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Li LQ, Adamowicz M, Wescott RA, Warlow SJ, Thomson JP, Robert C, Carey LM, Thain H, Cuschieri K, Conn B, Hay A, Aitman TJ, Nixon IJ. The role of liquid biopsy in management of the neck with indeterminate response on post-treatment imaging following non-surgical management of oropharyngeal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2023; 49:55-59. [PMID: 36244845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine if post-treatment HPV cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can assist in the decision-making process for salvage neck dissection in patients following non-surgical treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) with a partial response in the neck on imaging at 12 weeks post-treatment. METHODS 86 patients who completed treatment were prospectively recruited through the regional multidisciplinary team (MDT). Treatment response was categorised as complete response (CR), partial response (PR) or progressive disease on 12-week post-treatment imaging. Pre- and post-treatment blood samples were assessed for HPV cfDNA through droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). RESULTS Eight patients had an isolated partial response in the neck. One (12.5%) had detectable HPV cfDNA (22.96 copies/ml) at ∼12 weeks post-treatment with positive disease on subsequent neck dissection (positive predictive value; PPV = 100%). Of the seven patients with undetectable HPV cfDNA, two patients had evidence of regional disease recurrence at 23.9 and 27.4 months respectively (negative predictive value; NPV = 71%). CONCLUSION The detection of HPV cfDNA may help target salvage therapy in patients with a partial response in the neck. Follow-up studies in larger cohorts would be required to further validate the use of post-treatment HPV cfDNA in the management of OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Q Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HX, UK
| | - Martyna Adamowicz
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Robert A Wescott
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sophie J Warlow
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - John P Thomson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christelle Robert
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lara M Carey
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Helen Thain
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NHS Lothian, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Brendan Conn
- Department of Pathology, NHS Lothian, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Ashley Hay
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HX, UK
| | - Timothy J Aitman
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Iain J Nixon
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HX, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
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Warlow SJ, Adamowicz M, Thomson JP, Wescott RA, Robert C, Carey LM, Thain H, Cuschieri K, Li LQ, Conn B, Hay A, Nixon IJ, Aitman TJ. Longitudinal measurement of HPV copy number in cell-free DNA is associated with patient outcomes in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2022; 48:1224-1234. [PMID: 35431082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.03.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing in global prevalence and is divided into two types dependent on association with human papillomavirus (HPV). Assay of HPV copy number in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) provides a minimally invasive method for detecting and monitoring tumour-derived HPV, with potential for enhancing clinical care. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospectively recruited cohort of 104 OPSCC patients, we evaluate the utility of cfDNA droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) as a method for characterisation and longitudinal monitoring of patients with OPSCC. RESULTS ddPCR assay of pre-treatment plasma cfDNA for five HPV types showed overall 95% concordance with p16 immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis of tumour tissue. Longitudinal sampling in 48 HPV+ve patients, with median follow-up of 20 months, was strongly associated with patient outcomes. Persistently elevated cfDNA-HPV post-treatment was associated with treatment failure (2/2 patients) and an increase of cfDNA-HPV in patients whose HPV levels were initially undetectable post-treatment was associated with disease recurrence (5/6 patients). No recurrence was observed in patients in whom cfDNA-HPV was undetectable in all post-treatment samples. In two patients, sequential HPV measurement could have avoided surgical intervention which did not confirm recurrence. CONCLUSION The high concordance of pre-treatment plasma cfDNA-HPV analysis with tissue-based assays, together with the clinical associations of sequentially measured post-treatment cfDNA-HPV copy number add to a growing body of evidence that suggest utility of cfDNA-HPV ddPCR in management of OPSCC. Standardised clinical trials based on these data are now needed to assess the impact of such testing on overall patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J Warlow
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Martyna Adamowicz
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - John P Thomson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert A Wescott
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Christelle Robert
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lara M Carey
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Helen Thain
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Lucy Q Li
- NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Brendan Conn
- NHS Lothian, Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Ashley Hay
- NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Iain J Nixon
- NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Edinburgh, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HX, UK.
| | - Timothy J Aitman
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK; NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
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Killean A, Thomson J, Adamowicz M, Warlow S, Dutta P, Oniscu A, McLaren D, Phillips I, Aitman T. Identification of pathogenic EGFR mutation in plasma cell-free DNA by ultra-deep sequencing in a patient undergoing stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for early-stage lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(22)00203-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adamowicz M, Milkiewicz P, Kempinska-Podhorodecka A. 5-aminosalicylic acid inhibits the expression of oncomiRs and pro-inflammatory microRNAs: an in vitro study. J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 72. [PMID: 34987126 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2021.4.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is commonly used as the first-line treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we show that the mechanism responsible for the protective effect of 5-ASA is associated with the modulation of non-coding microRNA molecule (miRNA) expression. Stimulation of human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) with 1000 μM of 5-ASA suppressed the levels of miR-125b, miR-150, miR-155, miR-346 and miR-506, which are known to be involved in the regulation of colitis and/or colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The 5-ASA-induced inhibitions of these miRNAs were associated with significant inductions of their target genes such as vitamin D receptor (VDR), suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS1), Forkhead box O (FOXO3a) and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). The relationships between the selected miRNAs and their target genes were further confirmed in Caco-2 cells transfected of with specific miRNA inhibitors or miRNA mimics. Moreover, we showed that 5-ASA has the potential to hinder miR-155 expression induced by the transfection of miR-155 mimic into Caco-2 cells. These findings underline the anti-inflammatory and chemoprotective effects of 5-ASA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adamowicz
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - P Milkiewicz
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Reijns MAM, Thompson L, Acosta JC, Black HA, Sanchez-Luque FJ, Diamond A, Parry DA, Daniels A, O'Shea M, Uggenti C, Sanchez MC, O'Callaghan A, McNab MLL, Adamowicz M, Friman ET, Hurd T, Jarman EJ, Chee FLM, Rainger JK, Walker M, Drake C, Longman D, Mordstein C, Warlow SJ, McKay S, Slater L, Ansari M, Tomlinson IPM, Moore D, Wilkinson N, Shepherd J, Templeton K, Johannessen I, Tait-Burkard C, Haas JG, Gilbert N, Adams IR, Jackson AP. A sensitive and affordable multiplex RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3001030. [PMID: 33320856 PMCID: PMC7771873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ongoing COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), there is a need for sensitive, specific, and affordable diagnostic tests to identify infected individuals, not all of whom are symptomatic. The most sensitive test involves the detection of viral RNA using RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR), with many commercial kits now available for this purpose. However, these are expensive, and supply of such kits in sufficient numbers cannot always be guaranteed. We therefore developed a multiplex assay using well-established SARS-CoV-2 targets alongside a human cellular control (RPP30) and a viral spike-in control (Phocine Herpes Virus 1 [PhHV-1]), which monitor sample quality and nucleic acid extraction efficiency, respectively. Here, we establish that this test performs as well as widely used commercial assays, but at substantially reduced cost. Furthermore, we demonstrate >1,000-fold variability in material routinely collected by combined nose and throat swabbing and establish a statistically significant correlation between the detected level of human and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids. The inclusion of the human control probe in our assay therefore provides a quantitative measure of sample quality that could help reduce false-negative rates. We demonstrate the feasibility of establishing a robust RT-qPCR assay at approximately 10% of the cost of equivalent commercial assays, which could benefit low-resource environments and make high-volume testing affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. M. Reijns
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Thompson
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Holly A. Black
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco J. Sanchez-Luque
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government for Genomics and Oncological Research (Genyo), Granada, Spain
| | - Austin Diamond
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Parry
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Daniels
- Division of Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marie O'Shea
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Uggenti
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria C. Sanchez
- Division of Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan O'Callaghan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle L. L. McNab
- Division of Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Martyna Adamowicz
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elias T. Friman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Hurd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J. Jarman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frederic Li Mow Chee
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline K. Rainger
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marion Walker
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Camilla Drake
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dasa Longman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Mordstein
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie J. Warlow
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart McKay
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Slater
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Morad Ansari
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. M. Tomlinson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David Moore
- The South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Wilkinson
- Medical Microbiology and Virology Service, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Shepherd
- Medical Microbiology and Virology Service, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Templeton
- Medical Microbiology and Virology Service, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ingolfur Johannessen
- Medical Microbiology and Virology Service, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Tait-Burkard
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen G. Haas
- Division of Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Gilbert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R. Adams
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Jackson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Adamowicz M, Morgan CC, Haubner BJ, Noseda M, Collins MJ, Abreu Paiva M, Srivastava PK, Gellert P, Razzaghi B, O’Gara P, Raina P, Game L, Bottolo L, Schneider MD, Harding SE, Penninger J, Aitman TJ. Functionally Conserved Noncoding Regulators of Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Regeneration in Mouse and Human. Circ: Genomic and Precision Medicine 2018; 11:e001805. [DOI: 10.1161/circgen.117.001805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The adult mammalian heart has little regenerative capacity after myocardial infarction (MI), whereas neonatal mouse heart regenerates without scarring or dysfunction. However, the underlying pathways are poorly defined. We sought to derive insights into the pathways regulating neonatal development of the mouse heart and cardiac regeneration post-MI.
Methods and Results:
Total RNA-seq of mouse heart through the first 10 days of postnatal life (referred to as P3, P5, P10) revealed a previously unobserved transition in microRNA (miRNA) expression between P3 and P5 associated specifically with altered expression of protein-coding genes on the focal adhesion pathway and cessation of cardiomyocyte cell division. We found profound changes in the coding and noncoding transcriptome after neonatal MI, with evidence of essentially complete healing by P10. Over two-thirds of each of the messenger RNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the post-MI heart were differentially expressed during normal postnatal development, suggesting a common regulatory pathway for normal cardiac development and post-MI cardiac regeneration. We selected exemplars of miRNAs implicated in our data set as regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Several of these showed evidence of a functional influence on mouse cardiomyocyte cell division. In addition, a subset of these miRNAs, miR-144-3p, miR-195a-5p, miR-451a, and miR-6240 showed evidence of functional conservation in human cardiomyocytes.
Conclusions:
The sets of messenger RNAs, miRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs that we report here merit further investigation as gatekeepers of cell division in the postnatal heart and as targets for extension of the period of cardiac regeneration beyond the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Adamowicz
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Claire C. Morgan
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Bernhard J. Haubner
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Michela Noseda
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Melissa J. Collins
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Marta Abreu Paiva
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Prashant K. Srivastava
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Pascal Gellert
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Bonnie Razzaghi
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Peter O’Gara
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Priyanka Raina
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Laurence Game
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Leonardo Bottolo
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Michael D. Schneider
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Sian E. Harding
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Josef Penninger
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
| | - Timothy J. Aitman
- From the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (T.J.A.); National Heart and Lung Institute (M.A., C.C.M., M.N., M.A.P., P.O., M.D.S., S.E.H.), Department of Medicine (C.C.M., M.J.C., P.K.S., B.R., P.R., T.J.A.), Department of Mathematics (L.B.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (B.J.H., J.P.)
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7
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Arthur-Farraj PJ, Morgan CC, Adamowicz M, Gomez-Sanchez JA, Fazal SV, Beucher A, Razzaghi B, Mirsky R, Jessen KR, Aitman TJ. Changes in the Coding and Non-coding Transcriptome and DNA Methylome that Define the Schwann Cell Repair Phenotype after Nerve Injury. Cell Rep 2017; 20:2719-2734. [PMID: 28903050 PMCID: PMC5608958 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair Schwann cells play a critical role in orchestrating nerve repair after injury, but the cellular and molecular processes that generate them are poorly understood. Here, we perform a combined whole-genome, coding and non-coding RNA and CpG methylation study following nerve injury. We show that genes involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition are enriched in repair cells, and we identify several long non-coding RNAs in Schwann cells. We demonstrate that the AP-1 transcription factor C-JUN regulates the expression of certain micro RNAs in repair Schwann cells, in particular miR-21 and miR-34. Surprisingly, unlike during development, changes in CpG methylation are limited in injury, restricted to specific locations, such as enhancer regions of Schwann cell-specific genes (e.g., Nedd4l), and close to local enrichment of AP-1 motifs. These genetic and epigenomic changes broaden our mechanistic understanding of the formation of repair Schwann cell during peripheral nervous system tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Arthur-Farraj
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Claire C Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Martyna Adamowicz
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 2XU, UK
| | - Jose A Gomez-Sanchez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Shaline V Fazal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anthony Beucher
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bonnie Razzaghi
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rhona Mirsky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kristjan R Jessen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Timothy J Aitman
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 2XU, UK.
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8
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Mohamed M, Guillard M, Wortmann S, Cirak S, Marklova E, Michelakakis H, Korsch E, Adamowicz M, Koletzko B, van Spronsen F, Niezen-Koning K, Matthijs G, Gardeitchik T, Kouwenberg D, Lim BC, Zeevaert R, Wevers R, Lefeber D, Morava E. Clinical and diagnostic approach in unsolved CDG patients with a type 2 transferrin pattern. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1812:691-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Morava E, Wosik HN, Sykut-Cegielska J, Adamowicz M, Guillard M, Wevers RA, Lefeber DJ, Cruysberg JRM. Ophthalmological abnormalities in children with congenital disorders of glycosylation type I. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 93:350-4. [PMID: 19019927 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.145359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) type Ia frequently present with ocular involvement and visual loss. Little is known, however, about the occurrence of ophthalmological abnormalities in other subtypes of CDG syndrome. METHODS We evaluated 45 children sequentially diagnosed with CDG type I for the presence of ocular abnormalities at the time of the diagnosis and during follow-up. We compared the various ophthalmic findings in the different CDG subgroups. RESULTS Of the 45 patients, 22 had CDG type Ia, nine had CDG type Ic and 14 had a so-far undiagnosed biochemical background (CDG type Ix). We found ocular anomalies in 28 of the 45 children. Three had unique findings, including congenital cataract, retinal coloboma and glaucoma. A few CDG type Ia patients showed a sequential occurrence of symptoms, including retinitis pigmentosa or cataract. CONCLUSIONS Ophthalmic findings are frequent in CDG syndrome involving both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. The disorder might lead to abnormal development of the lens or the retina, cause diminished vision, alter ocular motility and intraocular pressure. We suggest routine screening and follow-up for ophthalmological anomalies in all children diagnosed with CDG syndrome to provide early treatment and adequate counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Morava
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Pediatrics, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Morava E, Wosik H, Kárteszi J, Guillard M, Adamowicz M, Sykut-Cegielska J, Hadzsiev K, Wevers RA, Lefeber DJ. Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ix: review of clinical spectrum and diagnostic steps. J Inherit Metab Dis 2008; 31:450-6. [PMID: 18500572 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-008-0822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorder of glycosylation type I (CDG I) represent a rapidly growing group of inherited multisystem disorders with 13 genetically established subtypes (CDG Ia to CDG Im), and a high number of biochemically unresolved cases (CDG Ix). Further diagnostic effort and prognosis counselling are very challenging in these children. In the current study, we reviewed the clinical records of 10 CDG Ix patients and compared the data with 13 CDG Ix patients published in the literature in search for specific symptoms to create clinical subgroups. The most frequent findings were rather nonspecific, including developmental delay and axial hypotonia. Several features were found that are uncommon in CDG syndrome, such as elevated creatine kinase or arthrogryposis. Distinct ophthalmological abnormalities were observed including optic nerve atrophy, cataract and glaucoma. Two subgroups could be established: one with a pure neurological presentation and the other with a neurological-multivisceral form. The first group had a significantly better prognosis. The unique presentation of microcephaly, seizures, ascites, hepatomegaly, nephrotic syndrome and severe developmental delay was observed in one child diagnosed with CDG Ik. Establishing clinical subgroups and increasing the number of patients within the subgroups may lead the way towards the genetic defect in children with a so far unsolved type of the congenital disorders of glycosylation. Raising awareness for less common, non-CDG specific clinical features such as congenital joint contractures, movement disorders or ophthalmological anomalies will encourage clinicians to think of CDG in its more unusual presentation. Clinical grouping also helps to determine the prognosis and provide better counselling for the families.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Morava
- Laboratory of Paediatrics and Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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11
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Morava E, Lefeber DJ, Urban Z, de Meirleir L, Meinecke P, Gillessen Kaesbach G, Sykut-Cegielska J, Adamowicz M, Salafsky I, Ranells J, Lemyre E, van Reeuwijk J, Brunner HG, Wevers RA. Defining the phenotype in an autosomal recessive cutis laxa syndrome with a combined congenital defect of glycosylation. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 16:28-35. [PMID: 17971833 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive cutis laxa is a genetically heterogeneous condition. Its molecular basis is largely unknown. Recently, a combined disorder of N- and O-linked glycosylation was described in children with congenital cutis laxa in association with severe central nervous system involvement, brain migration defects, seizures and hearing loss. We report on seven additional patients with similar clinical features in combination with congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIx. On the basis of phenotype in 10 patients, we define an autosomal recessive cutis laxa syndrome. The patients have a complex phenotype of neonatal cutis laxa, transient feeding intolerance, late closure of the fontanel, characteristic facial features including down-slanting palpebral fissures, short nose and small mouth, and developmental delay. There is a variable degree of the central nervous system involvement and variable systemic presentation. The biochemical analysis using transferrin isoelectric focusing gives false negative results in some of the youngest patients. Analysis of the apolipoprotein C-III isoelectric focusing, however, is diagnostic in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Morava
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Fisch J, Adamowicz M, Hackworth J, Ginsburg M, Keskintepe L, Sher G. Single embryo transfer (SET) day 3 vs. day 5 based on graduated embryo score (GES) and soluble human leukocyte antigen-g (sHLA-G): preliminary results of a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Keskintepe L, Sher G, Agca Y, Adamowicz M, Maassarani G. Application of different oocyte vitrification protocols, laser assisted zona slitting, and temperature on post-warming survival of bovine oocyte. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Adamowicz M, Płoski R, Rokicki D, Morava E, Gizewska M, Mierzewska H, Pollak A, Lefeber DJ, Wevers RA, Pronicka E. Transferrin hypoglycosylation in hereditary fructose intolerance: using the clues and avoiding the pitfalls. J Inherit Metab Dis 2007; 30:407. [PMID: 17457694 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-007-0569-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2006] [Revised: 02/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is caused by a deficiency of aldolase B due to mutations of the ALDOB gene. The disease poses diagnostic problems because of unspecific clinical manifestations. We report three cases of HFI all of whom had a chronic disease with neurological, nephrological or gastroenterological symptoms, whereas nutritional fructose intolerance, the pathognomonic sign of HFI, was apparent only in retrospect. In all patients a hypoglycosylated pattern of transferrin isoforms was found but was misinterpreted as a sign of CDG Ix. The correct diagnosis was achieved with marked delay (26, 36 and 24 months, respectively) by sequencing of the ALDOB gene two common mutations were identified on both alleles or on one (A150P/A175D, A150P/-, and A150P/A175D). The diagnosis was further supported by normalization of transferrin isoforms on a fructose-free diet. Data available in two patients showed that following the fructose restriction the type I pattern of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin detectable on fructose-containing diet disappeared after 3-4 weeks. These cases illustrate that in the first years of life HFI may show misleading variability in clinical presentation and that protein glycosylation analysis such as transferrin isofocusing may give important diagnostic clues. However, care should be taken not to misinterpret the abnormal results as CDG Ix as well as to remember that a normal profile does not exclude HFI due to the possibility of spontaneous fructose restriction in the diet. The presented data also emphasize the usefulness of ALDOB mutation screening for diagnosis of HFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adamowicz
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Adamowicz M, Radlwimmer B, Rieker RJ, Mertens D, Schwarzbach M, Schraml P, Benner A, Lichter P, Mechtersheimer G, Joos S. Frequent amplifications and abundant expression of TRIO, NKD2, and IRX2 in soft tissue sarcomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2006; 45:829-38. [PMID: 16752383 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number gains and high-level amplifications of the short arm of chromosome 5 are frequently observed in soft tissue sarcomas. To identify genes from this region possibly involved in tumor progression, we analyzed 34 soft tissue sarcomas (10 pleomorphic and 8 dedifferentiated liposarcomas, 6 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, and 10 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)) using a DNA microarray including 418 BAC clones representing 99% of chromosome arm 5p. In seven tumors, distinct high-level amplifications were identified affecting four different subregions. From these regions, genes TERT, TRIO, SKP2, FBXO32, NKD2, SLC6A3, IRX2, POLS, FYB, PTGER4, and FGF10 were selected for detailed quantitative expression analysis (RQ-PCR) based on their potential tumorigenic function. Of these, TRIO, coding for a guanidine nucleotide exchange factor, was consistently overexpressed in all cases, while IRX2 and NKD2, both involved in the regulation of developmental processes via the WNT pathway, showed a characteristic expression only in MPNSTs. Detailed nonparametric multidimensional scaling analysis further showed that the expression of TRIO, IRX2, and NKD2 strongly correlated with the gene copy number. In conclusion, we found TRIO, IRX2, and NKD2 frequently affected by high-level amplifications as well as up-regulated in a gene-dosage dependent manner. Thus, these genes represent candidate targets of 5p amplifications in soft tissue sarcomas and might play a crucial role during the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Adamowicz
- Division of Molecular Genetics (B060), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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16
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Coulam C, Adamowicz M, Keskintepe L, Roussev R. Role of inhibins as markers of follicular maturity in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH antagonist for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Joos S, Granzow M, Holtgreve-Grez H, Siebert R, Harder L, Martín-Subero JI, Wolf J, Adamowicz M, Barth TFE, Lichter P, Jauch A. Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines are characterized by frequent aberrations on chromosomes 2p and 9p including REL and JAK2. Int J Cancer 2003; 103:489-95. [PMID: 12478664 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.10845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Four Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines (KM-H2, HDLM-2, L428, L1236) were analyzed for cytogenetic aberrations, applying multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosome banding and comparative genomic hybridization. Each line was characterized by a highly heterogeneous pattern of karyotypic changes with a large spectrum of different translocated chromosomes (range 22-57). A recurrent finding in all cell lines was the presence of chromosomal rearrangements of the short arm of chromosome 2 involving the REL oncogene locus. Furthermore, multiple translocated copies of telomeric chromosomal segments were frequently detected. This resulted in a copy number increase of putative oncogenes, e.g., JAK2 (9p24) in 3 cell lines, FGFR3 (4p16) and CCND2 (12p13) in 2 cell lines as well as MYC (8q24) in 1 cell line. Our data confirm previous cytogenetic results from primary Hodgkin's tumors suggesting an important pathogenic role of REL and JAK2 in this disease. In addition, they provide evidence for a novel cytogenetic pathomechanism leading to increased copy numbers of putative oncogenes from terminal chromosomal regions, most probably in the course of chromosomal stabilization by telomeric capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Joos
- German Cancer Research Center, H0700, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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18
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Schollen E, Dorland L, de Koning TJ, Van Diggelen OP, Huijmans JG, Marquardt T, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Patterson M, Imtiaz F, Winchester B, Adamowicz M, Pronicka E, Freeze H, Matthijs G. Genomic organization of the human phosphomannose isomerase (MPI) gene and mutation analysis in patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation type Ib (CDG-Ib). Hum Mutat 2000; 16:247-52. [PMID: 10980531 DOI: 10.1002/1098-1004(200009)16:3<247::aid-humu7>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
CDG-Ib is the "gastro-intestinal" type of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and a potentially treatable disorder. It has been described in patients presenting with congenital hepatic fibrosis and protein losing enteropathy. The symptoms result from hypoglycosylation of serum- and other glycoproteins. CDG-Ib is caused by a deficiency of mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (synonym: phosphomannose isomerase, EC 5.3.1.8), due to mutations in the MPI gene. We determined the genomic structure of the MPI gene in order to simplify mutation detection. The gene is composed of 8 exons and spans only 5 kb. Eight (7 novel) different mutations were found in seven patients with a confirmed phosphomannose isomerase deficiency, analyzed in the context of this study: six missense mutations, a splice mutation and one insertion. In the last, the mutation resulted in an unstable transcript, and was hardly detectable at the mRNA level. This emphasizes the importance of mutation analysis at the genomic DNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schollen
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Kozlowski D, Kozluk E, Adamowicz M, Grzybiak M, Walczak F, Walczak E. Histological examination of the topography of the atrioventricular nodal artery within the triangle of Koch. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1998; 21:163-7. [PMID: 9474665 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb01081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The treatment of choice in patients with drug-resistant atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia is radiofrequency fast or slow pathway ablation. Ablation of the reentrant circuit in the region of the His bundle, when approached from the anterior-superior region (fast pathway); can result in complete AV block. This is less likely if the posterior-inferior (in the region of coronary sinus ostium) approach is used (slow pathway ablation). The possibility that radiofrequency energy may damage the vascular supply to the AV node must be considered. In order to confirm this hypothesis observation was conducted on the autopsy material of 50 human hearts (20 F, 30 M) from 18 to 81 years of age. Specimens were taken containing the triangle of Koch (the apex- right fibrous trigone, the base- coronary sinus ostium). These histological blocks were sectioned in the frontal plane and stained using Masson's method. Koch's triangle was divided in the sagittal plane into 3 parts: inferior (between the base and the attachment of the tricuspid valve), central (between the base and the apex of the right fibrous trigone) and superior (between this trigone and the tendon of Todaro). It was observed that the AVN artery at the coronary sinus ostium level (the base of the triangle of Koch) was positioned in 68% in the central and in 32% in the inferior part of Koch's triangle. The AVN artery in the central part was removed from the endocardium 1 mm (18%), 2 mm (42%), 3 mm (22%), 4 mm (18%). In the inferior part 1 mm (26%), 2 mm (37%), 3 mm (37%). No statistically significant relationship was observed between those groups. CONCLUSIONS 1) in 20% of examined hearts the AVN artery lay just beneath the endocardium near the coronary sinus ostium 2) there is a risk of the AVN artery coagulation during radiofrequency ablation in the slow pathway region.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kozlowski
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
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20
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Millar-Craig MW, Joy AV, Adamowicz M, Furber R, Thomas B. Reduction in treatment delay by paramedic ECG diagnosis of myocardial infarction with direct CCU admission. Heart 1997; 78:456-61. [PMID: 9415003 PMCID: PMC1892296 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.78.5.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish the feasibility of training paramedics of diagnose acute myocardial infarction by ECG before hospital admission and whether direct paramedic coronary care admission, arranged by very high frequency (VHF) radio communication with the coronary care unit (CCU), would reduce delay of thrombolysis treatment. DESIGN Prospective controlled study. SETTING District general hospital CCU and a local district ambulance paramedic service. PATIENTS 124 patients with ECG evidence of myocardial infarction or ischaemia admitted directly to the CCU by the paramedic service were compared with 123 patients admitted by the emergency department and subsequently transferred to the CCU. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ECG diagnostic accuracy by paramedics, and interval durations for CCU admission and thrombolysis. RESULTS ECG diagnostic accuracy by the paramedics was 87.5% in the training phase and 92% in admission. The total call to thrombolysis interval was reduced from 154 to 93 minutes and the "door to needle" interval was reduced from 97 to 37 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Trained paramedics can reliably diagnose myocardial infarction by ECG. The use of a direct admission procedure, by a VHF radio link to the CCU, substantially reduces the time interval for thrombolytic treatment after acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Millar-Craig
- Department of Cardiology, Derbyshire Royal Infirmary NHS Trust, Derby, UK
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21
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Jaeken J, Pirard M, Adamowicz M, Pronicka E, van Schaftingen E. Inhibition of phosphomannose isomerase by fructose 1-phosphate: an explanation for defective N-glycosylation in hereditary fructose intolerance. Pediatr Res 1996; 40:764-6. [PMID: 8910943 DOI: 10.1203/00006450-199611000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Isoelectrofocusing of serum sialotransferrins from patients with untreated hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) shows a cathodal shift similar to that in carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein (CDG) syndrome type I and in untreated galactosemia. This report is on serum lysosomal enzyme abnormalities in untreated HFI that are identical to those found in CDG syndrome type I but different from those in untreated galactosemia. CDG syndrome type I is due to phosphomannomutase deficiency, a defect in the early glycosylation pathway. It was found that fructose 1-phosphate is a potent competitive inhibitor (Ki congruent to 40 microM) of phosphomannose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8), the first enzyme of the N-glycosylation pathway thus explaining the N-glycosylation disturbances in HFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jaeken
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Furber R, Thomas B, Joy A, Adamowicz M, Millar-Craig MW. O-68 Paramedic 12-lead ECG diagnosis with direct admission to coronary care results in reduction in delay to thrombolysis. Resuscitation 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0300-9572(96)83856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Adamowicz M, Pronicka E. Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome--like transferrin isoelectric focusing pattern in untreated fructosaemia. Eur J Pediatr 1996; 155:347-8. [PMID: 8777936 DOI: 10.1007/bf02002730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Kołodziej P, Kozłowski D, Koźluk E, Grochowski P, Adamowicz M, Grzybiak M, Walczak E, Walczak F, Kruś S. Preliminary evaluation of the topography of the His bundle with regards to ablation procedures. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 1996; 55:338-40. [PMID: 9243900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Kołodziej
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Medical University, Gdańsk
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Adamowicz M, Conway T, Nickerson KW. Nutritional complementation of oxidative glucose metabolism in Escherichia coli via pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol 1991; 57:2012-5. [PMID: 1654044 PMCID: PMC183513 DOI: 10.1128/aem.57.7.2012-2015.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two glucose-negative Escherichia coli mutants (ZSC113 and DF214) were unable to grow on glucose as the sole carbon source unless supplemented with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). PQQ is the cofactor for the periplasmic enzyme glucose dehydrogenase, which converts glucose to gluconate. Aerobically, E. coli ZSC113 grew on glucose plus PQQ with a generation time of 65 min, a generation time about the same as that for wild-type E. coli in a defined glucose-salts medium. Thus, for E. coli ZSC113 the Enter-Doudoroff pathway was fully able to replace the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. In the presence of 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate, PQQ no longer acted as a growth factor. Sodium dodecyl sulfate inhibited the formation of gluconate from glucose but not gluconate metabolism. Adaptation to PQQ-dependent growth exhibited long lag periods, except under low-phosphate conditions, in which the PhoE porin would be expressed. We suggest that E. coli has maintained the apoenzyme for glucose dehydrogenase and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway as adaptations to an aerobic, low-phosphate, and low-detergent aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adamowicz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68588
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