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Cabré R, Naudí A, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Jové M, Ayala V, Mota-Martorell N, Pradas I, Nogueras L, Rué M, Portero-Otín M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Lipid Profile in Human Frontal Cortex Is Sustained Throughout Healthy Adult Life Span to Decay at Advanced Ages. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:703-710. [PMID: 28958038 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids are key components in the structural diversity of lipids and play a strategic role in the functional properties of lipids which determine the structural and functional integrity of neural cell membranes, the generation of lipid signaling mediators, and the chemical reactivity of acyl chains. The present study analyzes the profile of lipid fatty acid composition of membranes of human frontal cortex area 8 in individuals ranging from 40 to 90 years old. Different components involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, as well as adaptive defense mechanisms involved in the lipid-mediated modulation of inflammation, are also assessed. Our results show that the lipid profile in human frontal cortex is basically preserved through the adult life span to decay at advanced ages, which is accompanied by an adaptive proactive anti-inflammatory response possibly geared to ensuring cell survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Mayelin Dominguez-Gonzalez
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Lara Nogueras
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Montserrat Rué
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Spain
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Jové M, Pradas I, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Lipids and lipoxidation in human brain aging. Mitochondrial ATP-synthase as a key lipoxidation target. Redox Biol 2018; 23:101082. [PMID: 30635167 PMCID: PMC6859548 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is a target of the aging process like other cell systems of the human body. Specific regions of the human brain exhibit differential vulnerabilities to the aging process. Yet the underlying mechanisms that sustain the preservation or deterioration of neurons and cerebral functions are unknown. In this review, we focus attention on the role of lipids and the importance of the cross-regionally different vulnerabilities in human brain aging. In particular, we first consider a brief approach to the lipidomics of human brain, the relationship between lipids and lipoxidative damage, the role of lipids in human brain aging, and the specific targets of lipoxidative damage in human brain and during aging. It is proposed that the restricted set of modified proteins and the functional categories involved may be considered putative collaborative factors contributing to neuronal aging, and that mitochondrial ATP synthase is a key lipoxidative target in human brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Mayelin Dominguez-Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona; Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona; Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
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Naudí A, Cabré R, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Ayala V, Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Piñol-Ripoll G, Gil-Villar MP, Rué M, Portero-Otín M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Region-specific vulnerability to lipid peroxidation and evidence of neuronal mechanisms for polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in the healthy adult human central nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:485-495. [PMID: 28185952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipids played a determinant role in the evolution of the brain. It is postulated that the morphological and functional diversity among neural cells of the human central nervous system (CNS) is projected and achieved through the expression of particular lipid profiles. The present study was designed to evaluate the differential vulnerability to oxidative stress mediated by lipids through a cross-regional comparative approach. To this end, we compared 12 different regions of CNS of healthy adult subjects, and the fatty acid profile and vulnerability to lipid peroxidation, were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), respectively. In addition, different components involved in PUFA biosynthesis, as well as adaptive defense mechanisms against lipid peroxidation, were also measured by western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We found that: i) four fatty acids (18.1n-9, 22:6n-3, 20:1n-9, and 18:0) are significant discriminators among CNS regions; ii) these differential fatty acid profiles generate a differential selective neural vulnerability (expressed by the peroxidizability index); iii) the cross-regional differences for the fatty acid profiles follow a caudal-cranial gradient which is directly related to changes in the biosynthesis pathways which can be ascribed to neuronal cells; and iv) the higher the peroxidizability index for a given human brain region, the lower concentration of the protein damage markers, likely supported by the presence of adaptive antioxidant mechanisms. In conclusion, our results suggest that there is a region-specific vulnerability to lipid peroxidation and offer evidence of neuronal mechanisms for polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in the human central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mayelin Dominguez-Gonzalez
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, E-08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | - Montserrat Rué
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, E-08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
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Cabré R, Naudí A, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Ayala V, Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Piñol-Ripoll G, Gil-Villar MP, Rué M, Portero-Otín M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Sixty years old is the breakpoint of human frontal cortex aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:14-22. [PMID: 27979658 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human brain aging is the physiological process which underlies as cause of cognitive decline in the elderly and the main risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Human neurons are functional throughout a healthy adult lifespan, yet the mechanisms that maintain function and protect against neurodegenerative processes during aging are unknown. Here we show that protein oxidative and glycoxidative damage significantly increases during human brain aging, with a breakpoint at 60 years old. This trajectory is coincident with a decrease in the content of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I-IV. We suggest that the deterioration in oxidative stress homeostasis during aging induces an adaptive response of stress resistance mechanisms based on the sustained expression of REST, and increased or decreased expression of Akt and mTOR, respectively, over the adult lifespan in order to preserve cell neural survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Mayelin Dominguez-Gonzalez
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, E-08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | - Montserrat Rué
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, E-08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
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Cabré R, Jové M, Naudí A, Ayala V, Piñol-Ripoll G, Gil-Villar MP, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Obis È, Berdun R, Mota-Martorell N, Portero-Otin M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Specific Metabolomics Adaptations Define a Differential Regional Vulnerability in the Adult Human Cerebral Cortex. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:138. [PMID: 28008307 PMCID: PMC5143679 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain neurons offer diverse responses to stresses and detrimental factors during development and aging, and as a result of both neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. This multiplicity of responses can be ascribed to the great diversity among neuronal populations. Here we have determined the metabolomic profile of three healthy adult human brain regions-entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and frontal cortex-using mass spectrometry-based technologies. Our results show the existence of a lessened energy demand, mitochondrial stress, and lower one-carbon metabolism (particularly restricted to the methionine cycle) specifically in frontal cortex. These findings, along with the better antioxidant capacity and lower mTOR signaling also seen in frontal cortex, suggest that this brain region is especially resistant to stress compared to the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, which are more vulnerable regions. Globally, our results show the presence of specific metabolomics adaptations in three mature, healthy human brain regions, confirming the existence of cross-regional differences in cell vulnerability in the human cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Victoria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Rebeca Berdun
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III - ISCIIIBarcelona, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
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