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Berdún R, Obis È, Mota-Martorell N, Bassols A, Valent D, Serrano JCE, Martín-Garí M, Rodríguez-Palmero M, Moreno-Muñoz JA, Tibau J, Quintanilla R, Pamplona R, Portero-Otín M, Jové M. High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Increases Brain Mitochondrial Complex I and Lipoxidation-Derived Protein Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:161. [PMID: 38397759 PMCID: PMC10886272 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for highly prevalent age-related neurodegenerative diseases, the pathogenesis of whichinvolves mitochondrial dysfunction and protein oxidative damage. Lipoxidation, driven by high levels of peroxidizable unsaturated fatty acids and low antioxidant protection of the brain, stands out as a significant risk factor. To gain information on the relationship between obesity and brain molecular damage, in a porcine model of obesity we evaluated (1) the level of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, as the main source of free radical generation, by Western blot; (2) the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography; and (3) the oxidative modification of proteins by mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate a selectively higher amount of the lipoxidation-derived biomarker malondialdehyde-lysine (MDAL) (34% increase) in the frontal cortex, and positive correlations between MDAL and LDL levels and body weight. No changes were observed in brain fatty acid profile by the high-fat diet, and the increased lipid peroxidative modification was associated with increased levels of mitochondrial complex I (NDUFS3 and NDUFA9 subunits) and complex II (flavoprotein). Interestingly, introducing n3 fatty acids and a probiotic in the high-fat diet prevented the observed changes, suggesting that dietary components can modulate protein oxidative modification at the cerebral level and opening new possibilities in neurodegenerative diseases' prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Berdún
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Bassols
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniel Valent
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (D.V.)
| | - José C. E. Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Meritxell Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - María Rodríguez-Palmero
- Laboratorios Ordesa S.L., Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.-P.); (J.A.M.-M.)
| | | | - Joan Tibau
- Animal Science—Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain;
| | - Raquel Quintanilla
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, IRTA, Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
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Sol J, Obis È, Mota-Martorell N, Pradas I, Galo-Licona JD, Martin-Garí M, Fernández-Bernal A, Ortega-Bravo M, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Borrás C, Viña J, de la Fuente M, Mate I, Biarnes C, Pedraza S, Vilanova JC, Brugada R, Ramos R, Serena J, Ramió-Torrentà L, Pineda V, Daunis-I-Estadella P, Thió-Henestrosa S, Barretina J, Garre-Olmo J, Portero-Otin M, Fernández-Real JM, Puig J, Jové M, Pamplona R. Plasma acylcarnitines and gut-derived aromatic amino acids as sex-specific hub metabolites of the human aging metabolome. Aging Cell 2023:e13821. [PMID: 36951231 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging biology entails a cell/tissue deregulated metabolism that affects all levels of biological organization. Therefore, the application of "omic" techniques that are closer to phenotype, such as metabolomics, to the study of the aging process should be a turning point in the definition of cellular processes involved. The main objective of the present study was to describe the changes in plasma metabolome associated with biological aging and the role of sex in the metabolic regulation during aging. A high-throughput untargeted metabolomic analysis was applied in plasma samples to detect hub metabolites and biomarkers of aging incorporating a sex/gender perspective. A cohort of 1030 healthy human adults (45.9% females, and 54.1% males) from 50 to 98 years of age was used. Results were validated using two independent cohorts (1: n = 146, 53% females, 30-100 years old; 2: n = 68, 70% females, 19-107 years old). Metabolites related to lipid and aromatic amino acid (AAA) metabolisms arose as the main metabolic pathways affected by age, with a high influence of sex. Globally, we describe changes in bioenergetic pathways that point to a decrease in mitochondrial β-oxidation and an accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids and acylcarnitines that could be responsible for the increment of oxidative damage and inflammation characteristic of this physiological process. Furthermore, we describe for the first time the importance of gut-derived AAA catabolites in the aging process describing novel biomarkers that could contribute to better understand this physiological process but also age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
- Research Support Unit (USR) Lleida, Primary Care Services, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Lleida, Spain
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Jose Daniel Galo-Licona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martin-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Fernández-Bernal
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Marta Ortega-Bravo
- Research Support Unit (USR) Lleida, Primary Care Services, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Lleida, Spain
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, IDIBGI, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica de la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ianire Mate
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Biarnes
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Salvador Pedraza
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Joan C Vilanova
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Ramon Brugada
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, CIBER-CV, IDIBGI, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafel Ramos
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Vascular Health Research Group of Girona (ISV-Girona), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain
- Primary Care Services, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Serena
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Lluís Ramió-Torrentà
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Víctor Pineda
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Pepus Daunis-I-Estadella
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Santiago Thió-Henestrosa
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Barretina
- Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Comparative Medicine and Bioimage of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Garre-Olmo
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Vascular Health Research Group of Girona (ISV-Girona), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, IDIBGI, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Puig
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
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Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Obis È, Sol J, Martín-Garí M, Ferrer I, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R. Ether Lipid-Mediated Antioxidant Defense in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020293. [PMID: 36829852 PMCID: PMC9952080 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the richest tissues in lipid content and diversity of the human body is the brain. The human brain is constitutively highly vulnerable to oxidative stress. This oxidative stress is a determinant in brain aging, as well as in the onset and progression of sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Glycerophospholipids are the main lipid category widely distributed in neural cell membranes, with a very significant presence for the ether lipid subclass. Ether lipids have played a key role in the evolution of the human brain compositional specificity and functionality. Ether lipids determine the neural membrane structural and functional properties, membrane trafficking, cell signaling and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Here, we explore the idea that ether lipids actively participate in the pathogenesis of sAD. Firstly, we evaluate the quantitative relevance of ether lipids in the human brain composition, as well as their role in the human brain evolution. Then, we analyze the implications of ether lipids in neural cell physiology, highlighting their inherent antioxidant properties. Finally, we discuss changes in ether lipid content associated with sAD and their physiopathological implications, and propose a mechanism that, as a vicious cycle, explains the potential significance of ether lipids in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
- Research Support Unit (USR), Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), E-25007 Lleida, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona (UB), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
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Andrés‐Benito P, Gelpi E, Jové M, Mota‐Martorell N, Obis È, Portero‐Otin M, Povedano M, Pujol A, Pamplona R, Ferrer I. Lipid alterations in human frontal cortex in ALS-FTLD-TDP43 proteinopathy spectrum are partly related to peroxisome impairment. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:544-563. [PMID: 33332650 PMCID: PMC8248144 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Peroxisomes play a key role in lipid metabolism, and peroxisome defects have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as X-adrenoleukodystrophy and Alzheimer's disease. This study aims to elucidate the contribution of peroxisomes in lipid alterations of area 8 of the frontal cortex in the spectrum of TDP43-proteinopathies. Cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration-TDP43 (FTLD-TDP), manifested as sporadic (sFTLD-TDP) or linked to mutations in various genes including expansions of the non-coding region of C9ORF72 (c9FTLD), and of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) as the most common TDP43 proteinopathies, were analysed. METHODS We used transcriptomics and lipidomics methods to define the steady-state levels of gene expression and lipid profiles. RESULTS Our results show alterations in gene expression of some components of peroxisomes and related lipid pathways in frontal cortex area 8 in sALS, sFTLD-TDP and c9FTLD. Additionally, we identify a lipidomic pattern associated with the ALS-FTLD-TDP43 proteinopathy spectrum, notably characterised by down-regulation of ether lipids and acylcarnitine among other lipid species, as well as alterations in the lipidome of each phenotype of TDP43 proteinopathy, which reveals commonalities and disease-dependent differences in lipid composition. CONCLUSION Globally, lipid alterations in the human frontal cortex of the ALS-FTLD-TDP43 proteinopathy spectrum, which involve cell membrane composition and signalling, vulnerability against cellular stress and possible glucose metabolism, are partly related to peroxisome impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés‐Benito
- NeuropathologyBellvitge University Hospital‐Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat, BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative DiseasesInstitute of Health Carlos IIIMinistry of Economy and CompetitivenessMadridSpain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALSUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc‐Hospital Clínic‐Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of NeurologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Lleida ‐ Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL‐IRBLleidaLleidaSpain
| | - Natalia Mota‐Martorell
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Lleida ‐ Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL‐IRBLleidaLleidaSpain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Lleida ‐ Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL‐IRBLleidaLleidaSpain
| | - Manuel Portero‐Otin
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Lleida ‐ Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL‐IRBLleidaLleidaSpain
| | - Mònica Povedano
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALSUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELAService of NeurologyBellvitge University HospitalHospitalet de LlobregatSpain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREABarcelonaSpain
- Neurometabolic Diseases LaboratoryBellvitge Biomedical Research InstituteHospital Duran i ReynalsHospitalet de Llobregat, BarcelonaSpain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERERInstitute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Lleida ‐ Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL‐IRBLleidaLleidaSpain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- NeuropathologyBellvitge University Hospital‐Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat, BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative DiseasesInstitute of Health Carlos IIIMinistry of Economy and CompetitivenessMadridSpain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALSUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Institute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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Mota-Martorell N, Jové M, Borrás C, Berdún R, Obis È, Sol J, Cabré R, Pradas I, Galo-Licona JD, Puig J, Viña J, Pamplona R. Methionine transsulfuration pathway is upregulated in long-lived humans. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:38-52. [PMID: 33271279 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Available evidences point to methionine metabolism as a key target to study the molecular adaptive mechanisms underlying differences in longevity. The plasma methionine metabolic profile was determined using a LC-MS/MS platform to systematically define specific phenotypic patterns associated with genotypes of human extreme longevity (centenarians). Our findings demonstrate the presence of a specific plasma profile associated with human longevity characterized by an enhanced transsulfuration pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, as well as a reduced content of specific amino acids. Furthermore, our work reveals that centenarians maintain a strongly correlated methionine metabolism, suggesting an improved network integrity, homeostasis and more tightly regulated metabolism. We have discovered a particular methionine signature related to the condition of extreme longevity, allowing the identification of potential mechanisms and biomarkers of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Berdún
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain; Institut Català de la Salut, Atenció Primària, Lleida, Spain; Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - José Daniel Galo-Licona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Josep Puig
- Department of Radiology (Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, IDI), University Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - José Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
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Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Pradas I, Galo-Licona JD, Martín-Gari M, Obis È, Sol J, Pamplona R. The Lipidome Fingerprint of Longevity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184343. [PMID: 32971886 PMCID: PMC7570520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids were determinants in the appearance and evolution of life. Recent studies disclose the existence of a link between lipids and animal longevity. Findings from both comparative studies and genetics and nutritional interventions in invertebrates, vertebrates, and exceptionally long-lived animal species—humans included—demonstrate that both the cell membrane fatty acid profile and lipidome are a species-specific optimized evolutionary adaptation and traits associated with longevity. All these emerging observations point to lipids as a key target to study the molecular mechanisms underlying differences in longevity and suggest the existence of a lipidome profile of long life.
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Cabré R, Jové M, Naudí A, Ayala V, Piñol-Ripoll G, Gil-Villar MP, Dominguez-Gonzalez M, Obis È, Berdun R, Mota-Martorell N, Portero-Otin M, Ferrer I, Pamplona R. Specific Metabolomics Adaptations Define a Differential Regional Vulnerability in the Adult Human Cerebral Cortex. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:138. [PMID: 28008307 PMCID: PMC5143679 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain neurons offer diverse responses to stresses and detrimental factors during development and aging, and as a result of both neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. This multiplicity of responses can be ascribed to the great diversity among neuronal populations. Here we have determined the metabolomic profile of three healthy adult human brain regions-entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and frontal cortex-using mass spectrometry-based technologies. Our results show the existence of a lessened energy demand, mitochondrial stress, and lower one-carbon metabolism (particularly restricted to the methionine cycle) specifically in frontal cortex. These findings, along with the better antioxidant capacity and lower mTOR signaling also seen in frontal cortex, suggest that this brain region is especially resistant to stress compared to the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, which are more vulnerable regions. Globally, our results show the presence of specific metabolomics adaptations in three mature, healthy human brain regions, confirming the existence of cross-regional differences in cell vulnerability in the human cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Cabré
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Victoria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Rebeca Berdun
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Natalia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III - ISCIIIBarcelona, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is a genetic disease caused by the deficiency of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein. Frataxin deficiency impacts in the cell physiology at several levels. One of them is oxidative stress with consequences in terms of protein dysfunctions and metabolic alterations. Among others, alterations in lipid metabolism have been observed in several models of the disease. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of the molecular basis of the disease, the relevance of oxidative stress and the therapeutic strategies based on reduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Finally, we will focus the interest in alterations of lipid metabolism as a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction and describe the therapeutic approaches based on targeting lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Tamarit
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
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9
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Moreno-Navarrete JM, Jove M, Ortega F, Xifra G, Ricart W, Obis È, Pamplona R, Portero-Otin M, Fernández-Real JM. Metabolomics uncovers the role of adipose tissue PDXK in adipogenesis and systemic insulin sensitivity. Diabetologia 2016; 59:822-32. [PMID: 26831303 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms involved in the compromised adipogenesis of visceral (VAT) vs subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) using comparative metabolomics. Based on the differentially identified metabolites, we focused on the relationship between the active form of vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5-phosphate [PLP]), known to be generated through pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), and adipogenesis. METHODS Non-targeted metabolomics analyses were performed in paired VAT and SAT (n = 14, discovery cohort). PDXK gene expression was evaluated in two validation cohorts of paired SAT and VAT samples in relation to obesity status and insulin sensitivity, and mechanistically after weight loss in vivo and in 3T3-L1 cells in vitro. RESULTS Comparative metabolomics showed that PLP was significantly decreased in VAT vs SAT. Concordantly, PDXK mRNA levels were significantly decreased in VAT vs SAT, specifically in adipocytes. The decrease was specially marked in obese individuals. PDXK mRNA levels showed a strong association with adipogenic, lipid-droplet-related and lipogenic genes. At a functional level, systemic insulin sensitivity positively associated with PDXK expression, and surgically-induced weight loss (improving insulin sensitivity) led to increased SAT PDXK mRNA levels in parallel with adipogenic genes. In human pre-adipocytes, PDXK mRNA levels increased during adipocyte differentiation and after administration of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists, and decreased under inflammatory stimuli. Mechanistic studies in 3T3-L1 cells showed that PLP administration resulted in increased adipogenic mRNA markers during early adipogenesis, whereas the PLP antagonist 4-deoxypyridoxine exerted opposite effects. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Overall, these results support the notion that in situ production of PLP is required for physiological adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Jove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida)-PCiTAL, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Xifra
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida)-PCiTAL, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida)-PCiTAL, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida)-PCiTAL, Lleida, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain, .
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Obis È, Irazusta V, Sanchís D, Ros J, Tamarit J. Frataxin deficiency in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes targets mitochondria and lipid metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:21-33. [PMID: 24751525 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a hereditary disease caused by deficient frataxin expression. This mitochondrial protein has been related to iron homeostasis, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. Patients with FRDA experience neurologic alterations and cardiomyopathy, which is the leading cause of death. The specific effects of frataxin depletion on cardiomyocytes are poorly understood because no appropriate cardiac cellular model is available to researchers. To address this research need, we present a model based on primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and short-hairpin RNA interference. Using this approach, frataxin was reduced down to 5 to 30% of control protein levels after 7 days of transduction. At this stage the activity and amount of the iron-sulfur protein aconitase, in vitro activities of several OXPHOS components, levels of iron-regulated mRNAs, and the ATP/ADP ratio were comparable to controls. However, NRVMs exhibited markers of oxidative stress and a disorganized mitochondrial network with enlarged mitochondria. Lipids, the main energy source of heart cells, also underwent a clear metabolic change, indicated by the increased presence of lipid droplets and induction of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. These results indicate that mitochondria and lipid metabolism are primary targets of frataxin deficiency in NRVMs. Therefore, they contribute to the understanding of cardiac-specific mechanisms occurring in FRDA and give clues for the design of cardiac-specific treatment strategies for FRDA.
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MESH Headings
- Aconitate Hydratase/metabolism
- Animals
- Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Friedreich Ataxia/pathology
- Heart Ventricles/cytology
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Humans
- Iron-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/physiology
- Mitochondria, Heart/genetics
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/physiology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Frataxin
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Affiliation(s)
- Èlia Obis
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Verónica Irazusta
- Instituto de Investigación para la Industria Química, INIQUI-CONICET, Salta, Argentina
| | - Daniel Sanchís
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRB-Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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11
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Moreno-Cermeño A, Obis È, Bellí G, Cabiscol E, Ros J, Tamarit J. Frataxin depletion in yeast triggers up-regulation of iron transport systems before affecting iron-sulfur enzyme activities. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:41653-64. [PMID: 20956517 PMCID: PMC3009893 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.149443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary function of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron homeostasis, remains controversial. Using a yeast model of conditional expression of the frataxin homologue YFH1, we analyzed the primary effects of YFH1 depletion. The main conclusion unambiguously points to the up-regulation of iron transport systems as a primary effect of YFH1 down-regulation. We observed that inactivation of aconitase, an iron-sulfur enzyme, occurs long after the iron uptake system has been activated. Decreased aconitase activity should be considered part of a group of secondary events promoted by iron overloading, which includes decreased superoxide dismutase activity and increased protein carbonyl formation. Impaired manganese uptake, which contributes to superoxide dismutase deficiency, has also been observed in YFH1-deficient cells. This low manganese content can be attributed to the down-regulation of the metal ion transporter Smf2. Low Smf2 levels were not observed in AFT1/YFH1 double mutants, indicating that high iron levels could be responsible for the Smf2 decline. In summary, the results presented here indicate that decreased iron-sulfur enzyme activities in YFH1-deficient cells are the consequence of the oxidative stress conditions suffered by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Moreno-Cermeño
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Gemma Bellí
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- From the Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
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