1
|
Rojas LM, Sanchez M, Westrick A, Vazquez V, Cano MA, De La Rosa MR. Socio-Cultural Subgroups of Latina/o Immigrants: A Latent Profile Analysis. Int J Intercult Relat 2021; 82:185-196. [PMID: 33967359 PMCID: PMC8098717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Socio-cultural factors, such as familismo, social support, machismo, and multigroup ethnic identity, are strongly associated with Latina/o immigrants' alcohol misuse and depressive symptoms. However, research has rarely explored whether unobserved groups of Latina/o immigrants with similar socio-cultural factors exist. Latent Profile analysis can illuminate which subgroups to target, or which socio-cultural factors need to be supported, to have an impact on the prevention and treatment of alcohol use and/or depression in the Latina/o immigrant population. Cross sectional data from on ongoing longitudinal investigation was utilized (N= 518 Latina/o adults living in Miami-Dade County, Florida and have immigrated to the US within one year prior to assessment). Latent Profile Analyses (LPA) were conducted utilizing validated measures of familismo, social support, neighborhood collective efficacy, ethnic identity, machismo, caballerismo, and marianismo. The LPA revealed three, significantly different profiles: (1) low socio-cultural protection (n=155, 29.98%), (2) high socio-cultural protection (n=21, 4.06%), and (3) high socio-, low-cultural protection (n=341, 65.96%). Profile membership was associated significantly with immigrant documentation status, education level, and past family history of substance use. Results indicate that Latina/o immigrants in the low socio-cultural protection group had significantly higher alcohol use compared to high socio-, low cultural protection group. No significant differences were found for depressive symptoms. We discuss implications of our findings and encourage researchers to continue to unpack the complexities associated with socio-cultural factors and Latina/o mental and behavioral health. Specifically, research should focus on socio-cultural factors can provide protection from negative health outcomes and increase resiliency among this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes M. Rojas
- 1575 San Ignacio Ave, Penthouse, Coral Gables, Florida, 33146, Center for Advanced Analytics, Baptist Health South Florida
| | - Mariana Sanchez
- 11200 SW 8 Street, AHC5-423, Miami, Florida, 33199, Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Ashly Westrick
- 11200 SW 8 Street, AHC5-423, Miami, Florida, 33199, Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Vicky Vazquez
- 11200 SW 8 Street, AHC5-423, Miami, Florida, 33199, Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Miguel A. Cano
- 11200 SW 8 Street, AHC5-423, Miami, Florida, 33199, Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Mario R. De La Rosa
- 11200 SW 8 Street, AHC5-423, Miami, Florida, 33199, Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Westrick AC, De La Rosa MR, Sanchez M, Colón-Burgos JF, Rojas P, Cano MA. Associations of Objective and Perceived Neighborhood Ethnic Density on Hazardous Alcohol Use among Latinx Emerging Adults. Subst Use Misuse 2021; 56:339-344. [PMID: 33459146 PMCID: PMC7891859 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1840588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background/Purpose: Emerging adulthood is an important time where substance use often peaks. Neighborhood Latinx ethnic density could be protective against negative health behaviors. Most studies on neighborhood ethnic density have focused on census-level aggregate measures, however perception of the neighborhood ethnic density could differ from objectively measured neighborhood density. This study investigated the effects of neighborhood ethnic density, both perceived ethnic and objectively measured ethnic density, on hazardous alcohol use among Latinx emerging adults in Maricopa County Arizona and Miami-Dade County Florida by gender. Methods: 200 Latinx emerging adults residing in Arizona and Florida completed a cross-sectional survey. Inclusion criteria were being age 18-25, self-identify as Latinx, and currently living in Maricopa County or Miami-Dade County. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and moderation analyses. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between perceived and objective ethnic density (Kappa = 0.353, p < 0.001). When ethnic density was measured objectively, alcohol use severity was statistically significantly lower for individuals living in highly ethnically dense neighborhoods (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.92). However, this association was only found for women in moderation analyses. There was no statistically significant association between perceived ethnic density and alcohol use severity. Conclusion: The present study found a statistically significant decrease in alcohol use severity among Latinx emerging adults who live in highly ethnically dense neighborhoods after adjusting for covariates. Future research should investigate the potential mechanisms in which these neighborhoods protect against alcohol use severity among Latinx emerging adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashly C Westrick
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mario R De La Rosa
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mariana Sanchez
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - José Félix Colón-Burgos
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Patria Rojas
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Miguel A Cano
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rojas P, Li T, Ravelo GJ, Dawson C, Sanchez M, Sneij A, Wang W, Kanamori M, Cyrus E, De La Rosa MR. Correlates of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Adult Latino Women: A 5-Year Follow-Up. World Med Health Policy 2017; 9:239-254. [PMID: 29034117 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latinas have the highest incidence rates of cervical cancer in the United States, and Latinas in the United States are less likely to utilize cervical cancer screening. METHOD We used secondary data analysis of a non-clinical convenience sample (n=316 women at baseline; n=285 at five-year follow-up) to examine correlates of cervical cancer screening among adult Latina women. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models using Generalized Estimated Equations (GEE) algorithm were utilized to assess the influence of the independent variables. RESULTS Women who reported their main healthcare source as community health clinics, women who were sexually active, and women who reported that a healthcare provider discussed HIV prevention with them were more likely to report having a cervical cancer screening (aOR=2.06; CI=1.20, 3.52). CONCLUSION The results suggest a need for continued efforts to ensure that medically underserved women (e.g., Latina women) receive counseling and education about the importance of preventive cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patria Rojas
- associate research professor at Florida International University
| | - Tan Li
- assistant professor in the Department of Biostatistics at Florida International University
| | | | | | - Mariana Sanchez
- post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse at Florida International University
| | - Alicia Sneij
- PhD student in the Robert Stempel School of Social Work and Public Health at Florida International University
| | - Weize Wang
- graduate student the Robert Stempel School of Social Work and Public Health at Florida International University
| | - Mariano Kanamori
- post-doctoral fellow the Robert Stempel School of Social Work and Public Health at Florida International University
| | - Elena Cyrus
- post-doctoral fellow in the Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse at Florida International University
| | - Mario R De La Rosa
- professor and director of the Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse at Florida International University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sanchez M, Rojas P, Li T, Ravelo G, Cyrus E, Wang W, Kanamori M, Peragallo NP, De La Rosa MR. Evaluating a Culturally Tailored HIV Risk Reduction Intervention Among Latina Immigrants in the Farmworker Community. World Med Health Policy 2016; 8:245-262. [PMID: 29034116 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Latina immigrants in the farmworker community are a vulnerable and understudied population at risk of acquiring HIV. Employing a CBPR framework, this pilot study was the first to evaluate the efficacy of SEPA, a CDC evidenced-based and culturally tailored HIV risk reduction intervention on a cohort of N = 110 predominantly undocumented Latina immigrants in a farmworker community. Findings revealed SEPA was effective in increasing HIV knowledge and decreasing HIV risk behaviors. However, no changes in self-efficacy were found in the present sample. We posit specific socio-cultural and structural barriers specific to the farmworker community not targeted in the original intervention may have hindered the program's capacity to influence changes in self-efficacy among this less acculturated population. Possible socio-cultural adaptations of the intervention to the target population and policy implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sanchez
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Patria Rojas
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Tan Li
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Gira Ravelo
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Elena Cyrus
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Weize Wang
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | - Mariano Kanamori
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| | | | - Mario R De La Rosa
- Florida International University, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rojas P, Dillon FR, Ravelo GJ, Malow R, Duan R, De La Rosa MR. Non-medical prescription sedative use among adult Latina mothers and daughters. J Psychoactive Drugs 2014; 45:329-39. [PMID: 24377172 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2013.825513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examines correlates of non-medical prescription sedative, tranquilizer, and hypnotics use (hereafter NPSU) among a non-clinical, community-based sample of adult Latina mother-daughter dyads. Participants were 316 Latina mothers and daughters enrolled in a study of intergenerational transmission of drug abuse and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors in South Florida. Interviewers administered a questionnaire containing study variables such as age, education, time in the U.S., Spanish language proficiency, health insurance status, wellness behaviors, perceived health condition, alcohol use, NPSU, and other drug use. Correlates of NPSU across mothers and daughters were determined using a dyadic model analysis. Daughters' health status, age, wellness, and illicit drug use were associated with mothers' NPSU. Mothers who reported being uninsured, having higher levels of education, and indicating poorer health statuses reported more NPSU. Daughters' wellness behaviors, age, illicit drug use, and insurance status were associated with their NPSU. Insured mothers and mothers who engaged in illicit drug use had daughters who reported more NPSU. The study's findings provide a modest understanding of family dynamics surrounding NPSU, and it suggests that as women age and their perceived health status worsens, their NPSU may increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patria Rojas
- Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Frank R Dillon
- Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Gira J Ravelo
- Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Robert Malow
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Rui Duan
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Mario R De La Rosa
- Center for Research on US Latinos HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niyonsenga T, Rojas P, Dillon F, Kim S, Ganapati EN, De La Rosa MR. Correlates of heavy drinking behaviors of Latino mothers and their adult daughters. J Psychoactive Drugs 2011; 42:457-66. [PMID: 21305910 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2010.10400708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study explored associations between adult Latina heavy drinking behaviors and potential psychosocial and demographic correlates. It used mother-daughter dyads and a cross-sectional design. Data were drawn from a community-based sample of 158 dyads of adult Latinas (n=316), age 18 years or older, recruited between 2004 and 2006. Bivariate and multivariate statistical methods, including logistic regression and pathway models, were used to analyze data. The study found that protective factors for heavy drinking behaviors for the mother included daughter's social support and mother's age, while for the daughter, they were mother's attachment and daughter's country of birth. Risk factors for daughter's heavy drinking behaviors were mother's social support and daughter's education. For both mother and daughter, chronic stress and drinking behavior associations were mediated by attachment and social support. Preventive interventions should target increasing levels of mother-daughter attachment and daughter's social support while decreasing stress levels for mothers and daughters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theophile Niyonsenga
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|