1
|
Berdún R, Obis È, Mota-Martorell N, Bassols A, Valent D, Serrano JCE, Martín-Garí M, Rodríguez-Palmero M, Moreno-Muñoz JA, Tibau J, Quintanilla R, Pamplona R, Portero-Otín M, Jové M. High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Increases Brain Mitochondrial Complex I and Lipoxidation-Derived Protein Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:161. [PMID: 38397759 PMCID: PMC10886272 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for highly prevalent age-related neurodegenerative diseases, the pathogenesis of whichinvolves mitochondrial dysfunction and protein oxidative damage. Lipoxidation, driven by high levels of peroxidizable unsaturated fatty acids and low antioxidant protection of the brain, stands out as a significant risk factor. To gain information on the relationship between obesity and brain molecular damage, in a porcine model of obesity we evaluated (1) the level of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, as the main source of free radical generation, by Western blot; (2) the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography; and (3) the oxidative modification of proteins by mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate a selectively higher amount of the lipoxidation-derived biomarker malondialdehyde-lysine (MDAL) (34% increase) in the frontal cortex, and positive correlations between MDAL and LDL levels and body weight. No changes were observed in brain fatty acid profile by the high-fat diet, and the increased lipid peroxidative modification was associated with increased levels of mitochondrial complex I (NDUFS3 and NDUFA9 subunits) and complex II (flavoprotein). Interestingly, introducing n3 fatty acids and a probiotic in the high-fat diet prevented the observed changes, suggesting that dietary components can modulate protein oxidative modification at the cerebral level and opening new possibilities in neurodegenerative diseases' prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Berdún
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Bassols
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniel Valent
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (D.V.)
| | - José C. E. Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Meritxell Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - María Rodríguez-Palmero
- Laboratorios Ordesa S.L., Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.-P.); (J.A.M.-M.)
| | | | - Joan Tibau
- Animal Science—Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain;
| | - Raquel Quintanilla
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, IRTA, Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.B.); (È.O.); (N.M.-M.); (J.C.E.S.); (M.M.-G.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Obis È, Sol J, Martín-Garí M, Ferrer I, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R. Ether Lipid-Mediated Antioxidant Defense in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020293. [PMID: 36829852 PMCID: PMC9952080 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the richest tissues in lipid content and diversity of the human body is the brain. The human brain is constitutively highly vulnerable to oxidative stress. This oxidative stress is a determinant in brain aging, as well as in the onset and progression of sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Glycerophospholipids are the main lipid category widely distributed in neural cell membranes, with a very significant presence for the ether lipid subclass. Ether lipids have played a key role in the evolution of the human brain compositional specificity and functionality. Ether lipids determine the neural membrane structural and functional properties, membrane trafficking, cell signaling and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Here, we explore the idea that ether lipids actively participate in the pathogenesis of sAD. Firstly, we evaluate the quantitative relevance of ether lipids in the human brain composition, as well as their role in the human brain evolution. Then, we analyze the implications of ether lipids in neural cell physiology, highlighting their inherent antioxidant properties. Finally, we discuss changes in ether lipid content associated with sAD and their physiopathological implications, and propose a mechanism that, as a vicious cycle, explains the potential significance of ether lipids in sAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
- Research Support Unit (USR), Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), E-25007 Lleida, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona (UB), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Granado-Serrano AB, Martín-Garí M, Sánchez V, Riart Solans M, Berdún R, Ludwig IA, Rubió L, Vilaprinyó E, Portero-Otín M, Serrano JCE. Faecal bacterial and short-chain fatty acids signature in hypercholesterolemia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1772. [PMID: 30742005 PMCID: PMC6370822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been suggested to affect lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to characterize the faecal microbiota signature and both short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BA) profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects. Microbiota composition, SCFAs, BA and blood lipid profile from male volunteers with hypercholesterolemia (HC) and normocholesterolemia (NC) were determined by 16S rDNA sequencing, HPLC, GC and NMR, respectively. HC subjects were characterized by having lower relative abundance of Anaeroplasma (0.002% vs 0.219%, p-value = 0.026) and Haemophilus (0.041% vs 0.078%, p-value = 0.049), and higher of Odoribacter (0.51% vs 0.16%; p-value = 0.044). Correlation analysis revealed that Anaeroplasma and Haemophilus were associated to an unfavourable lipid profile: they correlated negatively to cholesterol and triglycerides related biomarkers and the ratio total to high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and positively to HDL size. Odoribacter displayed an opposite behaviour. Faecal SCFAs profile revealed higher abundance of isobutyric (2.76% vs 0.82%, p-value = 0.049) and isovaleric acid (1.32% vs 0.06%, p-value = 0.016) in HC. Isobutyric acid correlated positively with Odoribacter and lipid parameters indicative of an unfavourable profile. BA profile did not show differences between groups. It was concluded that HC subjects showed a particular faecal bacterial signature and SCFAs profile associated with their lipid profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sánchez
- Institut Català de la Salut, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | - R Berdún
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - I A Ludwig
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - L Rubió
- Department of Food Technology, XaRTA-TV, Agrotecnio Center, High Technical School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - E Vilaprinyó
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - J C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|