1
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Andrews LD, Kane TR, Dozzo P, Haglund CM, Hilderbrandt DJ, Linsell MS, Machajewski T, McEnroe G, Serio AW, Wlasichuk KB, Neau DB, Pakhomova S, Waldrop GL, Sharp M, Pogliano J, Cirz RT, Cohen F. Optimization and Mechanistic Characterization of Pyridopyrimidine Inhibitors of Bacterial Biotin Carboxylase. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7489-7505. [PMID: 31306011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge for new antibiotic discovery is predicting the physicochemical properties that enable small molecules to permeate Gram-negative bacterial membranes. We have applied physicochemical lessons from previous work to redesign and improve the antibacterial potency of pyridopyrimidine inhibitors of biotin carboxylase (BC) by up to 64-fold and 16-fold against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Antibacterial and enzyme potency assessments in the presence of an outer membrane-permeabilizing agent or in efflux-compromised strains indicate that penetration and efflux properties of many redesigned BC inhibitors could be improved to various extents. Spontaneous resistance to the improved pyridopyrimidine inhibitors in P. aeruginosa occurs at very low frequencies between 10-8 and 10-9. However, resistant isolates had alarmingly high minimum inhibitory concentration shifts (16- to >128-fold) compared to the parent strain. Whole-genome sequencing of resistant isolates revealed that either BC target mutations or efflux pump overexpression can lead to the development of high-level resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan D Andrews
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Timothy R Kane
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Paola Dozzo
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Cat M Haglund
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Darin J Hilderbrandt
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Martin S Linsell
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Timothy Machajewski
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Glen McEnroe
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Alisa W Serio
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Kenneth B Wlasichuk
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - David B Neau
- Northeastern Collaborative Access Team , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Svetlana Pakhomova
- Department of Biological Sciences , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Grover L Waldrop
- Department of Biological Sciences , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Marc Sharp
- Linnaeus Bioscience Inc. , 3210 Merryfield Row , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - Joe Pogliano
- Linnaeus Bioscience Inc. , 3210 Merryfield Row , San Diego , California 92121 , United States.,University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla, San Diego , California 92093 , United States
| | - Ryan T Cirz
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Frederick Cohen
- Former employee of Achaogen Inc. , 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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2
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Cohen F, Aggen JB, Andrews LD, Assar Z, Boggs J, Choi T, Dozzo P, Easterday AN, Haglund CM, Hildebrandt DJ, Holt MC, Joly K, Jubb A, Kamal Z, Kane TR, Konradi AW, Krause KM, Linsell MS, Machajewski TD, Miroshnikova O, Moser HE, Nieto V, Phan T, Plato C, Serio AW, Seroogy J, Shakhmin A, Stein AJ, Sun AD, Sviridov S, Wang Z, Wlasichuk K, Yang W, Zhou X, Zhu H, Cirz RT. Optimization of LpxC Inhibitors for Antibacterial Activity and Cardiovascular Safety. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1560-1572. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Cohen
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - James B. Aggen
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Logan D. Andrews
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Zahra Assar
- Cayman Chemical Co. 1180 East Ellsworth Ann Arbor MI 48108 USA
| | - Jen Boggs
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Taylor Choi
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Paola Dozzo
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | - Cat M. Haglund
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | - Melissa C. Holt
- Cayman Chemical Co. 1180 East Ellsworth Ann Arbor MI 48108 USA
| | - Kristin Joly
- Plato BioPharma Inc. 7581 West 103rd Avenue, Unit 300 Westminster CO 80021 USA
| | - Adrian Jubb
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Zeeshan Kamal
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Timothy R. Kane
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | - Kevin M. Krause
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Martin S. Linsell
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | | | - Heinz E. Moser
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Vincent Nieto
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Thu Phan
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Craig Plato
- Plato BioPharma Inc. 7581 West 103rd Avenue, Unit 300 Westminster CO 80021 USA
| | - Alisa W. Serio
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Julie Seroogy
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Anton Shakhmin
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Adam J. Stein
- Cayman Chemical Co. 1180 East Ellsworth Ann Arbor MI 48108 USA
| | - Alex D. Sun
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | | | - Zhan Wang
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Kenneth Wlasichuk
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Wen Yang
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Pharmaron Inc. 6 Tai-He Road, BDA Beijing 100176 China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Nanosyn Inc. 3100 Central Expressway Santa Clara CA 95051 USA
| | - Ryan T. Cirz
- Achaogen Inc. 1 Tower Place, Suite 400 South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
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3
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Wagman AS, Cirz R, McEnroe G, Aggen J, Linsell MS, Goldblum AA, Lopez S, Gomez M, Miller G, Simons LJ, Belliotti TR, Harris CR, Poel TJ, Melnick MJ, Gaston RD, Moser HE. Cover Feature: Synthesis and Microbiological Evaluation of Novel Tetracyclic Fluoroquinolones (ChemMedChem 20/2017). ChemMedChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan S. Wagman
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- 3-V Biosciences; 3715 Haven Avenue, Suite 220 Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | - Ryan Cirz
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Glenn McEnroe
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research; 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
| | - James Aggen
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Revolution Medicines; 700 Saginaw Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Martin S. Linsell
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Dice Molecules; 220 Penobscot Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Adam A. Goldblum
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Dice Molecules; 220 Penobscot Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Sara Lopez
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research; 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
| | - Marcela Gomez
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Emery Pharma; 1000 Atlantic Avenue, Suite 110 Alameda CA 94501 USA
| | - George Miller
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | | | | | - Toni-Jo Poel
- Kalexsyn; 4502 Campus Drive Kalamazoo MI 49008 USA
| | | | | | - Heinz E. Moser
- Achaogen, Inc.; 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research; 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
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4
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Wagman AS, Cirz R, McEnroe G, Aggen J, Linsell MS, Goldblum AA, Lopez S, Gomez M, Miller G, Simons LJ, Belliotti TR, Harris CR, Poel T, Melnick MJ, Gaston RD, Moser HE. Synthesis and Microbiological Evaluation of Novel Tetracyclic Fluoroquinolones. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1687-1692. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan S. Wagman
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- 3-V Biosciences 3715 Haven Avenue, Suite 220 Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | - Ryan Cirz
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Glenn McEnroe
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
| | - James Aggen
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Revolution Medicines 700 Saginaw Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Martin S. Linsell
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Dice Molecules 220 Penobscot Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Adam A. Goldblum
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Dice Molecules 220 Penobscot Drive Redwood City CA 94063 USA
| | - Sara Lopez
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
| | - Marcela Gomez
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Emery Pharma 1000 Atlantic Avenue, Suite 110 Alameda CA 94501 USA
| | - George Miller
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | | | | | | | - Toni‐Jo Poel
- Kalexsyn 4502 Campus Drive Kalamazoo MI 49008 USA
| | | | | | - Heinz E. Moser
- Achaogen, Inc. 1 Tower Place South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research 5300 Chiron Way Emeryville CA 94608 USA
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5
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Maianti JP, Kanazawa H, Dozzo P, Matias RD, Feeney LA, Armstrong ES, Hildebrandt DJ, Kane TR, Gliedt MJ, Goldblum AA, Linsell MS, Aggen JB, Kondo J, Hanessian S. Toxicity modulation, resistance enzyme evasion, and A-site X-ray structure of broad-spectrum antibacterial neomycin analogs. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2067-73. [PMID: 25019242 DOI: 10.1021/cb5003416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are pseudosaccharides decorated with ammonium groups that are critical for their potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Despite over three decades of speculation whether or not modulation of pKa is a viable strategy to curtail aminoglycoside kidney toxicity, there is a lack of methods to systematically probe amine-RNA interactions and resultant cytotoxicity trends. This study reports the first series of potent aminoglycoside antibiotics harboring fluorinated N1-hydroxyaminobutyryl acyl (HABA) appendages for which fluorine-RNA contacts are revealed through an X-ray cocrystal structure within the RNA A-site. Cytotoxicity in kidney-derived cells was significantly reduced for the derivative featuring our novel β,β-difluoro-HABA group, which masks one net charge by lowering the pKa without compromising antibacterial potency. This novel side-chain assists in evasion of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and it can be easily transferred to impart these properties onto any number of novel analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Maianti
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C3J7, Canada
| | - Hiroki Kanazawa
- Department
of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paola Dozzo
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rowena D. Matias
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lee Ann Feeney
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eliana S. Armstrong
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Darin J. Hildebrandt
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Timothy R. Kane
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Micah J. Gliedt
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Adam A. Goldblum
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Martin S. Linsell
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James B. Aggen
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court,
Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jiro Kondo
- Department
of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C3J7, Canada
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6
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McKinnell RM, Klein U, Linsell MS, Moran EJ, Nodwell MB, Pfeiffer JW, Thomas GR, Yu C, Jacobsen JR. Discovery of TD-4306, a long-acting β2-agonist for the treatment of asthma and COPD. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2871-6. [PMID: 24835980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A multivalent approach focused on amine-based secondary binding groups was applied to the discovery of long-acting inhaled β2-agonists. Addition of amine moieties to the neutral secondary binding group of an existing β2-agonist series was found to provide improved in vivo efficacy, but also led to the formation of biologically active aldehyde metabolites which were viewed as a risk for the development of these compounds. Structural simplification of the scaffold and blocking the site of metabolism to prevent aldehyde formation afforded a potent series of dibasic β2-agonists with improved duration of action relative to their monobasic analogs. Additional optimization led to the discovery of 29 (TD-4306), a potent and selective β2-agonist with potential for once-daily dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Murray McKinnell
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Uwe Klein
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Martin S Linsell
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Edmund J Moran
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Matthew B Nodwell
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - G Roger Thomas
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Cecile Yu
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - John R Jacobsen
- Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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7
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Hanessian S, Giguère A, Grzyb J, Maianti JP, Saavedra OM, Aggen JB, Linsell MS, Goldblum AA, Hildebrandt DJ, Kane TR, Dozzo P, Gliedt MJ, Matias RD, Feeney LA, Armstrong ES. Toward Overcoming Staphylococcus aureus Aminoglycoside Resistance Mechanisms with a Functionally Designed Neomycin Analogue. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:924-8. [PMID: 24900282 DOI: 10.1021/ml200202y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxygenation of the diol groups in rings A and D of neomycin in combination with the introduction of an N1-(l)-HABA group in the 2-deoxystreptamine subunit (ring B) leads to a novel and potent antibiotic (1) with activity against strains of S. aureus carrying known aminoglycoside resistance determinants, as well as against an extended panel of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates (n = 50). Antibiotic 1 displayed >64 fold improvement in MIC50 and MIC90 against this MRSA collection when compared to the clinically relevant aminoglycosides amikacin and gentamicin. The synthesis was achieved in six steps and 15% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alexandre Giguère
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Justyna Grzyb
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Maianti
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Oscar M. Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - James B. Aggen
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Martin S. Linsell
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Adam A. Goldblum
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Darin J. Hildebrandt
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Timothy R. Kane
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paola Dozzo
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Micah J. Gliedt
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rowena D. Matias
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lee Ann Feeney
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eliana S. Armstrong
- Achaogen Inc., 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 371, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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8
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Long DD, Aggen JB, Christensen BG, Judice JK, Hegde SS, Kaniga K, Krause KM, Linsell MS, Moran EJ, Pace JL. A multivalent approach to drug discovery for novel antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2009; 61:595-602. [PMID: 19168973 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2008.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel glycopeptide/beta-lactam heterodimers is reported. Employing a multivalent approach to drug discovery, vancomycin and cephalosporin synthons, A and B respectively, were chemically linked to yield heterodimer antibiotics. These novel compounds were designed to inhibit Gram-positive bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by simultaneously targeting the principal cellular targets of both glycopeptides and beta-lactams. The antibiotics 8a-f displayed remarkable potency against a wide range of Gram-positive organisms including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Compound 8e demonstrated excellent bactericidal activity against MRSA (ATCC 33591) and initial evidence supports a multivalent mechanism of action for this important new class of antibiotic.
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9
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Leadbetter MR, Adams SM, Bazzini B, Fatheree PR, Karr DE, Krause KM, Lam BMT, Linsell MS, Nodwell MB, Pace JL, Quast K, Shaw JP, Soriano E, Trapp SG, Villena JD, Wu TX, Christensen BG, Judice JK. Hydrophobic Vancomycin Derivatives with Improved ADME Properties: Discovery of Telavancin (TD-6424). J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2004; 57:326-36. [PMID: 15303493 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.57.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel derivatives of N-decylaminoethylvancomycin (2), containing appended hydrophilic groups were synthesized and their antibacterial activity and ADME properties were evaluated. The compounds were prepared by reacting amines with the C-terminus (C-) of 2 using PyBOP mediated amide formation, or with the resorcinol-like (R-) position of 2 using a Mannich aminomethylation reaction. These analogs retained the antibacterial activity of 2 against methicillin-resistant staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Compounds with a negatively charged auxiliary group also exhibited improved ADME properties relative to 2. In particular, R-phosphonomethylaminomethyl derivative 21 displayed good in vitro antibacterial activity, high urinary recovery and low distribution to liver and kidney tissues. Based on these results, 21 was advanced into development as TD-6424, and is currently in human clinical trials. The generic name telavancin has recently been approved for compound 21.
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10
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Griffin JH, Linsell MS, Nodwell MB, Chen Q, Pace JL, Quast KL, Krause KM, Farrington L, Wu TX, Higgins DL, Jenkins TE, Christensen BG, Judice JK. Multivalent drug design. Synthesis and in vitro analysis of an array of vancomycin dimers. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:6517-31. [PMID: 12785792 DOI: 10.1021/ja021273s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and in vitro microbiological analysis of an array of forty covalently linked vancomycin dimers are reported. This work was undertaken to systematically probe the impact of linkage orientation and linker length on biological activity against susceptible and drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens. To prepare the array, monomeric vancomycin synthons were linked through four distinct positions of the glycopeptide (C-terminus (C), N-terminus (N), vancosamine residue (V), and resorcinol ring (R)) in 10 unique pairwise combinations. Amphiphilic, peptide-based linkers of four different lengths (11, 19, 27, and 43 total atoms) were employed. Both linkage orientation and linker length were found to affect in vitro antibacterial potency. The V-V series displayed the greatest potency against vancomycin-susceptible organisms and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) of VanB phenotype, while the C-C, C-V, and V-R series displayed the most promising broad-spectrum activity that included VRE of VanA phenotype. Dimers bearing the shortest linkers were in all cases preferred for activity against VRE. The effects of linkage orientation and linker length on in vitro potency were not uniform; for example, (1) no single compound displayed activity that was superior against all test organisms to that of vancomycin or the other dimers, (2) linker length effects varied with test organism, and (3) whereas one-half of the dimers were more potent than vancomycin against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), only one dimer was more potent against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and glycopeptide-intermediate susceptible S. aureus (GISA). In interpreting the results, we have considered the potential roles of multivalency and of other phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Griffin
- Contribution from Theravance, Inc., 901 Gateway Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
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11
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Arai E, Tokuyama H, Linsell MS, Fukuyama T. 2-(2-Aminophenyl)-acetaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal: A Novel Reagent for the Protection of Carboxylic Acids. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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