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Fujita K, Ellis MW, Sheikh F. Calcium "stress" adds a third hit in driving heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H414-H416. [PMID: 36763507 PMCID: PMC9988519 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00075.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Fujita
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Farah Sheikh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
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2
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Riaz M, Park J, Sewanan LR, Ren Y, Schwan J, Das SK, Pomianowski PT, Huang Y, Ellis MW, Luo J, Liu J, Song L, Chen IP, Qiu C, Yazawa M, Tellides G, Hwa J, Young LH, Yang L, Marboe CC, Jacoby DL, Campbell SG, Qyang Y. Muscle LIM Protein Force-Sensing Mediates Sarcomeric Biomechanical Signaling in Human Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2022; 145:1238-1253. [PMID: 35384713 PMCID: PMC9109819 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease and is typically caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins that regulate cardiac contractility. HCM manifestations include left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, arrythmias, and sudden cardiac death. How dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological remodeling remains poorly understood in HCM, thereby inhibiting the efficient development of new therapeutics. METHODS Our discovery was based on insights from a severe phenotype of an individual with HCM and a second genetic alteration in a sarcomeric mechanosensing protein. We derived cardiomyocytes from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and developed robust engineered heart tissues by seeding induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes into a laser-cut scaffold possessing native cardiac fiber alignment to study human cardiac mechanobiology at both the cellular and tissue levels. Coupled with computational modeling for muscle contraction and rescue of disease phenotype by gene editing and pharmacological interventions, we have identified a new mechanotransduction pathway in HCM, shown to be essential in modulating the phenotypic expression of HCM in 5 families bearing distinct sarcomeric mutations. RESULTS Enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation caused by sarcomeric mutations in cardiac myosin heavy chain (MYH7) led to increased force generation, which, when coupled with slower twitch relaxation, destabilized the MLP (muscle LIM protein) stretch-sensing complex at the Z-disc. Subsequent reduction in the sarcomeric muscle LIM protein level caused disinhibition of calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells signaling, which promoted cardiac hypertrophy. We demonstrate that the common muscle LIM protein-W4R variant is an important modifier, exacerbating the phenotypic expression of HCM, but alone may not be a disease-causing mutation. By mitigating enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation through either genetic or pharmacological means, we alleviated stress at the Z-disc, preventing the development of hypertrophy associated with sarcomeric mutations. CONCLUSIONS Our studies have uncovered a novel biomechanical mechanism through which dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological signaling, remodeling, and hypertrophic responses. Together, these establish the foundation for developing innovative mechanism-based treatments for HCM that stabilize the Z-disc MLP-mechanosensory complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lorenzo R. Sewanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Subhash K. Das
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew W. Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Juli Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Loujin Song
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Masayuki Yazawa
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Young
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Charles C. Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel L. Jacoby
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stuart G. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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3
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Luo J, Qin L, Park J, Kural MH, Huang Y, Shi X, Riaz M, Wang J, Ellis MW, Anderson CW, Yuan Y, Ren Y, Yoder MC, Tellides G, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Readily Available Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Derived From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Circ Res 2022; 130:925-927. [PMID: 35189711 PMCID: PMC9113663 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | | | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Anesthesiology (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., L.E.N.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (X.S.)
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Juan Wang
- Anesthesiology (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., L.E.N.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology (M.W.E.)
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Pathology, Yale School of Medicine (C.W.A., Y.Q.)
| | - Yifan Yuan
- Anesthesiology (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., L.E.N.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A. (M.C.Y.)
| | - George Tellides
- Surgery (L.Q., G.T.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Anesthesiology (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., L.E.N.)
- Biomedical Engineering (L.E.N.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, U.S.A. (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., Y.Q.)
- Yale Stem Cell Center (J.L., J.P., Y.H., X.S., M.R., M.W.E., C.W.A., Y.R., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine (M.H.K., J.W., Y.Y., G.T., L.E.N., Y.Q.)
- Pathology, Yale School of Medicine (C.W.A., Y.Q.)
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4
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Ellis MW, Riaz M, Huang Y, Anderson CW, Luo J, Park J, Lopez CA, Batty LD, Gibson KH, Qyang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate facilitates extracellular elastin fiber formation in induced pluripotent stem cell derived vascular smooth muscle cells for tissue engineering. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:167-174. [PMID: 34979103 PMCID: PMC8920537 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts possess several advantages over synthetic or autologous grafts, including increased availability and reduced rates of infection and thrombosis. Engineered grafts constructed from human induced pluripotent stem cell derivatives further offer enhanced reproducibility in graft production. One notable obstacle to clinical application of these grafts is the lack of elastin in the vessel wall, which would serve to endow compliance in addition to mechanical strength. This study establishes the ability of the polyphenol compound epigallocatechin gallate, a principal component of green tea, to facilitate the extracellular formation of elastin fibers in vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Further, this study describes the creation of a doxycycline-inducible elastin expression system to uncouple elastin production from vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative capacity to permit fiber formation in conditions conducive to robust tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Colleen A Lopez
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Luke D Batty
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kimberley H Gibson
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging: Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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5
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Luo J, Lin Y, Shi X, Li G, Kural MH, Anderson CW, Ellis MW, Riaz M, Tellides G, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Xenogeneic-free generation of vascular smooth muscle cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:155-168. [PMID: 33130306 PMCID: PMC8168373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Development of mechanically advanced tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) offers an innovative approach to replace or bypass diseased blood vessels. To move current hiPSC-TEVGs toward clinical application, it is essential to obtain hiPSC-VSMC-derived tissues under xenogeneic-free conditions, meaning without the use of any animal-derived reagents. Many approaches in VSMC differentiation of hiPSCs have been reported, although a xenogeneic-free method for generating hiPSC-VSMCs suitable for vascular tissue engineering has yet to be established. Based on our previously established standard method of xenogeneic VSMC differentiation, we have replaced all animal-derived reagents with functional counterparts of human origin and successfully derived functional xenogeneic-free hiPSC-VSMCs (XF-hiPSC-VSMCs). Next, our group developed tissue rings via cellular self-assembly from XF-hiPSC-VSMCs, which exhibited comparable mechanical strength to those developed from xenogeneic hiPSC-VSMCs. Moreover, by seeding XF-hiPSC-VSMCs onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds, we generated engineered vascular tissues presenting effective collagen deposition which were suitable for implantation into an immunodeficient mice model. In conclusion, our xenogeneic-free conditions for generating hiPSC-VSMCs produce cells with the comparable capacity for vascular tissue engineering as standard xenogeneic protocols, thereby moving the hiPSC-TEVG technology one step closer to safe and efficacious clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yuyao Lin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA.
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6
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Luo J, Shi X, Lin Y, Yuan Y, Kural MH, Wang J, Ellis MW, Anderson CW, Zhang SM, Riaz M, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Efficient Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Endothelial Cells under Xenogeneic-free Conditions for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:184-196. [PMID: 33166710 PMCID: PMC8133308 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) represent a promising therapeutic option for emergency vascular intervention. Although the application of small-diameter TEVGs using patient-specific primary endothelial cells (ECs) to prevent thrombosis and occlusion prior to implantation could be hindered by the long time course required for in vitro endothelialization, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide a robust source to derive immunocompatible ECs (hiPSC-ECs) for immediate TEVG endothelialization. To achieve clinical application, hiPSC-ECs should be derived under culture conditions without the use of animal-derived reagents (xenogeneic-free conditions), to avoid unwanted host immune responses from xenogeneic reagents. However, a completely xenogeneic-free method of hiPSC-EC generation has not previously been established. Herein, we substituted animal-derived reagents used in a standard method of xenogeneic hiPSC-EC differentiation with functional counterparts of human origin. As a result, we generated xenogeneic-free hiPSC-ECs (XF-hiPSC-ECs) with similar marker expression and function to those of human primary ECs. Furthermore, XF-hiPSC-ECs functionally responded to shear stress with typical cell alignment and gene expression. Finally, we successfully endothelialized decellularized human vessels with XF-hiPSC-ECs in a dynamic bioreactor system. In conclusion, we developed xenogeneic-free conditions for generating functional hiPSC-ECs suitable for vascular tissue engineering, which will further move TEVG therapy toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yuyao Lin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yifan Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA.
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7
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Luo J, Qin L, Zhao L, Gui L, Ellis MW, Huang Y, Kural MH, Clark JA, Ono S, Wang J, Yuan Y, Zhang SM, Cong X, Li G, Riaz M, Lopez C, Hotta A, Campbell S, Tellides G, Dardik A, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts with Advanced Mechanical Strength from Human iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:251-261.e8. [PMID: 31956039 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can be derived in large numbers from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for producing tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). However, hiPSC-derived TEVGs are hampered by low mechanical strength and significant radial dilation after implantation. Here, we report generation of hiPSC-derived TEVGs with mechanical strength comparable to native vessels used in arterial bypass grafts by utilizing biodegradable scaffolds, incremental pulsatile stretching, and optimal culture conditions. Following implantation into a rat aortic model, hiPSC-derived TEVGs show excellent patency without luminal dilation and effectively maintain mechanical and contractile function. This study provides a foundation for future production of non-immunogenic, cellularized hiPSC-derived TEVGs composed of allogenic vascular cells, potentially serving needs to a considerable number of patients whose dysfunctional vascular cells preclude TEVG generation via other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Liqiong Gui
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - J Alexander Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Shun Ono
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yifan Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun 130021, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Colleen Lopez
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Stuart Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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8
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Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers a practically infinite and ethically acceptable source to obtain a variety of somatic cells. Coupled with the biotechnologies of cell therapy or tissue engineering, iPSC technology will enormously contribute to human regenerative medicine. Before clinical application, such human iPSC (hiPSC)-based therapies should be assessed using large animal models that more closely match biological or biomechanical properties of human patients. Therefore, it is critical to generate large animal iPSCs, obtain their iPSC-derived somatic cells, and preclinically evaluate their therapeutic efficacy and safety in large animals. During the past decade, the establishment of iPSC lines of a series of large animal species has been documented, and the acquisition and preclinical evaluation of iPSC-derived somatic cells has also been reported. Despite this progress, significant obstacles, such as obtaining or preserving the bona fide pluripotency of large animal iPSCs, have been encountered. Simultaneously, studies of large animal iPSCs have been overlooked in comparison with those of mouse and hiPSCs, and this field deserves more attention and support due to its important preclinical relevance. Herein, this review will focus on the large animal models of pigs, dogs, horses, and sheep/goats, and summarize current progress, challenges, and potential future directions of research on large animal iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cong
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, Connecticut
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9
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Goedeke L, Bates J, Vatner DF, Perry RJ, Wang T, Ramirez R, Li L, Ellis MW, Zhang D, Wong KE, Beysen C, Cline GW, Ray AS, Shulman GI. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibition Reverses NAFLD and Hepatic Insulin Resistance but Promotes Hypertriglyceridemia in Rodents. Hepatology 2018; 68:2197-2211. [PMID: 29790582 PMCID: PMC6251774 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) enzymes, ACC1 and ACC2, offers an attractive therapeutic strategy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through simultaneous inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and stimulation of fatty acid oxidation. However, the effects of ACC inhibition on hepatic mitochondrial oxidation, anaplerosis, and ketogenesis in vivo are unknown. Here, we evaluated the effect of a liver-directed allosteric inhibitor of ACC1 and ACC2 (Compound 1) on these parameters, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism, in control and diet-induced rodent models of NAFLD. Oral administration of Compound 1 preferentially inhibited ACC enzymatic activity in the liver, reduced hepatic malonyl-CoA levels, and enhanced hepatic ketogenesis by 50%. Furthermore, administration for 6 days to high-fructose-fed rats resulted in a 20% reduction in hepatic de novo lipogenesis. Importantly, long-term treatment (21 days) significantly reduced high-fat sucrose diet-induced hepatic steatosis, protein kinase C epsilon activation, and hepatic insulin resistance. ACCi treatment was associated with a significant increase in plasma triglycerides (approximately 30% to 130%, depending on the length of fasting). ACCi-mediated hypertriglyceridemia could be attributed to approximately a 15% increase in hepatic very low-density lipoprotein production and approximately a 20% reduction in triglyceride clearance by lipoprotein lipase (P ≤ 0.05). At the molecular level, these changes were associated with increases in liver X receptor/sterol response element-binding protein-1 and decreases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α target activation and could be reversed with fenofibrate co-treatment in a high-fat diet mouse model. Conclusion: Collectively, these studies warrant further investigation into the therapeutic utility of liver-directed ACC inhibition for the treatment of NAFLD and hepatic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Goedeke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520
| | | | - Daniel F. Vatner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520
| | - Rachel J. Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520
| | - Ting Wang
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City CA 94404
| | | | - Li Li
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City CA 94404
| | - Matthew W. Ellis
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520
| | | | | | - Gary W. Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520
| | | | - Gerald I. Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, 06520,Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520
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10
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Luo J, Qin L, Kural MH, Schwan J, Li X, Bartulos O, Cong XQ, Ren Y, Gui L, Li G, Ellis MW, Li P, Kotton DN, Dardik A, Pober JS, Tellides G, Rolle M, Campbell S, Hawley RJ, Sachs DH, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Vascular smooth muscle cells derived from inbred swine induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2017; 147:116-132. [PMID: 28942128 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of autologous tissue-engineered vascular constructs using vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great potential in treating patients with vascular disease. However, preclinical, large animal iPSC-based cellular and tissue models are required to evaluate safety and efficacy prior to clinical application. Herein, swine iPSC (siPSC) lines were established by introducing doxycycline-inducible reprogramming factors into fetal fibroblasts from a line of inbred Massachusetts General Hospital miniature swine that accept tissue and organ transplants without immunosuppression within the line. Highly enriched, functional VSMCs were derived from siPSCs based on addition of ascorbic acid and inactivation of reprogramming factor via doxycycline withdrawal. Moreover, siPSC-VSMCs seeded onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds readily formed vascular tissues, which were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice and showed further maturation revealed by expression of the mature VSMC marker, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. Finally, using a robust cellular self-assembly approach, we developed 3D scaffold-free tissue rings from siPSC-VSMCs that showed comparable mechanical properties and contractile function to those developed from swine primary VSMCs. These engineered vascular constructs, prepared from doxycycline-inducible inbred siPSCs, offer new opportunities for preclinical investigation of autologous human iPSC-based vascular tissues for patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Oscar Bartulos
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiao-Qiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun, 130021, China
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liqiong Gui
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Peining Li
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marsha Rolle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Stuart Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Robert J Hawley
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - David H Sachs
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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11
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Shaik R, Ellis MW, Starr MJ, Amato NJ, Bryant-Friedrich AC. Photochemical Generation of a C5′-Uridinyl Radical. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2379-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raziya Shaik
- Unicon Pharma, Inc.; 2015 Lincoln Highway Suite 234 Edison NJ 08817 USA
| | - Matthew W. Ellis
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry; The University of Toledo; 2801 W Bancroft Street MS 606 Toledo OH 43606 USA
| | - Matthew J. Starr
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry; The University of Toledo; 2801 W Bancroft Street MS 606 Toledo OH 43606 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Amato
- Department of Chemistry; The University of California, Riverside; 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Amanda C. Bryant-Friedrich
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry; The University of Toledo; 2801 W Bancroft Street MS 606 Toledo OH 43606 USA
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12
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Ellis MW. Controlling overservicing by physicians: review of office practices in Manitoba. CMAJ 1992; 147:286. [PMID: 1643587 PMCID: PMC1336185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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13
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Withers RT, Whittingham NO, Norton KI, La Forgia J, Ellis MW, Crockett A. Relative body fat and anthropometric prediction of body density of female athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1987; 56:169-80. [PMID: 3569223 DOI: 10.1007/bf00640641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ninety-one percent (n = 182) of the female members of South Australian representative squads in 14 sports volunteered to act as subjects. Twenty-seven percent of them had represented Australia. The underwater weighing method together with the measurement of residual volume (RV) by helium dilution were used to determine body density (BD); the percent body fat (% BF) was then computed according to Siri. A stepwise multiple regression analysis yielded a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.863 between the criterion (BD) and the best weighted sum of predictors (anthropometric variables): BD (g X cm-3) = 1.14075-0.04959 (log10 sigma triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and calf skinfolds in mm) + 0.00044 (age in decimal years)-0.000612 (waist girth in cm) + 0.000284 (height in cm)-0.000505 (gluteal girth in cm) + 0.000331 (breast girth in cm). Only those predictors which resulted in a statistically significant increase in R (p less than or equal to 0.05) were included. The standard error of estimate of 0.00597 g X cm-3 was equivalent to 2.7% BF at the mean. This equation was shown to be largely population specific. There was a range of 7.6-35.8% of BF and the overall mean 18.5% was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than that of 23.4% obtained on a moderately active reference sample of similar age (n = 135). If group sizes of only one or two are regarded as too small for meaningful comparison, then the lowest mean of 13.5% was achieved by the long-distance runners (n = 14). The highest averages were registered by the heavyweight rowers (24.2%; n = 7) and soccer players (22.0%; n = 11). The overall average for games players (n = 107) was 19.4%.
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14
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