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Schurmann G, Zweifel M, Giger R, Rau TT, Vinzens S, Dettmer MS, Kurian Y. Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Producing Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In Vivo 2021; 35:1785-1790. [PMID: 33910863 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT We report on the case of a 47-year old woman with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing relapsed oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer. Palliative immunotherapy with nivolumab was started. Absolute neutrophilic count increased during the course of immunotherapy and correlated with tumour progression. Under chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel, dramatic tumour regression and decreasing absolute neutrophilic count were noted. G-CSF concentration in serum increased from 4.77 to 9.61 pg/ml during the final phase of tumour progression. Immunohistochemical staining of the initial biopsies showed that some of the tumour cells as well as infiltrating cells stained positively for G-CSF, and some of the tumour cells even stained positively for the G-CSF receptor. CONCLUSION Leukaemoid reaction in malignant disease with increased neutrophilic granulocytes has been shown to correlate with dismal prognosis in other tumours. The role of G-CSF in progression and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas is still unclear but in patients with these tumours there seems also to be a correlation between elevated G-CSF and poor prognosis. Further systematic evaluation of G-CSF secretion in this tumour entity should clarify the role and potential treatment possibilities for these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biel-Bienne, Switzerland;
| | - Roland Giger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tilman T Rau
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yojena Kurian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biel-Bienne, Switzerland
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2
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Fehr M, Hawle H, Hayoz S, Thuss-Patience P, Schacher S, Riera Knorrenschild J, Dürr D, Knoefel WT, Rumpold H, Bitzer M, Zweifel M, Samaras P, Mey U, Küng M, Winterhalder R, Eisterer W, Hess V, Gérard MA, Templeton A, Stahl M, Ruhstaller T. High thromboembolic event rate in patients with locally advanced oesophageal cancer during neoadjuvant therapy. An exploratory analysis of the prospective, randomised intergroup phase III trial SAKK 75/08. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:166. [PMID: 32111181 PMCID: PMC7048062 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High rates of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), mainly in advanced disease, are reported for patients with cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract (stomach, pancreas) and for treatment with cisplatin. Methods Exploratory analysis of VTEs reported as adverse events and serious adverse events in a prospective, randomised, multicentre, multimodal phase III trial according to VTEs reported as adverse events and severe adverse events. Patients with resectable oesophageal cancer (T2N1–3, T3-4aNx) were randomized to 2 cycles of chemotherapy with docetaxel 75 mg/m2, cisplatin 75 mg/m2 followed by chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) and subsequent surgery (control arm) or the same treatment with addition of cetuximab (investigational arm). Results VTEs occurred in 26 of 300 patients included in the trial, resulting in an incidence rate (IR) of 8.7% [95% CI 5.7–12.4%]. A total of 29 VTEs were reported:13 (45%) VTEs were grade 2, 13 (45%) grade 3 and three (10%) fatal grade 5 events. 72% (21/29) of all VTEs occurred preoperatively (IR 6.7%): 14% (4/29) during chemotherapy and 59% (17/29) during CRT. In multivariable logistic regression only adenocarcinoma (IR 11.1%, 21/189 patients) compared to squamous cell cancer (IR 4.5%, 5/111 patients) was significantly associated with VTE-risk during treatment, OR 2.9 [95%CI 1.0–8.4], p = 0.046. Baseline Khorana risk score was 0 in 73% (19/26), 1–2 in 23% (6/26) and 3 in only 4% (1/26) of patients with VTEs. Conclusion A high incidence of VTEs during preoperative therapy of resectable oesophageal cancer is observed in this analysis, especially in patients with adenocarcinoma. The role of prophylactic anticoagulation during neoadjuvant therapy in resectable esophageal cancer should be further evaluated in prospective clinical trials. According to our data, which are in line with other analysis of VTE-risk in patients with oesophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy and CRT, prophylactic anticoagluation could be considered balanced against individual bleeding risks, especially in patients with adenocarcinoma. In addition to the established risk factors, oesophageal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based therapy may be regarded as a high-risk situation for VTEs. Trial registration Registered at clinicaltrials.gov,NCT01107639, on 21 April 2010,
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fehr
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Donat Dürr
- Stadtspital Triemli, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Holger Rumpold
- Krankenhaus der barmherzigen Schwestern, Linz, Austria.,Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Mey
- Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Marc Küng
- Hôpital Fribourgeois, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Ruhstaller
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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von Moos R, Hawle H, Hayoz S, Cathomas R, Müller A, Schmid S, Pagani O, Wehrhahn T, Rauch D, Anchisi S, Hermanns T, Fehr M, Stoll S, Bützberger P, Zweifel M, Huber U, Fuhrer A, Schär C, Gillessen S, Templeton A. Incidence of hypocalcemia in a non-inferiority phase III trial assessing prevention of symptomatic skeletal events (SSE) with denosumab (DN) administered every 4 weeks (q4w) versus every 12 weeks (q12w): SAKK 96/12 (REDUSE). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy300.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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4
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Zweifel M, Thürlimann B, Riniker S, Weder P, von Moos R, Pagani O, Bigler M, Rothgiesser KM, Pilop C, Hawle H, Brauchli P, Tapia C, Schoenfeld W, Sessa C. Phase I trial of the androgen receptor modulator CR1447 in breast cancer patients. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:549-556. [PMID: 28814476 PMCID: PMC5606553 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CR1447 (4-hydroxytestosterone, 4-OHT) binds to the androgen receptor and has antiproliferative activity in both ER-positive and ER-negative/AR-positive breast cancer cells in preclinical studies. The objective of this first-in man trial was to evaluate the safety and to determine the dose of CR1447, administered as an ointment, for Phase II. Escalating doses (100, 200, 400 mg) of CR1447 were administered topically on a daily basis to patients with ER-positive/AR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer pretreated with several lines of therapy. 14 patients have been treated for a total of 42 cycles. Two patients, one at dose level 100 mg and one at dose level 200 mg, showed early tumour progression and were replaced. Related adverse events were all ≤ grade 2 and included fatigue, bone and joint pain, stiffness, dry skin and mouth, nausea, sweating, urinary tract infection, rash, headache and distress. No drug-related dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were seen. Two patients (17%) achieved stable disease at 3 months. Pharmacokinetic analysis confirmed dose-dependent transdermal uptake of CR1447. 4-OH-androstenedione (4-OHA), a key metabolite of 4-OHT, was undetectable in most of the plasma samples. Urine metabolites of 4-OHT and 4-OHA indicate high exposure of 4-OHT after topical administration. Oestradiol serum concentrations did not increase, confirming preclinical data that CR1447 is not converted to estrogens in vivo In conclusion, CR1447 administered transdermally as an ointment is well tolerated and appears to have single-agent activity in heavily pretreated ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer patients. The recommended phase II dose is 400 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical OncologyUniversity Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beat Thürlimann
- Breast Centre St. GallenKantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Salome Riniker
- Breast Centre St. GallenKantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Weder
- Breast Centre St. GallenKantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivia Pagani
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera ItalianaBellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Coya Tapia
- Institute of PathologyUniversity of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Cristiana Sessa
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera ItalianaBellinzona, Switzerland
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5
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Fehr M, Hawle H, Hayoz S, Thuss-Patience P, Schacher S, Riera Knorrenschild J, Dürr D, Knoefel W, Rumpold H, Bitzer M, Zweifel M, Samaras P, Mey U, Winterhalden R, Kueng M, Eisterer W, Hess V, Gerard MA, Stahl M, Ruhstaller T. High thromboembolic event rate in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer during perioperative therapy: A pre-planned analysis of the intergroup phase III trial SAKK 75/08. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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6
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Scherz A, Feller K, Berezowska S, Genitsch V, Zweifel M. Successful Treatment of Pituitary Germinoma with Etoposide, Cisplatin, Vincristine, Methotrexate and Bleomycin Chemotherapy Without Radiotherapy. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:3111-3115. [PMID: 28551652 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report on the case of a 25-year-old man with pituitary germinoma. The patient had noticed polydipsia, reduced sexual function, and loss of body hair. Laboratory investigations confirmed panhypopituitarism including diabetes insipidus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a 14×8.4 mm enhancing lesion of the pituitary stalk and histopathology of the neurosurgical biopsy confirmed pituitary germinoma. The patient was treated with 3 cycles of chemotherapy, consisting of 150 mg/m2 etoposide and 75 mg/m2 cisplatin, with the administration of intrathecal 12.5 mg methotrexate, on day one, alternating every 10 to 11 days with 1 mg/m2 vincristine, 1,000 mg/m2 methotrexate on day 1 and 30 mg/m2 bleomycin on day 2. MRI scans showed lasting complete remission more than a year after completion of chemotherapy. Intracranial germinomas are exquisitely sensitive to radiation. However, due to concerns of side-effects (radiation-associated tumour, relapse outside the radiation field, mental and pituitary hormonal dysfunction), and after discussing both approaches carefully with the patient, the decision was made to treat his pituitary germinoma with chemotherapy alone. Further studies should address the question as to whether a modulated approach, using radiotherapy only as a salvage in patients with relapse, might result in a better overall outcome, given the potentially harmful long-term side-effects of radiotherapy to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Scherz
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Feller
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Vera Genitsch
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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7
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Richani M, Kolly P, Knoepfli M, Herrmann E, Zweifel M, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Candinas D, Dufour JF. Treatment allocation in hepatocellular carcinoma: Assessment of the BCLC algorithm. Ann Hepatol 2016; 15:82-90. [PMID: 26626644 DOI: 10.5604/16652681.1184233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system is the algorithm most widely used to manage patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the extent to which the BCLC recommendations effectively guide clinical practice and assess the reasons for any deviation from the recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The first-line treatments assigned to patients included in the prospective Bern HCC cohort were analyzed. RESULTS Among 223 patients included in the cohort, 116 were not treated according to the BCLC algorithm. Eighty percent of the patients in BCLC stage 0 (very early HCC) and 60% of the patients in BCLC stage A (early HCC) received recommended curative treatment. Only 29% of the BCLC stage B patients (intermediate HCC) and 33% of the BCLC stage C patients (advanced HCC) were treated according to the algorithm. Eighty-nine percent of the BCLC stage D patients (terminal HCC) were treated with best supportive care, as recommended. In 98 patients (44%) the performance status was disregarded in the stage assignment. CONCLUSION The management of HCC in clinical practice frequently deviates from the BCLC recommendations. Most of the curative therapy options, which have well-defined selection criteria, were allocated according to the recommendations, while the majority of the palliative therapy options were assigned to patients with tumor stages not aligned with the recommendations. The only parameter which is subjective in the algorithm, the performance status, is also the least respected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Richani
- Hepatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Philippe Kolly
- Hepatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Marina Knoepfli
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Herrmann
- University Clinic for Radio-oncology, Inselspital, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Martin Zweifel
- Department of Oncology, Inselspital, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk
- University Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern. Switzerland
| | - Daniel Candinas
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern. Switzerland
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8
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Grogg A, Trippel M, Pfaltz K, Lädrach C, Droeser RA, Cihoric N, Salhia B, Zweifel M, Tapia C. Androgen receptor status is highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:872. [PMID: 26552477 PMCID: PMC4640208 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the advent of new and more efficient anti-androgen drugs targeting androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer (BC) is becoming an increasingly important area of investigation. This would potentially be most useful in triple negative BC (TNBC), where better therapies are still needed. The assessment of AR status is generally performed on the primary tumor even if the tumor has already metastasized. Very little is known regarding discrepancies of AR status during tumor progression. To determine the prevalence of AR positivity, with emphasis on TNBCs, and to investigate AR status during tumor progression, we evaluated a large series of primary BCs and matching metastases and recurrences. Methods AR status was performed on 356 primary BCs, 135 matching metastases, and 12 recurrences using a next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA). A commercially available AR antibody was used to determine AR-status by immunohistochemistry. AR positivity was defined as any nuclear staining in tumor cells ≥1 %. AR expression was correlated with pathological tumor features of the primary tumor. Additionally, the concordance rate of AR expression between the different tumor sites was determined. Results AR status was positive in: 87 % (307/353) of primary tumors, 86.1 % (105/122) of metastases, and in 66.7 % (8/12) of recurrences. TNBC tested positive in 11.4 %, (4/35) of BCs. A discrepant result was seen in 4.3 % (5/117) of primary BC and matching lymph node (LN) metastases. Three AR negative primary BCs were positive in the matching LN metastasis, representing 17.6 % of all negative BCs with lymph node metastases (3/17). Two AR positive primary BCs were negative in the matching LN metastasis, representing 2.0 % of all AR positive BCs with LN metastases (2/100). No discrepancies were seen between primary BC and distant metastases or recurrence (n = 17). Conclusions Most primary (87 %) and metastasized (86.1 %) BCs are AR positive including a significant fraction of TNBCs (11.4 %). Further, AR status is highly conserved during tumor progression and a change only occurs in a small fraction (4.1 %). Our study supports the notion that targeting AR could be effective for many BC patients and that re-testing of AR status in formerly negative or mixed type BC’s is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Grogg
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Mafalda Trippel
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Katrin Pfaltz
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Claudia Lädrach
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Raoul A Droeser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Nikola Cihoric
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, USA.
| | - Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. .,University Cancer Center, Breast Center, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Coya Tapia
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,University Cancer Center, Breast Center, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Life Science Plaza, 2130 W. Holcombe, Blvd. Unit 2951, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Grogg A, Pfaltz K, Lädrach C, Cihoric N, Zweifel M, Tapia CFM. Abstract 5173: Androgen receptor status is highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Many clinical trails are ongoing targeting androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer (BC). Anti-androgen therapy is increasingly accepted in BC patients since the new compounds have less androgenic side effects. The assessment of AR status is generally performed on the primary tumor even when treating metastatic disease. To the best of our knowledge, nothing is known regarding discrepancies of AR status between the primary tumor and the metastatic site. Therefore, we investigated AR status on a large cohort of primary BCs and matched metastases.
Method: A next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA) was constructed harboring 356 primary BCs, 133 matched metastases and 11 recurrences. A commercially available monoclonal AR antibody (DAKO) was used to evaluate AR-Status by immunohistochemistry. AR positivity was defined as ≥1% of nuclear staining in tumor cells. The results of the primary tumor and metastases/recurrences were compared. Additionally, the results of AR status were correlated with other pathological tumor features.
Result: AR could be evaluated in 353/356 (99.2%) of primary BCs and a positivity was detected in 307 (87%). A discordant result was seen in 4.3% metastasized BC's with informative results (5/117). Three negative BCs were positive in the metastases representing 16.7% of all negative BCs with informative results (3/18). Two BCs were positive in the primary and negative in the metastases representing 2.0% of all positive BCs with metastases and informative results (2/99). No discrepancies were seen between primary and loco-regional recurrences. Further, AR expression was significantly correlated with a positive estrogen (p<0.001) and progesterone receptor (p<0.001) status and a low proliferation (≤15%) (p<0.001). Negative AR status was significantly (p<0.001) associated with a higher tumor grade. Triple negative BCs were in 11.4% AR positive (4/35).
Conclusion: AR positivity is frequent in primary BCs (87%) and AR status is highly conserved during tumor progression. In a small fraction AR status changes (4.3%) either from positive to negative status or vise versa. However, even AR status is highly preserved we would recommend reevaluation of the metastatic site in negative BC's since a positive AR status can be seen in 16.7% of this subgroup.
Citation Format: André Grogg, Katrin Pfaltz, Claudia Lädrach, Nikola Cihoric, Martin Zweifel, Coya F. M. Tapia. Androgen receptor status is highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5173. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5173
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Affiliation(s)
- André Grogg
- 1University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Pfaltz
- 1University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Switzerland
| | | | - Nikola Cihoric
- 2University Hospital/Inselspital Bern, Department of Raiation Oncology, Switzerland
| | - Martin Zweifel
- 3University Hospital/Inselspital Bern, Department of Medical Oncology, Switzerland
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Lohri C, Schaltegger CSH, VAN DEN Broek M, Wenger RH, Ruegg C, Fink D, Fehr MK, Knuth A, Zweifel M. Neutrophil expression of ICAM1, CXCR1, and VEGFR1 in patients with breast cancer before and after adjuvant chemotherapy. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:4693-4699. [PMID: 25202046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct populations of neutrophils have been identified based on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1, CD54) and chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1, interleukin 8 receptor α). AIM We analyzed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), a physiological negative regulator of angiogenesis, on distinct populations of neutrophils from the blood of patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Neutrophil populations were distinguished as reverse transmigrated (ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low)), naïve (ICAM1(low)/CXCR1(high)), or tissue-resident neutrophils (ICAM1(low)/CXCR1(low)), and their VEGFR1 expression quantified. RESULTS Reverse transmigrated ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low) neutrophilic granulocytes decreased significantly after chemotherapy and these were also the cells with highest mean fluorescence intensity for VEGFR1. CONCLUSION Chemotherapy mainly reduces the number of reverse transmigrated long-lived ICAM1(high)/CXCR1(low) VEGFR1-expressing neutrophils. The decrease of antiangiogenic VEGFR1 may have a potential impact on tumour angiogenesis in patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Curzio Ruegg
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Fink
- Department of Gynaecology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias K Fehr
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Frauenfeld General Hospital, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Knuth
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Stenner F, Liewen H, Göttig S, Henschler R, Markuly N, Kleber S, Faust M, Mischo A, Bauer S, Zweifel M, Knuth A, Renner C, Wadle A. RP1 is a phosphorylation target of CK2 and is involved in cell adhesion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67595. [PMID: 23844040 PMCID: PMC3701075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RP1 (synonym: MAPRE2, EB2) is a member of the microtubule binding EB1 protein family, which interacts with APC, a key regulatory molecule in the Wnt signalling pathway. While the other EB1 proteins are well characterized the cellular function and regulation of RP1 remain speculative to date. However, recently RP1 has been implicated in pancreatic cancerogenesis. CK2 is a pleiotropic kinase involved in adhesion, proliferation and anti-apoptosis. Overexpression of protein kinase CK2 is a hallmark of many cancers and supports the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. In this study we investigate the interaction of protein kinase CK2 with RP1 and demonstrate that CK2 phosphorylates RP1 at Ser236 in vitro. Stable RP1 expression in cell lines leads to a significant cleavage and down-regulation of N-cadherin and impaired adhesion. Cells expressing a Phospho-mimicking point mutant RP1-ASP236 show a marked decrease of adhesion to endothelial cells under shear stress. Inversely, we found that the cells under shear stress downregulate endogenous RP1, most likely to improve cellular adhesion. Accordingly, when RP1 expression is suppressed by shRNA, cells lacking RP1 display significantly increased cell adherence to surfaces. In summary, RP1 phosphorylation at Ser236 by CK2 seems to play a significant role in cell adhesion and might initiate new insights in the CK2 and EB1 family protein association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Stenner
- Division of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The efficiency of an oncological treatment regimen is often assessed by morphological criteria such as tumour size evaluated by cross-sectional imaging, or by laboratory measurements of plasma biomarkers. Because these types of measures typically allow for assessment of treatment response several weeks or even months after the start of therapy, earlier response assessment that provides insight into tumour function is needed. This is particularly urgent for the evaluation of newer targeted therapies and for fractionated therapies that are delivered over a period of weeks to allow for a change of treatment in non-responding patients. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive imaging tool that does not involve radiation or contrast media, and is sensitive to tissue microstructure and function on a cellular level. DW-MRI parameters have shown sensitivity to treatment response in a growing number of tumour types and organ sites, with additional potential as predictive parameters for treatment outcome. A brief overview of DW-MRI principles is provided here, followed by a review of recent literature in which DW-MRI has been used to monitor and predict tumour response to various therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Bains
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional, and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Nathan P, Zweifel M, Padhani AR, Koh DM, Ng M, Collins DJ, Harris A, Carden C, Smythe J, Fisher N, Taylor NJ, Stirling JJ, Lu SP, Leach MO, Rustin GJS, Judson I. Phase I trial of combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) in combination with bevacizumab in patients with advanced cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3428-39. [PMID: 22645052 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The vascular disrupting agent (VDA) combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) induces significant tumor necrosis as a single agent. Preclinical models have shown that the addition of an anti-VEGF antibody to a VDA attenuates the revascularization of the surviving tumor rim and thus significantly increases antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with advanced solid malignancies received CA4P at 45, 54, or 63 mg/m(2) on day 1, day 8, and then every 14 days. Bevacizumab 10 mg/kg was given on day 8 and at subsequent cycles four hours after CA4P. Functional imaging with dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) was conducted at baseline, after CA4P alone, and after cycle 1 CA4P + bevacizumab. RESULTS A total of 63 mg/m(2) CA4P + 10 mg/kg bevacizumab q14 is the recommended phase II dose. A total of 15 patients were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicities were grade III asymptomatic atrial fibrillation and grade IV liver hemorrhage in a patient with a history of hemorrhage. Most common toxicities were hypertension, headache, lymphopenia, pruritus, and pyrexia. Asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes were seen in five patients. Nine of 14 patients experienced disease stabilization. A patient with ovarian cancer had a CA125 response lasting for more than a year. DCE-MRI showed statistically significant reductions in tumor perfusion/vascular permeability, which reversed after CA4P alone but which were sustained following bevacizumab. Circulating CD34(+) and CD133(+) bone marrow progenitors increased following CA4P as did VEGF and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels. CONCLUSIONS CA4P in combination with bevacizumab appears safe and well tolerated in this dosing schedule. CA4P induced profound vascular changes, which were maintained by the presence of bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Nathan
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre; Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom.
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15
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Patterson DM, Zweifel M, Middleton MR, Price PM, Folkes LK, Stratford MR, Ross P, Halford S, Peters J, Balkissoon J, Chaplin DJ, Padhani AR, Rustin GJ. Phase I Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of the Vascular-Disrupting Agent OXi4503 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:1415-25. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Roux R, Zweifel M, Rustin GJS. Biologicals in the upfront treatment of ovarian cancer: focus on bevacizumab and poly (adp-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2012:340-344. [PMID: 24451760 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2012.32.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biologicals have made a major impact in the management of several cancers, but have hitherto had a negligible impact in ovarian cancer. Fortunately, ovarian cancer has been much more sensitive to cytotoxic chemotherapy than many cancers, so treatments were still available. However, improvements are required as more than 80% of patients who present with advanced ovarian cancer eventually will die as a result of their disease. The antiangiogenic antibody bevacizumab and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib have recently been shown to improve progression-free survival of patients with ovarian cancer with better hazard ratios in certain groups than have been seen previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Roux
- From the Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Zweifel
- From the Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon J S Rustin
- From the Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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17
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Luethy A, Stenner F, Lohri C, Muller C, Samaras P, Steiner R, Van Den Broek M, Mischo A, Renner C, Knuth A, Ruegg C, Wenger RH, Zweifel M. Autologous stem cell transplantation: leukapheresis product has anti-angiogenic effects in vivo correlating with neutrophil-derived VEGFR1. Anticancer Res 2011; 31:3115-3124. [PMID: 21965716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is used for the treatment of hemato-oncologic malignancies. In this study, we measured the effect of HDC/ASCT on plasma concentrations of antiangiogenic soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR1) and of leukapheresis products (LP) and patient serum on chick chorioallantoic (CAM) angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS VEGFR1- and CD34-expressing cells of leukapheresis products were analyzed by flow cytometry. Alternatively spliced isoforms of VEGFR1 mRNA were quantified using reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of sVEGFR1 decreased after HDC, but significantly increased after ASCT. In the CAM assay, sera of patients elicited a proangiogenic effect before and after HDC, but a strong antiangiogenic response after ASCT, comparable to that of bevacizumab at therapeutic concentrations. LP contains high concentrations of sVEGFR1, and high density of VEGFR1(+) neutrophilic granulocytes, in which mRNA expression is shifted toward the soluble VEGFR1 isoform. CONCLUSION Neutrophil-derived antiangiogenic sVEGFR1 within the LP may contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of ASCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Luethy
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Samaras P, Blickenstorfer M, Haile SR, Siciliano RD, Petrausch U, Mischo A, Zweifel M, Honegger H, Schanz U, Stussi G, Taverna C, Bauer S, Knuth A, Stenner-Liewen F, Renner C. Validation of prognostic factors and survival of patients with multiple myeloma in a real-life autologous stem cell transplantation setting: a Swiss single centre experience. Swiss Med Wkly 2011; 141:w13203. [PMID: 21630163 DOI: 10.4414/smw.2011.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PRINCIPLES High-dose chemotherapy with subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an important treatment option in younger patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We analysed the outcome of patients treated at our institution outside the clinical trials framework and tried to identify risk factors prognostic for survival. METHODS Medical histories of the patients were screened for response, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Pre-transplant variables were analysed to identify possible prognostic risk factors. RESULTS Overall, 182 ASCT were performed in 120 patients with MM from 2002 to 2007. Treatment-related mortality (TRM) was 0.5%. Median EFS was 23.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.4-28.4) and median OS was 49.8 months (95%CI: 43.7 - not reached) in the whole patient population. The median OS in patients who received one ASCT was 46.4 months (95%CI: 35.2 - not reached), and 63.7 months (95%CI: 48.9 - not reached) in patients who underwent double ASCT. Patients who already achieved a complete remission (CR) before ASCT had a longer EFS (p = 0.016) than patients without CR. Additionally, patients who achieved a CR after ASCT had a longer EFS (p = 0.0061) and OS (p = 0.0024) than patients without CR. ISS stage <III at first diagnosis strongly correlated with improved EFS (p = 0.0006) and OS (p <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS ASCT is a safe and effective treatment mode in eligible patients with MM. TRM was below average at our institution. Achievement of CR after transplantation was the most valuable predictor for improved overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Samaras
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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19
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Zweifel M, Matozan K, Dahinden C, Schaffner T, Mohacsi P. Eotaxin/CCL11 levels correlate with myocardial fibrosis and mast cell density in native and transplanted rat hearts. Transplant Proc 2011; 42:2763-6. [PMID: 20832583 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myocardial fibrosis contributes to hemodynamic and cardiac functional alterations commonly observed posttransplantation. Cardiac mast cells (MC) have been linked to fibrosis in posttransplantation hearts. Eotaxin, which has been shown to be involved in fibrogenesis, has been demonstrated to be increased in production in cardiac macrophages. The aim of our study was to correlate myocardial fibrosis during heart transplant rejection in the rat with eotaxin/chemokine [c-c motif] ligand 11 (CCL11) expression, and with various subtypes of infiltrating cardiac MC, namely connective-type MC (CTMC) and mucosa-type MC (MMC). METHODS We used tissues from 2 previous studies of ongoing acute rejection in allogeneic Brown-Norway to Lewis rat and an isogeneic Brown-Norway to Brown-Norway heterotopic heart transplantation models under cyclosporin/prednisolone immunosuppression. Collagen fibrils were stained with Masson's trichrome with myocardial fibrosis expressed as percent fibrotic area per total section area. Eotaxin/CCL11 previously measured in heart tissue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was correlated with the extent of myocardial fibrosis. We compared values from native hearts (n = 4) as well as transplants on days 5, 16, and 28 (n = 4 in each group). RESULTS The area of myocardial fibrosis was significantly increased in the allogeneic compared with the isogeneic group at day 16 (38% vs 21%) and at day 28 (49% vs 22%) after transplantation. Myocardial fibrosis correlated significantly with eotaxin/CCL11 concentrations and the density of MMC, but not with CTMC in heart tissue. CONCLUSIONS Eotaxin-triggered MC infiltration of the heart may contribute to myocardial fibrosis after transplantation. Targeting eotaxin/CCL11 with monoclonal antibodies, such as bertilimumab, could reduce MC infiltration, possibly resulting in decreased myocardial fibrosis and improved contractile function after heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zweifel
- Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland.
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20
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Zweifel M, Jayson GC, Reed NS, Osborne R, Hassan B, Ledermann J, Shreeves G, Poupard L, Lu SP, Balkissoon J, Chaplin DJ, Rustin GJS. Phase II trial of combretastatin A4 phosphate, carboplatin, and paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2011; 22:2036-2041. [PMID: 21273348 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous dose-escalation trial of the vascular disrupting agent combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) given before carboplatin, paclitaxel, or both showed responses in 7 of 18 patients with relapsed ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with ovarian cancer that had relapsed and who could start trial therapy within 6 months of their last platinum chemotherapy were given CA4P 63 mg/m(2) minimum 18 h before paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) and carboplatin AUC (area under the concentration curve) 5, repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS Five of the first 18 patients' disease responded, so the study was extended and closed after 44 patients were recruited. Grade ≥2 toxic effects were neutropenia in 75% and thrombocytopenia in 9% of patients (weekly blood counts), tumour pain, fatigue, and neuropathy, with one patient with rapidly reversible ataxia. Hypertension (23% of patients) was controlled by glyceryl trinitrate or prophylactic amlodipine. The response rate by RECIST was 13.5% and by Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup CA 125 criteria 34%. CONCLUSIONS The addition of CA4P to paclitaxel and carboplatin is well tolerated and appears to produce a higher response rate in this patient population than if the chemotherapy was given without CA4P. A planned randomised trial will test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood
| | - G C Jayson
- School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, University of Manchester & Christie Hospital, Manchester
| | - N S Reed
- Beatson Oncology Centre, Western Infirmary, Glasgow
| | - R Osborne
- Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Poole
| | - B Hassan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford
| | - J Ledermann
- UCL Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK & University College of London Cancer Trials Centre, London, UK
| | - G Shreeves
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood
| | - L Poupard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood
| | - S-P Lu
- OXiGENE Inc., San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | - G J S Rustin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood.
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21
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Zweifel M, Padhani AR. Perfusion MRI in the early clinical development of antivascular drugs: decorations or decision making tools? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 37 Suppl 1:S164-82. [PMID: 20461374 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-010-1451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Classically, the first step in the clinical development of drugs in oncology involves assessments of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). New paradigms are needed for antiangiogenic drugs and vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) as they are active at doses well below the MTD and as single agents their use might not translate into anti-tumour efficacy. MRI is able to assess the antivascular effects of antivascular drugs via changes in functional kinetic parameters; however, the usefulness of MRI in decision making has been questioned by many. OBJECTIVES Our aim is to review the experience of using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in early clinical development of vascular directed anticancer therapies over the last decade. Thirty-nine phase I and II studies including data on more than 700 patients have been published as abstracts and/or papers, documenting DCE-MRI changes after the administration of antiangiogenic drugs and VDAs. DISCUSSION Perfusion MRI is helpful in assessing whether mechanistic goals are achieved, in assisting dose selection for phase II studies, in selecting subpopulations enriched for response and in predicting patient benefit. Imaging tools are increasingly available. Future challenges for imaging include correlation with clinical measures of efficacy and determining relationships with blood and serum biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zweifel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, UK
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22
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Zweifel-Schlatter M, Darhouse N, Roblin P, Ross D, Zweifel M, Farhadi J. Immediate Microvascular Breast Reconstruction After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Complication Rates and Effect on Start of Adjuvant Treatment. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:2945-50. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Zweifel M, Patterson DM, Padhani AR, Middleton MR, Price P, Stratford MR, Ross P, Halford S, Goldberg Z, Rustin GJ. Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the vascular disrupting agent OXi4503 in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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24
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Samaras P, Heider H, Haile SR, Petrausch U, Schaefer NG, Siciliano RD, Meisel A, Mischo A, Zweifel M, Knuth A, Stenner-Liewen F, Renner C. Concomitant statin use does not impair the clinical outcome of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma treated with rituximab-CHOP. Ann Hematol 2010; 89:783-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-010-0926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Zweifel M, Mueller C, Schaffner T, Dahinden C, Matozan K, Driscoll R, Mohacsi P. Eotaxin/CCL11 expression by infiltrating macrophages in rat heart transplants during ongoing acute rejection. Exp Mol Pathol 2009; 87:127-32. [PMID: 19631640 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zweifel
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Transplant-Research Laboratory, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland.
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26
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Zweifel M, Jayson G, Reed N, Osborne R, Hassan B, Shreeves G, Poupard L, Walicke PA, Balkissoon J, Chaplin D, Rustin G. Combretastatin A-4 phosphate (CA4P) carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: Final phase II trial results. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5502 Background: CA4P is a vascular disrupting agent that in pre-clinical models can increase the efficacy of a variety of therapies. A dose escalation trial of CA4P given prior to carboplatin, paclitaxel or both showed the combination was well tolerated and responses were seen in several tumor types including 6/17 with relapsed ovarian cancer. The trial was therefore extended into a phase II trial in patients with platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Methods: Patients with ovarian cancer that had relapsed and could start trial therapy within 6 months of their last platinum chemotherapy were given CA4P 63mg/m2 18–20 hours prior to paclitaxel 175mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 5 repeated 3 weekly. If > 2 responses were seen in first 18 patients 43 patients were to be treated to confirm response rate>19%. Results: Five of the first 18 patients responded so the study was extended and closed after 44 patients were recruited, with full data available to date on 34. Weekly blood counts have demonstrated grade 3/4 neutropenia in 11 and thrombocytopenia in only 1 patient. Other grade > 2 toxicity seen in > 1 patient was fatigue, nausea / vomiting, pain, alopecia, rapidly reversible ataxia, diarrhoea, neuropathy and was little different to what would be expected with paclitaxel and carboplatin. Hypertension is the commonest CA4P related toxicity and was easily controlled by GTN, then prophylactic amlodipine. Responses according to GCIG criteria, have been seen in 11/34 (32%) patients with an additional unconfirmed PR. Conclusions: The addition of CA4P to paclitaxel and carboplatin is well tolerated and appears to produce a higher response rate in this patient population than if the chemotherapy was given without CA4P. A planned randomised trial will hopefully confirm this. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zweifel
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - G. Jayson
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - N. Reed
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - R. Osborne
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - B. Hassan
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - G. Shreeves
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - L. Poupard
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - P. A. Walicke
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - J. Balkissoon
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - D. Chaplin
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
| | - G. Rustin
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Beatson Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole, United Kingdom; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxigene Inc, Waltham, MA
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Vetter C, Zweifel M, Zuppinger C, Carrel T, Martin D, Haefliger JA, Delacrétaz E. Connexin 43 expression in human hypertrophied heart due to pressure and volume overload. Physiol Res 2009; 59:35-42. [PMID: 19249908 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is due to pressure overload or mechanical stretch and is thought to be associated with remodeling of gap-junctions. We investigated whether the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) is altered in humans in response to different degrees of LVH. The expression of Cx43 was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry on left ventricular biopsies from patients undergoing aortic or mitral valve replacement. Three groups were analyzed: patients with aortic stenosis with severe LVH (n=9) versus only mild LVH (n=7), and patients with LVH caused by mitral regurgitation (n=5). Cx43 mRNA expression and protein expression were similar in the three groups studied. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed no change in Cx43 distribution. We can conclude that when compared with mild LVH or with LVH due to volume overload, severe LVH due to chronic pressure overload is not accompanied by detectable changes of Cx43 expression or spatial distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vetter
- Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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28
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Stenner F, Liewen H, Zweifel M, Weber A, Tchinda J, Bode B, Samaras P, Bauer S, Knuth A, Renner C. Targeted therapeutic approach for an anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:1847-52. [PMID: 18616678 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is among the most aggressive human malignancies, being responsible for the majority of thyroid cancer-related deaths. Despite multimodal therapy including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the outcome of ATC is poor. The human ATC cell line MB1, derived from tumor tissue of a 57-year-old man with thyroid cancer and pronounced neutrophilia, was established from surgically excised tumor tissue. The karyotype of the cell line shows many chromosomal abnormalities. Preclinical investigations have shown antitumor activity and effectiveness of the BRAF kinase inhibitor Sorafenib and the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib. After establishment of the MB1 cell line these agents were applied in vitro and, showing activity in a cell culture model, were also used for in vivo treatment. Sorafenib had some clinical effect, namely normalization of leucocytosis, but had no sustained impact on subsequent tumor growth and development of distant metastasis. Molecular diagnostics of the tumor demonstrated no BRAF mutations in exons 11 and 15 concordant with a rather modest effect of Sorafenib on MB1 cell growth. Clinical benefit was seen with subsequent bortezomib therapy inducing a temporary halt to lymph node growth and a progression-free interval of 7 weeks. Our observations together with previous data from preclinical models could serve as a rationale for selecting those patients suffering from ATC most likely to benefit from targeted therapy. A prospective controlled randomized trial integrating kinase and proteasome inhibitors into a therapeutic regime for ATC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Stenner
- Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
We report a case of POEMS syndrome which relapsed six years after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. According to encouraging data published recently, we treated the patient with cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone and the VEGF-antibody bevacizumab. After an initial improvement, the subsequent course was complicated by severe adverse events leading to multiorgan failure and death. This dramatic decline highlights the need for further investigation before using bevacizumab in patients with POEMS syndrome.
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30
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Leyvraz S, Zweifel M, Jundt G, Lissoni A, Cerny T, Sessa C, Fey M, Dietrich D, Honegger HP. Long-term results of a multicenter SAKK trial on high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin in advanced or metastatic gynecologic sarcomas. Ann Oncol 2006; 17:646-51. [PMID: 16500907 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dose intensive chemotherapy has not been tested prospectively for the treatment of gynecologic sarcomas. We investigated the antitumor activity and toxicity of high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin, in the context of a multidisciplinary strategy for the treatment of advanced and metastatic, not pretreated, gynecologic sarcomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients were enrolled onto a phase I-II multicenter trial of ifosfamide, 10 g/m2 as a continuous infusion over 5 days, plus doxorubicin intravenously, 25 mg/m2/day for 3 days with Mesna and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor every 21 days. Salvage therapy was allowed after chemotherapy. RESULTS Among the 37 evaluable patients, the tumor was locally advanced (n = 11), with concomitant distant metastases (n = 5) or with distant metastases only (n = 21). After a median of three (range 1-7) chemotherapy cycles, six patients experienced a complete response and 12 a partial response for an overall response rate of 49% (95% CI 32% to 66%). The response rate was higher in poorly differentiated tumors (62%) compared with moderately well differentiated ones (18%), but was not different according to histology subtypes. Eleven patients had salvage therapy, either immediately following chemotherapy (n = 7) or at time of progression (n = 4). With a median follow-up time of 5 years, the median overall survival was 30.5 months. Hematological toxicity was as expected neutropenia, thrombopenia and anemia > or = grade 3 at 50%, 34% and 33% of cycles respectively. No toxic death occurred. CONCLUSIONS High-dose ifosfamide plus doxorubicin is an active regimen for all subtypes of gynecological sarcomas. Its toxicity was manageable in a multicentric setting. The prolonged survival might be due to the multidisciplinary strategy that was possible in one-third of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leyvraz
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Zweifel M, Breu K, Matozan K, Renner E, Welle M, Schaffner T, Clavien PA. Restoration of hepatic mast cells and expression of a different mast cell protease phenotype in regenerating rat liver after 70%‐hepatectomy. Immunol Cell Biol 2005; 83:587-95. [PMID: 16266310 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) can undergo significant changes in number and phenotype; these alterations result in the differential expression of growth factors and cytokines. Kit ligand (KL; stem cell factor) is produced by mesenchymal cells, and in the liver by biliary epithelial cells. Recent studies suggest that KL, and its receptor c-kit, may be involved in liver regeneration after loss of liver mass. However, KL is also the major growth, differentiating, chemotactic, and activating factor for MC. The aim of our study was to elucidate the dynamics and phenotype of hepatic MC and KL/c-kit expression during liver regeneration after partial (70%) hepatectomy in the rat. Regenerating livers were harvested after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days, respectively (n = 6 each day). MC were stained for naphthol-AS/D-chloroacetate esterase and counted as MC per bile ductule. MC phenotype was assessed by rat MC protease (RMCP)-1 and -2 immunofluorescence staining, in order to distinguish RMCP-1 positive connective tissue MC (CTMC) from RMCP-2 positive mucosa MC (MMC). mRNA expression of RMCP, c-kit, and the differentially spliced variants of KL was quantified by RT-PCR. MC counts per bile ductule decreased in regenerating rat liver tissue at day 3, compared with native livers, and became normal thereafter. Hepatic MC were predominantly of a CTMC phenotype expressing RMCP-1, as previously published; after hepatectomy, between 76 and 99% of all MC double-expressed RMCP-1 and -2, compatible with an MMC phenotype. The ratio of the two alternatively spliced mRNAs for KL (KL-1 : KL-2), and c-kit mRNA expression did not differ significantly between regenerating livers and the livers of sham operated animals. These results suggest that hepatic mast cells are restored during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in the rat. Restored MC express an MMC phenotype, suggesting migration from outside into the regenerating liver. Alternative splicing of KL is affected by the surgical procedure in general, and, together with its receptor c-kit, doesn't seem to be involved in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in the rat. Further functional studies, and studies in regenerating human livers might offer the possibility of elucidating the role of the hepatic mast cell, and its different protease phenotypes during liver regeneration after surgical loss of liver mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zweifel
- Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zweifel M, Hirsiger H, Matozan K, Welle M, Schaffner T, Mohacsi P. Mast cells in ongoing acute rejection: increase in number and expression of a different phenotype in rat heart transplants. Transplantation 2002; 73:1707-16. [PMID: 12084991 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200206150-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MC) are resident in healthy hearts and play important physiological and pathophysiological roles. In the transplanted heart, correlations have been found between MC number and the severity of rejection episodes, the intensity of chronic inflammation, and allograft arteriosclerotic changes. However, not much emphasis has been placed on the fact that resident donor MC, and infiltrating recipient MC do not forcedly need to share the same properties and function. To gain insight in the role of cardiac MC during acute, and ongoing acute rejection of heart transplants, we investigated MC kinetics and MC phenotype in a rat heart transplantation model. METHODS Donor hearts from female Brown-Norway rats were transplanted to male Lewis rats. Immunosuppression was started at day 5 using ciclosporin and prednisolone. Connective tissue type MC (CTMC) were distinguished from mucosa type MC (MMC) by immunohistochemistry for rat MC protease (RMCP) -1 and -2. Expression of RMCP-1 and -2 mRNA was quantified by real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Infiltrating Y chromosome positive MC were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. mRNA expression of interleukin-3 (IL-3) and of the two differentially spliced isoforms of kit ligand (KL, stem cell factor) was quantified using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Resident cardiac donor MC are almost exclusively CTMC and decrease in number during acute rejection. MC increase in number, and recipient MC invade the cardiac allograft during ongoing acute rejection. The phenotype of the invading MC is characterized by the expression of RMCP-2, or both RMCP-1 and RMCP-2, and thus resemble a MMC type. IL-3 mRNA is highly expressed, and the ratio of the differentially spliced mRNAs for KL-1 and KL-2 rises up to 2-fold during ongoing acute rejection. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that MC in posttransplant hearts during ongoing acute rejection differ from MC in healthy hearts and isografts by expressing a different phenotype. Changes in IL-3 and KL expression might be responsible for the predominance of MMC over CTMC. The notion is of importance that MC in cardiac allografts may have properties and functions that differ from those in nontransplanted healthy hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zweifel
- Division of Cardiology and Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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Chen SH, Sun X, Boyer R, Paschal J, Zeckner D, Current W, Zweifel M, Rodriguez M. Syntheses and biological evaluation of novel pseudomycin side-chain analogues. Part 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2107-10. [PMID: 10999481 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of aliphatic side-chain analogues of pseudomycin was synthesized and evaluated during the course of our side-chain SAR effort. We found that several of the pseudomycin side-chain analogues (e.g., 10) exhibited good in vitro activity against all three major fungi responsible for systemic fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
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Jamison J, Levy S, Sun X, Zeckner D, Current W, Zweifel M, Rodriguez M, Turner W, Chen SH. Syntheses and antifungal activity of pseudomycin side-chain analogues. Part 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2101-5. [PMID: 10999480 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have described herein the syntheses of three novel series of aromatic ring containing pseudomycin side-chain analogues. Preliminary biological evaluations of these analogues clearly indicate that it is possible to synthesize rigid pseudomycin side-chain analogues without compromising in vitro antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jamison
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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Abstract
Initial sensitivity to alcohol and the development of alcohol tolerance were examined in rats of the selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) and -nonpreferring (NP) lines. All rats received two alcohol injections (3.0 g/kg b.wt., IP) separated by either 1 or 2 days. P rats were less sensitive to the behaviorally impairing effects of alcohol than were NP rats, as evidenced by a longer latency to lose righting reflex (RR) and a shorter time to recover RR following an initial alcohol injection. When 1 day separated the two alcohol injections, P rats recovered the RR more rapidly following a second injection compared to the first, indicating that the P rats developed tolerance to the sedative/hypnotic effects of alcohol. In contrast, the NP rats recovered the RR more slowly following the second injection compared to the first, indicating that the NP rats developed sensitization to alcohol. Tolerance in the P line and sensitization in the NP line disappeared when 2 days separated the two alcohol injections. Line differences in initial sensitivity and tolerance/sensitization to the behaviorally impairing effects of alcohol may contribute to the differences in alcohol consumption observed in the P and NP lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5124, USA
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Krishnan-Sarin S, Jing SL, Kurtz DL, Zweifel M, Portoghese PS, Li TK, Froehlich JC. The delta opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole attenuates both alcohol and saccharin intake in rats selectively bred for alcohol preference. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 120:177-85. [PMID: 7480550 DOI: 10.1007/bf02246191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that the selective delta receptor antagonists ICI 174864 and naltrindole (NTI) attenuate alcohol intake in a dose-dependent manner, without altering water intake, in rats selectively bred for alcohol preference. ICI 174864 had a very limited duration of action, as evidenced by the fact that suppression of alcohol intake lasted for only an hour following ICI 174864 administration. NTI, when administered in a dose of 10 mg/kg, suppressed alcohol intake by 28%. Increasing the dose of NTI to 15 mg/kg produced a 44% suppression of alcohol intake, but a further increase to 20 mg/kg did not produce greater suppression than was seen with a dose of 15 mg/kg (46% versus 44%, respectively). This suggests that NTI is maximally effective in suppressing alcohol intake at a dose of 15.0 mg/kg. NTI displayed a long duration of action, as evidenced by attenuation of alcohol drinking that lasted for at least 8 h following drug treatment. Administering the maximally effective dose of NTI (15 mg/kg) in two parts, separated by 4 h, served to prolong the duration of action of NTI and produced an attenuation of alcohol intake, but not water intake, that lasted for at least 28 h. The effect of NTI on alcohol intake was not specific for alcohol, as evidenced by the fact that NTI reduced the intake of saccharin solutions with and without alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krishnan-Sarin
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA
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Stewart RB, Kurtz DL, Zweifel M, Li TK, Froehlich JC. Differences in the hypothermic response to ethanol in rats selectively bred for oral ethanol preference and nonpreference. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1992; 106:169-74. [PMID: 1549644 DOI: 10.1007/bf02801968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol was tested in the alcohol-preferring (P) and alcohol-nonpreferring (NP) rats lines, using ethanol-induced hypothermia as a measure of tolerance. Rats received two injections of ethanol (3.5 g/kg) body wt, IP) and the time between the injections was 1, 2, or 3 days. When one day separated the two injections, tolerance to the hypothermic effect of a second "test" injection was found in both lines. When 2 or 3 days separated the two injections, the P line showed a loss of tolerance and the NP line showed sensitization to ethanol. Sensitization in the NP line grew stronger when the interval between injections was increased from 2 to 3 days. The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol-induced hypothermia in the P line was shorter than has previously been reported for motor impairment in this line. It appears that the duration of tolerance retention in the P line depends on the test used to measure tolerance. Sensitization to ethanol in the NP line may be associated with low oral ethanol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
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Abstract
We have previously reported that naloxone, a nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist, suppresses alcohol but not water consumption by male rats that have been genetically selected for high voluntary alcohol drinking. However, the identity of the specific opioid receptor subtype that may mediate alcohol drinking is not known. This paper reports that a selective delta opioid receptor antagonist is as effective as naloxone in suppressing alcohol consumption and that an enkephalinase inhibitor, which potentiates the action of endogenous enkephalins, increases alcohol intake. These results suggest that alcohol-induced activation of the endogenous enkephalinergic system, and occupation of delta opioid receptors, are involved in the maintenance of continued alcohol drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Froehlich
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
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