditure in infants with congenital heart disease, including a meta-analysis. Acta Paediatr 2003; 92:921-7. [PMID: 12948067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess energy requirements and body composition in preoperative children with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS In 11 infants with CHD (2-8 mo), total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and total body water (TBW) were measured with doubly labelled water and compared with historic data from healthy controls. Within the patient group, energy expenditure of infants with versus those without congestive heart failure was compared. Subsequently, the data were pooled with literature data in meta-analyses. RESULTS CHD patients showed increased TBW (mean +/- SD 66 +/- 3 vs 58 +/- 5% of body weight, p < 0.05) and energy expenditure (381 +/- 42 vs 298 +/- 36 kJ kg(-1) d(-1), p < 0.001). Meta-analyses showed that CHD infants have 35% increased TDEE (376 vs 278 kJ kg(-1) d(-1) , p < 0.00001) and 7% higher TBW (p < 0.0001). Coexistent congestive heart failure (treated with diuretics) had no influence on TDEE (mean difference 14 kJ kg(-1) d(-1) , not significant). In patients with heart failure and growth retardation, an energy balance study showed an average 12% loss of initially ingested energy due to vomiting, increased TDEE and low faecal energy loss, resulting in low energy available for growth, compared with controls (42 +/- 30 vs 96 +/- 61 kJ kg(-1) d(-1) , p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Many infants with CHD require substantially higher energy intake (at least 100 kJ kg(-1) d(-1) extra) owing to increased TDEE, which is not explained by a higher percentage of body water. Coexistent heart failure does not appear to have an additional influence on TDEE. In infants with CHD and growth failure factors other than elevated TDEE, including vomiting, may explain the disturbed energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van der Kuip
- Department of Paediatrics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hoos MB, Plasqui G, Gerver WJM, Westerterp KR. Physical activity level measured by doubly labeled water and accelerometry in children. Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 89:624-6. [PMID: 14551780 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-003-0891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the use of a tri-axial accelerometer, Tracmor2, for the measurement of physical activity in children. Eleven children [age 6.9 (2.2) years, body mass 19.5 (5.3) kg and height 112.3 (14.4) cm] were studied. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water method over a 2-week period. In addition, basal metabolic rate (BMR) was determined by the ventilated hood system. Physical activity level (PAL) was defined as TDEE/BMR. Tracmor2 was worn during the same 2-week period throughout waking hours after which average counts per day were calculated. The average counts per day were shown to be highly correlated to PAL values measured by doubly labeled water: PAL = 1.156 x 10(-5) x Tracmor2 average counts day(-1) + 0.978 (r=0.79, P<0.01). In conclusion, Tracmor2 is a valid instrument to measure physical activity in children under free-living conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije B Hoos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether short-term changes in metabolism, as a result of GH therapy, could be used to predict its growth effect after 1 yr. Twenty-eight children (8.7 +/- 2.8 yr) were selected, based on anthropometric criteria characterizing GH-deficient patients. In addition, 21 healthy, age- and sex-matched controls (8.9 +/- 3.1 yr) were included. Total body water (TBW) and height were measured before and at 6 wk and 1 yr after the start of treatment. After 1 yr of treatment, patients were divided into good and poor responders, based on a change in height of at least 0.7 SD. Because individuals of different heights were compared, changes in TBW after 6 wk were corrected for height(2), in accordance with the body mass index. Eighty percent of the children who showed a good response to GH therapy had a change in TBW divided by height(2) exceeding the 2 SD reference line of the controls. In contrast, poor responders did not differ from controls. Maximum GH concentrations found during endocrine tests were not significantly different between good and poor responders. Changes in body composition data, after 6 wk, proved valuable in identifying good responders to GH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije B Hoos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maastricht, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Reference data for physical activity level (PAL) and activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) are needed for a better understanding of the effect of activity on childhood health, growth and development OBJECTIVE Data from 17 studies measuring TDEE (TDEE) with doubly labelled water DLW were combined to construct a reference line for PAL and AEE as a function of age. DESIGN A total of 17 studies from the literature were analyzed; 17 on girls and 16 on boys. Children were aged 3-16 y and of Caucasian origin. Weighted least-squares regression was used to obtain reference lines for PAL and AEE as a function of age and gender. The relative numbers of children per study were used as a weighting factor. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) or nonfasted (NF) resting metabolic rate and sex were included in the analysis. RESULTS Although there was no difference in PAL between boys and girls, a significant difference in AEE was found between the two sexes. PAL: 0.025 x age+1.40. AEE (MJ/day): boys 0.30 x age+0.025; girls 0.21 x age+0.33. If BMR is measured under NF conditions, the obtained value has to be reduced by 0.21 for PAL and 0.75 MJ/day for AEE. No relation was found between AEE/kg and age. CONCLUSIONS PAL and AEE were found to increase with age, showing the importance of age-dependent recommendations. Recommendations for AEE need to be differentiated for sex. To compare PAL and AEE between studies, the measurement conditions of BMR have to be taken into account. The increase in PAL and AEE values can be attributed to an increase in weight, because there was no relation between AEE/kg and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hoos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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