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Nair M, Cheung YY, Liu F, Koran ME, Rosenberg AJ. Fully automated dual-run manufacturing of [ 11C]PIB on FASTlab. Nucl Med Biol 2024; 128-129:108873. [PMID: 38154168 PMCID: PMC10922476 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This report describes an updated, fully automated method for the production of [11C]PIB on a cassette-based automated synthesis module. The method allows for two separate productions of [11C]PIB, both of which meet all specification for use in clinical studies. The GE FASTlab developer system was used to create the cassette design as well as the controlling tracer package. The method takes 16 min from the delivery of [11C]MeOTf to the FASTlab, or 35 min from the End of Bombardment; and reliably produces 3547 ± 586 MBq of [11C]PIB in high radiochemical purity (> 98 %). This methodology increases the production capacity of radiopharmaceutical facilities for [11C]PIB, and can easily produce 4 batches in a single day with limited infrastructure footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yiu-Yin Cheung
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Molecular Probes, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Molecular Probes, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Koran
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam J Rosenberg
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Molecular Probes, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Chen K, Tesfay R, Koran ME, Ouyang J, Shams S, Liang T, Khalighi M, Mormino EC, Zaharchuk G. Generative Adversarial Network‐Enhanced Ultra‐low‐dose [18F]‐PI‐2620 Tau PET/MR Imaging. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chen
- National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
- Stanford University Stanford CA USA
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Lee YJ, van den Berg NS, Duan H, Azevedo EC, Ferri V, Hom M, Raymundo RC, Valencia A, Castillo J, Shen B, Zhou Q, Freeman L, Koran ME, Kaplan MJ, Colevas AD, Baik FM, Chin FT, Martin BA, Iagaru A, Rosenthal EL. 89Zr-panitumumab Combined With 18F-FDG PET Improves Detection and Staging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4425-4434. [PMID: 35929985 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Determine the safety and specificity of a tumor-targeted radiotracer (89Zr-pan) in combination with 18F-FDG PET/CT to improve diagnostic accuracy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Adult patients with biopsy-proven HNSCC scheduled for standard-of-care surgery were enrolled in a clinical trial and underwent systemic administration of 89Zirconium-panitumumab and panitumumab-IRDye800 followed by preoperative 89Zr-pan PET/CT and intraoperative fluorescence imaging. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were evaluated. RESULTS A total of fourteen patients were enrolled and completed the study. Four patients (28.5%) had areas of high 18F-FDG uptake outside the head and neck region with maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) greater than 2.0 that were not detected on 89Zr-pan PET/CT. These four patients with incidental findings underwent further workup and had no evidence of cancer on biopsy or clinical follow-up. Forty-eight lesions (primary tumor, LNs, incidental findings) with SUVmax ranging 2.0-23.6 were visualized on 18F-FDG PET/CT; 34 lesions on 89Zr-pan PET/CT with SUVmax ranging 0.9-10.5. The combined ability of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 89Zr-pan PET/CT to detect HNSCC in the whole body was improved with higher specificity of 96.3% [confidence interval (CI), 89.2%-100%] compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT alone with specificity of 74.1% (CI, 74.1%-90.6%). One possibly related grade 1 adverse event of prolonged QTc (460 ms) was reported but resolved in follow-up. CONCLUSIONS 89Zr-pan PET/CT imaging is safe and may be valuable in discriminating incidental findings identified on 18F-FDG PET/CT from true positive lesions and in localizing metastatic LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | | | - Heying Duan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - E Carmen Azevedo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Valentina Ferri
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Marisa Hom
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Roan C Raymundo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Alex Valencia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Jessa Castillo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Laura Freeman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Mary Ellen Koran
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael J Kaplan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - A Dimitrios Colevas
- Department of Medicine - Division of Medical Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Fred M Baik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Frederick T Chin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Brock A Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville. Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, California
| | - Eben L Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Nashville, Tennessee
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Nobashi T, Zacharias C, Ellis JK, Ferri V, Koran ME, Franc BL, Iagaru A, Davidzon GA. Performance Comparison of Individual and Ensemble CNN Models for the Classification of Brain 18F-FDG-PET Scans. J Digit Imaging 2021; 33:447-455. [PMID: 31659587 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-019-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-background glucose metabolism of normal gray matter on [18F]-fluoro-2-D-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) of the brain results in a low signal-to-background ratio, potentially increasing the possibility of missing important findings in patients with intracranial malignancies. To explore the strategy of using a deep learning classifier to aid in distinguishing normal versus abnormal findings on PET brain images, this study evaluated the performance of a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN) to classify FDG PET brain scans as normal (N) or abnormal (A). METHODS Two hundred eighty-nine brain FDG-PET scans (N; n = 150, A; n = 139) resulting in a total of 68,260 images were included. Nine individual 2D-CNN models with three different window settings for axial, coronal, and sagittal axes were trained and validated. The performance of these individual and ensemble models was evaluated and compared using a test dataset. Odds ratio, Akaike's information criterion (AIC), and area under curve (AUC) on receiver-operative-characteristic curve, accuracy, and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. RESULTS An optimal window setting to classify normal and abnormal scans was different for each axis of the individual models. An ensembled model using different axes with an optimized window setting (window-triad) showed better performance than ensembled models using the same axis and different windows settings (axis-triad). Increase in odds ratio and decrease in SD were observed in both axis-triad and window-triad models compared with individual models, whereas improvements of AUC and AIC were seen in window-triad models. An overall model averaging the probabilities of all individual models showed the best accuracy of 82.0%. CONCLUSIONS Data ensemble using different window settings and axes was effective to improve 2D-CNN performance parameters for the classification of brain FDG-PET scans. If prospectively validated with a larger cohort of patients, similar models could provide decision support in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Nobashi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Claudia Zacharias
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jason K Ellis
- DimensionalMechanics Inc.®, 2821 Northup Way Suite, Bellevue, WA, #200, USA
| | - Valentina Ferri
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Koran
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Benjamin L Franc
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Guido A Davidzon
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Office H2228, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Quon JL, Han M, Kim LH, Koran ME, Cheng LC, Lee EH, Wright J, Ramaswamy V, Lober RM, Taylor MD, Grant GA, Cheshier SH, Kestle JRW, Edwards MS, Yeom KW. Artificial intelligence for automatic cerebral ventricle segmentation and volume calculation: a clinical tool for the evaluation of pediatric hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2020; 27:131-138. [PMID: 33260138 PMCID: PMC9707365 DOI: 10.3171/2020.6.peds20251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Imaging evaluation of the cerebral ventricles is important for clinical decision-making in pediatric hydrocephalus. Although quantitative measurements of ventricular size, over time, can facilitate objective comparison, automated tools for calculating ventricular volume are not structured for clinical use. The authors aimed to develop a fully automated deep learning (DL) model for pediatric cerebral ventricle segmentation and volume calculation for widespread clinical implementation across multiple hospitals. METHODS The study cohort consisted of 200 children with obstructive hydrocephalus from four pediatric hospitals, along with 199 controls. Manual ventricle segmentation and volume calculation values served as "ground truth" data. An encoder-decoder convolutional neural network architecture, in which T2-weighted MR images were used as input, automatically delineated the ventricles and output volumetric measurements. On a held-out test set, segmentation accuracy was assessed using the Dice similarity coefficient (0 to 1) and volume calculation was assessed using linear regression. Model generalizability was evaluated on an external MRI data set from a fifth hospital. The DL model performance was compared against FreeSurfer research segmentation software. RESULTS Model segmentation performed with an overall Dice score of 0.901 (0.946 in hydrocephalus, 0.856 in controls). The model generalized to external MR images from a fifth pediatric hospital with a Dice score of 0.926. The model was more accurate than FreeSurfer, with faster operating times (1.48 seconds per scan). CONCLUSIONS The authors present a DL model for automatic ventricle segmentation and volume calculation that is more accurate and rapid than currently available methods. With near-immediate volumetric output and reliable performance across institutional scanner types, this model can be adapted to the real-time clinical evaluation of hydrocephalus and improve clinician workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Quon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michelle Han
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lily H. Kim
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mary Ellen Koran
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Leo C. Cheng
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Edward H. Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jason Wright
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert M. Lober
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dayton Children’s Hospital, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Michael D. Taylor
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Gerald A. Grant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Samuel H. Cheshier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John R. W. Kestle
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael S.B. Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kristen W. Yeom
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, California
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Reith F, Koran ME, Davidzon G, Zaharchuk G. Application of Deep Learning to Predict Standardized Uptake Value Ratio and Amyloid Status on 18F-Florbetapir PET Using ADNI Data. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:980-986. [PMID: 32499247 PMCID: PMC7342760 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cortical amyloid quantification on PET by using the standardized uptake value ratio is valuable for research studies and clinical trials in Alzheimer disease. However, it is resource intensive, requiring co-registered MR imaging data and specialized segmentation software. We investigated the use of deep learning to automatically quantify standardized uptake value ratio and used this for classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset, we identified 2582 18F-florbetapir PET scans, which were separated into positive and negative cases by using a standardized uptake value ratio threshold of 1.1. We trained convolutional neural networks (ResNet-50 and ResNet-152) to predict standardized uptake value ratio and classify amyloid status. We assessed performance based on network depth, number of PET input slices, and use of ImageNet pretraining. We also assessed human performance with 3 readers in a subset of 100 randomly selected cases. RESULTS We have found that 48% of cases were amyloid positive. The best performance was seen for ResNet-50 by using regression before classification, 3 input PET slices, and pretraining, with a standardized uptake value ratio root-mean-square error of 0.054, corresponding to 95.1% correct amyloid status prediction. Using more than 3 slices did not improve performance, but ImageNet initialization did. The best trained network was more accurate than humans (96% versus a mean of 88%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Deep learning algorithms can estimate standardized uptake value ratio and use this to classify 18F-florbetapir PET scans. Such methods have promise to automate this laborious calculation, enabling quantitative measurements rapidly and in settings without extensive image processing manpower and expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Reith
- From the Departments of Radiology (F.R., M.E.K., G.D., G.Z.)
| | - M E Koran
- From the Departments of Radiology (F.R., M.E.K., G.D., G.Z.)
- Nuclear Medicine (M.E.K., G.D.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Davidzon
- From the Departments of Radiology (F.R., M.E.K., G.D., G.Z.)
- Nuclear Medicine (M.E.K., G.D.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Zaharchuk
- From the Departments of Radiology (F.R., M.E.K., G.D., G.Z.)
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Koran ME, Stewart S, Baker JC, Lipnik AJ, Banovac F, Omary RA, Brown DB. Five percent dextrose maximizes dose delivery of Yttrium-90 resin microspheres and reduces rates of premature stasis compared to sterile water. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:745-748. [PMID: 28105342 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resin Yttrium-90 (Y90) microspheres have historically been infused using sterile water (H2O). In 2013, recommendations expanded to allow delivery with 5% dextrose in water (D5W). In this retrospective study, we hypothesized that D5W would improve Y90 delivery with a lower incidence of stasis. We reviewed 190 resin Y90 infusions using H2O (n=137) or D5W (n=53). Y90 dosimetry was calculated using the body surface area method. Infusion was halted if intra-arterial stasis was fluoroscopically identified prior to clearing the vial. Differences between H2O and D5W groups were calculated for activity prescription, percentage of cases reaching stasis, and percentage delivery of prescribed activity using z- and t-test comparisons, with α=0.05. Thirty-one of 137 H2O infusions developed stasis compared to 2 of 53 with D5W (z=3.07, p=1.05E-03). D5W also had a significantly higher prescribed activity than H2O [28.2 millicuries (mCi) vs. 20.4 mCi, respectively; t=5.0, p=1.1E-6]. D5W had a higher delivery percentage of the prescribed dose compared to H2O (101.5 vs. 92.7%, respectively; t=3.8, p=1.92E-4). In conclusion, resin microsphere infusion utilizing D5W has a significantly lower rate of stasis than H2O and results in more complete dose delivery. D5W is preferable to H2O for resin microsphere infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Koran
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Samantha Stewart
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jennifer C Baker
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrew J Lipnik
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Fil Banovac
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Reed A Omary
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Daniel B Brown
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Koran ME, Lipnik AJ, Baker JC, Banovac F, Omary RA, Brown DB. Procedural Impact of a Dedicated Interventional Oncology Service Line in a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center. J Am Coll Radiol 2016; 13:1145-50. [PMID: 27297700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that establishing a dedicated interventional oncology (IO) clinical service line would increase clinic visits and procedural volumes at a single quaternary care academic medical center. METHODS Two time periods were defined: July 2012 to June 2013 (pre-IO clinic) and July 2013 to June 2014 (first year of dedicated IO service). Staff was recruited, and clinic space was provided in the institution's comprehensive cancer center. Clinic visits and procedure numbers were documented using the institution's electronic medical record and billing forms. IO procedures included were transarterial chemoembolization, Y-90 radioembolization, perfusion mapping for Y-90, portal vein embolization, and bland embolization. We compared changes in clinic visit and procedure numbers using paired t tests. Changes after IO initiation were compared to 1-year changes in the Medicare 5% Limited Data Set by cross-referencing Current Procedure Terminology and International Classification of Diseases codes in 2012 and 2013. RESULTS Clinic visits increased from 9 to 204 (P = .003, t = 8.89, df = 3). Procedures increased from 60 to 239 (P = .018, t = 3.85, df = 4). Procedural volumes increased at least 150% for each subtype. The volumes in the 5% Limited Data Set did not change significantly over the 2-year period (443 to 385, P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The establishment of a dedicated IO service significantly increased clinic visits and procedural volumes. National trends were unchanged, suggesting that the impact of our program was not part of a sudden increase of IO procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J Lipnik
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer C Baker
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Filip Banovac
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Reed A Omary
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel B Brown
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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Koran ME, Thornton-Wells TA, Jahanshad N, Glahn DC, Thompson PM, Blangero J, Nichols TE, Kochunov P, Landman BA. Impact of family structure and common environment on heritability estimation for neuroimaging genetics studies using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2014; 1:014005. [PMID: 25558465 PMCID: PMC4281883 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.1.1.014005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging genetics is an emerging methodological field that combines genetic information with medical imaging-derived metrics to understand how genetic factors impact observable phenotypes. In order for a trait to be a reasonable phenotype in an imaging genetics study, it must be heritable: at least some proportion of its variance must be due to genetic influences. The Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR) imaging genetics software can estimate the heritability of a trait in complex pedigrees. We investigate the ability of SOLAR to accurately estimate heritability and common environmental effects on simulated imaging phenotypes in various family structures. We found that heritability is reliably estimated with small family-based studies of 40 to 80 individuals, though subtle differences remain between the family structures. In an imaging application analysis, we found that with 80 subjects in any of the family structures, estimated heritability of white matter fractional anisotropy was biased by <10% for every region of interest. Results from these studies can be used when investigators are evaluating power in planning genetic analyzes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Koran
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, Tennessee
- Vanderbilt University, Medical Scientist Training Program, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Neda Jahanshad
- University of Southern California, Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Imaging Genetics Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Paul M. Thompson
- University of Southern California, Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Imaging Genetics Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - John Blangero
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Genetics, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Thomas E. Nichols
- University of Warwick, Department of Statistics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kochunov
- University of Maryland, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bennett A. Landman
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee
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Abstract
Background Novel risk variants for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been identified and replicated in genome-wide association studies. Recent work has begun to address the relationship between these risk variants and biomarkers of AD, though results have been mixed. The aim of the current study was to characterize single marker and epistatic genetic effects between the top candidate Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to amyloid deposition. Methods We used a combined dataset across ADNI-1 and ADNI-2, and looked within each dataset separately to validate identified genetic effects. Amyloid was quantified using data acquired by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18F-AV-45. Results Two SNP-SNP interactions reached significance when correcting for multiple comparisons, BIN1 (rs7561528, rs744373) xPICALM (rs7851179). Carrying the minor allele in BIN1 was related to higher levels of amyloid deposition, however only in non-carriers of the protective PICALM minor allele. Conclusions Our results support previous research suggesting these candidate SNPs do not show single marker associations with amyloid pathology. However, we provide evidence for a novel interaction between PICALM and BIN1 in relation to amyloid deposition. Risk related to the BIN1 minor allele appears to be mitigated in the presence of the PICALM protective variant. In that way, variance in amyloid plaque burden can be better classified within the context of a complex genetic background. Efforts to model cumulative risk for AD should explicitly account for this epistatic effect, and future studies should explicitly test for such effects whenever statistically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Hohman
- Center for Human Genetics and Research, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mary Ellen Koran
- Center for Human Genetics and Research, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tricia Thornton-Wells
- Center for Human Genetics and Research, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Bruehl S, Denton JS, Lonergan D, Koran ME, Chont M, Sobey C, Fernando S, Bush WS, Mishra P, Thornton-Wells TA. Associations between KCNJ6 (GIRK2) gene polymorphisms and pain-related phenotypes. Pain 2013; 154:2853-2859. [PMID: 23994450 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are effectors determining degree of analgesia experienced upon opioid receptor activation by endogenous and exogenous opioids. The impact of GIRK-related genetic variation on human pain responses has received little research attention. We used a tag single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach to comprehensively examine pain-related effects of KCNJ3 (GIRK1) and KCNJ6 (GIRK2) gene variation. Forty-one KCNJ3 and 69 KCNJ6 tag SNPs were selected, capturing the known variability in each gene. The primary sample included 311 white patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty in whom postsurgical oral opioid analgesic medication order data were available. Primary sample findings were then replicated in an independent white sample of 63 healthy pain-free individuals and 75 individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) who provided data regarding laboratory acute pain responsiveness (ischemic task) and chronic pain intensity and unpleasantness (CLBP only). Univariate quantitative trait analyses in the primary sample revealed that 8 KCNJ6 SNPs were significantly associated with the medication order phenotype (P < .05); overall effects of the KCNJ6 gene (gene set-based analysis) just failed to reach significance (P = .054). No significant KCNJ3 effects were observed. A continuous GIRK Related Risk Score (GRRS) was derived in the primary sample to summarize each individual's number of KCNJ6 "pain risk" alleles. This GRRS was applied to the replication sample, which revealed significant associations (P < .05) between higher GRRS values and lower acute pain tolerance and higher CLBP intensity and unpleasantness. Results suggest further exploration of the impact of KCNJ6 genetic variation on pain outcomes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Bruehl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Koran ME, Hohman T, Meda S, Cobb J, Gore J, Welch B, Thornton‐Wells T. IC‐P‐146: Amyloid burden measured by T1‐rho–weighted MRI in Down syndrome. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jared Cobb
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
| | - John Gore
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
| | - Brian Welch
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
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Koran ME, Hohman T, Meda S, Cobb J, Gore J, Welch B, Thornton‐Wells T. P1–300: Amyloid burden measured by T1‐rho‐weighted MRI in Down syndrome. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jared Cobb
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
| | - John Gore
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
| | - Brian Welch
- Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee United States
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