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Muffly L, Pasquini MC, Martens M, Brazauskas R, Zhu X, Adekola K, Aljurf M, Ballen KK, Bajel A, Baron F, Battiwalla M, Beitinjaneh A, Cahn JY, Carabasi M, Chen YB, Chhabra S, Ciurea S, Copelan E, D'Souza A, Edwards J, Foran J, Freytes CO, Fung HC, Gale RP, Giralt S, Hashmi SK, Hildebrandt GC, Ho V, Jakubowski A, Lazarus H, Luskin MR, Martino R, Maziarz R, McCarthy P, Nishihori T, Olin R, Olsson RF, Pawarode A, Peres E, Rezvani AR, Rizzieri D, Savani BN, Schouten HC, Sabloff M, Seftel M, Seo S, Sorror ML, Szer J, Wirk BM, Wood WA, Artz A. Increasing use of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients aged 70 years and older in the United States. Blood 2017; 130:1156-1164. [PMID: 28674027 PMCID: PMC5580273 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-772368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated trends and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in adults ≥70 years with hematologic malignancies across the United States. Adults ≥70 years with a hematologic malignancy undergoing first allogeneic HCT in the United States between 2000 and 2013 and reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research were eligible. Transplant utilization and transplant outcomes, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and transplant-related mortality (TRM) were studied. One thousand one hundred and six patients ≥70 years underwent HCT across 103 transplant centers. The number and proportion of allografts performed in this population rose markedly over the past decade, accounting for 0.1% of transplants in 2000 to 3.85% (N = 298) in 2013. Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes represented the most common disease indications. Two-year OS and PFS significantly improved over time (OS: 26% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21% to 33%] in 2000-2007 to 39% [95% CI, 35% to 42%] in 2008-2013, P < .001; PFS: 22% [16% to 28%] in 2000-2007 to 32% [95% CI, 29% to 36%] in 2008-2013, P = .003). Two-year TRM ranged from 33% to 35% and was unchanged over time (P = .54). Multivariable analysis of OS in the modern era of 2008-2013 revealed higher comorbidity by HCT comorbidity index ≥3 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; P = .006), umbilical cord blood graft (HR, 1.97; P = .0002), and myeloablative conditioning (HR, 1.61; P = .0002) as adverse factors. Over the past decade, utilization and survival after allogeneic transplant have increased in patients ≥70 years. Select adults ≥70 years with hematologic malignancies should be considered for transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Muffly
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Michael Martens
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Ruta Brazauskas
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Xiaochun Zhu
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and
| | | | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center and Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karen K Ballen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ashish Bajel
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, VIC, Australia
| | - Frederic Baron
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege, Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium
| | - Minoo Battiwalla
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amer Beitinjaneh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Jean-Yves Cahn
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathew Carabasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yi-Bin Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Stefan Ciurea
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy and
- Transplant Myeloid Study Group, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Edward Copelan
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC
| | - Anita D'Souza
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and
| | - John Edwards
- Indiana Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | | | - Henry C Fung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Hematology Research Centre, Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Minneapolis, MN
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerhard C Hildebrandt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Vincent Ho
- Center for Hematologic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Hillard Lazarus
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Marlise R Luskin
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rodrigo Martino
- Divison of Clinical Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard Maziarz
- Adult Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Philip McCarthy
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Taiga Nishihori
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Rebecca Olin
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Richard F Olsson
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Attaphol Pawarode
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Edward Peres
- Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | - Andrew R Rezvani
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - David Rizzieri
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinic, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Bipin N Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Harry C Schouten
- Department of Hematology, Academische Ziekenhuis, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell Sabloff
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Seftel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sachiko Seo
- National Cancer Research Center, East Hospital, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mohamed L Sorror
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jeff Szer
- Department Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, VIC, Australia
| | - Baldeep M Wirk
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
| | - William A Wood
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and
| | - Andrew Artz
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Lucas KG, Sun Q, Burton RL, Tilden A, Vaughan WP, Carabasi M, Salzman D, Ship A. A phase I-II trial to examine the toxicity of CMV- and EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes when used for prophylaxis against EBV and CMV disease in recipients of CD34-selected/T cell-depleted stem cell transplants. Hum Gene Ther 2000; 11:1453-63. [PMID: 10910142 DOI: 10.1089/10430340050057521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lymphoproliferative disease and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are major causes of morbidity and mortality in individuals with compromised cellular immunity. Although anti-viral pharmacological agents exist, severe side effects such as myelosuppression often limit the application of these medications. Infusion of ex vivo-expanded, virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) has been proven to be safe and efficacious for the prophylaxis and treatment of EBV and CMV complications. While EBV-specific CTL can be readily and reliably produced with EBV-immortalized B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCL) as stimulators, current protocols for CMV-specific CTL, which use CMV-infected fibroblasts as stimulators, may be associated with alloreactivity and the need for cloning, as well as the potential for exposure to human blood-born infectious agents. Our laboratory has developed a novel system to generate EBV/CMV-bi-specific CTL by co-culturing PBMC with autologous BLCL expressing a CMV protein pp65 (BLCLpp65) (Sun et al., 1999). pp65, an immunodominant CMV antigen, is transduced into BLCL by a recombinant retrovirus MSCVpp65. While low in alloreactivity, BLCLpp65-stimulated CTL are cytolytic to autologous cells infected with EBV or CMV, and this cytotoxicity is mediated by polyclonal, CD8+, MHC Class I-restricted T-cells. Further experiments revealed that retroviral transduction and expression of pp65 do not compromise the capacity of presenting EBV antigens, and T cells stimulated by BLCLpp65 recognize clinical strains of CMV (Sun et al., 2000). These data indicated that BLCLpp65 could substitute for BLCL as antigen presenting cells in adoptive immunotherapy against EBV-LPD, with the benefit of providing protection against CMV reactivation. This protocol is a Phase I/II study to examine the toxicity associated with and the immunologic effects of ex vivo simultaneously expanded EBV- and CMV-specific CTL for prophylaxis against EBV and CMV complications in recipients of CD34 selected/T-cell depleted stem cell transplants (SCT). EBV/CMV-specific CTL will be generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of EBV/CMV-seropositive donors in a course of from 21-28 days by weekly stimulation with autologous BLCLpp65. Qualified CTL will be administered to consenting patients at 40, 60, and 80 days post-transpOFF criteria of molecular virology and immunological reconstitution, which include blood levels of pp65 antigen and EBV viral DNA, and virus-specific CTL precursor frequency. Patients will also be tested for replication-competent retrovirus at 3, 6, and 12 month intervals post-transplant to ensure bio-safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Lucas
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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