1
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Rocha B, Cillero-Pastor B, Ruiz-Romero C, Paine MRL, Cañete JD, Heeren RMA, Blanco FJ. Identification of a distinct lipidomic profile in the osteoarthritic synovial membrane by mass spectrometry imaging. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:750-761. [PMID: 33582239 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Synovial inflammation is one of the most characteristic events in different types of arthritis, including Osteoarthritis (OA). Emerging evidence also suggests the involvement of lipids in the regulation of inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the heterogeneity and spatial distribution of lipids in the OA synovial membrane and explore their putative involvement in inflammation. METHOD The abundance and distribution of lipids were examined in human synovial membranes. To this end, histological cuts from this tissue were analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). The lipidomic profile of OA synovium was characterized and compared with healthy and other forms of inflammatory arthropathies as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) using principal component analysis and discriminant analysis methods. Lipid identification was undertaken by tandem MS analyses and database queries. RESULTS Our results reveal differential and characteristic lipidomic profiles between OA and control samples. Specifically, we unveiled that OA synovium presents elevated levels of phosphatidylcholines, fatty acids and lysophosphatidic acids and lower levels of lysophosphatidylcholines compared to control tissues. The spatial distribution of particular glycerophospholipids was also correlated with hypertrophic, inflamed or vascularized synovial areas. Compared with other inflammatory arthritis, the OA tissue showed lower amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine-based plasmalogens. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a novel insight into the lipid profiles of synovial membrane and differences in abundance between OA and control tissues. The lipidomic alterations improves understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of OA and may be important for its diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rocha
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain
| | - B Cillero-Pastor
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - C Ruiz-Romero
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M R L Paine
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - J D Cañete
- Unidad de Artritis. Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R M A Heeren
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - F J Blanco
- Grupo de Unidad de Proteómica, Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), C/ As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain; Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, 15008, A Coruña, Spain.
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2
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Huang D, Liu J, Eldridge RC, Gaul DA, Paine MRL, Uppal K, MacDonald TJ, Fernández FM. Lipidome signatures of metastasis in a transgenic mouse model of sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7017-7027. [PMID: 32794007 PMCID: PMC7982123 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, has high propensity to metastasize. Currently, the standard treatment for MB patients includes radiation therapy administered to the entire brain and spine for the purpose of treating or preventing against metastasis. Due to this aggressive treatment, the majority of long-term survivors will be left with permanent and debilitating neurocognitive impairment, for the 30-40% patients that fail to respond to treatment, all will relapse with terminal metastatic disease. An understanding of the underlying biology that drives MB metastasis is lacking, and is critically needed in order to develop targeted therapeutics for its prevention. To examine the metastatic biology of sonic hedgehog (SHH) MB, the human MB subgroup with the worst clinical outcome in children, we first generated a robust SmoA1-Math-GFP mouse model that reliably reproduces human SHH MB whereby metastases can be visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Lipidome alterations associated with metastasis were then investigated by applying ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) under positive ionization mode to primary tumor samples collected from mice without (n = 18) and with (n = 7) metastasis. Thirty-four discriminant lipids associated with SHH MB metastasis were successfully annotated, including ceramides (Cers), sphingomyelins (SMs), triacylglycerols (TGs), diacylglycerols (DGs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), and phosphatidic acids (PAs). This study provides deeper insights into dysregulations of lipid metabolism associated with SHH MB metastatic progression, and thus serves as a guide toward novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danning Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - David A Gaul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | | | - Karan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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3
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Rocha B, Cillero-Pastor B, Eijkel G, Calamia V, Fernandez-Puente P, Paine MRL, Ruiz-Romero C, Heeren RMA, Blanco FJ. Integrative Metabolic Pathway Analysis Reveals Novel Therapeutic Targets in Osteoarthritis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:574-588. [PMID: 31980557 PMCID: PMC7124476 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In osteoarthritis (OA), impairment of cartilage regeneration can be related to a defective chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Therefore, understanding the proteomic- and metabolomic-associated molecular events during the chondrogenesis of MSCs could provide alternative targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, a SILAC-based proteomic analysis identified 43 proteins related with metabolic pathways whose abundance was significantly altered during the chondrogenesis of OA human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs). Then, the level and distribution of metabolites was analyzed in these cells and healthy controls by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), leading to the recognition of characteristic metabolomic profiles at the early stages of differentiation. Finally, integrative pathway analysis showed that UDP-glucuronic acid synthesis and amino sugar metabolism were downregulated in OA hBMSCs during chondrogenesis compared with healthy cells. Alterations in these metabolic pathways may disturb the production of hyaluronic acid (HA) and other relevant cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) components. This work provides a novel integrative insight into the molecular alterations of osteoarthritic MSCs and potential therapeutic targets for OA drug development through the enhancement of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rocha
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Unidad de Proteómica, INIBIC - Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, SERGAS, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Berta Cillero-Pastor
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Eijkel
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Calamia
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Unidad de Proteómica, INIBIC - Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, SERGAS, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Puente
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología, INIBIC-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, SERGAS, Agrupación CICA-INIBIC, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Martin R L Paine
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Romero
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Unidad de Proteómica, INIBIC - Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, SERGAS, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología, INIBIC-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
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4
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Barré FPY, Paine MRL, Flinders B, Trevitt AJ, Kelly PD, Ait-Belkacem R, Garcia JP, Creemers LB, Stauber J, Vreeken RJ, Cillero-Pastor B, Ellis SR, Heeren RMA. Enhanced Sensitivity Using MALDI Imaging Coupled with Laser Postionization (MALDI-2) for Pharmaceutical Research. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10840-10848. [PMID: 31355633 PMCID: PMC6706868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing the distributions of drugs and their metabolites is one of the key emerging application areas of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) within pharmaceutical research. The success of a given MALDI-MSI experiment is ultimately determined by the ionization efficiency of the compounds of interest, which in many cases are too low to enable detection at relevant concentrations. In this work we have taken steps to address this challenge via the first application of laser-postionisation coupled with MALDI (so-called MALDI-2) to the analysis and imaging of pharmaceutical compounds. We demonstrate that MALDI-2 increased the signal intensities for 7 out of the 10 drug compounds analyzed by up to 2 orders of magnitude compared to conventional MALDI analysis. This gain in sensitivity enabled the distributions of drug compounds in both human cartilage and dog liver tissue to be visualized using MALDI-2, whereas little-to-no signal from tissue was obtained using conventional MALDI. This work demonstrates the vast potential of MALDI-2-MSI in pharmaceutical research and drug development and provides a valuable tool to broaden the application areas of MSI. Finally, in an effort to understand the ionization mechanism, we provide the first evidence that the preferential formation of [M + H]+ ions with MALDI-2 has no obvious correlation with the gas-phase proton affinity values of the analyte molecules, suggesting, as with MALDI, the occurrence of complex and yet to be elucidated ionization phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian P Y Barré
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Martin R L Paine
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Bryn Flinders
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Adam J Trevitt
- School of Chemistry , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | - Patrick D Kelly
- School of Chemistry , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | | | - João P Garcia
- University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht , Department of Orthopedics , Heidelberglaan 100 , 3584 CX Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Laura B Creemers
- University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht , Department of Orthopedics , Heidelberglaan 100 , 3584 CX Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Rob J Vreeken
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research and Development , Beerse , Belgium
| | - Berta Cillero-Pastor
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Shane R Ellis
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50 , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
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5
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Paine MRL, Liu J, Huang D, Ellis SR, Trede D, Kobarg JH, Heeren RMA, Fernández FM, MacDonald TJ. Three-Dimensional Mass Spectrometry Imaging Identifies Lipid Markers of Medulloblastoma Metastasis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2205. [PMID: 30778099 PMCID: PMC6379434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for medulloblastoma (MB) — the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor — includes prophylactic radiation administered to the entire brain and spine due to the high incidence of metastasis to the central nervous system. However, the majority of long-term survivors are left with permanent and debilitating neurocognitive impairments as a result of this therapy, while the remaining 30–40% of patients relapse with terminal metastatic disease. Development of more effective targeted therapies has been hindered by our lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating the metastatic process in this disease. To understand the mechanism by which MB metastasis occurs, three-dimensional matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) experiments were performed on whole brains from a mouse model of human medulloblastoma. Analyzing the tumor and surrounding normal brain in its entirety enabled the detection of low abundance, spatially-heterogeneous lipids associated with tumor development. Boundaries of metastasizing and non-metastasizing primary tumors were readily defined, leading to the identification of lipids associated with medulloblastoma metastasis, including phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylserines, and phosphoinositides. These lipids provide a greater insight into the metastatic process and may ultimately lead to the discovery of biomarkers and novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of metastasizing MB in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Danning Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands.
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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6
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Vos DRN, Jansen I, Lucas M, Paine MRL, de Boer OJ, Meijer SL, Savci-Heijink CD, Marquering HA, de Bruin DM, Heeren RMA, Ellis SR, Balluff B. Strategies for managing multi-patient 3D mass spectrometry imaging data. J Proteomics 2018; 193:184-191. [PMID: 30343012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as a powerful tool in biomedical research to reveal the localization of a broad scale of compounds ranging from metabolites to proteins in diseased tissues, such as malignant tumors. MSI is most commonly used for the two-dimensional imaging of tissues from multiple patients or for the three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissue from a single patient. These applications are potentially introducing a sampling bias on a sample or patient level, respectively. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the consequences of sampling bias on sample representativeness and on the precision of biomarker discovery for histological grading of human bladder cancers by MSI. We therefore submitted formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 14 bladder cancer patients with varying histological grades to 3D analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MSI. We found that, after removing 20% of the data based on novel outlier detection routines for 3D-MSI data based on the evaluation of digestion efficacy and z-directed regression, on average 33% of a sample has to be measured in order to obtain sufficient coverage of the existing biological variance within a tissue sample. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, 3D MALDI-MSI is applied for the first time on a cohort of bladder cancer patients using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of bladder cancer resections. This work portrays the reproducibility that can be achieved when employing an optimized sample preparation and subsequent data evaluation approach. Our data shows the influence of sampling bias on the variability of the results, especially for a small patient cohort. Furthermore, the presented data analysis workflow can be used by others as a 3D FFPE data-analysis pipeline working on multi-patient 3D-MSI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R N Vos
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - I Jansen
- Department of Urology, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Lucas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M R L Paine
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - O J de Boer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S L Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C D Savci-Heijink
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H A Marquering
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D M de Bruin
- Department of Urology, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R M A Heeren
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S R Ellis
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - B Balluff
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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7
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Paine MRL, Poad BLJ, Eijkel GB, Marshall DL, Blanksby SJ, Heeren RMA, Ellis SR. Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Isomeric Resolution Enabled by Ozone-Induced Dissociation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10530-10534. [PMID: 29787633 PMCID: PMC6100449 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables the spatial distributions of molecules possessing different mass-to-charge ratios to be mapped within complex environments revealing regional changes at the molecular level. Even at high mass resolving power, however, these images often reflect the summed distribution of multiple isomeric molecules, each potentially possessing a unique distribution coinciding with distinct biological function(s) and metabolic origin. Herein, this chemical ambiguity is addressed through an innovative combination of ozone-induced dissociation reactions with MSI, enabling the differential imaging of isomeric lipid molecules directly from biological tissues. For the first time, we demonstrate both double bond- and sn-positional isomeric lipids exhibit distinct spatial locations within tissue. This MSI approach enables researchers to unravel local lipid molecular complexity based on both exact elemental composition and isomeric structure directly from tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. L. Paine
- M4IThe Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging InstituteDivision of Imaging Mass SpectrometryMaastricht UniversityPostbus 616, 6200MDMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Berwyck L. J. Poad
- Central Analytical Research FacilityInstitute for Future EnvironmentsQueensland University of Technology2 George StBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia
| | - Gert B. Eijkel
- M4IThe Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging InstituteDivision of Imaging Mass SpectrometryMaastricht UniversityPostbus 616, 6200MDMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - David L. Marshall
- Central Analytical Research FacilityInstitute for Future EnvironmentsQueensland University of Technology2 George StBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research FacilityInstitute for Future EnvironmentsQueensland University of Technology2 George StBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- M4IThe Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging InstituteDivision of Imaging Mass SpectrometryMaastricht UniversityPostbus 616, 6200MDMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- M4IThe Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging InstituteDivision of Imaging Mass SpectrometryMaastricht UniversityPostbus 616, 6200MDMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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8
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Paine MRL, Poad BLJ, Eijkel GB, Marshall DL, Blanksby SJ, Heeren RMA, Ellis SR. Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Isomeric Resolution Enabled by Ozone‐Induced Dissociation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. L. Paine
- M4I The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University Postbus 616, 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Berwyck L. J. Poad
- Central Analytical Research Facility Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Gert B. Eijkel
- M4I The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University Postbus 616, 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - David L. Marshall
- Central Analytical Research Facility Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- M4I The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University Postbus 616, 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- M4I The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University Postbus 616, 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
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9
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Ellis SR, Soltwisch J, Paine MRL, Dreisewerd K, Heeren RMA. Laser post-ionisation combined with a high resolving power orbitrap mass spectrometer for enhanced MALDI-MS imaging of lipids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:7246-7249. [PMID: 28573274 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coupling laser post-ionisation with a high resolving power MALDI Orbitrap mass spectrometer has realised an up to ∼100-fold increase in the sensitivity and enhanced the chemical coverage for MALDI-MS imaging of lipids relative to conventional MALDI. This could constitute a major breakthrough for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Ellis
- M4I, The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Li A, Paine MRL, Zambrzycki S, Stryffeler RB, Wu J, Bouza M, Huckaby J, Chang CY, Kumar M, Mukhija P, Fernández FM. Robotic Surface Analysis Mass Spectrometry (RoSA-MS) of Three-Dimensional Objects. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3981-3986. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anyin Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Martin R. L. Paine
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stephen Zambrzycki
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rachel B. Stryffeler
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jason Wu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Marcos Bouza
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jake Huckaby
- Energid, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Chu-Yin Chang
- Energid, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Energid, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Piyoosh Mukhija
- Energid, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive Northwest, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Paine MRL, Kooijman PC, Fisher GL, Heeren RMA, Fernández FM, Ellis SR. Visualizing molecular distributions for biomaterials applications with mass spectrometry imaging: a review. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7444-7460. [PMID: 32264222 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a rapidly emerging field that is continually finding applications in new and exciting areas. The ability of MSI to measure the spatial distribution of molecules at or near the surface of complex substrates makes it an ideal candidate for many applications, including those in the sphere of materials chemistry. Continual development and optimization of both ionization sources and analyzer technologies have resulted in a wide array of MSI tools available, both commercially available and custom-built, with each configuration possessing inherent strengths and limitations. Despite the unique potential of MSI over other chemical imaging methods, their potential and application to (bio)materials science remains in our view a largely underexplored avenue. This review will discuss these techniques enabling high parallel molecular detection, focusing on those with reported uses in (bio)materials chemistry applications and highlighted with select applications. Different technologies are presented in three main sections; secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MSI, and emerging MSI technologies with potential for biomaterial analysis. The first two sections (SIMS and MALDI) discuss well-established methods that are continually evolving both in technological advancements and in experimental versatility. In the third section, relatively new and versatile technologies capable of performing measurements under ambient conditions will be introduced, with reported applications in materials chemistry or potential applications discussed. The aim of this review is to provide a concise resource for those interested in utilizing MSI for applications such as biomimetic materials, biological/synthetic material interfaces, polymer formulation and bulk property characterization, as well as the spatial and chemical distributions of nanoparticles, or any other molecular imaging application requiring broad chemical speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- M4I, The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, The Netherlands.
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Belov ME, Ellis SR, Dilillo M, Paine MRL, Danielson WF, Anderson GA, de Graaf EL, Eijkel GB, Heeren RMA, McDonnell LA. Design and Performance of a Novel Interface for Combined Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization at Elevated Pressure and Electrospray Ionization with Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7493-7501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin R. L. Paine
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Gert B. Eijkel
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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13
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Paine MRL, Kim J, Bennett RV, Parry RM, Gaul DA, Wang MD, Matzuk MM, Fernández FM. Whole Reproductive System Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Mass Spectrometry Imaging of an Early-Stage Ovarian Cancer Mouse Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154837. [PMID: 27159635 PMCID: PMC4861325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and deadliest form of ovarian cancer. Yet it is largely asymptomatic in its initial stages. Studying the origin and early progression of this disease is thus critical in identifying markers for early detection and screening purposes. Tissue-based mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can be employed as an unbiased way of examining localized metabolic changes between healthy and cancerous tissue directly, at the onset of disease. In this study, we describe MSI results from Dicer-Pten double-knockout (DKO) mice, a mouse model faithfully reproducing the clinical nature of human HGSC. By using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) for the unsupervised analysis of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) datasets, tissue regions are segregated based on spectral components in an unbiased manner, with alterations related to HGSC highlighted. Results obtained by combining NMF with DESI-MSI revealed several metabolic species elevated in the tumor tissue and/or surrounding blood-filled cyst including ceramides, sphingomyelins, bilirubin, cholesterol sulfate, and various lysophospholipids. Multiple metabolites identified within the imaging study were also detected at altered levels within serum in a previous metabolomic study of the same mouse model. As an example workflow, features identified in this study were used to build an oPLS-DA model capable of discriminating between DKO mice with early-stage tumors and controls with up to 88% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. L. Paine
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
| | - Jaeyeon Kim
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
| | - Rachel V. Bennett
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
| | - R. Mitchell Parry
- Department of Computer Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, United States of America
| | - David A. Gaul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
| | - May D. Wang
- Walter H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
| | - Martin M. Matzuk
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
- Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kaddi CD, Bennett RV, Paine MRL, Banks MD, Weber AL, Fernández FM, Wang MD. DetectTLC: Automated Reaction Mixture Screening Utilizing Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Image Features. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2016; 27:359-65. [PMID: 26508443 PMCID: PMC5003040 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Full characterization of complex reaction mixtures is necessary to understand mechanisms, optimize yields, and elucidate secondary reaction pathways. Molecular-level information for species in such mixtures can be readily obtained by coupling mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with thin layer chromatography (TLC) separations. User-guided investigation of imaging data for mixture components with known m/z values is generally straightforward; however, spot detection for unknowns is highly tedious, and limits the applicability of MSI in conjunction with TLC. To accelerate imaging data mining, we developed DetectTLC, an approach that automatically identifies m/z values exhibiting TLC spot-like regions in MS molecular images. Furthermore, DetectTLC can also spatially match m/z values for spots acquired during alternating high and low collision-energy scans, pairing product ions with precursors to enhance structural identification. As an example, DetectTLC is applied to the identification and structural confirmation of unknown, yet significant, products of abiotic pyrazinone and aminopyrazine nucleoside analog synthesis. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchala D Kaddi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Rachel V Bennett
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- The Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, GA, 30313, USA
| | - Martin R L Paine
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Mitchel D Banks
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Arthur L Weber
- SETI Institute, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - May D Wang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Paine MRL, Bennett RV, Kim J, Sullards MC, Matzuk MM, Fernández FM. Abstract POSTER-TECH-1122: Mass spectrometric imaging of ovarian cancer mouse model tissue: searching for high-grade serous carcinoma biomarkers. Clin Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.ovcasymp14-poster-tech-1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and deadliest ovarian cancer responsible for 90% of all ovarian cancer deaths. Studying the origin and early progression of this deadly cancer is critical in identifying biomarkers for early detection of the disease. Unfortunately, in the case of HGSC, it is virtually impossible to obtain early-stage human HGSC tissue samples because there is no diagnostic method capable of detecting early forms of HGSC. The recent breakthrough of an animal model (Dicer-Pten double-knockout mice) provides an invaluable opportunity to finally investigate the early tumor microenvironment. The model exhibits remarkable similarities to human HGSC, allowing greater insight into the biochemistry associated with nascent neoplastic changes within ovarian and fallopian tube tissues. An important aspect of determining potential biomarkers is to correlate any detected chemical changes with observed histological changes. To visualize the spatial distribution of chemical changes, tissue-based mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) can be employed as an unbiased way of visualizing the changes of proteins, metabolites, or both in cancer tissues. MSI is particularly useful for identifying molecules uniquely elevated or lowered in early tumor tissues, in which cell-type specific changes are expected to occur due to intratumoral microenvironment heterogeneity. In this study, two complementary MSI techniques – matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry – are applied to thin tissue sections of Dicer-Pten mutant mouse ovaries and fallopian tubes. Several sulfatide lipids d18:1/C16:0, d18:1/C24:1 and d18:1/C24:0 have been implicated as potential biomarkers in human ovarian cancer. These metabolites, among others, are being included in a thorough MSI experiment to visualize molecular changes in multiple cell types in the microenvironment during early tumor progression. In addition to providing information about the early molecular changes taking place, the knowledge gained from this study will also help understand which specific cell types in the fallopian tube are more prone to early tumorigenesis.
(Grant support: Marsha Rivkin Ovarian Cancer Challenge Grant)
Citation Format: Martin R. L. Paine, Rachel V. Bennett, Jaeyeon Kim, M. Cameron Sullards, Martin M. Matzuk, Facundo M. Fernández. Mass spectrometric imaging of ovarian cancer mouse model tissue: searching for high-grade serous carcinoma biomarkers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 10th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 8-9, 2014; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(16 Suppl):Abstract nr POSTER-TECH-1122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. L. Paine
- 1.School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Rachel V. Bennett
- 1.School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jaeyeon Kim
- 2.Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M. Cameron Sullards
- 1.School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- 3.School of Biology and the Petit Institute for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Martin M. Matzuk
- 2.Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- 1.School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Paine MRL, Rae ID, Blanksby SJ. Direct detection of brominated flame retardants from plastic e-waste using liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2014; 28:1203-1208. [PMID: 24760560 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The worldwide generation of plastic electronic waste (e-waste) is reaching epic proportions. The presence of toxic brominated flame retardants (BFRs) within these materials limits their ability to be recycled, resulting in large amounts of e-waste reaching landfills. METHODS Liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry (LESA-MS) employing a chip-based nanoelectrospray coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer represents a novel control technology for directing e-waste streams for recycling. LESA-MS allows direct sampling and analysis of solid material, capable of detecting BFRs including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBP-A), the two most common flame retardant additives currently in circulation. RESULTS Authentic PBDE congeners and TBBP-A were deposited on glass and characterised by LESA-MS analysis. PBDEs are notoriously difficult to detect via electrospray; however, they were detected with ease by utilising a combination of nanoelectrospray and solvent doped with ammonium acetate. In situ detection of TBBP-A within plastic e-waste was also possible by performing LESA-MS on the surface of granulated material provided by a commercial waste depot. E-waste sample analysis was completely automated, with each sample analysed in less than 1 min. CONCLUSIONS LESA-MS is fast, simple, and robust allowing unambiguous detection of a range of additives through tandem mass spectrometry. LESA-MS does not require dissolution of the solid matrix nor the sample to be present under vacuum and the use of separative techniques prior to analysis is not necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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Paine MRL, Barker PJ, Maclauglin SA, Mitchell TW, Blanksby SJ. Direct detection of additives and degradation products from polymers by liquid extraction surface analysis employing chip-based nanospray mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26:412-418. [PMID: 22279017 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Polymer-based surface coatings in outdoor applications experience accelerated degradation due to exposure to solar radiation, oxygen and atmospheric pollutants. These deleterious agents cause undesirable changes to the aesthetic and mechanical properties of the polymer, reducing its lifetime. The use of antioxidants such as hindered amine light stabilisers (HALS) retards these degradative processes; however, mechanisms for HALS action and polymer degradation are poorly understood. METHODS Detection of the HALS TINUVIN®123 (bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate) and the polymer degradation products directly from a polyester-based coil coating was achieved by liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA) coupled to a triple quadrupole QTRAP® 5500 mass spectrometer. The detection of TINUVIN®123 and melamine was confirmed by the characteristic fragmentation pattern observed in LESA-MS/MS spectra that was identical to that reported for authentic samples. RESULTS Analysis of an unstabilised coil coating by LESA-MS after exposure to 4 years of outdoor field testing revealed the presence of melamine (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) as a polymer degradation product at elevated levels. Changes to the physical appearance of the coil coating, including powder-like deposits on the coating's surface, were observed to coincide with melamine deposits and are indicative of the phenomenon known as polymer 'blooming'. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, in situ detection of analytes from a thermoset polymer coating was accomplished without any sample preparation, providing advantages over traditional extraction-analysis approaches and some contemporary ambient MS methods. Detection of HALS and polymer degradation products such as melamine provides insight into the mechanisms by which degradation occurs and suggests LESA-MS is a powerful new tool for polymer analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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Paine MRL, Barker PJ, Blanksby SJ. Desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry reveals in situ modification of a hindered amine light stabiliser resulting from direct N–OR bond cleavage. Analyst 2011; 136:904-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Lowe TA, Paine MRL, Marshall DL, Hick LA, Boge JA, Barker PJ, Blanksby SJ. Structural identification of hindered amine light stabilisers in coil coatings using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2010; 45:486-495. [PMID: 20301088 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hindered amine light stabilisers (HALS) are the most effective antioxidants currently available for polymer systems in post-production, in-service applications, yet the mechanism of their action is still not fully understood. Structural characterisation of HALS in polymer matrices, particularly the identification of structural modifications brought about by oxidative conditions, is critical to aid mechanistic understanding of the prophylactic effects of these molecules. In this work, electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) was applied to the analysis of a suite of commercially available 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-based HALS. Fragmentation mechanisms for the [M + H](+) ions are proposed, which provide a rationale for the product ions observed in the MS/MS and MS(3) mass spectra of N-H, N-CH(3), N-C(O)CH(3) and N-OR containing HALS (where R is an alkyl substituent). A common product ion at m/z 123 was identified for the group of antioxidants containing N-H, N-CH(3) or N-C(O)CH(3) functionality, and this product ion was employed in precursor ion scans on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer to identify the HALS species present in a crude extract from of a polyester-based coil coating. Using MS/MS, two degradation products were unambiguously identified. This technique provides a simple and selective approach to monitoring HALS structures within complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy A Lowe
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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McAnoy AM, Williams J, Paine MRL, Rogers ML, Blanksby SJ. Ion−Molecule Reactions of O,S-Dimethyl Methylphosphonothioate: Evidence for Intramolecular Sulfur Oxidation during VX Perhydrolysis. J Org Chem 2009; 74:9319-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901944p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. McAnoy
- Human Protection and Performance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Victoria 3207, Australia
| | - Jilliarne Williams
- Human Protection and Performance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Victoria 3207, Australia
| | - Martin R. L. Paine
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Michael L. Rogers
- Human Protection and Performance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Victoria 3207, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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Paine MRL, Kirk BB, Ellis-Steinborner S, Blanksby SJ. Fragmentation pathways of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane cations in the gas phase. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2009; 23:2867-2877. [PMID: 19670345 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB) is an explosive taggant added to plastic explosives during manufacture making them more susceptible to vapour-phase detection systems. In this study, the formation and detection of gas-phase [M+H](+), [M+Li](+), [M+NH(4)](+) and [M+Na](+) adducts of DMNB was achieved using electrospray ionisation on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The [M+H](+) ion abundance was found to have a strong dependence on ion source temperature, decreasing markedly at source temperatures above 50 degrees C. In contrast, the [M+Na](+) ion demonstrated increasing ion abundance at source temperatures up to 105 degrees C. The relative susceptibility of DMNB adduct ions toward dissociation was investigated by collision-induced dissociation. Probable structures of product ions and mechanisms for unimolecular dissociation have been inferred based on fragmentation patterns from tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra of source-formed ions of normal and isotopically labelled DMNB, and quantum chemical calculations. Both thermal and collisional activation studies suggest that the [M+Na](+) adduct ions are significantly more stable toward dissociation than their protonated analogues and, as a consequence, the former provide attractive targets for detection by contemporary rapid screening methods such as desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW, 2522, Australia
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