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Watle SV, Børud B, Laake I, Baranowska-Hustad M, Bryant-Bratlie D, Bekkevold T, Caugant DA, Tunheim G, Næss LM. Antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W and Y in serum and saliva of Norwegian adolescents. Vaccine 2023; 41:6529-6537. [PMID: 37648606 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) among Norwegian 16-19-year-olds was 1-7/100,000 in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic, with serogroup Y (MenY) dominance. In contrast to many other European countries, meningococcal vaccines are not part of the national immunisation program (NIP) in Norway. This cross-sectional study aimed to measure the degree of natural immunity against Neisseria meningitidis among adolescents in Norway to evaluate the need for introducing tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) in the NIP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum and saliva samples were collected from students in upper and lower secondary schools in Norway in 2018. Samples were analysed for meningococcal capsular polysaccharide (PS)-specific antibodies using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay. PS-specific antibody levels were linked to data on meningococcal carriage, vaccination status and risk factors for carriage (assessed with questionnaire) and analysed by linear regression of log transformed concentrations. A subset of samples from unvaccinated individuals was analysed for serum bactericidal antibodies (SBA). RESULTS A total of 1344 participants, median age 16 years (range 12-24), were included in the study. Overall, 60.9% of the participants were female and 1137 (84.6%) were not vaccinated with MCV4. PS-specific antibody concentrations in serum and saliva were low among unvaccinated individuals for all serogroups and only 6.7-20.0% of the subpopulation with high PS-specific antibodies assessed with SBA had protective levels. Unvaccinated MenY carriers had higher levels of MenY anti-PS IgG in serum and IgA in saliva than those not carrying MenY. Use of Swedish snus was associated with lower anti-PS IgG levels in serum and waterpipe use with lower anti-PS IgG levels in saliva. CONCLUSION Unvaccinated adolescents in Norway have a low degree of natural immunity against the serogroups of N. meningitidis predominating among cases of IMD in this age group. Therefore, introduction of MCV4 for adolescents in the NIP is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Viksmoen Watle
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bente Børud
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Laake
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marta Baranowska-Hustad
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Diane Bryant-Bratlie
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Terese Bekkevold
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dominique A Caugant
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1078, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Tunheim
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisbeth Meyer Næss
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
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Grødeland G, Baranowska-Hustad M, Abadejos J, Blane TR, Teijaro J, Nemazee D, Bogen B. Induction of Cross-Reactive and Protective Antibody Responses After DNA Vaccination With MHCII-Targeted Stem Domain From Influenza Hemagglutinin. Front Immunol 2020; 11:431. [PMID: 32269566 PMCID: PMC7112135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel and more broadly protective vaccines against influenza are needed to efficiently meet antigenic drift and shift. Relevant to this end, the stem domain of hemagglutinin (HA) is highly conserved, and antibodies specific for epitopes located to the stem have been demonstrated to be able to confer broad protection against various influenza subtypes. However, a remaining challenge is to induce antibodies against the poorly immunogenic stem by vaccination strategies that can be scaled up for prophylactic vaccination of the general population. Here, we have developed DNA vaccines where the conserved stem domain of HA from influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) was targeted toward MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC) for increased immunogenicity. Each of these vaccines induced antibodies that cross-reacted with other subtypes in the corresponding phylogenetic influenza groups. Importantly, when mixing the MHCII-targeted stem domains from H1N1 and H7N9 influenza viruses into one vaccine bolus, we observed broad protection against candidate stains from both phylogenetic groups 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnveig Grødeland
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marta Baranowska-Hustad
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Justin Abadejos
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tanya R Blane
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - John Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David Nemazee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Bjarne Bogen
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Anderson AM, Baranowska-Hustad M, Braathen R, Grodeland G, Bogen B. Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hemagglutinins to APCs for Induction of Broad Immunity against Influenza. J Immunol 2018; 200:2057-2066. [PMID: 29427414 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for vaccines that can confer broad immunity against highly diverse pathogens, such as influenza. The efficacy of conventional influenza vaccines is dependent on accurate matching of vaccines to circulating strains, but slow and limited production capacities increase the probability of vaccine mismatches. In contrast, DNA vaccination allows for rapid production of vaccines encoding novel influenza Ags. The efficacy of DNA vaccination is greatly improved if the DNA-encoded vaccine proteins target APCs. In this study, we have used hemagglutinin (HA) genes from each of six group 1 influenza viruses (H5, H6, H8, H9, H11, and H13), and inserted these into a DNA vaccine format that induces delivery of the HA protein Ags to MHC class II molecules on APCs. Each of the targeted DNA vaccines induced high titers of strain-specific anti-HA Abs. Importantly, when the six HA vaccines were mixed and injected simultaneously, the strain-specific Ab titers were maintained. In addition, the vaccine mixture induced Abs that cross-reacted with strains not included in the vaccine mixture (H1) and could protect mice against a heterosubtypic challenge with the H1 viruses A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) and A/California/07/2009 (H1N1). The data suggest that vaccination with a mixture of HAs could be useful for induction of strain-specific immunity against strains represented in the mixture and, in addition, confer some degree of cross-protection against unrelated influenza strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Marie Anderson
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Marta Baranowska-Hustad
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Ranveig Braathen
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Gunnveig Grodeland
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway; .,Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Bjarne Bogen
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway; and.,Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway
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