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Hose L, Schürmann M, Mennebröcker I, Kim R, Busche T, Goon P, Sudhoff H. Characterization of non-invasive oropharyngeal samples and nucleic acid isolation for molecular diagnostics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4061. [PMID: 38374370 PMCID: PMC10876689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular diagnostics is an increasingly important clinical tool, especially in routine sampling. We evaluated two non-invasive methods (oral swabs and mouthwashes) for sampling nucleic acids from the oral/pharyngeal area. We created a workflow from sample collection (n = 59) to RT-qPCR based analysis. The samples were further characterized in terms of their cellular composition as well as the purity, degradation and microbial content of the derived DNA/RNA. We determined the optimal housekeeping genes applicable for these types of samples. The cellular composition indicated that mouthwashes contained more immune cells and bacteria. Even though the protocol was not specifically optimized to extract bacterial RNA it was possible to derive microbial RNA, from both sampling methods. Optimizing the protocol allowed us to generate stable quantities of DNA/RNA. DNA/RNA purity parameters were not significantly different between the two sampling methods. Even though integrity analysis demonstrated a high level of degradation of RNA, corresponding parameters confirmed their sequencing potential. RT-qPCR analysis determined TATA-Box Binding Protein as the most favorable housekeeping gene. In summary, we have developed a robust method suitable for multiple downstream diagnostic techniques. This protocol can be used as a foundation for further research endeavors focusing on developing molecular diagnostics for the oropharyngeal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Hose
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Inga Mennebröcker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rayoung Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tobias Busche
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Goon
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
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Shao S, Scholtz LU, Gendreizig S, Martínez-Ruiz L, Florido J, Escames G, Schürmann M, Hain C, Hose L, Mentz A, Schmidt P, Wang M, Goon P, Wehmeier M, Brasch F, Kalinowski J, Oppel F, Sudhoff H. Primary head and neck cancer cell cultures are susceptible to proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus infected lymphocytes. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:47. [PMID: 36639629 PMCID: PMC9840248 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New concepts for a more effective anti-cancer therapy are urgently needed. Experimental flaws represent a major counter player of this development and lead to inaccurate and unreproducible data as well as unsuccessful translation of research approaches into clinics. In a previous study we have created epithelial cell cultures from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissue. METHODS We characterize primary cell populations isolated from human papillomavirus positive HNSCC tissue for their marker expression by RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. Their sensitivity to MDM2-inhibition was measured using cell viability assays. RESULTS Primary HNSCC cell cultures showed the delayed formation of spheroids at higher passages. These spheroids mimicked the morphology and growth characteristics of other established HNSCC spheroid models. However, expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers could not be detected in these cells despite the presence of the HNSCC stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1. Instead, strong expression of B- and T-lymphocytes markers was observed. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a heterogeneous mixture of CD3 + /CD25 + T-lymphocytes and CD19 + B-lymphocytes at a ratio of 4:1 at passage 5 and transformed lymphocytes at late passages (≥ passage 12) with CD45 + CD19 + CD20 + , of which around 10 to 20% were CD3 + CD25 + CD56 + . Interestingly, the whole population was FOXP3-positive indicative of regulatory B-cells (Bregs). Expression of transcripts specific for the Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) was detected to increase in these spheroid cells along late passages, and this population was vulnerable to MDM2 inhibition. HPV + HNSCC cells but not EBV + lymphocytes were detected to engraft into immunodeficient mice. CONCLUSIONS In this study we present a primary cell culture of EBV-infected tumor-infiltrating B-lymphocytes, which could be used to study the role of these cells in tumor biology in future research projects. Moreover, by describing the detailed characteristics of these cells, we aim to caution other researchers in the HNSCC field to test for EBV-infected lymphocyte contaminations in primary cell cultures ahead of further experiments. Especially researchers who are interested in TIL-based adopted immunotherapy should exclude these cells in their primary tumor models, e.g. by MDM2-inhibitor treatment. BI-12-derived xenograft tumors represent a suitable model for in vivo targeting studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyao Shao
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lars Uwe Scholtz
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sarah Gendreizig
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Laura Martínez-Ruiz
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.459499.cCIBERFES, Ibs. Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Florido
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.459499.cCIBERFES, Ibs. Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.459499.cCIBERFES, Ibs. Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Matthias Schürmann
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Carsten Hain
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Leonie Hose
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany ,Department of Pathology, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Almut Mentz
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Pascal Schmidt
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Menghang Wang
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Peter Goon
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Wehmeier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frank Brasch
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Felix Oppel
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604 Bielefeld, Germany
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Schürmann M, Goon P, Sudhoff H. Review of potential medical treatments for middle ear cholesteatoma. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:148. [PMID: 36123729 PMCID: PMC9487140 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00953-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC), is a destructive, and locally invasive lesion in the middle ear driven by inflammation with an annual incidence of 10 per 100,000. Surgical extraction/excision remains the only treatment strategy available and recurrence is high (up to 40%), therefore developing the first pharmaceutical treatments for MEC is desperately required. This review was targeted at connecting the dysregulated inflammatory network of MEC to pathogenesis and identification of pharmaceutical targets. We summarized the numerous basic research endeavors undertaken over the last 30+ years to identify the key targets in the dysregulated inflammatory pathways and judged the level of evidence for a given target if it was generated by in vitro, in vivo or clinical experiments. MEC pathogenesis was found to be connected to cytokines characteristic for Th1, Th17 and M1 cells. In addition, we found that the inflammation created damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which further promoted inflammation. Similar positive feedback loops have already been described for other Th1/Th17 driven inflammatory diseases (arthritis, Crohn’s disease or multiple sclerosis). A wide-ranging search for molecular targeted therapies (MTT) led to the discovery of over a hundred clinically approved drugs already applied in precision medicine. Based on exclusion criteria designed to enable fast translation as well as efficacy, we condensed the numerous MTTs down to 13 top drugs. The review should serve as groundwork for the primary goal, which is to provide potential pharmaceutical therapies to MEC patients for the first time in history. Video Abstract
Middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC) is a destructive and locally invasive ulcerated lesion in the middle ear driven by inflammation which occurs in 10 out of 100,000 people annually. Surgical extraction/excision is the only treatment strategy available and recurrence is high (up to 40% after ten years), therefore developing the first pharmaceutical treatments for MEC is desperately required. This review is focused on the connections between inflammation and MEC pathogenesis. These connections can be used as attack points for pharmaceuticals. For this we summarized the results of research undertaken over the last 30 + years. MEC pathogenesis can be described by specific inflammatory dysregulation already known from arthritis, Crohn’s disease or multiple sclerosis. A hallmark of this dysregulation are positive feedback loops of the inflammation further amplifying itself in a vicious circle-like manner. We have identified over one hundred drugs which are already used in clinic to treat other inflammatory diseases, and could potentially be repurposed to treat MEC. To improve and expedite clinical success rates, we applied certain criteria based on our literature searches and condensed these drugs down to the 13 top drugs. We hope the review will serve as groundwork for the primary goal, which is to provide potential pharmaceutical therapies to MEC patients for the first time in history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Goon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universität Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Oppel F, Shao S, Gendreizig S, Zimmerman MW, Schürmann M, Viyof Ful F, Goon P, Chi SN, Aster JC, Sudhoff H, Look AT. p53 pathway inactivation drives SMARCB1-deficient p53-wildtype epithelioid sarcoma onset indicating therapeutic vulnerability through MDM2 inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1689-1700. [PMID: 36099437 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss of the gene SMARCB1 drives the development of malignant rhabdoid tumors, epithelioid sarcomas, and other malignancies. The SMARCB1 protein is a core component of the SWI/SNF-family of chromatin remodeling complexes, which are important regulators of gene expression and cell differentiation. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 to create germline smarcb1 loss-of-function in zebrafish. We demonstrate that the combination of smarcb1-deficiency with mutant p53 results in the development of epithelioid sarcomas, angiosarcomas, and carcinomas of the thyroid and colon. Although human epithelioid sarcomas do not frequently harbor p53 mutations, smarcb1-deficient tumors in zebrafish were only observed following disruption of p53, indicating that p53 signaling in human tumors might be attenuated through alternative mechanisms, such as MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53. To leverage this possibility for the treatment of human epithelioid sarcoma, we tested small molecule-mediated disruption of the p53-MDM2 interaction, which stabilized p53 protein leading to p53-pathway reactivation, cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. Moreover, we found that MDM2 inhibition and the topoisomerase II inhibitor doxorubicin synergize in targeting epithelioid sarcoma cell viability. This could be especially relevant for epithelioid sarcoma patients since doxorubicin represents the current gold standard for their clinical treatment. Our results therefore warrant reactivating p53 protein in SMARCB1-deficient, p53-wildtype epithelioid sarcomas using combined doxorubicin and MDM2 inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Oppel
- University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Senyao Shao
- Klinikum Bielefeld Mitte, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Goon
- University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Susan N Chi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jon C Aster
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - A Thomas Look
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
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Oppel F, Shao S, Gendreizig S, Kühnel P, Przybycin V, Hain C, Schmidt P, Schürmann M, Goon P, Niehaus K, Kalinowski J, Sudhoff H. Abstract 111: Head and neck cancer cells can differentiate and resemble their tissue of origin. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly malignant disease with a mortality rate of about 50%. It represents the sixth most common type of malignant tumor in the world. Risk factors include tobacco and alcohol usage and infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV-negative HNSCCs frequently display areas of cornification evident by keratin pearls in the tumor tissue. Cornification represents a natural differentiation path of keratinocytes in the normal epidermis and oral mucosa. To investigate the mechanisms of HNSCC cell differentiation we have established spheroid cell cultures from patient-derived HNSCC and parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) tissue that grow in suspension under serum-free conditions. The use of a specific differentiation medium induced striking adhesion, loss of proliferation, and differentiation in tumor cells. Spheroid cells grew as single cell clones under serum-free conditions with a cloning efficiency of 40-60%, which was fully diminished under differentiating conditions. HNSCC cells cornified as indicated by the formation of lamellar bodies in the cytoplasm of adherent cells and an upregulation of cornification markers SPRR3 and involucrin. ACC cells upregulated parotid gland differentiation markers including α-amylase. RNA-seq analysis in HNSCC cells confirmed an upregulation of signaling pathways associated with cornification and epithelial cell differentiation. Conversely, pathways regulating the three-dimensional organization of the genome were downregulated upon differentiation. This was accompanied by the formation of ATRX-positive heterochromatin foci in the nucleus of differentiated ACC and HNSCC cells resembling those previously described to arise during therapy-induced senescence. Moreover, gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis revealed a lack of essential amino acids including leucine to be implicated in the differentiation process. Altogether, our spheroid model of HNSCC and ACC cells is suitable to analyze the mechanisms underlying tumor cell differentiation and might lead to new therapeutic approaches that can drive long-term repopulating HNSCC and ACC cells into differentiation.
Citation Format: Felix Oppel, Senyao Shao, Sarah Gendreizig, Philipp Kühnel, Vivien Przybycin, Carsten Hain, Pascal Schmidt, Matthias Schürmann, Peter Goon, Karsten Niehaus, Jörn Kalinowski, Holger Sudhoff. Head and neck cancer cells can differentiate and resemble their tissue of origin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 111.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Oppel
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Senyao Shao
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sarah Gendreizig
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Philipp Kühnel
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Vivien Przybycin
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Carsten Hain
- 2Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Pascal Schmidt
- 2Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Peter Goon
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karsten Niehaus
- 2Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- 2Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- 1University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Schürmann M, Aljubeh M, Tiemann C, Sudhoff H. Mouthrinses against SARS-CoV-2: anti-inflammatory effectivity and a clinical pilot study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:5059-5067. [PMID: 34021807 PMCID: PMC8140561 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The scope of this research endeavor was the determination of the applicability of over the counter mouthwash solutions in reducing the viral load in the saliva of COVID-19 patients and hence decreasing their infectivity. Beyond that, new experimental mouthwashes were investigated in terms of a possible positive immune modulation, which might offer an additional opportunity for a positive pharmaceutical effect. Methods The effectivity of the mouth washing solution was determined on 34 hospitalized COVID-19 patients by measuring the viral load by RT-qPCR in pharyngeal swabs, which were taken before and after rinsing. The inflammatory modulation thru the experimental solutions was assayed in an in vitro model of virus infected nasopharyngeal epithelium cells. Results The clinical pilot study demonstrated that the mouth rinsing solution was able to reduce the viral load by about 90% in the saliva of most patients. This reduction was determined to persist for about 6 h. In the experimental solutions, the ingredients dexpanthenol and zinc were able to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the cell culture model, while the antiviral response was not altered significantly. Conclusion We recommend the application of mouth wash solutions to COVID-19 patients, since our results indicate a reduction in infectivity and might govern the protection of health care professionals. Further improvement to the over the counter formulation can be made by utilizing zinc and dexpanthenol, as they which might be beneficial for the patients’ health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-021-06873-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty OWL, Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mohamed Aljubeh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty OWL, Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Carsten Tiemann
- Labor Krone, Laboratory for Medical Diagnostics, Bad Salzuflen, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty OWL, Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Polykandriotis E, Zschiegner A, Horch RE, Schürmann M. Bone Allograft and Locking Plate for Severe Proximal Humeral Fractures: Early and Late Outcomes. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928982. [PMID: 34006820 PMCID: PMC8142705 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early failure of osteosyntheses is common even with use of locking plates. In patients with comminuted fractures and epiphyseal osseous defects, we performed a series of osteosyntheses by locking plate in combination with an allograft bone augmentation. Because of encouraging short-term results in the literature, we assumed that the method could be a potential alternative to a reverse shoulder prosthesis. Material/Methods Twenty-six patients with a dislocated proximal humeral fracture (Neer IV/V/VI) were studied. A lyophilized allogeneic bone graft was used to reinforce the humeral head fragments before locking plate osteosynthesis. The outcomes of fractures were assessed with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and Constant-Murley (Constant) scores, range of motion, a visual analog scale, and with radiological testing. The Constant-Murley scores were the endpoint of our study. Results The Neer classification of the fractures was type IV in 4 patients, type V in 20 patients, and type VI in 2 patients. The mean DASH score was 52.85 (range, 4.17–79.3) and the mean Constant score was 39.26 (range, 17–88). We observed late necrosis of the humeral head in 15 of 24 patients (62.5%), although early radiological follow-up showed that the humeral head had been anatomically reconstructed. Conclusions Long-term follow-up demonstrated inferior functional results, as displayed by poor Constant scores. There was a high incidence of necrosis, in spite of initial anatomical reconstruction. Biointegration of the allogeneic bone graft and revascularization of the humeral head fragments could be impaired in geriatric patients who have gross dislocation. Therefore, augmentation of the humeral head with allogeneic bone grafts cannot be recommended in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Polykandriotis
- Department of Plastic, Hand, and Microsurgery, Sana Hospital Hof, Hof/Saale, Germany.,Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Sana Hospital Hof, Hof/Saale, Germany
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Schürmann M, Oppel F, Shao S, Volland-Thurn V, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B, Scholtz LU, Sudhoff H. Chronic inflammation of middle ear cholesteatoma promotes its recurrence via a paracrine mechanism. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:25. [PMID: 33627146 PMCID: PMC7903614 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholesteatoma disease is an expanding lesion in the middle ear. Hearing loss and facial paralysis alongside with other intracranial complications are found. No pharmaceutical treatment is available today and recurrence after surgical extraction occurs. We investigated possible TLR4-based mechanisms promoting recurrence and explore possible treatments strategies. Methods We isolated fibroblasts and epidermal stem cells from cholesteatoma tissue and healthy auditory canal skin. Subsequently, their expression under standard culture conditions and after stimulation with LPS was investigated by RT-qPCR. Cell metabolism and proliferation were analysed upon LPS treatment, with and without TLR4 antagonist. An indirect co-culture of fibroblasts and epidermal stem cells isolated from cholesteatoma tissue was utilized to monitor epidermal differentiation upon LPS treatment by RT-qPCR and immunocytochemistry. Results Under standard culture conditions, we detected a tissue-independent higher expression of IL-1β and IL-8 in stem cells, an upregulation of KGF and IGF-2 in both cell types derived from cholesteatoma and higher expression of TLR4 in stem cells derived from cholesteatoma tissue. Upon LPS challenge, we could detect a significantly higher expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 in stem cells and of TNF-a, GM-CSF and CXCL-5 in stem cells and fibroblasts derived from cholesteatoma. The expression of the growth factors KGF, EGF, EREG, IGF-2 and HGF was significantly higher in fibroblasts, particularly when derived from cholesteatoma. Upon treatment with LPS the metabolism was elevated in stem cells and fibroblasts, proliferation was only enhanced in fibroblasts derived from cholesteatoma. This could be reversed by the treatment with a TLR4 antagonist. The cholesteatoma fibroblasts could be triggered by LPS to promote the epidermal differentiation of the stem cells, while no LPS treatment or LPS treatment without the presence of fibroblasts did not result in such a differentiation. Conclusion We propose that cholesteatoma recurrence is based on TLR4 signalling imprinted in the cholesteatoma cells. It induces excessive inflammation of stem cells and fibroblasts, proliferation of perimatrix fibroblasts and the generation of epidermal cells from stem cells thru paracrine signalling by fibroblasts. Treatment of the operation site with a TLR4 antagonist might reduce the chance of cholesteatoma recurrence. ![]()
Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Felix Oppel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Senyao Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Verena Volland-Thurn
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University , 33619, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lars-Uwe Scholtz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School OWL Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Teutoburger Str. 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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9
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Frese N, Schmerer P, Wortmann M, Schürmann M, König M, Westphal M, Weber F, Sudhoff H, Gölzhäuser A. Imaging of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells by helium ion microscopy. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2021; 12:172-179. [PMID: 33614383 PMCID: PMC7871036 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Helium ion microscopy (HIM) offers the opportunity to obtain direct views of biological samples such as cellular structures, virus particles, and microbial interactions. Imaging with the HIM combines sub-nanometer resolution, large depth of field, and high surface sensitivity. Due to its charge compensation capability, the HIM can image insulating biological samples without additional conductive coatings. Here, we present an exploratory HIM study of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells, in which several areas of interaction between cells and virus particles, as well as among virus particles, were imaged. The HIM pictures show the three-dimensional appearance of SARS-CoV-2 and the surface of Vero E6 cells at a multiplicity of infection of approximately 1 with great morphological detail. The absence of a conductive coating allows for a distinction between virus particles bound to the cell membrane and virus particles lying on top of the membrane. After prolonged imaging, it was found that ion-induced deposition of hydrocarbons from the vacuum renders the sample sufficiently conductive to allow for imaging even without charge compensation. The presented images demonstrate the potential of the HIM in bioimaging, especially for the imaging of interactions between viruses and their host organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Frese
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Patrick Schmerer
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Wortmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Schürmann
- University Clinic for Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty OWL at Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Matthias König
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Westphal
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Friedemann Weber
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- University Clinic for Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty OWL at Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Armin Gölzhäuser
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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10
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Schürmann M, Oppel F, Gottschalk M, Büker B, Jantos CA, Knabbe C, Hütten A, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C, Sudhoff H. The Therapeutic Effect of 1,8-Cineol on Pathogenic Bacteria Species Present in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2325. [PMID: 31708879 PMCID: PMC6821979 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is marked by an inflamed mucosa of sinuses and is accompanied by a significantly reduced quality of live. Since no guidelines for the treatment of CRS are available, long lasting clinical histories with health care costs adding up to dozens of billion $ annually are caused by CRS. The progression of CRS is often induced by bacterial infections and/or a shift in microbiome as well as biofilm formation. The exact microbiome alterations are still unclear and the impenetrable biofilm renders the treatment with common antibiotics ineffective. This study focuses on characterizing the microbiome changes in CRS and investigating the inhibition of biofilm growth by 1,8-Cineol, a small, non-polar and hence biofilm penetrating molecule with known antimicrobial potential. We performed MALDI-TOF MS based characterization of the microbiomes of healthy individuals and CRS patients (n = 50). The microbiome in our test group was shifted to pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Moraxella catarrhalis). In contrast to published studies, solely based on cell culture techniques, we could not verify the abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in CRS. The inhibition of bacterial proliferation and biofilm growth by 1,8-Cineol was measured for these three pathogens. Interestingly, S. aureus, the most prominent germ in CRS, showed a biofilm inhibition not simply correlated to its inhibition of proliferation. RT-qPCR confirmed that this was due to the downregulations of major key players in biofilm generation (agrA, SarA and σB) by 1,8-Cineol. Furthermore we verified this high biofilm inhibition potential in a model host system consisting out of S. aureus biofilm grown on mature respiratory epithelium. A second host model, comprising organotypic slices, was utilized to investigate the reaction of the innate immune system present in the nasal mucosa upon biofilm formation and treatment with 1,8-Cineol. Interestingly Staphylococcus epidermidis, the cause of very common catheter infections, possesses a biofilm generation pathway very similar to S. aureus and might be treatable in a similar fashion. The two presented in vitro model systems might be transferred to combinations of every biofilm forming bacterial with most kind of epithelium and mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Felix Oppel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Gottschalk
- Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Björn Büker
- Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hütten
- Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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11
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Schürmann M, Brotzmann V, Bütow M, Greiner J, Höving A, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B, Sudhoff H. Identification of a Novel High Yielding Source of Multipotent Adult Human Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:277-285. [PMID: 29243108 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to their extraordinarily broad differentiation potential and persistence during adulthood, adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) are highly promising candidates for clinical applications, particularly when facing the challenging treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or complex craniofacial injuries. Successful application of human NCSCs in regenerative medicine and pharmaceutical research mainly relies on the availability of sufficient amounts of tissue for cell isolation procedures. Facing this challenge, we here describe for the first time a novel population of NCSCs within the middle turbinate of the human nasal cavity. From a surgical point of view, high amounts of tissue are routinely and easily removed during nasal biopsies. Investigating the presence of putative stem cells in obtained middle turbinate tissue by immunohistochemistry, we observed Nestin+/p75NTR+/S100+/α smooth muscle actin (αSMA)- cells, which we successfully isolated and cultivated in vitro. Cultivated middle turbinate stem cells (MTSCs) kept their expression of neural crest and stemness markers Nestin, p75 NTR and S100 and showed the capability of sphere formation and clonal growth, indicating their stem cell character. Application of directed in vitro differentiation assays resulted in successful differentiation of MTSCs into osteogenic and neuronal cell types. Regarding the high amount of tissue obtained during surgery as well as their broad differentiation capability, MTSCs seem to be a highly promising novel neural crest stem cell population for applications in cell replacement therapy and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Straße 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Viktoria Brotzmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Straße 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marlena Bütow
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Straße 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Johannes Greiner
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anna Höving
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- AG Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Teutoburger Straße 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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12
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Schürmann M, Olms C. Shade Stability of Polymer Infiltrated and Resin Nano Ceramic Crowns after Dynamic Chewing Simulation. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2018; 26:174-183. [PMID: 30406976 DOI: 10.1922/ejprd_01807schurmann10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigation of the shade stability of polymer-infiltrated and resin nano ceramic crowns before and after artificial aging. METHOD 40 identical crowns of each of the materials VITA Enamic (VE) and Lava Ultimate (LU) were manufactured. Half of the crowns went through a dynamic chewing simulation (CS) with thermocycling. Material subgroups: 1. VE, 2. VE/CS, 3. LU, 4. LU/CS (each n=20). These were divided into 4 groups (n=5) and distributed in usual stain solutions. The shade of each crown was measured occlusally and vestibularly before and after insertion using a spectrophotometer (n=5). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p≤0.05). RESULTS Sum scores (SSC) of the occlusal ΔE values: LU/CS: 7.99, VE: 5.75 VE/CS: 5.44, LU: 5.17. The total sum of the SSC yielded, for the materials: SSCtotal(VE): 20.0 and SSCtotal(LU): 24.0. SIGNIFICANCE Occlusally, there were significant shade differences for VE/CS (p=0.025) and LU/CS (p=0.014) between red wine and distilled water. LU/CS is significantly more clearly stained occlusally by coffee in comparison to the other three material subgroups (VE: p=0.007, LU: p=0.026, VE/CS: p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS The shade stability of VITA Enamic crowns is superior to that of Lava Ultimate crowns. Only Lava Ultimate is affected by chewing simulation.
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13
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Girardo S, Träber N, Wagner K, Cojoc G, Herold C, Goswami R, Schlüßler R, Abuhattum S, Taubenberger A, Reichel F, Mokbel D, Herbig M, Schürmann M, Müller P, Heida T, Jacobi A, Ulbricht E, Thiele J, Werner C, Guck J. Standardized microgel beads as elastic cell mechanical probes. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6245-6261. [PMID: 32254615 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01421c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell mechanical measurements are gaining increasing interest in biological and biomedical studies. However, there are no standardized calibration particles available that permit the cross-comparison of different measurement techniques operating at different stresses and time-scales. Here we present the rational design, production, and comprehensive characterization of poly-acrylamide (PAAm) microgel beads mimicking size and overall mechanics of biological cells. We produced mono-disperse beads at rates of 20-60 kHz by means of a microfluidic droplet generator, where the pre-gel composition was adjusted to tune the beads' elasticity in the range of cell and tissue relevant mechanical properties. We verified bead homogeneity by optical diffraction tomography and Brillouin microscopy. Consistent elastic behavior of microgel beads at different shear rates was confirmed by AFM-enabled nanoindentation and real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC). The remaining inherent variability in elastic modulus was rationalized using polymer theory and effectively reduced by sorting based on forward-scattering using conventional flow cytometry. Our results show that PAAm microgel beads can be standardized as mechanical probes, to serve not only for validation and calibration of cell mechanical measurements, but also as cell-scale stress sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Girardo
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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14
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Oppel F, Schürmann M, Goon P, Albers AE, Sudhoff H. Specific Targeting of Oncogenes Using CRISPR Technology. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5506-5512. [PMID: 30194069 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, tools of molecular biology have enabled researchers to genetically modify model organisms, including human cells. RNAi, zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9), retro- or lentiviral gene transfer, and many other methods can be utilized to remove genes, add genes, or change their expression. Within the same timeframe, survival rates for many highly malignant tumor diseases have not improved substantially. If modern medicine could apply even a subset of research methods in clinical management, which are already well established and controllable in basic research laboratories, this could strongly impact patients' prognosis. CRISPR-Cas9 is a method to precisely target and manipulate genomic loci and recent studies have attempted to use this method as a genetic treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, blood disorders, autosomal-dominant hearing loss, and cancer. Some of these approaches target mutant genomic sequences specifically and try to avoid affecting the respective normal loci. Considering obvious genetic risks opposing the objected benefits, data are needed to show whether CRISPR technology is suitable as a future cancer therapy approach or not. Here, we develop strategies for the specific targeting of viral cancer drivers and oncogenes activated by mutation, using the latest CRISPR technology. Cancer Res; 78(19); 5506-12. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Oppel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Goon
- Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas E Albers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
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15
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Schürmann M, Shepheard N, Frese N, Geishendorf K, Sudhoff H, Gölzhäuser A, Rückert U, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B, Thomas A. Technical feasibility study for production of tailored multielectrode arrays and patterning of arranged neuronal networks. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192647. [PMID: 29474358 PMCID: PMC5825013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, we first reveal a simple ultra violet laser lithographic method to design and produce plain tailored multielectrode arrays. Secondly, we use the same lithographic setup for surface patterning to enable controlled attachment of primary neuronal cells and help neurite guidance. For multielectrode array production, we used flat borosilicate glass directly structured with the laser lithography system. The multi layered electrode system consists of a layer of titanium coated with a layer of di-titanium nitride. Finally, these electrodes are covered with silicon nitride for insulation. The quality of the custom made multielectrode arrays was investigated by light microscopy, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The performance was verified by the detection of action potentials of primary neurons. The electrical noise of the custom-made MEA was equal to commercially available multielectrode arrays. Additionally, we demonstrated that structured coating with poly lysine, obtained with the aid of the same lithographic system, could be used to attach and guide neurons to designed structures. The process of neuron attachment and neurite guidance was investigated by light microscopy and charged particle microscopy. Importantly, the utilization of the same lithographic system for MEA fabrication and poly lysine structuring will make it easy to align the architecture of the neuronal network to the arrangement of the MEA electrode.. In future studies, this will lead to multielectrode arrays, which are able to specifically attach neuronal cell bodies to their chemically defined electrodes and guide their neurites, gaining a controlled connectivity in the neuronal network. This type of multielectrode array would be able to precisely assign a signal to a certain neuron resulting in an efficient way for analyzing the maturation of the neuronal connectivity in small neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail: (MS); (AT)
| | - Norman Shepheard
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Cognitronics and Sensor Systems, Cognitive Interaction Technology Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Natalie Frese
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kevin Geishendorf
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden (IFW Dresden), Institute for Metallic Materials, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Armin Gölzhäuser
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rückert
- Cognitronics and Sensor Systems, Cognitive Interaction Technology Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andy Thomas
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden (IFW Dresden), Institute for Metallic Materials, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail: (MS); (AT)
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16
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Schwinde S, Schürmann M, Kaiser N, Tünnermann A. Investigation of SiO 2-Al 2O 3 nanolaminates for protection of silver reflectors. Appl Opt 2017; 56:C41-C46. [PMID: 28158050 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.000c41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
H2S and particles from the atmosphere can damage silver reflectors. These defects lead to scattering and a reduction of reflectivity. With regard to these risks, the suitability of sputtered SiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2-Al2O3 nanolaminates for the protection of Ag was analyzed. The optical properties, protection properties against H2S, solubility, film stress, and protection properties against particle-induced defect formation have been investigated. Especially in the case of particle-induced defects on protected Ag, differences between the protective coatings are considerable, and the nanolaminate layers have advantageous properties.
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17
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Stenzel O, Wilbrandt S, Wolf J, Schürmann M, Kaiser N, Ristau D, Ehlers H, Carstens F, Schippel S, Mechold L, Rauhut R, Kennedy M, Bischoff M, Nowitzki T, Zöller A, Hagedorn H, Reus H, Hegemann T, Starke K, Harhausen J, Foest R, Schumacher J. Investigation of the refractive index repeatability for tantalum pentoxide coatings, prepared by physical vapor film deposition techniques. Appl Opt 2017; 56:C193-C200. [PMID: 28158073 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.00c193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Random effects in the repeatability of refractive index and absorption edge position of tantalum pentoxide layers prepared by plasma-ion-assisted electron-beam evaporation, ion beam sputtering, and magnetron sputtering are investigated and quantified. Standard deviations in refractive index between 4*10-4 and 4*10-3 have been obtained. Here, lowest standard deviations in refractive index close to our detection threshold could be achieved by both ion beam sputtering and plasma-ion-assisted deposition. In relation to the corresponding mean values, the standard deviations in band-edge position and refractive index are of similar order.
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18
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Hofemeier AD, Hachmeister H, Pilger C, Schürmann M, Greiner JFW, Nolte L, Sudhoff H, Kaltschmidt C, Huser T, Kaltschmidt B. Label-free nonlinear optical microscopy detects early markers for osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26716. [PMID: 27225821 PMCID: PMC4880889 DOI: 10.1038/srep26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering by stem cell differentiation is a novel treatment option for bone regeneration. Most approaches for the detection of osteogenic differentiation are invasive or destructive and not compatible with live cell analysis. Here, non-destructive and label-free approaches of Raman spectroscopy, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy were used to detect and image osteogenic differentiation of human neural crest-derived inferior turbinate stem cells (ITSCs). Combined CARS and SHG microscopy was able to detect markers of osteogenesis within 14 days after osteogenic induction. This process increased during continued differentiation. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy showed significant increases of the PO4(3-) symmetric stretch vibrations at 959 cm(-1) assigned to calcium hydroxyapatite between days 14 and 21. Additionally, CARS microscopy was able to image calcium hydroxyapatite deposits within 14 days following osteogenic induction, which was confirmed by Alizarin Red-Staining and RT- PCR. Taken together, the multimodal label-free analysis methods Raman spectroscopy, CARS and SHG microscopy can monitor osteogenic differentiation of adult human stem cells into osteoblasts with high sensitivity and spatial resolution in three dimensions. Our findings suggest a great potential of these optical detection methods for clinical applications including in vivo observation of bone tissue-implant-interfaces or disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne D Hofemeier
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Biomolecular Photonics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Christian Pilger
- Biomolecular Photonics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Johannes F W Greiner
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, D-33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lena Nolte
- Biomolecular Photonics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Bielefeld, D-33604 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Huser
- Biomolecular Photonics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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19
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Schürmann M, Frese N, Beyer A, Heimann P, Widera D, Mönkemöller V, Huser T, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C, Gölzhäuser A. Helium Ion Microscopy Visualizes Lipid Nanodomains in Mammalian Cells. Small 2015; 11:5781-5789. [PMID: 26436577 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell membranes are composed of 2D bilayers of amphipathic lipids, which allow a lateral movement of the respective membrane components. These components are arranged in an inhomogeneous manner as transient micro- and nanodomains, which are believed to be crucially involved in the regulation of signal transduction pathways in mammalian cells. Because of their small size (diameter 10-200 nm), membrane nanodomains cannot be directly imaged using conventional light microscopy. Here, direct visualization of cell membrane nanodomains by helium ion microscopy (HIM) is presented. It is shown that HIM is capable to image biological specimens without any conductive coating and that HIM images clearly allow the identification of nanodomains in the ultrastructure of membranes with 1.5 nm resolution. The shape of these nanodomains is preserved by fixation of the surrounding unsaturated fatty acids while saturated fatty acids inside the nanodomains are selectively removed. Atomic force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, 3D structured illumination microscopy, and direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy provide additional evidence that the structures in the HIM images of cell membranes originate from membrane nanodomains. The nanodomains observed by HIM have an average diameter of 20 nm and are densely arranged with a minimal nearest neighbor distance of ≈ 15 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Frese
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - André Beyer
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Heimann
- Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Darius Widera
- Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | | | - Thomas Huser
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | - Armin Gölzhäuser
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
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Bleckmann P, Englich U, Hermann U, Prass I, Ruhlandt-Senge K, Schürmann M, Schwittekh C, Uhlig F. Synthesis and Reactivity of Novel Bis(stannyl)silanes. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1999-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bis(stannyl)silanes of types R3Sn-SiR′2-SnR3 and R2(H)Sn-SiR′2-Sn(H)R2 with R′ being methyl, phenyl, iso-propyl or terf-butyl have been synthesized by treatment of difunctionalized diorganosilanes with alkali stannides (R = Me, tBu; R′= Me, iPr; 1 - 6, 8 ) or with triphenyltin chloride and magnesium (R = Ph; R′ = Me, iPh;Pr; 7, 9). Me3Sn-SitBu2-SnMe3 4, was halogenated using SnCl4, to yield the bis(chlorostannyl)silane 11.
The reaction of bis(stannyl)diorganosilanes R3SnSiR′SnR3 with catalytic amounts of Pd(PPh3)4 resulted in unexpected rearrangements under formation of the silyldistannanes R3SnSnR2SiR′R2. These compounds undergo addition reactions with alkynes. All compounds have been identified by NMR, IR, MS and elemental analysis. Compounds 5, 6 and 7 have also been characterized by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Bleckmann
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Organische Strukturchemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - U. Englich
- Syracuse University, Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, N.Y., USA
| | - U. Hermann
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Anorganische Chemie II, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - I. Prass
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Anorganische Chemie II, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - K. Ruhlandt-Senge
- Syracuse University, Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, N.Y., USA
| | - M. Schürmann
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Anorganische Chemie II, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C. Schwittekh
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Organische Strukturchemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F. Uhlig
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, Anorganische Chemie II, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Creutz P, Schürmann M, Suttorp N. Chronische Berylliose und Lungentuberkulose. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hettwer S, Wilhelm J, Schürmann M, Ebelt H, Hammer D, Amoury M, Hofmann F, Oehme A, Wilhelms D, Kekulé AS, Klöss T, Werdan K. Microbial diagnostics in patients with presumed severe infection in the emergency department. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2012; 107:53-62. [PMID: 22349478 DOI: 10.1007/s00063-011-0051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis in the early stage is a common disease in emergency medicine, and rapid diagnosis is essential. Our aim was to compare pathogen diagnosis using blood cultures (BC) and the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.Methods. At total of 211 patients admitted to the multidisciplinary emergency department of our university hospital between 2006 and 2009 with suspected severe infection from any origin were studied. Blood samples for BC (aerobic and anaerobic) and multiplex PCR were taken for identification of infectious microorganisms immediately after hospital admission. Results of the BC and PCR correlated with procalcitonin concentration (PCT) and clinical diagnosis of sepsis (≥2 positive SIRS criteria) as well as with severity of disease at admission and with clinical outcome measures. RESULTS Results of the BC were available in 200 patients (94.8%) and PCR were available in 119 patients (56.3%), respectively. In total, 87 BC (43.5%) were positive and identified 94 pathogens. In 45 positive PCRs, 47 pathogens (37.8%) were found. Identical results were obtained in 81.4%. In addition, BC identified 9 Gram-positive and 3 Gram-negative bacteria, while PCR added 5 Gram-negative pathogens. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were detected in blood cultures only (n=20, 21.3%), whereas PCR identified significantly more Gram-negative bacteria than BC. In patients with positive PCR results, the PCT level was significantly higher than in patients with negative PCR (15.0±23.3 vs. 8.8±32.8 ng/ml, p<0.001). This difference was not observed for BC (10.6±25.7 vs. 11.6±44.9 ng/ml, p=0.075). The APACHE II score correlated with PCR (19.2±9.1 vs. 15.8±8.9, p<0.05) and was also higher in positive BC (18.7±8.7 vs. 14.4±8.0, p<0.01). Positive PCR and BC were correlated with negative clinical outcomes (e.g., transfer to ICU, mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, death). CONCLUSION In patients admitted with suspected severe infection, a high percentage of positive BC and PCR were observed. Positive findings in the PCR correlate with elevated levels of PCT and high APACHE II scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hettwer
- Department of Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine), University Clinics Halle Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06097 Halle (Saale).
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Fischer A, Schmid B, Ellinghaus D, Nothnagel M, Gaede KI, Schürmann M, Lipinski S, Rosenstiel P, Zissel G, Höhne K, Petrek M, Kolek V, Pabst S, Grohé C, Grunewald J, Ronninger M, Eklund A, Padyukov L, Gieger C, Wichmann E, Nebel A, Franke A, Müller-Quernheim J, Hofmann S, Schreiber S. A novel sarcoidosis risk locus for Europeans on chromosome 11q13.1. Pneumologie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1329831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wilhelm J, Hettwer S, Hammer D, Schürmann M, Christoph A, Amoury M, Klöss T, Finke R, Ebelt H, Werdan K. Outcome prediction using clinical scores and biomarkers in patients with presumed severe infection in the emergency department. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2012; 107:558-63. [PMID: 22875037 DOI: 10.1007/s00063-012-0147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe infections play an important role in the emergency department (ED) and early risk stratification is essential. We compared the prognostic value of APACHE II, SOFA, and MEDS scores, and the biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). METHODS We performed a prospective observational study. Patients aged 18 years or older with a severe infection, from whom blood cultures were taken, were included. RESULTS Two hundred and eleven patients were included. The 30-day mortality rate was 8.5%. All scores and biomarkers showed significant area under the curve (AUC) values of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for death within 30 days: 0.801 for APACHE II, 0.785 for MEDS, 0.708 for SOFA, 0.693 for CRP, 0.651 for PCT, and 0.716 for IL-6. For treatment in an ICU and need for mechanical ventilation, these parameters had significant AUC values, too. For renal replacement therapy, only APACHE II, SOFA, and PCT showed significant AUC values. According to the trend observed, the AUC values were highest for the APACHE II score. CONCLUSIONS All investigated parameters have a predictive value in patients with an infection in the ED. According to the trend observed, the APACHE II score seems to have the best discriminative power. Use of the APACHE II score already at the time of admission to the ED may be useful for stratifying patients at risk for ICU treatment, thereby using the same score in the ED and the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wilhelm
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Wilhelm J, Hettwer S, Schürmann M, Bagger S, Gerhardt F, Mundt S, Muschick S, Zimmermann J, Ebelt H, Werdan K. Afterload-related cardiac performance: a hemodynamic parameter with prognostic relevance in patients with sepsis in the Emergency Department. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3061701 DOI: 10.1186/cc9491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fischer A, Nothnagel M, Franke A, Jacobs G, Saadati HR, Gaede KI, Rosenstiel P, Schürmann M, Müller-Quernheim J, Schreiber S, Hofmann S. Association of inflammatory bowel disease risk loci with sarcoidosis, and its acute and chronic subphenotypes. Eur Respir J 2010; 37:610-6. [PMID: 20650992 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00049410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a complex granulomatous inflammatory disorder that shares several clinical and pathogenic features with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Postulating a common genetic basis of inflammatory diseases, we tested 106 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are known or have been suggested to be associated with IBD for a potential association with sarcoidosis and its acute and chronic subphenotypes. We genotyped 1,996 German sarcoidosis patients, comprising 648 acutely and 1,161 chronically affected individuals, 2,622 control subjects, and 342 German trios with affected offspring using SNPlex™ technology. The nonsynonymous SNP rs11209026 (Arg381Gln) in the interleukin (IL)-23 receptor (IL23R) gene was associated with chronic sarcoidosis (OR 0.63; p = 5.58×10(-5)), which was supported by the result of a transmission disequilibrium test analysis in the independent family sample (OR 0.50; p = 0.031). Marker rs12035082 located at chromosome 1q24.3 was found to be associated with the acute subphenotype (OR 1.36; p = 6.80×10(-7)) and rs916977 (HERC2 locus; OR 1.30; p = 4.49×10(-5)) was associated with sarcoidosis. Our results highlight the potential importance of the IL-23 signalling pathway for the development of chronic sarcoidosis. The finding links sarcoidosis pathogenesis to other inflammatory conditions and may contribute to new hypotheses on disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fischer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University, Schittenhelmstraße 12, Kiel, Germany
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Hertlein H, Mittlmeier T, Piltz S, Schürmann M, Kauschke T, Lob G. Spinal stabilization for patients with metastatic lesions of the spine using a titanium spacer. Eur Spine J 2010; 1:131-6. [PMID: 20054960 DOI: 10.1007/bf00300940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anterior decompression in spinal metastases of the corporal type with impending (n = 5) or present (n = 36) neurological complications was performed in 41 patients. For reconstruction, a titanium cylinder was inserted after spondylectomy and augmented with an anterior plate. The titanium implant can easily be adjusted to the length needed without necessitating expensive additional equipment. Outside the patient the implant is filled with polymethylmetacrylate, facilitating plate transfixation for rotational locking. There was a 30-day mortality of 9.7%. Pain relief was apparent in 38 of 41 patients (92.7%), and motor improvement was manifest in 31 of 35 cases (88.6%). Six patients did not present with any neurological symptoms pre- or postoperatively. Neurological deterioration was registered in only 1 case (2.4%). Surgical efficacy was maintained until the death of the patients. Though tumor recurrence at a different spinal level led to consecutive surgery in 5 patients, no implant dislocation occurred during the observation period (maximum 44 months), characterizing the procedure as a mechanically reliable and safe technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hertlein
- Unfallchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität München, Klinikum Grosshadern, München, Federal Republic of Germany
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Hettwer S, Schürmann M, Wilhelm J, Ebelt H, Werdan K. Both systolic and diastolic functions are impaired in critically ill patients with community-acquired sepsis. Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2933980 DOI: 10.1186/cc8628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Wilhelm J, Hettwer S, Hammer D, Schürmann M, Amoury M, Ebelt H, Werdan K. Scoring patients with a suspected infection in the emergency department (ED): comparison of the ED-specific MEDS score with APACHE II and SOFA score. Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2934495 DOI: 10.1186/cc8483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Müller-Quernheim J, Schürmann M, Hofmann S, Gaede KI, Fischer A, Prasse A, Zissel G, Schreiber S. [Genetics of sarcoidosis: a key to understanding its pathogenesis]. Pneumologie 2009; 63:166-75. [PMID: 19271290 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multifactorial and polygenic disorder. The current knowledge of its genetics will be presented and discussed in the context of other granulomatous disorders of known and unknown aetiology. The differing and common features of these disorders lead to the perspective that in near future it will be possible to establish genotype-phenotype correlations which will predict the course and therapy response in an individual case.
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Hofmann S, Franke A, Fischer A, Jacobs G, Nothnagel M, Gaede KI, Schürmann M, Müller-Quernheim J, Krawczak M, Rosenstiel P, Schreiber S. Genome-wide association study identifies ANXA11 as a new susceptibility locus for sarcoidosis. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hettwer S, Wilhelm J, Hammer D, Schürmann M, Amoury M, Scheubel S, Hofmann F, Oehme A, Wilhelms D, Kekulé AS, Werdan K. Sepsis in the emergency department: pathogen identification by blood cultures and PCR. Crit Care 2009. [PMCID: PMC4084264 DOI: 10.1186/cc7542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Schürmann M, Kwiatkowski R, Albrecht M, Fischer A, Hampe J, Müller-Quernheim J, Schwinger E, Schreiber S. Study of Toll-like receptor gene loci in sarcoidosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 152:423-31. [PMID: 18422738 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multi-factorial systemic disease of granulomatous inflammation. Current concepts of the aetiology include interactions of unknown environmental triggers with an inherited susceptibility. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are main components of innate immunity and therefore TLR genes are candidate susceptibility genes in sarcoidosis. Ten members of the human TLR gene family have been identified and mapped to seven chromosomal segments. The aim of this study was to investigate all known TLR gene loci for genetic linkage with sarcoidosis and to follow positive signals with different methods. We analysed linkage of TLR gene loci to sarcoidosis by use of closely flanking microsatellite markers in 83 families with 180 affected siblings. We found significant linkage between sarcoidosis and markers of the TLR4 gene locus on chromosome 9q (non-parametric linkage score 2.63, P = 0.0043). No linkage was found for the remaining TLR gene loci. We subsequently genotyped 1203 sarcoidosis patients from 997 families, 1084 relatives and 537 control subjects for four single nucleotide polymorphisms of TLR4, including Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile. This genotype data set was studied by case-control comparisons and transmission disequilibrium tests, but showed no significant results. In summary, TLR4 - w ith significant genetic linkage results - appears to be the most promising member of the TLR gene family for further investigation in sarcoidosis. However, our results do not confirm the TLR4 polymorphisms Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile as susceptibility markers. Our results rather point to another as yet unidentified variant within or close to TLR4 that might confer susceptibility to sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schürmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Schürmann M. Ereigniskorrelierte Oszillationen im Gehirn - Bindeglied zwischen EEG und Einzelzell-Messungen? KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1060175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rosenhahn A, Barth R, Cao X, Schürmann M, Grunze M, Eisebitt S. Vacuum-ultraviolet Gabor holography with synchrotron radiation. Ultramicroscopy 2007; 107:1171-7. [PMID: 17353096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 01/12/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We present the realization of high-resolution holographic microscopy using the original Gabor geometry and imaging with radiation in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) spectral region. Synchrotron VUV radiation with a wavelength of 13.8 nm was focused on a small pinhole generating a highly divergent light cone suitable for digital in-line holography. Objects of different thickness and materials have been used to test the imaging properties of holographic microscopy in the VUV wavelength range. The effective numerical aperture was limited by the illuminated area of the detector, yielding a theoretical resolution below 1 microm and an experimental one of approximately 1 microm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosenhahn
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) still is difficult to diagnose in posttraumatic patients. As CRPS I is a clinical diagnosis the characteristic symptoms have to be differentiated from normal posttraumatic states. Several diagnostic procedures are applied to facilitate an early diagnosis, although their value for diagnosing posttraumatic CRPS I is unclear. METHODS One hundred fifty-eight consecutive patients with distal radial fracture were followed up for 16 weeks after trauma. To assess the diagnostic value of the commonly applied methods a detailed clinical examination was carried out 2, 8, and 16 weeks after trauma in conjunction with bilateral thermography, plain radiographs of the hand skeleton, three phase bone scans (TPBSs), and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All imaging procedures were assessed blinded. RESULTS At the end of the observation period 18 patients (11%) were clinically identified as having CRPS I and 13 patients (8%) revealed an incomplete clinical picture which were defined as CRPS borderline cases. The sensitivity of all diagnostic procedures used was poor and decreased between the first and the last examinations (thermography: 45% to 29%; TPBS: 19% to 14%; MRI: 43% to 13%; bilateral radiographs: 36%). In contrast a high specificity was observed in the TPBS and MRI at the eighth and sixteenth-week examinations (TPBS: 96%, 100%; MRI: 78%, 98%) and for bilateral radiographs 8 weeks after trauma (94%). The thermography presented a fair specificity that improved from the second to the sixteenth week (50% to 89%). DISCUSSION The poor sensitivity of all tested procedures combined with a reasonable specificity produced a low positive predictive value (17% to 60%) and a moderate negative predictive value (79% to 86%). These results suggest, that those procedures cannot be used as screening tests. Imaging methods are not able to reliably differentiate between normal posttraumatic changes and changes due to CRPS I. Clinical findings remain the gold standard for the diagnosis of CRPS I and the procedures described above may serve as additional tools to establish the diagnosis in doubtful cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Sana Klinikum Hof, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Eppenreuther Strasse 9, 95035 Hof, Germany.
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Abstract
Since prospective studies confirmed an incidence of >10% of complex regional pain syndrome complication in patients after distal radial fracture, early diagnosis is important. Therapy should be commenced immediately with a systematic approach to avoid chronicity of the disease. Despite this, epidemiological studies revealed an extreme delay in effective treatment among complex regional pain syndrome patients, who were repeatedly referred to different physicians and often treated inadequately before being referred to specialized pain clinics. In post-traumatic patients, the clinical examination still is preferred to establish the diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome. First, possible differential diagnoses must be excluded. Next the clinical criteria of the consensus definition should be checked and documented, if possible with the help of verifying procedures. Imaging methods could be applied; however, they are not useful for early diagnosis since sensitivity is low and the consequences of trauma may interfere with potential complex regional pain syndrome findings. In questionable cases repeated examinations after short periods detect the presence of complex regional pain syndrome in orthopedic patients, particularly if symptoms are progressive or an expected improvement does not occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schürmann
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Erlangen, Sana Klinikum Hof, Hof, Germany
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Ricken S, Koç F, Schürmann M, Preut H, Eilbracht P. Crystal structure of N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexakis(2-methylallyl)-[1,3,5]- triazin-2,4,6-triamine, C27H42N6. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2006. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2006.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hesse M, Schürmann M, Fink G, Hari R. Effiziente Handlungsplanung aktiviert den linken Parietalcortex - eine Untersuchung mittels Magnetoencephalographie. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gradl G, Schürmann M. Sympathetic dysfunction as a temporary phenomenon in acute posttraumatic CRPS I. Clin Auton Res 2005; 15:29-34. [PMID: 15768199 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-005-0237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2004] [Accepted: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sympathetic testing was carried out in patients in the acute phase of "complex regional pain syndrome type I" (CRPS I) shortly after trauma to the upper limb. Repeated measurements were used to detect changes in peripheral sympathetic function during the course of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a busy trauma center, 10 consecutive patients who developed CRPS I following trauma or surgery of the upper limb were diagnosed according to the 1999 modified IASP diagnostic criteria for CRPS I. Clinical signs and symptoms and bilateral hand temperature (infrared thermometry) were recorded. Vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic provocation (inspiratory gasp, contralateral cooling) at the tip of the middle finger of both hands was measured employing laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Sympathetic reaction was quantified by the magnitude of blood flow decrease after provocation (SRF parameter). RESULTS The diagnosis CRPS I could be established 63 days (46-72 days) post-injury. The mean follow-up time after diagnosis was 83+/-15 days. Pain measured by a visual analog scale (VAS 0-10) showed an average of 5.0+/-2.0 at the time of diagnosis and decreased to 1.7+/-1.9 at the last examination. Edema and active range of motion improved substantially during the follow-up period. On the ipsilateral hand marked sympathetic dysfunction was seen early after the onset of CRPS I (mean SRF parameter: 0.14+/-0.01), slowly returning to normal sympathetic reaction three months after the onset of symptoms (mean SRF parameter: 0.42+/-0.21). Diminished sympathetic function was seen even on the contralateral hand. CONCLUSIONS Sympathetic dysfunction is regularly seen at the onset of CRPS I and normalizes during the course of the disease. This temporary phenomenon suggests a posttraumatic sympathetic deficit playing a decisive role in the genesis of CRPS I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Gradl
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität Rostock, Abteilung Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Rostock, Germany.
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Gradl G, Beyer A, Azad S, Schürmann M. Laser-Doppler-gestützte Kontrolle der Sympathikolyse nach kontinuierlicher axillärer Plexusanalgesie bei Patienten mit CRPS I. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2005; 40:345-9. [PMID: 15942853 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate continuous brachial plexus analgesia in terms of pain relief and sympathicolysis in patients suffering from CRPS I. METHODS A detailed clinical examination comprised measurement of temperature changes (Infrared Thermometry), pain rating (VAS scale) and assessment of peripheral sympathetic nervous function using laser Doppler flowmetry. A total number of 12 patients (mean age: 56 +/- 9 years, range: 30 to 69 years) received continuous brachial plexus analgesia after placing a catheter in the perineurial sheath of the brachial plexus through an axillary approach. Prior to continuous analgesia (Morphin 0.04 mg/ml, Clonidin 1.5 microg/ml, Bupivacaine 0.0625 %) running at 4 ml/h a test dosis of 20 ml Bupivacaine 0.25 % was applied to establish brachial plexus block. RESULTS After an equilibration period of 2 hours, consecutive pain measurements revealed sufficient pain relief in 9 out of 12 patients (75 %) with a mean pain rating dropping from 4.7 +/- 0.68 to 1.59 +/- 1.02 (p < 0.001). Pain reduction was accompanied by a significant temperature increase from -0.78 degrees C to 1.7 degrees C (p < 0.05). However measurement of sympathetic function by laser Doppler flowmetry revealed that no significant sympathicolysis occurred. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that clinical investigation of temperature change is not reliable in the evaluation of sympathicolysis. This is of special interest in patients who are suspected of having sympathically maintained pain (SMP) and are treated by brachial plexus analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gradl
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Abteilung für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität Rostock.
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Dreiner S, Schürmann M, Westphal C. Structural analysis of the SiO2/Si100 interface by means of photoelectron diffraction. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:126101. [PMID: 15447281 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The local environment of Si atoms at the interface between a thermally grown SiO2 film and Si(100) was studied by angle-scanned photoelectron diffraction. Experimental photoelectron diffraction patterns for each Si oxidation state were obtained from the results of least squares fitting on Si 2p core-level spectra. A comparison of the diffraction patterns with multiple-scattering calculations including an R-factor analysis was performed. An excellent agreement between experimental and simulated data was achieved within the proposed bridge-bonded interface model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4393 (2000)]].
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dreiner
- Universität Dortmund, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik I, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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45
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Porstmann AU, Bertelmann E, Schürmann M, Liekfeld A. [Acute worsening of vision in an HIV-positive female patient with a helper cell level of over 200/microl]. Ophthalmologe 2004; 102:816-9. [PMID: 15338185 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-004-1109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A U Porstmann
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Campus Virchow der Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin.
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Grifka J, Haas S, Hovy L, Knopp W, Refior HL, Schürmann M, Wirth T. [An update on thrombosis prophylaxis in orthopaedic and accident surgery]. Orthopade 2004; 33:762-73. [PMID: 15185072 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-004-0671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of deep venous thrombosis has become a routine in orthopaedic surgery. While the necessity for prophylaxis is not questioned, its practice is still a matter of controversy. The development of new anticoagulants increases the variety of prophylactic methods but leads to a need for additional information. This review deals with the indications for thrombosis prophylaxis in relation to exposing and predisposing risk factors. The currently available modalities of prophylaxis, their pharmacological details and clinical significance are presented. Evidence based data, recommendations on the duration of prophylaxis derived from official guidelines, issues of the cost/effectiveness, and medico-judicial aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grifka
- Orthopädische Klinik der Universität Regensburg im Bayerischen Rheuma- und Orthopädiezentrum, Bad Abbach.
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Abstract
Sarcoidosis, Blau syndrome and Crohn's disease are complex disorders, characterised by granulomatous inflammation affecting a variety of organs. Mutations of the CARD15 gene, on chromosome 16, have been shown to contribute significantly to Crohn's disease and to cause Blau syndrome. These factors prompted the current authors to study CARD15 mutations in sarcoidosis. A total of 138 families were genotyped, including 302 patients with sarcoidosis and 127 patients without a family history of sarcoidosis (together with their parents), for four main coding CARD15 polymorphisms associated with increased risk of Crohn's disease. Furthermore, the gene segment that harbours Blau syndrome mutations was sequenced in 39 selected patients from 39 families with affected siblings identical for one or two parental chromosomes 16s and in eight patients from multi-case families. None of the reported Blau syndrome mutations and no new sequence alterations were found. There was an increased frequency of transmission of the rare allele of the polymorphic sites 802C>T (SNP5) and 2722G>C (SNP12) in at least one of the two study groups. In conclusion, CARD15 mutations, which are important in Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome, play no major role in sarcoidosis in this study population. However, these mutations could be of limited importance, especially in patients without a family history of sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schürmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Gobbelé R, Schürmann M, Forss N, Juottonen K, Buchner H, Hari R. Activation of the human posterior parietal and temporoparietal cortices during audiotactile interaction. Neuroimage 2003; 20:503-11. [PMID: 14527610 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We recorded cortical-evoked responses with a whole-scalp neuromagnetometer to study human brain dynamics associated with audiotactile interaction. The subjects received unilateral auditory (A) or tactile (T) stimuli, or both stimuli simultaneously (AT), alternating to the left and right side. Responses to AT stimuli differed significantly from the algebraic sum of responses to A and T stimuli (A + T) at 75-85 and 105-130 ms and indicated suppressive audiotactile interaction. Source modeling revealed that the earlier interaction occurred in the contralateral posterior parietal cortex and the later interaction in the contralateral parietal opercula between the SII cortex and the auditory cortex. The interaction was significantly stronger in the left than the right hemisphere. In most subjects, AT responses were far more similar to T than to A responses, suggesting suppression of auditory processing during the spatially and temporally concordant audiotactile stimuli in which the tactile component was subjectively more salient.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gobbelé
- Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland.
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Bleckmann P, Brüggemann T, Maslennikov S, Schollmeier T, Schürmann M, Spirina I, Tsarev M, Uhlig F. Magnesium and chlorostannanes—building blocks for novel tinmodified silanes. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gobbelé R, Schürmann M, Forss N, Juottonen K, Buchner H, Hari R. Audiotaktile Interaktion aktiviert den posterior-parietalen und temporo-parietalen Kortex beim Menschen: eine MEG-Studie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-816443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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