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Garutti M, Noto C, Pastò B, Cucciniello L, Alajmo M, Casirati A, Pedrazzoli P, Caccialanza R, Puglisi F. Nutritional Management of Oncological Symptoms: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5068. [PMID: 38140327 PMCID: PMC10745914 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout their experience of illness and during the course of treatment, a substantial proportion of cancer patients are prone to develop nutritional and/or metabolic disturbances. Additionally, cancer patients often encounter long-term side effects from therapies, which may lead to impaired digestion, nutrient absorption or bowel motility. Therefore, the preservation and maintenance of an optimal and balanced nutritional status are pivotal to achieving a better prognosis, increasing the tolerance and adherence to cancer therapies and improving the overall quality of life. In this context, personalized nutritional programs are essential for addressing conditions predisposing to weight loss, feeding difficulties, digestion problems and intestinal irregularity, with the goal of promoting adequate nutrient absorption and minimizing the detrimental effects of treatment regimens. The focus of this research is to examine the most common clinical conditions and metabolic changes that cancer patients may experience, including stomatitis, xerostomia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, sub-occlusion, dysgeusia, dysosmia, anorexia, and cachexia. Furthermore, we present a pragmatic example of a multidisciplinary workflow that incorporates customized recipes tailored to individual clinical scenarios, all while maintaining the hedonic value of the meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Garutti
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Claudia Noto
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Brenno Pastò
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Linda Cucciniello
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Casirati
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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