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Drouot L, Hantz S, Jouen F, Velay A, Lamia B, Veber B, Sibilia J, Lotellier M, Candon S, Alain S, Fafi-Kremer S, Boyer O. Evaluation of Humoral Immunity to SARS-CoV-2: Diagnostic Value of a New Multiplex Addressable Laser Bead Immunoassay. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:603931. [PMID: 33324387 PMCID: PMC7726470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.603931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to develop anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody (Ab) immunoassays, reliable serological methods are still needed. We developed a multiplex addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA) to detect and quantify anti-Spike S1 and nucleocapsid N Abs. Recombinant S1 and N proteins were bound to fluorescent beads (ALBIA-IgG-S1/N). Abs were revealed using class-specific anti-human Ig Abs. The performances of the test were analyzed on 575 serum samples including 192 from SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed patients, 13 from seasonal coronaviruses, 70 from different inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and 300 from healthy donors. Anti-S1 IgM were detected by monoplex ALBIA-IgM-S1. Comparison with chemiluminescent assays or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays was performed using commercial tests. Multiplex ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was effective in detecting and quantifying anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abs. Two weeks after first symptoms, sensitivity and specificity were 97.7 and 98.0% (anti-S1), and 100 and 98.7% (anti-N), respectively. Agreement with commercial tests was good to excellent, with a higher sensitivity of ALBIA. ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was positive in 53% of patients up to day 7, and in 75% between days 7 and 13. For ALBIA-IgM-S1, sensitivity and specificity were 74.4 and 98.7%, respectively. Patients in intensive care units had higher IgG Ab levels (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.05). ALBIA provides a robust method for exploring humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Serology should be performed after 2 weeks following first symptoms, when all COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) patients had at least one anti-S1 or anti-N IgG Ab, illustrating the interest of a multiplex test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Drouot
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Rouen, France
| | - Sébastien Hantz
- Limoges University Hospital, National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Limoges, France
| | - Fabienne Jouen
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Rouen, France.,Rouen University Hospital, Department of Immunology, Rouen, France
| | - Aurélie Velay
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Institute of Virology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bouchra Lamia
- Pulmonology Department, Le Havre Hospital, Montivilliers, France
| | - Benoit Veber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Jean Sibilia
- Department of Rheumatology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Sophie Candon
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Rouen, France.,Rouen University Hospital, Department of Immunology, Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Alain
- Limoges University Hospital, National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Limoges, France
| | - Samira Fafi-Kremer
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Institute of Virology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Boyer
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Rouen, France.,Rouen University Hospital, Department of Immunology, Rouen, France
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