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Pavlenko A, Lasota S, Wnuk D, Paw M, Czyż J, Michalik M, Madeja Z. Bronchial Fibroblasts from Asthmatic Patients Display Impaired Responsiveness to Direct Current Electric Fields (dcEFs). Biomedicines 2023; 11:2138. [PMID: 37626635 PMCID: PMC10452584 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that an important role is played by electric signals in modifying cell behaviour during developmental, regenerative and pathological processes. However, their role in asthma has not yet been addressed. Bronchial fibroblasts have recently been identified having important roles in asthma development. Therefore, we adapted an experimental approach based on the lineages of human bronchial fibroblasts (HBF) derived from non-asthmatic (NA) donors and asthmatic (AS) patients to elucidate whether their reactivity to direct current electric fields (dcEF) could participate in the asthmatic process. The efficient responsiveness of NA HBF to an electric field in the range of 2-4 V/cm was illustrated based on the perpendicular orientation of long axes of the cells to the field lines and their directional movement towards the anode. These responses were related to the activity of TGF-β signalling, as the electrotaxis and re-orientation of NA HBF polarity was impaired by the inhibitors of canonical and non-canonical TGF-β-dependent pathways. A similar tendency towards perpendicular cell-dcEF orientation was observed for AS HBF. However, their motility remained insensitive to the electric field applied at 2-4 V/cm. Collectively, these observations demonstrate the sensitivity of NA HBF to dcEF, as well as the inter-relations between this parameter and the canonical and non-canonical TGF-β pathways, and the differences between the electrotactic responses of NA and AS HBF point to the possible role of their dcEFs in desensitisation in the asthmatic process. This process may impair the physiologic behaviour of AS HBF functions, including cell motility, ECM deposition, and contractility, thus promoting bronchial wall remodelling, which is a characteristic of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sławomir Lasota
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Z.M.); Tel.: +48-126-646-143 (S.L.); +48-126-646-142 (Z.M.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (A.P.); (D.W.); (M.P.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
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Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Grabowska K, Karnas E, Piska K, Wnuk D, Klaś K, Galanty A, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Michalik M, Pękala E, Fuchs H, Podolak I. Saponin Fraction CIL1 from Lysimachia ciliata L. Enhances the Effect of a Targeted Toxin on Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051350. [PMID: 37242592 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Saponins are plant metabolites that possess multidirectional biological activities, among these is antitumor potential. The mechanisms of anticancer activity of saponins are very complex and depend on various factors, including the chemical structure of saponins and the type of cell they target. The ability of saponins to enhance the efficacy of various chemotherapeutics has opened new perspectives for using them in combined anticancer chemotherapy. Co-administration of saponins with targeted toxins makes it possible to reduce the dose of the toxin and thus limit the side effects of overall therapy by mediating endosomal escape. Our study indicates that the saponin fraction CIL1 of Lysimachia ciliata L. can improve the efficacy of the EGFR-targeted toxin dianthin (DE). We investigated the effect of cotreatment with CIL1 + DE on cell viability in a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, on proliferation in a crystal violet assay (CV) and on pro-apoptotic activity using Annexin V/7 Actinomycin D (7-AAD) staining and luminescence detection of caspase levels. Cotreatment with CIL1 + DE enhanced the target cell-specific cytotoxicity, as well as the antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties. We found a 2200-fold increase in both the cytotoxic and antiproliferative efficacy of CIL1 + DE against HER14-targeted cells, while the effect on control NIH3T3 off-target cells was less profound (6.9- or 5.4-fold, respectively). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the CIL1 saponin fraction has a satisfactory in vitro safety profile with a lack of cytotoxic and mutagenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karolina Grabowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Klaś
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hendrik Fuchs
- Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Paw M, Wnuk D, Madeja Z, Michalik M. PPARδ Agonist GW501516 Suppresses the TGF-β-Induced Profibrotic Response of Human Bronchial Fibroblasts from Asthmatic Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097721. [PMID: 37175437 PMCID: PMC10178673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway wall remodeling observed in asthma is associated with subepithelial fibrosis and enhanced activation of human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) in the fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT), induced mainly by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The relationships between asthma severity, obesity, and hyperlipidemia suggest the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the remodeling of asthmatic bronchi. In this study, we investigated the effect of PPARδ ligands (GW501516 as an agonist, and GSK0660 as an antagonist) on the FMT potential of HBFs derived from asthmatic patients cultured in vitro. This report shows, for the first time, the inhibitory effect of a PPARδ agonist on the number of myofibroblasts and the expression of myofibroblast-related markers-α-smooth muscle actin, collagen 1, tenascin C, and connexin 43-in asthma-related TGF-β-treated HBF populations. We suggest that actin cytoskeleton reorganization and Smad2 transcriptional activity altered by GW501516 lead to the attenuation of the FMT in HBF populations derived from asthmatics. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that a PPARδ agonist stimulates antifibrotic effects in an in vitro model of bronchial subepithelial fibrosis. This suggests its potential role in the development of a possible novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of subepithelial fibrosis during asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Zatorska-Płachta M, Łazarski G, Maziarz U, Foryś A, Trzebicka B, Wnuk D, Chołuj K, Karewicz A, Michalik M, Jamróz D, Kepczynski M. Encapsulation of Curcumin in Polystyrene-Based Nanoparticles-Drug Loading Capacity and Cytotoxicity. ACS Omega 2021; 6:12168-12178. [PMID: 34056370 PMCID: PMC8154162 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles made of amphiphilic block copolymers are commonly used in the preparation of nano-sized drug delivery systems. Poly(styrene)-block -poly(acrylic acid) (PS-PAA) copolymers have been proposed for drug delivery purposes; however, the drug loading capacity and cytotoxicity of PS-PAA nanoparticles are still not fully recognized. Herein, we investigated the accumulation of a model hydrophobic drug, curcumin, and its spatial distribution inside the PS-PAA nanoparticles. Experimental methods and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were used to understand the molecular structure of the PS core and how curcumin molecules interact and organize within the PS matrix. The hydrophobic core of the PS-PAA nanoparticles consists of adhering individually coiled polymeric chains and is compact enough to prevent post-incorporation of curcumin. However, the drug has a good affinity for the PS matrix and can be efficiently enclosed in the PS-PAA nanoparticles at the formation stage. At low concentrations, curcumin is evenly distributed in the PS core, while its aggregates were observed above ca. 2 wt %. The nanoparticles were found to have relatively low cytotoxicity to human skin fibroblasts, and the presence of curcumin further increased their biocompatibility. Our work provides a detailed description of the interactions between a hydrophobic drug and PS-PAA nanoparticles and information on the biocompatibility of these anionic nanostructures which may be relevant to the development of amphiphilic copolymer-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grzegorz Łazarski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Urszula Maziarz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Aleksander Foryś
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish
Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish
Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department
of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Karolina Chołuj
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Anna Karewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department
of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- . Phone: +48 12 6862529
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- . Phone: +48 12 6862532
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Paw M, Wnuk D, Jakieła B, Bochenek G, Sładek K, Madeja Z, Michalik M. Responsiveness of human bronchial fibroblasts and epithelial cells from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors to the transforming growth factor-β 1 in epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit model. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:19. [PMID: 33711932 PMCID: PMC7953709 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-021-00356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The asthma-related airway wall remodeling is associated i.a. with a damage of bronchial epithelium and subepithelial fibrosis. Functional interactions between human bronchial epithelial cells and human bronchial fibroblasts are known as the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) and are necessary for a proper functioning of lung tissue. However, a high concentration of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the asthmatic bronchi drives the structural disintegrity of epithelium with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the bronchial epithelial cells, and of subepithelial fibrosis with the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) of the bronchial fibroblasts. Since previous reports indicate different intrinsic properties of the human bronchial epithelial cells and human bronchial fibroblasts which affect their EMT/FMT potential beetween cells derived from asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients, cultured separatelly in vitro, we were interested to see whether corresponding effects could be obtained in a co-culture of the bronchial epithelial cells and bronchial fibroblasts. In this study, we investigate the effects of the TGF-β1 on the EMT markers of the bronchial epithelial cells cultured in the air-liquid-interface and effectiveness of FMT in the bronchial fibroblast populations in the EMTU models. RESULTS Our results show that the asthmatic co-cultures are more sensitive to the TGF-β1 than the non-asthmatic ones, which is associated with a higher potential of the asthmatic bronchial cells for a profibrotic response, analogously to be observed in '2D' cultures. They also indicate a noticeable impact of human bronchial epithelial cells on the TGF-β1-induced FMT, stronger in the asthmatic bronchial fibroblast populations in comparison to the non-asthmatic ones. Moreover, our results suggest the protective effects of fibroblasts on the structure of the TGF-β1-exposed mucociliary differentiated bronchial epithelial cells and their EMT potential. CONCLUSIONS Our data are the first to demonstrate a protective effect of the human bronchial fibroblasts on the properties of the human bronchial epithelial cells, which suggests that intrinsic properties of not only epithelium but also subepithelial fibroblasts affect a proper condition and function of the EMTU in both normal and asthmatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bogdan Jakieła
- Division of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grażyna Bochenek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sładek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378, Kraków, Poland.
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Wnuk D, Lasota S, Paw M, Madeja Z, Michalik M. Asthma-derived fibroblast to myofibroblast transition is enhanced in comparison to fibroblasts derived from non-asthmatic patients in 3D in vitro culture due to Smad2/3 signalling. Acta Biochim Pol 2020; 67:441-448. [PMID: 33245228 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The basic hallmarks of bronchial asthma, one of the most common chronic diseases occurring in the world, are chronic inflammation, remodelling of the bronchial wall and its hyperresponsiveness to environmental stimuli. It was found out that the fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT), a key phenomenon in subepithelial fibrosis of the bronchial wall, was crucial for the development of asthma. Our previous studies showed that HBFs derived from asthmatic patients cultured in vitro display some inherent features which facilitate their TGF-b-induced FMT. Although usefulness of standard '2D' cultures is invaluable, they have many limitations. As HBFs interact with extracellular matrix proteins in the connective tissue, which can affect the FMT potential, we have decided to expand our '2D' model to in vitro cell cultures in 3D using collagen gels. Our results showed that 1.5 mg/ml concentration of collagen is suitable for HBFs growth, motility, and phenotypic shifts. Moreover, we demonstrated that in the TGF-β1-activated HBF populations derived from asthmatics, the expression of fibrosis-related genes (ACTA2, TAGLN, SERPINE1, COL1A1, FN1 and CCN2) was significantly increased in comparison to the non-asthmatic ones. We also confirmed that it is related to the TGF-β/Smad2/3 profibrotic pathway intensification. In summary, the results of our study undoubtedly demonstrate that HBFs from asthmatics have unique intrinsic features which predispose them, regardless the culture conditions, to the increased FMT under the influence of TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sławomir Lasota
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Piska K, Gunia-Krzyżak A, Bucki A, Jamrozik M, Lorenc E, Ryszawy D, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Michalik M, Marona H, Kołaczkowski M, Pękala E. Cinnamic acid derivatives as chemosensitising agents against DOX-treated lung cancer cells - Involvement of carbonyl reductase 1. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 154:105511. [PMID: 32801001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) therapy is limited by both cancer cells resistance and cardiotoxicity. DOX biotransformation to doxorubicinol (DOXol) by reductases enzymes (mainly by CBR1; carbonyl reductase 1) is a key process responsible for DOX adverse effects development. Thus, inhibition of CBR1 can increase the therapeutic effect of DOX. In the present study, we used a group of new synthetized cinnamic acid (CA) derivatives to improve the effectiveness and safety profile of DOX therapy against cancer cells in vitro. The possible mechanism of CBR1 inhibition was simulated by molecular modelling studies. The kinetics of DOX reduction in the presence of active CA derivatives were measured in cytosols. The chemosensitising activity of CA derivatives including proapoptotic, anti-invasiveness activity were investigated in A549 lung cancer cell line. In our research 7 from 16 tested CA derivatives binded to the active site of CBR1 enzyme and improved DOX stability by inhibition of DOXol formation. Co-treatment of A549 cells with active CA derivatives and DOX induced cells apoptosis by activation of caspase cascade. At the same time we observed decrease of invasive properties (cell migration and transmigration assays) and the rearangments of F-actin cytoskeleton in CA derivatves + DOX treated cells. Meanwhile, control, human lung fibroblasts stay realtivelly unvulnerable and viable. New synthetized CA derivatives may inhibit the activity of CBR1 leading to the stabilization of DOX therapeutic levels in cancer cells and to protect the myocardium against DOXol cytotoxic effect. Favourable physicochemical properties supported by a safety profile and multidirectional chemosensitising activity render CA derivatives a promising group for the development of agent useful in combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gunia-Krzyżak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Lorenc
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnoloy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Damian Ryszawy
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnoloy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnoloy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Borcuch A, Rutkowska M, Marzec A, Kowalczyk A, Michalik M, Moreno J, Díaz U, Chmielarz L. Selective ammonia oxidation over ZSM-5 zeolite: Impact of catalyst’s support porosity and type of deposited iron species. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Michalik M, Gerwel A. Corrective procedures of the tongue base using shaver and plasma-PK Techniques in the treatment of snoring and sleep apnea – Own experience. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Smit A, Michalik M, Hoffmeister JA, McIntyre D, Mistlberger R, McDonald J. Caffeine fix?: neurophysiological measures of visual attention on the world's most popular drug. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Koczurkiewicz P, Klaś K, Grabowska K, Piska K, Rogowska K, Wójcik‐Pszczoła K, Podolak I, Galanty A, Michalik M, Pękala E. Saponins as chemosensitizing substances that improve effectiveness and selectivity of anticancer drug—Minireview of in vitro studies. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2141-2151. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Katarzyna Klaś
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Karolina Grabowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rogowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik‐Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and BiotechnologyJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical CollegeJagiellonian University Kraków Poland
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Jasińska-Konior K, Wiecheć O, Sarna M, Panek A, Swakoń J, Michalik M, Urbańska K, Elas M. Increased elasticity of melanoma cells after low-LET proton beam due to actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7008. [PMID: 31065009 PMCID: PMC6504917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular response to non-lethal radiation stress include perturbations in DNA repair, angiogenesis, migration, and adhesion, among others. Low-LET proton beam radiation has been shown to induce somewhat different biological response than photon radiation. For example, we have shown that non-lethal doses of proton beam radiation inhibited migration of cells and that this effect persisted long-term. Here, we have examined cellular elasticity and actin cytoskeleton organization in BLM cutaneous melanoma and Mel270 uveal melanoma cells. Proton beam radiation increased cellular elasticity to a greater extent than X-rays and both types of radiation induced changes in actin cytoskeleton organization. Vimentin level increased in BLM cells after both types of radiation. Our data show that cell elasticity increased substantially after low-LET proton beam and persisted long after radiation. This may have significant consequences for the migratory properties of melanoma cells, as well as for the cell susceptibility to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jasińska-Konior
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Wiecheć
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Swakoń
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krystyna Urbańska
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martyna Elas
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland.
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Piska K, Koczurkiewicz P, Wnuk D, Karnas E, Bucki A, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Jamrozik M, Michalik M, Kołaczkowski M, Pękala E. Synergistic anticancer activity of doxorubicin and piperlongumine on DU-145 prostate cancer cells - The involvement of carbonyl reductase 1 inhibition. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 300:40-48. [PMID: 30611789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the causes of therapeutic failure of chemotherapy is cancer cell resistance. In the case of anthracyclines, many resistance mechanisms have been described. One of them assumes the role of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), a cytosolic enzyme that is responsible for the biotransformation process of anthracyclines to less active, undesirable metabolites. Therefore, CBR1 inhibitors are considered for use as a chemosensitizing agents. In the present study, piperlongumine (PL), a Piper longum L. alkaloid that has previously been described as a CBR1 inhibitor, was investigated for its chemosensitizing properties in co-treatment with doxorubicin (DOX). The biotransformation process of DOX in the presence of PL was tracked using human cytosol fraction and LC-MS, then a molecular modeling study was conducted to predict the interaction of PL with the active site of the CBR1. The biological interaction between DOX and PL was investigated using DU-145 prostate cancer cells. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties of DOX and PL were examined, and the type and potency of interaction was quantified by Combination Index. The mechanism of the cell death induced by the agents was investigated by flow cytometry and the anti-invasive properties of the drugs were determined by monitoring the movement of individual cells. PL showed dose-dependent inhibition of DOX metabolism in cytosol, which resulted in less doxorubicinol (DOXol) metabolite being formed. The possible mechanism of CBR1 inhibition was explained through molecular modeling studies by prediction of PL's binding mode in the active site of the enzyme's crystal structure-based model. DOX and PL showed a synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect on cancer cells. Significant anti-invasive properties of the combination of DOX and PL were found, but when the drugs were used separately they did not alter the cancer cells' motility. Cell motility inhibition was accompanied by significant changes in cytoskeleton architecture. DOX and PL used in co-treatment showed significant synergistic anticancer properties. Inhibition of DOX metabolism by PL was found to be a mechanism that was likely to be responsible for the observed interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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14
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Ryszawy D, Rolski F, Ryczek K, Catapano J, Wróbel T, Michalik M, Czyż J. Invasive bronchial fibroblasts derived from asthmatic patients activate lung cancer A549 cells in vitro. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6582-6588. [PMID: 30405798 PMCID: PMC6202494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data suggests that there are functional links between bronchial asthma and lung carcinogenesis. Bronchial fibroblasts serve a prominent role in the asthmatic process; however, their involvement in lung cancer progression remains unaddressed. To estimate the effect of the asthmatic microenvironment on the invasiveness of lung cancer cells, the present study compared the behavior of human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells exposed to the signals from human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) derived from non-asthmatic donors (NA HBFs) and from asthmatic patients (AS HBFs). NA HBFs did not significantly affect A549 motility, whereas AS HBFs and the media conditioned with AS HBF/A549 co-cultures increased Snail-1/connexin43 expression and motility of A549 cells. In contrast to NA HBFs, which formed A549-impenetrable lateral barriers, α-SMA+ AS HBFs actively infiltrated A549 monolayers and secreted chemotactic factors that arrested A549 cells within AS HBF/A549 contact zone. However, small sub-populations of A549 cells could release from this arrest and colonize distant regions of AS HBF monolayers. These data indicated that the interactions between lung cancer cells and HBFs in asthmatic bronchi may facilitate the colonization of lung tumors by fibroblasts. It further stabilizes the tumor microenvironment and potentially facilitates collective colonization of novel bronchial loci by cancer cells. Potential mechanistic links between the asthmatic process and lung cancer progression suggest that bronchial asthma should be included in the list of potential prognostic markers for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Ryszawy
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Filip Rolski
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Ryczek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jessica Catapano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wróbel
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Michalik M, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Paw M, Wnuk D, Koczurkiewicz P, Sanak M, Pękala E, Madeja Z. Correction to: Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in bronchial asthma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 76:209. [PMID: 30155648 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the original publication, funding information was inadvertently omitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Division of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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Paw M, Wnuk D, Kądziołka D, Sęk A, Lasota S, Czyż J, Madeja Z, Michalik M. Fenofibrate Reduces the Asthma-Related Fibroblast-To-Myofibroblast Transition by TGF-Β/Smad2/3 Signaling Attenuation and Connexin 43-Dependent Phenotype Destabilization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092571. [PMID: 30158495 PMCID: PMC6163263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of human bronchial fibroblasts by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) leads to the formation of highly contractile myofibroblasts in the process of the fibroblast–myofibroblast transition (FMT). This process is crucial for subepithelial fibrosis and bronchial wall remodeling in asthma. However, this process evades current therapeutic asthma treatment strategies. Since our previous studies showed the attenuation of the TGF-β1-induced FMT in response to lipid-lowering agents (e.g., statins), we were interested to see whether a corresponding effect could be obtained upon administration of hypolipidemic agents. In this study, we investigated the effect of fenofibrate on FMT efficiency in populations of bronchial fibroblasts derived from asthmatic patients. Fenofibrate exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the FMT, even though it did not efficiently affect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; marker of myofibroblasts); however, it considerably reduced its incorporation into stress fibers through connexin 43 regulation. This effect was accompanied by disturbances in the actin cytoskeleton architecture, impairments in the maturation of focal adhesions, and the fenofibrate-induced deactivation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling. These data suggest that fenofibrate interferes with myofibroblastic differentiation during asthma-related subepithelial fibrosis. The data indicate the potential application of fenofibrate in the therapy and prevention of bronchial remodeling during the asthmatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Paw
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dominika Kądziołka
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Lasota
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marta Michalik
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-378 Kraków, Poland.
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Abstract
In addition to known constituents of Telekia speciosa, an acetone extract from ray florets of the plant yielded: 5,5'-dibutoxy-2,2'-bifuran (1), 5,5'-diisobutoxy-2,2'-bifuran (2), α-tocopherol (3), β-tocopherol (4), loliolide palmitate (5), a mixture of calenduladiol esters - 16β-hydroxylupeol-3-O-palmitate (7) and 16β-hydroxylupeol-3-O-myristate (8), 1-epiinuviscolide (12), inuviscolide (13), 3-epiisotelekin (16), 4α-hydroxy-9β,10β-epoxy-1β(H)-11(13)-guaien-8α,12-olide (17), 4α-hydroxy-1β(H)-9(10),11(13)-guaiadien-8α,12-olide (18), loliolide (19) and 4β,10β-dihydroxy-1α(H),5α(H)-11(13)-guaien-8α,12-olide (20). Calenduladiol esters and asperilin (14) were the major constituents of the extract. Their cytotoxic effect on human normal prostate epithelial cells (PNT-2), human prostate carcinoma cell lines, human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and human melanoma cell lines was examined in vitro. Triterpene esters showed no cytotoxicity against nearly all cell lines tested, except for Du145 prostate carcinoma cells (IC50 - 62.0 μΜ). Asperilin displayed activity against the cell lines under study, especially against three tested lines of melanomas (A375, IC50 - 17.6 μΜ, WM793, IC50 - 28.2 μΜ and Hs 294T, IC50 - 29.5 μΜ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stojakowska
- a Department of Phytochemistry , Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
| | - Janusz Malarz
- a Department of Phytochemistry , Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- c Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology , Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
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18
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Broda M, Michalik M. Laryngological diagnostic investigation of upper airway in snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Jasińska-Konior K, Pochylczuk K, Czajka E, Michalik M, Romanowska-Dixon B, Swakoń J, Urbańska K, Elas M. Proton beam irradiation inhibits the migration of melanoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186002. [PMID: 29016654 PMCID: PMC5634624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In recent years experimental data have indicated that low-energy proton beam radiation might induce a difference in cellular migration in comparison to photons. We therefore set out to compare the effect of proton beam irradiation and X-rays on the survival and long-term migratory properties of two cell lines: uveal melanoma Mel270 and skin melanoma BLM. Materials and methods Cells treated with either proton beam or X-rays were analyzed for their survival using clonogenic assay and MTT test. Long-term migratory properties were assessed with time-lapse monitoring of individual cell movements, wound test and transpore migration, while the expression of the related proteins was measured with western blot. Results Exposure to proton beam and X-rays led to similar survival but the quality of the cell colonies was markedly different. More paraclones with a low proliferative activity and fewer highly-proliferative holoclones were found after proton beam irradiation in comparison to X-rays. At 20 or 40 days post-irradiation, migratory capacity was decreased more by proton beam than by X-rays. The beta-1-integrin level was decreased in Mel270 cells after both types of radiation, while vimentin, a marker of EMT, was increased in BLM cells only. Conclusions We conclude that proton beam irradiation induced long-term inhibition of cellular motility, as well as changes in the level of beta-1 integrin and vimentin. If confirmed, the change in the quality, but not in the number of colonies after proton beam irradiation might favor tumor growth inhibition after fractionated proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Pochylczuk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czajka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Bożena Romanowska-Dixon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Ophthalmic Oncology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jan Swakoń
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, Cracow, Poland
| | - Krystyna Urbańska
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Martyna Elas
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Cracow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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20
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Kwolek U, Nakai K, Pluta A, Zatorska M, Wnuk D, Lasota S, Bednar J, Michalik M, Yusa SI, Kepczynski M. Polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) from strong copolyelectrolytes. Stability and in vitro studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:658-666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Paw M, Borek I, Wnuk D, Ryszawy D, Piwowarczyk K, Kmiotek K, Wójcik-Pszczoła KA, Pierzchalska M, Madeja Z, Sanak M, Błyszczuk P, Michalik M, Czyż J. Connexin43 Controls the Myofibroblastic Differentiation of Bronchial Fibroblasts from Patients with Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:100-110. [PMID: 28245135 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0255oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic accumulation of myofibroblasts in asthmatic bronchi is regulated by extrinsic stimuli and by the intrinsic susceptibility of bronchial fibroblasts to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The specific function of gap junctions and connexins in this process has remained unknown. Here, we investigated the role of connexin43 (Cx43) in TGF-β-induced myofibroblastic differentiation of fibroblasts derived from bronchoscopic biopsy specimens of patients with asthma and donors without asthma. Asthmatic fibroblasts expressed considerably higher levels of Cx43 and were more susceptible to TGF-β1-induced myofibroblastic differentiation than were their nonasthmatic counterparts. TGF-β1 efficiently up-regulated Cx43 levels and activated the canonical Smad pathway in asthmatic cells. Ectopic Cx43 expression in nonasthmatic (Cx43low) fibroblasts increased their predilection to TGF-β1-induced Smad2 activation and fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. Transient Cx43 silencing in asthmatic (Cx43high) fibroblasts by Cx43 small interfering RNA attenuated the TGF-β1-triggered Smad2 activation and myofibroblast formation. Direct interactions of Smad2 and Cx43 with β-tubulin were demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation assay, whereas the sensitivity of these interactions to TGF-β1 signaling was confirmed by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer analyses. Furthermore, inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway attenuated TGF-β1-triggered Cx43 up-regulation and myofibroblast differentiation of asthmatic fibroblasts. Chemical inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication with 18 α-glycyrrhetinic acid did not affect the initiation of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition in asthmatic fibroblasts but interfered with the maintenance of their myofibroblastic phenotype. Collectively, our data identified Cx43 as a new player in the feedback mechanism regulating TGF-β1/Smad-dependent differentiation of bronchial fibroblasts. Thus, our observations point to Cx43 as a novel profibrotic factor in asthma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Paw
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabela Borek
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Damian Ryszawy
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piwowarczyk
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kmiotek
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna A Wójcik-Pszczoła
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,2 Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical School, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Madeja
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- 2 Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical School, Kraków, Poland
| | - Przemysław Błyszczuk
- 3 Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Poland.,5 Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Makowska-Wąs J, Galanty A, Gdula-Argasińska J, Tyszka-Czochara M, Szewczyk A, Nunes R, Carvalho IS, Michalik M, Paśko P. Identification of Predominant Phytochemical Compounds and Cytotoxic Activity of Wild Olive Leaves (Olea europaea L. ssp. sylvestris) Harvested in South Portugal. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27981754 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study has been aimed at providing a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of selected phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, oleuropein, fatty acids profile, and volatile oil compounds, present in wild olive leaves harvested in Portugal, as well as at determining their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential against human melanoma HTB-140 and WM793, prostate cancer DU-145 and PC-3, hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 cell lines, as well as normal human skin fibroblasts BJ and prostate epithelial cells PNT2. Gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic acids, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, and rutin were identified in olive leaves. The amount of oleuropein was equal to 22.64 g/kg dry weight. (E)-Anethole (32.35%), fenchone (11.89%), and (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol (8%) were found to be the main constituents of the oil volatile fraction, whereas palmitic, oleic, and alpha-linolenic acid were determined to be dominating fatty acids. Olive leaves methanol extract was observed to exerted a significant, selective cytotoxic effect on DU-145 and PC-3 cell lines. Except the essential oil composition, evaluated wild olive leaves, with regard to their quantitative and qualitative composition, do not substantially differ from the leaves of other cultivars grown for industrial purposes and they reveal considerable antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. Thus, the wild species may prove to be suitable for use in traditional medicine as cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Makowska-Wąs
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL-30-688, Cracow
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL-30-688, Cracow
| | - Joanna Gdula-Argasińska
- Department of Radioligands, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL-30-688, Cracow
| | | | - Agnieszka Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL-30-688, Cracow
| | - Ricardo Nunes
- MeditBio, Faculty of Sciences and Technology - University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, PT-8005-139, Faro
| | - Isabel S Carvalho
- MeditBio, Faculty of Sciences and Technology - University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, PT-8005-139, Faro
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, PL-30-387, Cracow
| | - Paweł Paśko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL-30-688, Cracow
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Koczurkiewicz P, Łojewski M, Piska K, Michalik M, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Szewczyk A, Hałaszuk P, Pękala E, Muszyńska B. Chemopreventive and Anticancer Activities of Bacopa Monnieri Extracted from Artificial Digestive Juices. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (water hyssop) from the Scrophulariaceae family represents one of the best known plants of the Ayurveda system, with reported procognitive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticonvulsant activity. It is considered to be a central nervous system modulating agent. However, recent studies have indicated its potential use in cancer prevention and treatment. Here we report the findings from a study of the effects of B. monnieri extracts derived from artificial digestive juices on physiological traits of prostate cancer cells (DU 145), such as viability and migratory activity. The safety profile and chemopreventive potential of B. monnieri extracts were investigated in Vibrio harveyi mutagenicity assays. Additionally, in this study for the first time the content of phenolic compounds and bacosides released from B. monnieri biomass to artificial digestive juices was determined. The investigated extracts were cytotoxic to DU 145; however, in non-cytotoxic concentrations, they significantly reduced cancer cell motility, thereby demonstrated anti-invasive activity. All extracts under study exhibited very strong antimutagenic activity against nitroquinoline- N-oxide. Bacoside A and phenolic acids were determined, but qualitative and quantitative differences between extracts were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Łojewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa sreet 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Hałaszuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30–688 Kraków, Poland
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24
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Koczurkiewicz P, Łojewski M, Piska K, Michalik M, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Szewczyk A, Hałaszuk P, Pękala E, Muszyńska B. Chemopreventive and Anticancer Activities of Bacopa monnieri Extracted from Artificial Digestive Juices. Nat Prod Commun 2017; 12:337-342. [PMID: 30549879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (water hyssop) from the Scrophulariaceae family represents one of the best known plants of the Ayurveda system, with reported precognitive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticonvulsant activity. It is considered to be a central nervous system modulating agent. However, recent studies have indicated its potential use in cancer prevention and treatment. Here we report the findings from a study of the effects of B. monnieri extracts derived from artificial digestive juices on physiological traits of prostate cancer cells (DU 145), such as viability and migratory activity. The safety profile and chemopreventive potential of B. monnieri extracts were investigated in Vibrio harveyi mutagenicity assays. Additionally, in this study for the first time the content of phenolic compounds and bacosides released from B. monnieri biomass to artificial digestive juices was determined. The investigated extracts were cytotoxic to DU 145; however, in non-cytotoxic concentrations, they significantly reduced cancer cell motility, thereby demonstrated anti- invasive activity. All extracts under study exhibited very strong antimutagenic activity against nitroquinoline-N-oxide. Bacoside A and phenolic acids were determined, but qualitative and quantitative differences between extracts were found.
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25
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Galanty A, Koczurkiewicz P, Wnuk D, Paw M, Karnas E, Podolak I, Węgrzyn M, Borusiewicz M, Madeja Z, Czyż J, Michalik M. Usnic acid and atranorin exert selective cytostatic and anti-invasive effects on human prostate and melanoma cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:161-169. [PMID: 28095330 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Lichens are an interesting source of potential anti-tumor compounds, among which usnic acid and atranorin seem to be the most promising, but their impact on invasive potential of tumor cells has not yet been comprehensively addressed. The aim of the study was focused on the impact of the two lichen metabolites, on the viability (by Trypan blue test and fluoresceine diacetate and ethidium bromide assay), proliferation (cell counting in a Bürker's chamber), apoptosis (flow cytometry analysis and Western blot) and motile activity (cell movement recording and image analysis) and actin cytoskeleton organization (immunofluorescent staining) of melanoma HTB-140, prostate cancers DU-145 and PC-3, normal human skin fibroblasts and prostate epithelial PNT2 cells, with special emphasis to their selectivity and versatility. RESULTS Both compounds exerted strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration and actin cytoskeleton organization, while their effect on apoptosis process was less relevant. The impact of usnic acid on the examined cancer cells was found more efficient in comparison to atranorin. Also, selective effect of both agents on tumor cells was observed. SIGNIFICANCE The ability of usnic acid and atranorin to inhibit cancer cells motility may have future implications for development of new therapeutic strategies targeted at the interference with the metastatic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Michał Węgrzyn
- Prof. Z. Czeppe Department of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 27, 31-501 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Borusiewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
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26
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Koczurkiewicz P, Kowolik E, Podolak I, Wnuk D, Piska K, Łabędź-Masłowska A, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Pękala E, Czyż J, Michalik M. Synergistic Cytotoxic and Anti-invasive Effects of Mitoxantrone and Triterpene Saponins from Lysimachia ciliata on Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Planta Med 2016; 82:1546-1552. [PMID: 27737477 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-117537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene saponins are secondary metabolites typical for higher plants. They possess a wide range of pharmaceutical and biological activities. These include anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective, expectorant, and antitumor properties. In particular, the ability of saponins to enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs has opened new perspectives for their application in combined cancer chemotherapy. In this study, the biological activity of the saponin fraction isolated from Lysimachia ciliata (denoted as CIL-1/2) was evaluated to assess its chemosensitizing activity in prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145, PC-3). No cytotoxic or cytostatic effect of the CIL-1/2 fraction administered at the concentration of 0.5 µg/mL was observed. In contrast, cocktails of CIL-1/2 and mitoxantrone (a drug commonly used in prostate cancer therapy) exerted synergistic cytostatic and proapoptotic effects. Furthermore, the synergy of proapoptotic activities of the analyzed cocktails is accompanied by their synergistic effects on prostate cancer cell movement and invasiveness. The significantly weaker impact of this cocktail on normal prostate cells additionally adds to the significance of our data and confirms that the CIL-1/2 fraction might be considered a potent adjuvant for prostate cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Kowolik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Łabędź-Masłowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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27
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Michalik M, Brzeżański M, Wilczyńska-Michalik W, Fisior K, Klimas B, Samek L, Pietras B. Characterisation of solid particles emitted from diesel and petrol engines as a contribution to the determination of the origin of carbonaceous particles in urban aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/148/1/012079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Romanowska Dixon B, Jasinska K, Michalik M, Madeja Z, Urbańska K, Elas M. Uveal melanoma clonogenic response to proton beam irradiation. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Hińcza K, Wnuk D, Kądziołka D, Koczurkiewicz P, Sanak M, Madeja Z, Pękala E, Michalik M. Pentoxifylline and its active metabolite lisofylline attenuate transforming growth factor β1-induced asthmatic bronchial fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Acta Biochim Pol 2016; 63:437-42. [PMID: 27474406 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2016_1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and airway wall remodeling. Among many different cells and growth factors triggering changes in bronchi structure, transforming growth factor β1-induced fibroblast to myofibroblast transition is believed to be very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether theophylline (used in asthma therapy) and two other methylxanthines (pentoxifylline and its active metabolite lisofylline), may affect transforming growth factor β1-induced fibroblast to myofibroblast transition in bronchial fibroblasts derived from asthmatic patients. We show here for the first time that selected methylxanthines effectively reduce transforming growth factor β1-induced myofibroblast formation in asthmatic bronchial fibroblast populations. PTX was found to be the most effective methylxanthine. The number of differentiated myofibroblasts after PTX, LSF and THEO administration was reduced at least twofold. Studies on the use of methylxanthines opens a new perspective in the development of novel strategies in asthma therapy through their two-pronged, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic action. In the future they can be considered as promising anti-fibrotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; and Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Hińcza
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominika Kądziołka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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30
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Jasińska K, Pochylczuk K, Czajka E, Michalik M, Sarna M, Olko P, Romanowska-Dixon B, Urbańska K, Elas M. Cellular motility inhibition by proton beam irradiation. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Jasińska K, Michalik M, Sarna M, Olko P, Romanowska-Dixon B, Urbańska K, Madeja Z, Elas M. Proton beam irradiation inhibits cellular motility in vitro. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)30079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Podolak I, Olech M, Galanty A, Załuski D, Grabowska K, Sobolewska D, Michalik M, Nowak R. Flavonoid and phenolic acid profile by LC-MS/MS and biological activity of crude extracts from Chenopodium hybridum aerial parts. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:1766-70. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1136908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - M. Olech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - A. Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - D. Załuski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - K. Grabowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - D. Sobolewska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - M. Michalik
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - R. Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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33
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Wytrwal M, Koczurkiewicz P, Zrubek K, Niemiec W, Michalik M, Kozik B, Szneler E, Bernasik A, Madeja Z, Nowakowska M, Kepczynski M. Growth and motility of human skin fibroblasts on multilayer strong polyelectrolyte films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 461:305-316. [PMID: 26407058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have found application in modifying material surfaces to make them adhesive or non-adhesive for animal cells. However, PEMs made of strong polyelectrolytes are not fully recognized in the literature. This study focuses on the interplay between the properties of PEM assembled from strong polyelectrolytes and cell adhesion and motility. Strong polycations (with quaternary ammonium groups) and a polyanion (with sulfonate groups) were obtained by modification of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). Two types of multilayer films were assembled from these PAH derivatives and used to investigate the behavior of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). The effect of surface charge, hydrophobicity, and film thickness on adhesion of HSFs in a serum-containing medium was studied with immunofluorescence microscopy. The results showed that adhesion of HSFs was strongly depended on the chemical functions of the terminal layer, whereas the wettability was not important. The surface of PEM can be strongly cytophobic (the quaternary ammonium terminal groups) or strongly cytophilic (the sulfonate terminal groups). Finally, the motile activity of HSFs seeded on glass coated with a varying number of polymer layers was investigated. It was demonstrated using an in vitro model that coating the substrate with only two polymer layers can considerably increase the average speed of HSFs movement and stimulate cell migration into the wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wytrwal
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Department of Pharmaceutical Biochermistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karol Zrubek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niemiec
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Kozik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Edward Szneler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Bernasik
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
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34
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Koczurkiewicz P, Czyż J, Podolak I, Wójcik K, Galanty A, Janeczko Z, Michalik M. Multidirectional effects of triterpene saponins on cancer cells - mini-review of in vitro studies. Acta Biochim Pol 2015; 62:383-93. [PMID: 26307770 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Triterpene saponins (saponosides) are found in a variety of higher plants and display a wide range of pharmacological activities, including expectorant, anti-inflamatory, vasoprotective, gastroprotective and antimicrobial properties. Recently, a potential anticancer activity of saponins has been suggested by their cytotoxic, cytostatic, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effects. At high concentrations (more than 100 µM) saponins exert cytotoxic and haemolytic effects via permeabilization of the cell membranes. Noteworthy, the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis and attenuation of cell invasiveness is observed in the presence of low saponin concentrations. Saponins might affect the expression of genes associated with malignancy. These alterations are directly related to the invasive phenotype of cancer cells and depend on "cellular context". It illustrates the relationships between the action of saponins, and the momentary genomic/proteomic status of cancer cells. Here, we discuss the hallmarks of anti-cancer activity of saponins with the particular emphasis on anti-invasive effect of diverse groups of saponins that have been investigated in relation to tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Janeczko
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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35
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Kasina M, Kleyböcker A, Michalik M, Würdemann H. Extremely fast increase in the organic loading rate during the co-digestion of rapeseed oil and sewage sludge in a CSTR--characterization of granules formed due to CaO addition to maintain process stability. Water Sci Technol 2015; 72:1569-1577. [PMID: 26524448 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a co-digestion system running with rapeseed oil and sewage sludge, an extremely fast increase in the organic loading rate was studied to develop a procedure to allow for flexible and demand-driven energy production. The over-acidification of the digestate was successfully prevented by calcium oxide dosage, which resulted in granule formation. Mineralogical analyses revealed that the granules were composed of insoluble salts of long chain fatty acids and calcium and had a porous structure. Long chain fatty acids and calcium formed the outer cover of granules and offered interfaces on the inside thereby enhancing the growth of biofilms. With granule size and age, the pore size increased and indicated degradation of granular interfaces. A stable biogas production up to the organic loading rate of 10.4 kg volatile solids m(-3) d(-1) was achieved although the hydrogen concentration was not favorable for propionic acid degradation. However, at higher organic loading rates, unbalanced granule formation and degradation were observed. Obviously, the adaption time for biofilm growth was too short to maintain the balance, thereby resulting in a low methane yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kasina
- German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ, Section 4.5 Geomicrobiology, Potsdam 14473, Germany E-mail: ; Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30-063, Poland
| | - A Kleyböcker
- German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ, Section 4.5 Geomicrobiology, Potsdam 14473, Germany E-mail:
| | - M Michalik
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30-063, Poland
| | - H Würdemann
- German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ, Section 4.5 Geomicrobiology, Potsdam 14473, Germany E-mail: ; University of Applied Science Merseburg, Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
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Piwowarczyk K, Wybieralska E, Baran J, Borowczyk J, Rybak P, Kosińska M, Włodarczyk AJ, Michalik M, Siedlar M, Madeja Z, Dobrucki J, Reiss K, Czyż J. Fenofibrate enhances barrier function of endothelial continuum within the metastatic niche of prostate cancer cells. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:163-76. [PMID: 25389904 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.981153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extravasation of circulating cancer cells is an important step of the metastatic cascade and a potential target for anti-cancer strategies based on vasoprotective drugs. Reports on anti-cancer effects of fenofibrate (FF) prompted us to analyze its influence on the endothelial barrier function during prostate cancer cell diapedesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In vitro co-cultures of endothelial cells with cancer cells imitate the 'metastatic niche' in vivo. We qualitatively and quantitatively estimated the effect of 25 μM FF on the events which accompany prostate carcinoma cell diapedesis, with the special emphasis on endothelial cell mobilization. RESULTS Fenofibrate attenuated cancer cell diapedesis via augmenting endothelial cell adhesion to the substratum rather than through the effect on intercellular communication networks within the metastatic niche. The inhibition of endothelial cell motility was accompanied by the activation of PPARα-dependent and PPARα-independent reactive oxygen species signaling, Akt and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation, in the absence of cytotoxic effects in endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Fenofibrate reduces endothelial cell susceptibility to the paracrine signals received from prostate carcinoma cells, thus inhibiting endothelial cell mobilization and reducing paracellular permeability of endothelium in the metastatic niche. Our data provide a mechanistic rationale for extending the clinical use of FF and for the combination of this well tolerated vasoactive drug with the existing multidrug regimens used in prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Piwowarczyk
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Krakow , Poland
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Jasinska K, Borkowska A, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Madeja Z, Olko P, Romanowska-Dixon B, Elas M, Urbanska K. 923: Cellular motility properties after X and proton beam irradiation. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ryszawy D, Sarna M, Rak M, Szpak K, Kędracka-Krok S, Michalik M, Siedlar M, Zuba-Surma E, Burda K, Korohoda W, Madeja Z, Czyż J. Functional links between Snail-1 and Cx43 account for the recruitment of Cx43-positive cells into the invasive front of prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1920-30. [PMID: 24503443 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressive function of connexin(Cx)43 in carcinogenesis was recently contested by reports that showed a multifaceted function of Cx43 in cancer progression. These studies did not attempt to model the dynamics of intratumoral heterogeneity involved in the metastatic cascade. An unorthodox look at the phenotypic heterogeneity of prostate cancer cells in vitro enabled us to identify links between Cx43 functions and Snail-1-regulated functional speciation of invasive cells. Incomplete Snail-1-dependent phenotypic shifts accounted for the formation of phenotypically stable subclones of AT-2 cells. These subclones showed diverse predilection for invasive behavior. High Snail-1 and Cx43 levels accompanied high motility and nanomechanical elasticity of the fibroblastoid AT-2_Fi2 subclone, which determined its considerable invasiveness. Transforming growth factor-β and ectopic Snail-1 overexpression induced invasiveness and Cx43 expression in epithelioid AT-2 subclones and DU-145 cells. Functional links between Snail-1 function and Cx43 expression were confirmed by Cx43 downregulation and phenotypic shifts in AT-2_Fi2, DU-145 and MAT-LyLu cells upon Snail-1 silencing. Corresponding morphological changes and Snail-1 downregulation were seen upon Cx43 silencing in AT-2_Fi2 cells. This indicates that feedback loops between both proteins regulate cell invasive behavior. We demonstrate that Cx43 may differentially predispose prostate cancer cells for invasion in a coupling-dependent and coupling-independent manner. When extrapolated to in vivo conditions, these data show the complexity of Cx43 functions during the metastatic cascade of prostate cancer. They may explain how Cx43 confers a selective advantage during cooperative invasion of clonally evolving, invasive prostate cancer cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Ryszawy
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Sarna
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Rak
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szpak
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kędracka-Krok
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kvetoslava Burda
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Korohoda
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyż
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland and Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
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Kamiński K, Kałaska B, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Szczubiałka K, Mogielnicki A, Buczko W, Nowakowska M. New arginine substituted derivative of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) for heparin reversal. Med Chem Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00374d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Podolak I, Żmudzki P, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Zajdel P, Galanty A. Minor Triterpene Saponins from Underground Parts of Lysimachia thyrsiflora: Structure elucidation, LC-ESI-MS/MS Quantification, and Biological Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two minor triterpene saponins, one previously not reported, were isolated from the underground parts of Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. The structures were determined based on a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, and mass spectrometry, as 30- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,16α,30-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-yl acetate 3- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)- O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-]- O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (denoted as thyrsiloside A), and davuricoside L. Quantitative determination of these two compounds, along with other saponins present in L. thyrsiflora underground parts, was performed by a developed UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method, validated according to the ICH guidelines. The relative total content of triterpene saponins amounted to 1.19 μg/mg dw. Both 4 and 5 were present in minor quantities, 0.031 and 0.077 μg/mg dw, respectively. Assays performed on a panel of human cancer cell lines showed antiproliferative activity against prostate carcinoma PC-3 (GI50 after 48 h = 20 and 24 μg/mL, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Zajdel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
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Wójcik KA, Skoda M, Koczurkiewicz P, Sanak M, Czyż J, Michalik M. Apigenin inhibits TGF-β1 induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in human lung fibroblast populations. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 65:164-72. [PMID: 23563034 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)70974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are dietary plant compounds suspected to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases in several regions of the world. Due to anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities, apigenin (4',5,7,-trihydroxyflavone) is thought to interfere with crucial events in the pathomechanism of asthma. However, the effect of apigenin on TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) in human lung fibroblast populations, a key event in asthma progression, has not yet been addressed. METHODS Primary human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) propagated from ex vivo bronchial biopsies derived from patients with diagnosed asthma and human embryonic lung IMR-90 fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and treated with TGF-β1 and apigenin. The myofibroblast fraction in fibroblast populations was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and tenascin C were assessed at the mRNA and protein level by real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Additionally, proliferation and viability tests and time lapse-monitoring of movement of individual HBFs and IMR-90 cells were evaluated. RESULTS We show that apigenin attenuates TGF-β1-induced FMT in cultures of HBFs, and the magnitude of this attenuation was found to be similar to that observed in the established cell line of lung IMR-90 fibroblasts. Notably, FMT inhibition was observed at low (≈10 μM), non-cytotoxic and non-cytostatic apigenin concentrations and could be correlated with the inhibition of α-SMA and tenascin C expression in HBFs at the mRNA level. CONCLUSIONS Our data are the first to demonstrate that apigenin inhibits the TGF-β1-induced expansion of hyper-contractile, α-smooth muscle actin - positive myofibroblasts within populations of HBFs derived from asthmatic patients. They also indicate the possible interference of apigenin with bronchial wall remodeling during the asthmatic process in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Wójcik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, PL 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Koczurkiewicz P, Podolak I, Skrzeczyńska-Moncznik J, Sarna M, Wójcik KA, Ryszawy D, Galanty A, Lasota S, Madeja Z, Czyż J, Michalik M. Triterpene saponosides from Lysimachia ciliata differentially attenuate invasive potential of prostate cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:6-17. [PMID: 23954719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neither androgen ablation nor chemotherapeutic agents are effective in reducing the risk of prostate cancer progression. On the other hand, multifaceted effects of phytochemicals, such as triterpene saponins, on cancer cells have been suggested. A promising safety and tolerability profile indicate their possible application in the treatment of advanced prostate cancers. We analyzed the specificity, selectivity and versatility of desglucoanagalloside B effects on human prostate cancer cells derived from prostate cancer metastases to brain (DU-145 cells) and bone (PC-3 cells). Prominent growth arrest and apoptotic response of both cell types was observed in the presence of sub-micromolar desglucoanagalloside B concentrations. This was accompanied by cytochrome c release and caspase 3/7 activation. A relatively low cytostatic and pro-apoptotic response of cancer cells to a desglucoanagalloside B analog, anagallosaponin IV, illustrated the specificity of the effects of desglucoanagalloside B, whereas the low sensitivity of normal prostate PNT2 cells to desglucoanagalloside B showed the selectivity of its action. Inhibition of cancer cell motility was observed in the presence of both saponins, however only desglucoanagalloside B attenuated cancer cell invasive potential, predominantly through an effect on cell elastic properties. These data demonstrate the versatility of its effects on prostate cancer cells. In contrast to PNT2 cells, cancer cells tested in this study were relatively resistant to mitoxantrone. The multifaceted action of desglucoanagalloside B on basic cellular traits, crucial for prostate cancer progression, opens perspectives for elaboration of combined palliative therapies and new prostate cancer prophylaxis regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Koczurkiewicz P, Podolak I, Wójcik KA, Galanty A, Madeja Z, Michalik M, Czyż J. Lclet 4 enhances pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effects of mitoxantrone on human prostate cancer cells - in vitro study. Acta Biochim Pol 2013; 60:331-338. [PMID: 23869350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene saponosides are widely distributed plant secondary metabolites characterized by relatively low systemic cytotoxicity and a range of biological activities. These include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, vasoprotective and antitumor properties. In particular, the ability of saponins to enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs opened perspectives for their application in combined cancer chemotherapy. Here, we used human prostate cancer DU-145 cells as an in vitro model to elucidate the synergy of the interactions between biological activities of an oleanane type 13β,28-epoxy triterpene saponoside (Lclet 4) and mitoxantrone, which is a cytostatic drug commonly used in prostate cancer therapy. No cytotoxic or pro-apoptotic effect of Lclet 4 and mitoxantrone administered at the concentrations between 0.05 and 0.1 µg/ml could be seen. In contrast, cocktails of these agents exerted synergistic pro-apoptotic effects, accompanied by the activation of the caspase 3/7 system. This effect was paralleled by attenuating effects of Lclet 4/mitoxantrone cocktails on the invasive potential, metalloproteinase expression and motility of DU-145 cells. Multifaceted and additive effects of Lclet 4 and mitoxantrone on basic cellular traits crucial for prostate cancer progression indicate that the combined application of both agents at systemically neutral concentrations may provide the basis for new promising strategies of prostate cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Koczurkiewicz P, Podolak I, Wójcik KA, Galanty A, Madeja Z, Michalik M, Czyż J. Lclet 4 enhances pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effects of mitoxantrone on human prostate cancer cells - in vitro study. Acta Biochim Pol 2013. [DOI: 10.18388/abp.2013_1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Triterpene saponosides are widely distributed plant secondary metabolites characterized by relatively low systemic cytotoxicity and a range of biological activities. These include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, vasoprotective and antitumor properties. In particular, the ability of saponins to enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs opened perspectives for their application in combined cancer chemotherapy. Here, we used human prostate cancer DU-145 cells as an in vitro model to elucidate the synergy of the interactions between biological activities of an oleanane type 13β,28-epoxy triterpene saponoside (Lclet 4) and mitoxantrone, which is a cytostatic drug commonly used in prostate cancer therapy. No cytotoxic or pro-apoptotic effect of Lclet 4 and mitoxantrone administered at the concentrations between 0.05 and 0.1 µg/ml could be seen. In contrast, cocktails of these agents exerted synergistic pro-apoptotic effects, accompanied by the activation of the caspase 3/7 system. This effect was paralleled by attenuating effects of Lclet 4/mitoxantrone cocktails on the invasive potential, metalloproteinase expression and motility of DU-145 cells. Multifaceted and additive effects of Lclet 4 and mitoxantrone on basic cellular traits crucial for prostate cancer progression indicate that the combined application of both agents at systemically neutral concentrations may provide the basis for new promising strategies of prostate cancer chemotherapy.
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Wytrwal M, Koczurkiewicz P, Wójcik K, Michalik M, Kozik B, Żylewski M, Nowakowska M, Kepczynski M. Synthesis of strong polycations with improved biological properties. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:721-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wytrwal
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 30-060 Kraków Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 7 30-387 Kraków Poland
| | - Kinga Wójcik
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 7 30-387 Kraków Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 7 30-387 Kraków Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Kozik
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 30-060 Kraków Poland
| | - Marek Żylewski
- NMR Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 30-060 Kraków Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 30-060 Kraków Poland
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Podolak I, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Galanty A, Zajdel P, Janeczko Z. A new cytotoxic triterpene saponin from Lysimachia nummularia L. Carbohydr Res 2013; 375:16-20. [PMID: 23665578 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new glycosylated triterpene 1 (named nummularoside) was isolated from the underground parts of Lysimachia nummularia L. Its chemical structure was elucidated as 3-O-β-{{[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)]-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)}-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]}, protoprimulagenin A on the basis of extensive NMR and MS spectral data. The saponin showed significant activity against prostate cancer cells DU145 and PC3 (EC50 1.2 and 7.4 μg/mL, respectively), while it did not affect normal cells (EC50 30 μg/mL), in contrast to the reference compound (mitoxanthrone, EC50 0.45 μg/mL). Glioblastoma cells were also significantly affected by the tested saponin (EC50 6.0 μg/mL), whereas the activity against melanoma cells was moderate (EC50 17.5-23.2 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
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Podolak I, Koczurkiewicz P, Galanty A, Michalik M. Cytotoxic triterpene saponins from the underground parts of six Lysimachia L. species. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pierzchalska M, Grabacka M, Michalik M, Zyla K, Pierzchalski P. Prostaglandin E2 supports growth of chicken embryo intestinal organoids in Matrigel matrix. Biotechniques 2012; 52:307-15. [PMID: 22578123 DOI: 10.2144/0000113851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating intestinal physiology in vitro remains challenging due to the lack of an effective primary enterocyte culture system. Recently developed protocols for growing organoids containing crypts and villus from adult mouse intestinal epithelium in Matrigel present an attractive alternative to the classical techniques. However, these approaches require the use of sophisticated and expensive serum-free medium supplemented with epithelial growth factor (EGF), Wnt agonist (R-spondin 1), and bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor (Noggin) in high concentrations. Here we demonstrate that is possible to use an isolated chicken embryonic intestinal epithelium to create such an organoid culture. Structures formed in Matrigel matrix in the first two days following isolation survive and enlarge during ensuing weeks. They have the appearance of empty spheres and comprise cells expressing cytokeratin (an epithelial cell marker), villin (a marker of enterocytes), and Sox-9 (a transcription factor characteristic of progenitors and stem cells of intestinal crypts). With chicken embryonic tissue as a source of organoids, prostaglandin E2 is as effective as R-spondin 1 and Noggin in promoting sustained growth and survival of epithelial spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Pierzchalska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Poland.
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Wójcik K, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Sanak M. Transforming growth factor-β1‑induced expression of connective tissue growth factor is enhanced in bronchial fibroblasts derived from asthmatic patients. Pol Arch Intern Med 2012. [DOI: 10.20452/pamw.1343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wójcik K, Koczurkiewicz P, Michalik M, Sanak M. Transforming growth factor-β₁-induced expression of connective tissue growth factor is enhanced in bronchial fibroblasts derived from asthmatic patients. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2012; 122:326-332. [PMID: 22814516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bronchial asthma is accompanied by airway remodeling as well as increased secretion of cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been suggested to contribute to many fibrotic disorders. However, the ability of human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) to express CTGF in response to transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF‑β₁) has not been studied so far. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate whether HBFs are able to express CTGF when stimulated with TGF‑β₁. PATIENTS AND METHODS All experiments were conducted on in vitro cultures of HBFs isolated from bronchial biopsies obtained from 8 patients with asthma and from 5 nonasthmatic individuals. We performed an analysis of changes in mRNA expression for CTGF and α‑smooth muscle actin and in protein expression for CTGF. RESULTS We have shown for the first time that HBFs derived from asthmatic patients are capable of higher CTGF expression when stimulated with TGF‑β₁ compared with HBFs isolated from nonasthmatic individuals. Moreover, this effect is significantly reduced after the Wnt signaling pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS Our results point to a pleiotropic effect of TGF-β₁, the elevated levels of which are observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from asthmatic patients. The structural cells of the bronchi, fibroblasts, stimulated with TGF‑β₁ begin to synthesize CTGF. Moreover, this process can be reversed by the GSK‑3β inhibitor, which activates the Wnt signaling pathway. Our model, based on in vitro primary cell cultures, may be a valuable experimental approach to study the mechanisms underlying bronchial wall remodeling, and in the future it may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wójcik
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, 2nd Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
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