1
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Omoda A, Matsumoto K, Yoshino KI, Tachibana M, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T, Iriko H. Skeleton binding protein 1 localizes to the Maurer's cleft and interacts with PfHSP70-1 and PfHSP70-x in Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. Parasitol Int 2024; 100:102864. [PMID: 38331312 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum accounts for the majority of malaria deaths, due to pathology provoked by the ability of infected erythrocytes to adhere to vascular endothelium within deep tissues. The parasite recognizes endothelium by trafficking and displaying protein ligands on the surface of asexual stage infected erythrocytes, such as members of the large family of pathogenic proteins, P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1). Parasite-encoded skeleton binding protein 1 (SBP1) plays an important role in the transport of these binding-related surface proteins, via cleft-like membranous structures termed Maurer's clefts, which are present within the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes. Erythrocytes infected with gametocyte stages accumulate in the extravascular compartment of bone marrow; and it was suggested that their surface-expressed adhesion molecule profile and protein trafficking mechanisms might differ from those in asexual stage parasites. Protein trafficking mechanisms via Maurer's clefts have been well investigated in asexual stage parasite-infected erythrocytes; but little is known regarding the gametocyte stages. In this study, we characterized SBP1 during gametocyte maturation and demonstrated that SBP1 is expressed and localizes to dot-like Maurer's cleft structures in the cytoplasm of gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry assays indicated that SBP1 interacts with the molecular chaperones PfHSP70-1 and PfHSP70-x. Localization analysis suggested that some PfHSP70-1 and/or PfHSP70-x localize in a dot-like pattern within the cytoplasm of immature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. These findings suggest that SBP1 may interact with HSP70 chaperones in the infected erythrocyte cytoplasm during the immature gametocyte stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Omoda
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Konomi Matsumoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
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2
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Tachibana M, Baba M, Iriko H, Shinzawa N, Torii M, Ishino T. Identification of a novel protein localized to the crystalloid of the Plasmodium ookinete. Parasitol Int 2024; 101:102892. [PMID: 38565335 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Reducing Plasmodium parasite transmission via the mosquito vector is a promising strategy for malaria control and elimination in endemic regions. In the mosquito midgut after the ingestion of an infected blood meal, malaria parasite gametes egress from erythrocytes and fertilize to develop into motile ookinetes that traverse midgut epithelial cells and transform into oocysts adjacent the basal lamina. Plasmodium ookinetes and young oocysts possess a unique organelle called the crystalloid; which has a honeycomb-like matrix structure and is indicated to be involved in sporozoite formation and maturation. In this study, we identified a novel crystalloid protein, PY17X_1113800, that is exclusively expressed in developing ookinetes. The protein possesses a signal peptide sequence, but lacks a transmembrane domain or GPI anchor signal sequence, as well as predicted adhesive domains which are characterisitic of many crystalloid proteins. The protein is highly conserved across the phylum Apicomplexa and within the greater clade Alveolata, such as Vitrella and the ciliates Paramecium and Tetrahymena, but is absent in cryptosporidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-science Center, Ehime University, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Naoaki Shinzawa
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-science Center, Ehime University, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
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Kunkeaw N, Nguitragool W, Takashima E, Kangwanrangsan N, Muramatsu H, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Pichyangkul S, Tsuboi T, Pardi N, Sattabongkot J. Author Correction: A Pvs25 mRNA vaccine induces complete and durable transmission-blocking immunity to Plasmodium vivax. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:36. [PMID: 38374221 PMCID: PMC10876551 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nawapol Kunkeaw
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wang Nguitragool
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sathit Pichyangkul
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Thongpoon S, Roobsoong W, Nguitragool W, Chotirat S, Tsuboi T, Takashima E, Cui L, Ishino T, Tachibana M, Miura K, Sattabongkot J. Naturally Acquired Transmission-Blocking Immunity Against Different Strains of Plasmodium vivax in a Malaria-Endemic Area in Thailand. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:567-575. [PMID: 37943633 PMCID: PMC10873188 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunity triggered by natural malaria infections impedes parasite transmission from humans to mosquitoes, leading to interest in transmission-blocking vaccines. However, immunity characteristics, especially strain specificity, remain largely unexplored. We investigated naturally acquired transmission-blocking immunity (TBI) against Plasmodium vivax, a major malaria parasite. METHODS Using the direct membrane-feeding assay, we assessed TBI in plasma samples and examined the role of antibodies by removing immunoglobulins through protein G/L adsorption before mosquito feeding. Strain specificity was evaluated by conducting a direct membrane-feeding assay with plasma exchange. RESULTS Blood samples from 47 patients with P vivax were evaluated, with 37 plasma samples successfully infecting mosquitoes. Among these, 26 showed inhibition before immunoglobulin depletion. Despite substantial immunoglobulin removal, 4 samples still exhibited notable inhibition, while 22 had reduced blocking activity. Testing against heterologous strains revealed some plasma samples with broad TBI and others with strain-specific TBI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that naturally acquired TBI is mainly mediated by antibodies, with possible contributions from other serum factors. The transmission-blocking activity of plasma samples varied by the tested parasite strain, suggesting single polymorphic or multiple targets for naturally acquired TBI. These observations improve understanding of immunity against P vivax and hold implications for transmission-blocking vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wang Nguitragool
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Kunkeaw N, Nguitragool W, Takashima E, Kangwanrangsan N, Muramatsu H, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Pichyangkul S, Tsuboi T, Pardi N, Sattabongkot J. A Pvs25 mRNA vaccine induces complete and durable transmission-blocking immunity to Plasmodium vivax. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:187. [PMID: 38092803 PMCID: PMC10719277 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) is the major malaria parasite outside of Africa and no vaccine is available against it. A vaccine that interrupts parasite transmission (transmission-blocking vaccine, TBV) is considered highly desirable to reduce the spread of P. vivax and to accelerate its elimination. However, the development of a TBV against this pathogen has been hampered by the inability to culture the parasite as well as the low immunogenicity of the vaccines developed to date. Pvs25 is the most advanced TBV antigen candidate for P. vivax. However, in previous phase I clinical trials, TBV vaccines based on Pvs25 yielded low antibody responses or had unacceptable safety profiles. As the nucleoside-modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) vaccine platform proved to be safe and effective in humans, we generated and tested mRNA-LNP vaccines encoding several versions of Pvs25 in mice. We found that in a prime-boost vaccination schedule, all Pvs25 mRNA-LNP vaccines elicited robust antigen-specific antibody responses. Furthermore, when compared with a Pvs25 recombinant protein vaccine formulated with Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant, the full-length Pvs25 mRNA-LNP vaccine induced a stronger and longer-lasting functional immunity. Seven months after the second vaccination, vaccine-induced antibodies retained the ability to fully block P. vivax transmission in direct membrane feeding assays, whereas the blocking activity induced by the protein/ISA-51 vaccine dropped significantly. Taken together, we report on mRNA vaccines targeting P. vivax and demonstrate that Pvs25 mRNA-LNP outperformed an adjuvanted Pvs25 protein vaccine suggesting that it is a promising candidate for further testing in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawapol Kunkeaw
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wang Nguitragool
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sathit Pichyangkul
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Baba M, Nozaki M, Tachibana M, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T. Rhoptry neck protein 4 plays important roles during Plasmodium sporozoite infection of the mammalian liver. mSphere 2023; 8:e0058722. [PMID: 37272704 PMCID: PMC10449513 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00587-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During invasion, Plasmodium parasites secrete proteins from rhoptry and microneme apical end organelles, which have crucial roles in attaching to and invading target cells. A sporozoite stage-specific gene silencing system revealed that rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2), RON4, and RON5 are important for sporozoite invasion of mosquito salivary glands. Here, we further investigated the roles of RON4 during sporozoite infection of the liver in vivo. Following intravenous inoculation of RON4-knockdown sporozoites into mice, we demonstrated that sporozoite RON4 has multiple functions during sporozoite traversal of sinusoidal cells and infection of hepatocytes. In vitro infection experiments using a hepatoma cell line revealed that secreted RON4 is involved in sporozoite adhesion to hepatocytes and has an important role in the early steps of hepatocyte infection. In addition, in vitro motility assays indicated that RON4 is required for sporozoite attachment to the substrate and the onset of migration. These findings indicate that RON4 is crucial for sporozoite migration toward and invasion of hepatocytes via attachment ability and motility.IMPORTANCEMalarial parasite transmission to mammals is established when sporozoites are inoculated by mosquitoes and migrate through the bloodstream to infect hepatocytes. Many aspects of the molecular mechanisms underpinning migration and cellular invasion remain largely unelucidated. By applying a sporozoite stage-specific gene silencing system in the rodent malarial parasite, Plasmodium berghei, we demonstrated that rhoptry neck protein 4 (RON4) is crucial for sporozoite infection of the liver in vivo. Combined with in vitro investigations, it was revealed that RON4 functions during a crossing of the sinusoidal cell layer and invading hepatocytes, at an early stage of liver infection, by mediating the sporozoite capacity for adhesion and the onset of motility. Since RON4 is also expressed in Plasmodium merozoites and Toxoplasma tachyzoites, our findings contribute to understanding the conserved invasion mechanisms of Apicomplexa parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nozaki
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Mano H, Kitamura K, Tachibana M, Suzuki A, Yamauchi T, Murakami T, Okumura Y, Koyama M, Shimizu K. Rehabilitation Approach for Children With Joubert Syndrome and Related Disorders. Cureus 2023; 15:e38658. [PMID: 37288221 PMCID: PMC10242429 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) are rare and intractable diseases characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia and/or ataxia, and abnormal respiratory and eye movements. Cerebellar vermis agenesis and molar tooth signs are distinct on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Children with JSRD present with delayed psychomotor development, including intellectual disability and emotional or behavioral problems. Rehabilitation treatments are provided to promote psychomotor development. However, limited reports and evidence exist on rehabilitation treatments for children with JSRD. Three children with JSRD received rehabilitation treatment. The children received rehabilitation treatment once a week to once every one to two months at our hospital and/or other facilities. All patients received physical, occupational, and speech-language-hearing therapy, depending on their symptoms and conditions. In children with tracheostomies due to abnormal respiration, respiratory physical therapy and speech-language-hearing therapy, including augmentative and alternative communication, were needed. For hypotonia and ataxia, an orthotic intervention was considered in all three cases, and foot or ankle-foot orthoses were used in two cases. Although there is no specific or established rehabilitation method for children with JSRD, appropriate rehabilitation approaches, including physical, occupational, speech-language-hearing therapies and orthotic intervention, should be considered and provided to improve their function and expand their activity and participation. Orthotic intervention for hypotonia seems reasonable for improving gross motor development and function in children with JSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mano
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Kenichi Kitamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Ai Suzuki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Toyohiro Yamauchi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Tomomi Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Yoshinori Okumura
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Masashi Koyama
- Department of Radiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
| | - Kenji Shimizu
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Cytogenetics, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, JPN
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Otsuki H, Kaneko O, Ito D, Kondo Y, Iriko H, Ishino T, Tachibana M, Tsuboi T, Torii M. Cysteine Residues in Region 6 of the Plasmodium yoelii Erythrocyte-Binding-like Ligand That Are Related to Its Localization and the Course of Infection. Biomolecules 2023; 13:458. [PMID: 36979393 PMCID: PMC10046610 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium malaria parasites use erythrocyte-binding-like (EBL) ligands to invade erythrocytes in their vertebrate host. EBLs are released from micronemes, which are secretory organelles located at the merozoite apical end and bind to erythrocyte surface receptors. Because of their essential nature, EBLs have been studied as vaccine candidates, such as the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein. Previously, we showed through using the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii that a single amino acid substitution within the EBL C-terminal Cys-rich domain (region 6) caused mislocalization of this molecule and resulted in alteration of the infection course and virulence between the non-lethal 17X and lethal 17XL strains. In the present study, we generated a panel of transgenic P. yoelii lines in which seven of the eight conserved Cys residues in EBL region 6 were independently substituted to Ala residues to observe the consequence of these substitutions with respect to EBL localization, the infection course, and virulence. Five out of seven transgenic lines showed EBL mislocalizations and higher parasitemias. Among them, three showed increased virulence, whereas the other two did not kill the infected mice. The remaining two transgenic lines showed low parasitemias similar to their parental 17X strain, and their EBL localizations did not change. The results indicate the importance of Cys residues in EBL region 6 for EBL localization, parasite infection course, and virulence and suggest an association between EBL localization and the parasite infection course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Otsuki
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yoko Kondo
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
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9
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Takashima E, Tachibana M, Morita M, Nagaoka H, Kanoi BN, Tsuboi T. Identification of Novel Malaria Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Candidates. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:805482. [PMID: 34917521 PMCID: PMC8670312 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.805482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Control measures have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality in the last two decades; however, the downward trends have stalled and have become complicated by the emergence of COVID-19. Significant efforts have been made to develop malaria vaccines, but currently only the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum has been recommended by the WHO, for widespread use among children in sub-Saharan Africa. The efficacy of RTS,S/AS01 is modest, and therefore the development of more efficacious vaccines is still needed. In addition, the development of transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) to reduce the parasite transmission from humans to mosquitoes is required toward the goal of malaria elimination. Few TBVs have reached clinical development, and challenges include low immunogenicity or high reactogenicity in humans. Therefore, novel approaches to accelerate TBV research and development are urgently needed, especially novel TBV candidate discovery. In this mini review we summarize the progress in TBV research and development, novel TBV candidate discovery, and discuss how to accelerate novel TBV candidate discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morita
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nagaoka
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Bernard N Kanoi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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10
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Tachibana M, Takashima E, Morita M, Sattabongkot J, Ishino T, Culleton R, Torii M, Tsuboi T. Plasmodium vivax transmission-blocking vaccines: Progress, challenges and innovation. Parasitol Int 2021; 87:102525. [PMID: 34896614 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Existing control measures have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality in the last two decades, although these reductions are now stalling. Significant efforts have been undertaken to develop malaria vaccines. Recently, extensive progress in malaria vaccine development has been made for Plasmodium falciparum. To date, only the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been tested in Phase 3 clinical trials and is now under implementation, despite modest efficacy. Therefore, the development of a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) will be essential for malaria elimination. Only a limited number of TBVs have reached pre-clinical or clinical development with several major challenges impeding their development, including low immunogenicity in humans. TBV development efforts against P. vivax, the second major cause of malaria morbidity, lag far behind those for P. falciparum. In this review we summarize the latest progress, challenges and innovations in P. vivax TBV research and discuss how to accelerate its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Morita
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Richard Culleton
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
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11
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Tachibana M, Baba M, Takashima E, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T. The C-terminal region of the Plasmodium yoelii microgamete surface antigen PyMiGS induces potent anti-malarial transmission-blocking immunity in mice. Vaccine 2020; 38:3129-3136. [PMID: 32147299 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) aim to inhibit parasite fertilization or further development within the mosquito midgut. Because TBV-immunized individuals reduce the transmission of malaria parasites to mosquito vectors, TBVs could serve as a promising strategy to eliminate malaria. We previously reported that a male specific protein, PyMiGS (Plasmodium yoelii microgamete surface protein), is localized to the surface of microgametes and anti-PyMiGS antibodies have strong transmission-blocking activity. In this study we determine a region of PyMiGS that contains epitopes inducing potent transmission-blocking antibodies. PyMiGS excluding the N-terminal signal sequence and C-terminal hydrophobic region (PyMiGS-full) was divided into five overlapping regions, named I through V, and corresponding truncated recombinant proteins were produced. Anti-region V antibody, affinity-purified from anti-PyMiGS-full rabbit antiserum, significantly reduced the number of oocysts in a mosquito membrane-feeding assay. Antibodies from mice immunized with PyMiGS-V recognized the microgamete surface and showed higher transmission-blocking efficacy than antibodies obtained by PyMiGS-full immunization. These results indicate that the major epitopes for transmission-blocking antibodies are within region V at the C-terminal region of PyMiGS. Therefore, region V of MiGS could be a promising pre-fertilization TBV candidate antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
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12
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Ishino T, Tachibana M, Baba M, Iriko H, Tsuboi T, Torii M. Observation of morphological changes of female osmiophilic bodies prior to Plasmodium gametocyte egress from erythrocytes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2020; 236:111261. [PMID: 31981605 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2020.111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium parasites cause malaria in mammalian hosts and are transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Gametocytes, which differentiate from asexual-stage parasites, are activated by environmental changes when ingested into the mosquito midgut, and are rapidly released from erythrocytes prior to fertilization. Secretory proteins localized to osmiophilic bodies (OBs), organelles unique to gametocytes, have been reported to be involved in female gametocyte egress. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of OBs in activated gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii using the female OB-specific marker protein, G377. After activation, female gametocyte OBs migrate to the parasite surface and fuse to form large vesicles beneath the parasite plasma membrane. At the marginal region of female gametocytes, fused vesicles secrete contents by exocytosis into the parasitophorous vacuole space, prior to parasite egress via the break-down of the erythrocyte membrane. This is the first detailed description of how proteins are transported through osmiophilic bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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13
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Ishizaki T, Chaiyawong N, Hakimi H, Asada M, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Yahata K, Kaneko O. A novel Plasmodium yoelii pseudokinase, PypPK1, is involved in erythrocyte invasion and exflagellation center formation. Parasitol Int 2020; 76:102056. [PMID: 31953169 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Malaria parasites proliferate by repeated invasion of and multiplication within erythrocytes in the vertebrate host. Sexually committed intraerythrocytic parasites undergo sexual stage differentiation to become gametocytes. After ingestion by the mosquito, male and female gametocytes egress from erythrocytes and fertilize within the mosquito midgut. A complex signaling pathway likely responds to environmental events to trigger gametogenesis and regulate fertilization; however, such knowledge remains limited for malaria parasites. Several pseudokinases are highly transcribed at the gametocyte stage and are possible multi-functional regulators controlling critical steps of the life cycle. Here we characterized one pseudokinase, termed PypPK1, in Plasmodium yoelii that is highly expressed in schizonts and male gametocytes. Immunofluorescence assays for parasites expressing Myc-tagged PypPK1 confirmed that PypPK1 protein is expressed in schizonts and sexual stage parasites. Transgenic ΔpPK1 parasites, in which the PypPK1 gene locus was deleted by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, showed significant growth defect and reduced virulence in mice. In the blood stage, ΔpPK1 parasites were able to egress from erythrocytes similar to wild type parasites; however, erythrocyte invasion efficacy was significantly reduced. During sexual stage development, no clear changes were seen in male and female gametocytemias as well as gametocyte egress from erythrocytes; but, the number of exflagellation centers and oocysts were significantly reduced in ΔpPK1 parasites. Taken together, PypPK1 has an important role for both erythrocyte invasion and exflagellation center formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ishizaki
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Nattawat Chaiyawong
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Masahito Asada
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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14
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Iriko H, Ishino T, Tachibana M, Omoda A, Torii M, Tsuboi T. Skeleton binding protein 1 (SBP1) of Plasmodium falciparum accumulates in electron-dense material before passing through the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Parasitol Int 2019; 75:102003. [PMID: 31669509 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum proteins involved in vascular endothelial cell adherence are transported to the surface of infected erythrocytes. These proteins are exported through parasite-derived membrane structures within the erythrocyte cytoplasm called Maurer's clefts. Skeleton binding protein 1 (SBP1) is localized in the Maurer's clefts and plays an important role in transporting molecules to the surface of infected erythrocytes. Details of the translocation pathway are unclear and in this study we focused on the subcellular localization of SBP1 at an early intraerythrocytic stage. We performed immunoelectron microscopy using specific anti-SBP1 antibodies generated by immunization with recombinant SBP1 of P. falciparum. At the early trophozoite (ring form) stage, SBP1 was detected within an electron dense material (EDM) found in the parasite cytoplasm and in the parasitophorous vacuolar (PV) space. These findings demonstrate that SBP1 accumulates in EDM in the early trophozoite cytoplasm and is transported to the PV space before translocation to the Maurer's clefts formed in the erythrocyte cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ayaka Omoda
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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15
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Dam TT, Okamura K, Nakajima T, Yonemoto Y, Suto T, Arisaka Y, Tomonaga H, Tachibana M, Tajika T, Vu LD, Chikuda H, Tsushima Y. Axillary lymph-node metabolic activity assessment on 18F-FDG-PET/CT in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologic therapies. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 49:96-104. [PMID: 31578102 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1650106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have provided new insights into the role of lymph nodes (LNs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic activity of the axillary LNs in relation to that of the upper limb joints and the clinical assessment of disease activity in RA patients treated with biologic therapies.Method: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) scans were acquired for 64 patients with RA at baseline and after 6 months of biologic therapy, and the patients' clinical status was evaluated. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic active volume, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were used to assess glucose metabolism in the LNs and 12 joints. Clinical evaluations included serum markers and the Disease Activity Score based on 28-joint count-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR).Results: Changes in the SUVmax and TLG for the axillary LNs correlated significantly with those of the ipsilateral wrist joints. There was a positive correlation between the changes in the three metabolic parameters of the axillary LNs and the changes in disease activity after treatment. After 6 months of biologic therapy, all metabolic parameters for the axillary LNs in patients with a DAS28-ESR < 3.2 were significantly lower than those of patients with a DAS28-ESR ≥ 3.2.Conclusion: A relationship between the glucose metabolism of the axillary LNs and the ipsilateral wrist joints was demonstrated by the 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters. The metabolic activity and active volume of axillary LNs may reflect the therapeutic response to the biologic treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Dam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Radiology Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - K Okamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Y Yonemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - T Suto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Y Arisaka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - H Tomonaga
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - M Tachibana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - T Tajika
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - L D Vu
- Radiology Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - H Chikuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Y Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging, Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gumna, Japan
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16
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Kinoshita T, Hashimoto K, Yoshioka K, Miwa Y, Yodogawa K, Watanabe E, Nakamura K, Nakagawa M, Nakamura K, Watanabe T, Yusu S, Tachibana M, Nakahara S, Mizumaki K, Ikeda T. P5639Risk stratification for mortality using electrocardiographic markers based on 24-hour holter recordings: the JANIES-SHD study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recent guidelines have stated that reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the gold standard marker for identifying patients at risk for cardiac mortality. Although reduced LVEF identifies patients at an increased risk of cardiac arrest, sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs) occur considerably more often in patients with relatively preserved LVEF. Current guidelines on SCD risk stratification do not adequately cover this general population pool. Several noninvasive electrocardiographic (ECG) risk stratifiers that reflect depolarization abnormality, repolarization abnormality, and autonomic imbalance have been evaluated so far. With current therapeutic advances using new medicines or devices, an LVEF is often preserved in patients with structural heart disease (SHD). However, the usefulness of noninvasive ECG markers for risk stratification in such a patient population has not yet been elucidated.
Purpose
This study aimed to assess clinical indices and ECG markers based on 24-hour Holter ECG recordings for predicting cardiac mortality in patients with SHD who have left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) but relatively preserved LVEF.
Methods
In total, 1,829 patients were enrolled into the Japanese Multicenter Observational Prospective Study (JANIES study). In this study, we analyzed data of 719 patients (569 men, age 64±13 years) with SHD including mainly ischemic heart disease (65.8%). As ECG markers based on 24-hour Holter recordings, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), ventricular late potentials, and heart rate turbulence (HRT) were assessed. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was fatal arrhythmic events.
Results
During a mean follow-up of 21±11 months, all-cause mortality was eventually observed in 39 patients (5.4%). Among those patients, 32 patients (82%) suffered from cardiac causes such as heart failure and arrhythmia. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age and LVEF, documented NSVT (hazard ratio=2.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38–5.76, P=0.005) and abnormal HRT (hazard ratio=2.31, 95% CI: 1.15–4.65, P=0.02) were significantly associated with the primary endpoint. These two ECG markers also had significant predictive values with the secondary endpoint. The combined assessment documented NSVT and abnormal HRT improved predictive accuracy.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that combined assessment of documented NSVT and abnormal HRT based on 24-hour Holter ECG recordings are recommended for predicting future serious events in SHD patients who have relatively preserved LVEF.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Grants-in-Aid (21590909, 24591074, and 15K09103 to T.I.) for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technol
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kinoshita
- Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hashimoto
- National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Yoshioka
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Miwa
- Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yodogawa
- Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Nakamura
- Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan, Gunma, Japan
| | | | | | | | - S Yusu
- Inagi Municipal Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - S Nakahara
- Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - T Ikeda
- Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Miura K, Tachibana M, Takashima E, Morita M, Kanoi BN, Nagaoka H, Baba M, Torii M, Ishino T, Tsuboi T. Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines: wheat germ cell-free technology can accelerate vaccine development. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:1017-1027. [PMID: 31566026 PMCID: PMC11000147 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1674145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Highly effective malaria vaccines are essential component toward malaria elimination. Although the leading malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, with modest efficacy is being evaluated in a pilot feasibility trial, development of a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) could make a major contribution toward malaria elimination. Only a few TBV antigens have reached pre-clinical or clinical development but with several challenges including difficulties in the expression of malaria recombinant proteins and low immunogenicity in humans. Therefore, novel approaches to accelerate TBV research to preclinical development are critical to generate an efficacious TBV.Areas covered: PubMed was searched to review the progress and future prospects of malaria TBV research and development. We also reviewed registered trials at ClinicalTrials.gov as well as post-genome TBV candidate discovery research including our efforts.Expert opinion: Wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis technology can accelerate TBV development by overcoming some current challenges of TBV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morita
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Bernard N Kanoi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nagaoka
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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18
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Tokunaga N, Nozaki M, Tachibana M, Baba M, Matsuoka K, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T. Expression and Localization Profiles of Rhoptry Proteins in Plasmodium berghei Sporozoites. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:316. [PMID: 31552198 PMCID: PMC6746830 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Plasmodium lifecycle two infectious stages of parasites, merozoites, and sporozoites, efficiently infect mammalian host cells, erythrocytes, and hepatocytes, respectively. The apical structure of merozoites and sporozoites contains rhoptry and microneme secretory organelles, which are conserved with other infective forms of apicomplexan parasites. During merozoite invasion of erythrocytes, some rhoptry proteins are secreted to form a tight junction between the parasite and target cell, while others are discharged to maintain subsequent infection inside the parasitophorous vacuole. It has been questioned whether the invasion mechanisms mediated by rhoptry proteins are also involved in sporozoite invasion of two distinct target cells, mosquito salivary glands and mammalian hepatocytes. Recently we demonstrated that rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2), which is crucial for tight junction formation in merozoites, is also important for sporozoite invasion of both target cells. With the aim of comprehensively describing the mechanisms of sporozoite invasion, the expression and localization profiles of rhoptry proteins were investigated in Plasmodium berghei sporozoites. Of 12 genes representing merozoite rhoptry molecules, nine are transcribed in oocyst-derived sporozoites at a similar or higher level compared to those in blood-stage schizonts. Immuno-electron microscopy demonstrates that eight proteins, namely RON2, RON4, RON5, ASP/RON1, RALP1, RON3, RAP1, and RAMA, localize to rhoptries in sporozoites. It is noteworthy that most rhoptry neck proteins in merozoites are localized throughout rhoptries in sporozoites. This study demonstrates that most rhoptry proteins, except components of the high-molecular mass rhoptry protein complex, are commonly expressed in merozoites and sporozoites in Plasmodium spp., which suggests that components of the invasion mechanisms are basically conserved between infective forms independently of their target cells. Combined with sporozoite-stage specific gene silencing strategies, the contribution of rhoptry proteins in invasion mechanisms can be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohito Tokunaga
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nozaki
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuoka
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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19
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Bantuchai S, Nozaki M, Thongkukiatkul A, Lorsuwannarat N, Tachibana M, Baba M, Matsuoka K, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T. Rhoptry neck protein 11 has crucial roles during malaria parasite sporozoite invasion of salivary glands and hepatocytes. Int J Parasitol 2019; 49:725-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Jenwithisuk R, Kangwanrangsan N, Tachibana M, Thongkukiatkul A, Otsuki H, Sattabongkot J, Tsuboi T, Torii M, Ishino T. Identification of a PH domain-containing protein which is localized to crystalloid bodies of Plasmodium ookinetes. Malar J 2018; 17:466. [PMID: 30545367 PMCID: PMC6291999 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For the success of the malaria control and eradication programme it is essential to reduce parasite transmission by mosquito vectors. In the midguts of mosquitoes fed with parasite-infected blood, sexual-stage parasites fertilize to develop into motile ookinetes that traverse midgut epithelial cells and reside adjacent the basal lamina. Therefore, the ookinete is a promising target of transmission-blocking vaccines to break the parasite lifecycle in mosquito vectors. However, the molecular mechanisms of ookinete formation and invasion of epithelial cells have not been fully elucidated. A unique structure called the crystalloid body has been identified in the ookinete cytoplasm by electron microscopy, but its biological functions remain unclear. Methods A recombinant protein of a novel molecule, designated as crystalloid body specific PH domain-containing protein of Plasmodium yoelii (PyCryPH), was synthesized using a wheat germ cell-free system. Specific rabbit antibodies against PyCryPH were obtained to characterize the expression and localization of PyCryPH during sexual-stage parasite development. In addition, PyCryPH knockout parasites were generated by targeted gene disruption to examine PyCryPH function in mosquito-stage parasite development. Results Western blot and immunofluorescence assays using specific antibodies showed that PyCryPH is specifically expressed in zygotes and ookinetes. By immunoelectron microscopy it was demonstrated that PyCryPH is localized within crystalloid bodies. Parasites with a disrupted PyCryPH gene developed normally into ookinetes and formed oocysts on the basal lamina of midguts. In addition, the number of sporozoites residing in salivary glands was comparable to that of wild-type parasites. Conclusions CryPH, containing a signal peptide and PH domain, is predominantly expressed in zygotes and ookinetes and is localized to crystalloid bodies in P. yoelii. CryPH accumulates in vesicle-like structures prior to the appearance of typical crystalloid bodies. Unlike other known crystalloid body localized proteins, CryPH does not appear to have a multiple domain architecture characteristic of the LAP/CCp family proteins. Although CryPH is highly conserved among Plasmodium, Babesia, Theileria, and Cryptosporidium, PyCryPH is dispensable for the development of invasive ookinetes and sporozoites in mosquito bodies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2617-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachaneeporn Jenwithisuk
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Amporn Thongkukiatkul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand
| | - Hitoshi Otsuki
- Division of Medical Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
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21
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Tachibana M, Ishino T, Tsuboi T, Torii M. The Plasmodium yoelii microgamete surface antigen (PyMiGS) induces anti-malarial transmission blocking immunity that reduces microgamete motility/release from activated male gametocytes. Vaccine 2018; 36:7463-7471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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22
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Ishino T, Murata E, Tokunaga N, Baba M, Tachibana M, Thongkukiatkul A, Tsuboi T, Torii M. Rhoptry neck protein 2 expressed in Plasmodium sporozoites plays a crucial role during invasion of mosquito salivary glands. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12964. [PMID: 30307699 PMCID: PMC6587811 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Malaria parasite transmission to humans is initiated by the inoculation of Plasmodium sporozoites into the skin by mosquitoes. Sporozoites develop within mosquito midgut oocysts, first invade the salivary glands of mosquitoes, and finally infect hepatocytes in mammals. The apical structure of sporozoites is conserved with the infective forms of other apicomplexan parasites that have secretory organelles, such as rhoptries and micronemes. Because some rhoptry proteins are crucial for Plasmodium merozoite infection of erythrocytes, we examined the roles of rhoptry proteins in sporozoites. Here, we demonstrate that rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2) is also localized to rhoptries in sporozoites. To elucidate RON2 function in sporozoites, we applied a promoter swapping strategy to restrict ron2 transcription to the intraerythrocytic stage in the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium berghei. Ron2 knockdown sporozoites were severely impaired in their ability to invade salivary glands, via decreasing the attachment capacity to the substrate. This is the first rhoptry protein demonstrated to be involved in salivary gland invasion. In addition, ron2 knockdown sporozoites showed less infectivity to hepatocytes, possibly due to decreased attachment/gliding ability, indicating that parts of the parasite invasion machinery are conserved, but their contribution might differ among infective forms. Our sporozoite stage‐specific knockdown system will help to facilitate understanding the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of parasite invasion of target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Eri Murata
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Naohito Tokunaga
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Minami Baba
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | | | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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Oda-Yokouchi Y, Tachibana M, Iriko H, Torii M, Ishino T, Tsuboi T. Plasmodium RON12 localizes to the rhoptry body in sporozoites. Parasitol Int 2018; 68:17-23. [PMID: 30290224 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Invasion of host cells by apicomplexan parasites is mediated by proteins released from microneme, rhoptry, and dense granule secretory organelles located at the apical end of parasite invasive forms. Microneme secreted proteins establish interactions with host cell receptors and induce exocytosis of the rhoptry organelle. Rhoptry proteins are involved in target cell invasion as well as the formation of the parasitophorous vacuole in which parasites reside during development within the host cell. In Plasmodium merozoites, the rhoptry neck protein (RON) complex consists of RON2, RON4, and RON5, and interacts with apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) as a critical structure of the invasion moving junction. PfRON12 is known to localize to the rhoptry neck of merozoites, but its function remains obscure. The roles of RON proteins are largely unknown in sporozoites, the second invasive form of Plasmodium which possesses a conserved apical end secretory structure. Here, we confirm that RON12 is expressed in the rhoptry neck of merozoites in rodent malaria parasites, whereas in contrast we show that RON12 is localized to the rhoptry body in sporozoites. Phenotypic analysis of Plasmodium berghei ron12-disrupted mutants revealed that RON12 is dispensable for sporogony, invasion of mosquito salivary glands and mouse hepatocytes, and development in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Oda-Yokouchi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan; Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
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24
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Iriko H, Ishino T, Otsuki H, Ito D, Tachibana M, Torii M, Tsuboi T. Plasmodium falciparum Exported Protein 1 is localized to dense granules in merozoites. Parasitol Int 2018; 67:637-639. [PMID: 29886341 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apical organellar proteins in Plasmodium falciparum merozoites play important roles upon invasion. To date, dense granule, the least studied apical organelle, secretes parasite proteins across the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) to remodel the infected erythrocyte. Although this phenomenon is key to parasite growth and virulence, only five proteins so far have been identified as dense granule proteins. Further elucidation of dense granule molecule(s) is therefore required. P. falciparum Exported Protein (EXP) 1, previously reported as a parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) protein, is considered essential for parasite growth. In this study, we characterized EXP1 using specific anti-EXP1 antibodies generated by immunization of wheat germ cell-free produced recombinant EXP1. Immunofluorescence microscopy (IFA) demonstrated that EXP1 co-localized with RESA, indicating that the protein is initially localized to dense granules in merozoites, followed by translocation to the PVM. The EXP1 localization in dense granule of merozoites and its translocation to the PVM after invasion of erythrocytes were further confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. Here, we demonstrate that EXP1 is one of the dense granule proteins in merozoites, which is then transported to the PVM after invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Otsuki
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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25
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Tachibana M, Ishino T, Takashima E, Tsuboi T, Torii M. A male gametocyte osmiophilic body and microgamete surface protein of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii (PyMiGS) plays a critical role in male osmiophilic body formation and exflagellation. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12821. [PMID: 29316140 PMCID: PMC5901010 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Anopheles mosquitoes transmit Plasmodium parasites of mammals, including the species that cause malaria in humans. Malaria pathology is caused by rapid multiplication of parasites in asexual intraerythrocytic cycles. Sexual stage parasites are also produced during the intraerythrocytic cycle and are ingested by the mosquito, initiating gametogenesis and subsequent sporogonic stage development. Here, we present a Plasmodium protein, termed microgamete surface protein (MiGS), which has an important role in male gametocyte osmiophilic body (MOB) formation and microgamete function. MiGS is expressed exclusively in male gametocytes and microgametes, in which MiGS localises to the MOB and microgamete surface. Targeted gene disruption of MiGS in a rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL generated knockout parasites (ΔPyMiGS) that proliferate normally in erythrocytes and form male and female gametocytes. The number of MOB in male gametocyte cytoplasm is markedly reduced and the exflagellation of microgametes is impaired in ΔPyMiGS. In addition, anti‐PyMiGS antibody severely blocked the parasite development in the Anopheles stephensi mosquito. MiGS might thus be a potential novel transmission‐blocking vaccine target candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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26
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Tachibana M, Takamasu K, Kotani K. Investigation of the Influence of Swallowing, Coughing and Vocalization on Heart Rate Variability with Respiratory-phase Domain Analysis. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1625403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives
: The objective of our study is to investigate extrinsic influences on heart rate variability using respiratory-phase domain analysis. Swallowing, coughing and vocalization (reading aloud and conversation) are adopted as extrinsic influences.
Methods
: In this study, an instantaneous R-R interval (RRI) is sampled at each π/10 rad of the respiratory phase and the data is divided into three subsets: a) respiration with event, b) one respiration after the event, and c) normal respiration. Then the mean waveforms of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) are calculated and compared.
Results and Conclusions
: It is found that swallowing induces tachycardia that recovers within one respiration. Coughing also induces tachycardia, but it does not recover within one respiration. Vocalization shortens the mean RRI, but the changing respiratory pattern due to vocalization has no statistically significant influence on the amplitude of RSA. Furthermore, it is found that the proposed method is effective for analyzing extrinsic influences on heart rate variability (HRV).
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27
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Sakamoto H, Takeo S, Takashima E, Miura K, Kanoi BN, Kaneko T, Han ET, Tachibana M, Matsuoka K, Sattabongkot J, Udomsangpetch R, Ishino T, Tsuboi T. Identification of target proteins of clinical immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in a region of low malaria transmission. Parasitol Int 2017; 67:203-208. [PMID: 29217416 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The target molecules of antibodies against falciparum malaria remain largely unknown. Recently we have identified multiple proteins as targets of immunity against Plasmodium falciparum using African serum samples. To investigate whether potential targets of clinical immunity differ with transmission intensity, we assessed immune responses in residents of low malaria transmission region in Thailand. Malaria asymptomatic volunteers (Asy: n=19) and symptomatic patients (Sym: n=21) were enrolled into the study. Serum immunoreactivity to 186 wheat germ cell-free system (WGCFS)-synthesized recombinant P. falciparum asexual-blood stage proteins were determined by AlphaScreen, and subsequently compared between the study groups. Forty proteins were determined as immunoreactive with antibody responses to 35 proteins being higher in Asy group than in Sym group. Among the 35 proteins, antibodies to MSP3, MSPDBL1, RH2b, and MSP7 were significantly higher in Asy than Sym (unadjusted p<0.005) suggesting these antigens may have a protective role in clinical malaria. MSP3 reactivity remained significantly different between Asy and Sym groups even after multiple comparison adjustments (adjusted p=0.033). Interestingly, while our two preceding studies using African sera were conducted differently (e.g., cross-sectional vs. longitudinal design, observed clinical manifestation vs. functional activity), those studies similarly identified MSP3 and MSPDBL1 as potential targets of protective immunity. This study further provides a strong rationale for the application of WGCFS-based immunoprofiling to malaria vaccine candidate and biomarker discovery even in low or reduced malaria transmission settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Sakamoto
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeo
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Bernard N Kanoi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kaneko
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuoka
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rachanee Udomsangpetch
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhosn Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
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Yoshizaki A, Aoi Y, Yamamoto T, Murata E, Okada S, Matsuzawa S, Hoshino K, Kato-Nishimura K, Miyata R, Tachibana M, Mohri I, Taniike M. Development of an interactive smartphone application for the improvement of Japanese infants' sleep habits. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Hallas AM, Gaudet J, Butch NP, Xu G, Tachibana M, Wiebe CR, Luke GM, Gaulin BD. Phase Competition in the Palmer-Chalker XY Pyrochlore Er_{2}Pt_{2}O_{7}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:187201. [PMID: 29219594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.187201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report neutron scattering measurements on Er_{2}Pt_{2}O_{7}, a new addition to the XY family of frustrated pyrochlore magnets. Symmetry analysis of our elastic scattering data shows that Er_{2}Pt_{2}O_{7} orders into the k=0, Γ_{7} magnetic structure (the Palmer-Chalker state), at T_{N}=0.38 K. This contrasts with its sister XY pyrochlore antiferromagnets Er_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7} and Er_{2}Ge_{2}O_{7}, both of which order into Γ_{5} magnetic structures at much higher temperatures, T_{N}=1.2 and 1.4 K, respectively. In this temperature range, the magnetic heat capacity of Er_{2}Pt_{2}O_{7} contains a broad anomaly centered at T^{*}=1.5 K. Our inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal that this broad heat capacity anomaly sets the temperature scale for strong short-range spin fluctuations. Below T_{N}=0.38 K, Er_{2}Pt_{2}O_{7} displays a gapped spin-wave spectrum with an intense, flat band of excitations at lower energy and a weak, diffusive band of excitations at higher energy. The flat band is well described by classical spin-wave calculations, but these calculations also predict sharp dispersive branches at higher energy, a striking discrepancy with the experimental data. This, in concert with the strong suppression of T_{N}, is attributable to enhanced quantum fluctuations due to phase competition between the Γ_{7} and Γ_{5} states that border each other within a classically predicted phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hallas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - J Gaudet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - N P Butch
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS 6100, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Guangyong Xu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS 6100, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - M Tachibana
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C R Wiebe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - G M Luke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - B D Gaulin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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Tachibana M, Kato T, Kato-Nishimura K, Matsuzawa S, Mohri I, Taniike M. Associations of sleep bruxism with age, sleep apnea, and daytime problematic behaviors in children. Oral Dis 2016; 22:557-65. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Tachibana
- United Graduate School of Child Development; Osaka University; Suita Japan
- Department of Pediatrics; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita Japan
| | - T Kato
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Suita Japan
- Sleep Medicine Center; Osaka University Hospital; Suita Japan
| | - K Kato-Nishimura
- United Graduate School of Child Development; Osaka University; Suita Japan
- Ota Memorial Sleep Center; Kanagawa Japan
| | - S Matsuzawa
- United Graduate School of Child Development; Osaka University; Suita Japan
- Department of Pediatrics; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita Japan
| | - I Mohri
- United Graduate School of Child Development; Osaka University; Suita Japan
- Department of Pediatrics; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita Japan
- Sleep Medicine Center; Osaka University Hospital; Suita Japan
| | - M Taniike
- United Graduate School of Child Development; Osaka University; Suita Japan
- Department of Pediatrics; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita Japan
- Sleep Medicine Center; Osaka University Hospital; Suita Japan
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Hirasawa Y, Nakashima J, Tatsuo G, Shimizu Y, Tokuyama N, Shimodaira K, Nakagami Y, Horiguchi Y, Ohno Y, Namiki K, Ohori M, Tachibana M. 513 Sarcopenia as a novel preoperative prognostic predictor for survival in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(16)60515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Umemura E, Ito M, Tokura T, Nagashima W, Kimura H, Kobayashi Y, Tachibana M, Miyauchi M, Arao M, Ozaki N, Kurita K. The treatment pathway of chronic orofacial pain triggered by dental treatment – relieving effect and concurrent depressive symptoms of duloxetine treatment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Koizumi H, Uda S, Fujiwara K, Tachibana M, Kojima K, Nozawa J. Crystallization of high-quality protein crystals using an external electric field. J Appl Crystallogr 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576715015885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of a 20 kHz external electric field on the quality of tetragonal hen egg white (HEW) lysozyme crystals was investigated using X-ray diffraction rocking-curve measurements. The full width at half-maximum was found to be larger for high-order reflections but smaller for low-order reflections. In particular, it was revealed that a large amount of local strain is accumulated in tetragonal HEW lysozyme crystals grown under an applied field at 20 kHz. Comparison with previous results obtained for crystals grown with an applied field at 1 MHz [Koizumi, Uda, Fujiwara, Tachibana, Kojima & Nozawa (2013).J. Appl. Cryst.46, 25–29] indicated that improvement of the protein crystal quality could be achieved by selection of an appropriate frequency for the applied electric field, which has a significant effect on the growth of the solid.
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Yamamoto D, Takada T, Tachibana M, Iijima Y, Shioi A, Yoshikawa K. Micromotors working in water through artificial aerobic metabolism. Nanoscale 2015; 7:13186-13190. [PMID: 26186059 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03300d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Most catalytic micro/nanomotors that have been developed so far use hydrogen peroxide as fuel, while some use hydrazine. These fuels are difficult to apply because they can cause skin irritation, and often form and store disruptive bubbles. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel catalytic Pt micromotor that does not produce bubbles, and is driven by the oxidation of stable, non-toxic primary alcohols and aldehydes with dissolved oxygen. This use of organic oxidation mirrors living systems, and lends this new motor essentially the same characteristics, including decreased motility in low oxygen environments and the direct isothermal conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy. Interestingly, the motility direction is reversed by replacing the reducing fuels with hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, these micromotors not only provide a novel system in nanotechnology, but also help in further revealing the underlining mechanisms of motility of living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
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Nakahara S, Tachibana M, Watanabe Y. MO-F-CAMPUS-J-04: One-Year Analysis of Elekta CBCT Image Quality Using NPS and MTF. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tachibana M, Suwanabun N, Kaneko O, Iriko H, Otsuki H, Sattabongkot J, Kaneko A, Herrera S, Torii M, Tsuboi T. Plasmodium vivax gametocyte proteins, Pvs48/45 and Pvs47, induce transmission-reducing antibodies by DNA immunization. Vaccine 2015; 33:1901-8. [PMID: 25765968 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBV) aim to interfere with the development of the malaria parasite in the mosquito vector, and thus prevent spread of transmission in a community. To date three TBV candidates have been identified in Plasmodium vivax; namely, the gametocyte/gamete protein Pvs230, and the ookinete surface proteins Pvs25 and Pvs28. The Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte/gamete stage proteins Pfs48/45 and Pfs47 have been studied as TBV candidates, and Pfs48/45 shown to induce transmission-blocking antibodies, but the candidacy of their orthologs in P. vivax, Pvs48/45 (PVX_083235) and Pvs47 (PVX_083240), for vivax TBV have not been tested. Herein we investigated whether targeting Pvs48/45 and Pvs47 can inhibit parasite transmission to mosquitoes, using P. vivax isolates obtained in Thailand. Mouse antisera directed against the products from plasmids expressing Pvs48/45 and Pvs47 detected proteins of approximately 45- and 40-kDa, respectively, in the P. vivax gametocyte lysate, by Western blot analysis under non-reducing conditions. In immunofluorescence assays Pvs48/45 was detected predominantly on the surface and Pvs47 was detected in the cytoplasm of gametocytes. Membrane feeding transmission assays demonstrated that anti-Pvs48/45 and -Pvs47 mouse sera significantly reduced the number of P. vivax oocysts developing in the mosquito midgut. Limited amino acid polymorphism of these proteins was observed among 27 P. vivax isolates obtained from Thailand, Vanuatu, and Colombia; suggesting that polymorphism may not be an impediment for the utilization of Pvs48/45 and Pvs47 as TBV antigens. In one Thai isolate we found that the fourth cysteine residue in the Pvs47 cysteine-rich domain (CRD) III (amino acid position 337) is substituted to phenylalanine. However, antibodies targeting Pvs47 CRDI-III showed a significant transmission-reducing activity against this isolate, suggesting that this substitution in Pvs47 was not critical for recognition by the generated antibodies. In conclusion, our results indicate that Pvs48/45 and Pvs47 are potential transmission-blocking vaccine candidates of P. vivax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Nantavadee Suwanabun
- Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Otsuki
- Division of Medical Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Akira Kaneko
- Department of Parasitology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Island Malaria Group, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Socrates Herrera
- Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali AA 25574, Colombia
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
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Kitajima N, Tsukashima S, Fujii D, Tachibana M, Koizumi H, Wako K, Kojima K. Elastic constants in orthorhombic hen egg-white lysozyme crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:012714. [PMID: 24580264 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.012714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasonic sound velocities of cross-linked orthorhombic hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) crystals, including a large amount of water in the crystal, were measured using an ultrasonic pulse-echo method. As a result, seven elastic constants of orthorhombic crystals were observed to be C11 = 5.24 GPa, C22 = 4.87 GPa, C12 = 4.02 GPa, C33 = 5.23 GPa, C44 = 0.30 GPa, C55 = 0.40 GPa, and C66 = 0.43 GPa, respectively. However, C13 and C23 could not be observed because the suitable crystal planes could not be cut from bulk crystals. We conclude that the observed elastic constants of the cross-linked crystals are coincident with those of the intrinsic crystals without cross-linking. Moreover, the characteristics of the elastic constants in orthorhombic HEWL crystals are due to the fact that the shear elastic constants, C44, C55, and C66, are softer than in tetragonal crystals. That is, the shear components, C44, C55, and C66, are one half of those of the tetragonal crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kitajima
- Citizen Holdings Company, Ltd, 840, Shimotomi, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8511, Japan
| | - S Tsukashima
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - D Fujii
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - M Tachibana
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - H Koizumi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Wako
- Department of Education, Yokohama Soei University, 1 Miho-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-0015, Japan
| | - K Kojima
- Department of Education, Yokohama Soei University, 1 Miho-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-0015, Japan
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Arumugam TU, Ito D, Takashima E, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Torii M, Tsuboi T. Application of wheat germ cell-free protein expression system for novel malaria vaccine candidate discovery. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 13:75-85. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.861747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tanaka A, Ohori M, Paul L, Yu C, Kattan MW, Ohno Y, Tachibana M. External Validation of Preoperative Nomograms Predicting Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2013; 43:1255-1260. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyt154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Machitani M, Sakurai F, Katayama K, Tachibana M, Suzuki T, Matsui H, Yamaguchi T, Mizuguchi H. Improving adenovirus vector-mediated RNAi efficiency by lacking the expression of virus-associated RNAs. Virus Res 2013; 178:357-63. [PMID: 24055658 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was competitively inhibited by the expression of adenovirus (Ad)-encoded small RNAs (VA-RNAs), which are expressed from a replication-incompetent Ad vector, as well as a wild-type Ad; however, it remained to be clarified whether an shRNA-expressing Ad vector-mediated knockdown was inhibited by VA-RNAs transcribed from the same Ad vector genome. In this study, we demonstrated that a lack of VA-RNA expression from the Ad vector leads to an increase in knockdown efficiencies of Ad vector-mediated RNAi. In the cells transduced with a first-generation Ad vector (FG-Ad) expressing shRNA (FG-Ad-shRNA), the copy numbers of shRNA and VA-RNAs incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) was comparable. In contrast, higher amounts of shRNA were found in the RISC when the cells were transduced with an shRNA-expressing helper-dependent Ad (HD-Ad) vector, in which all viral genes, including VA-RNAs, were deleted (HD-Ad-shRNA), compared with FG-Ad-shRNA. HD-Ad vectors expressing shRNA against luciferase and p53 showed 7.4% and 37.3% increases in the knockdown efficiencies compared to the corresponding FG-Ad-shRNA, respectively, following in vitro transduction. Furthermore, higher levels of knockdown efficiencies were also found by the transduction with shRNA-expressing Ad vectors lacking VA-RNA expression (AdΔVR-shRNA) than by transduction with FG-Ad-shRNA. These results indicate that VA-RNAs expressed from an Ad vector inhibit knockdown by the shRNA-expressing Ad vector and that HD-Ad-shRNA and AdΔVR-shRNA are a powerful framework for shRNA-mediated knockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Machitani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Shinzawa N, Ishino T, Tachibana M, Tsuboi T, Torii M. Phenotypic dissection of a Plasmodium-refractory strain of malaria vector Anopheles stephensi: the reduced susceptibility to P. berghei and P. yoelii. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63753. [PMID: 23717475 PMCID: PMC3662785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anopheline mosquitoes are the major vectors of human malaria. Parasite-mosquito interactions are a critical aspect of disease transmission and a potential target for malaria control. Current investigations into parasite-mosquito interactions frequently assume that genetically resistant and susceptible mosquitoes exist in nature. Therefore, comparisons between the Plasmodium susceptibility profiles of different mosquito species may contribute to a better understanding of vectorial capacity. Anopheles stephensi is an important malaria vector in central and southern Asia and is widely used as a laboratory model of parasite transmission due to its high susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. In the present study, we identified a rodent malaria-refractory strain of A. stephensi mysorensis (Ehime) by comparative study of infection susceptibility. A very low number of oocysts develop in Ehime mosquitoes infected with P. berghei and P. yoelii, as determined by evaluation of developed oocysts on the basal lamina. A stage-specific study revealed that this reduced susceptibility was due to the impaired formation of ookinetes of both Plasmodium species in the midgut lumen and incomplete crossing of the midgut epithelium. There were no apparent abnormalities in the exflagellation of male parasites in the ingested blood or the maturation of oocysts after the rounding up of the ookinetes. Overall, these results suggest that invasive-stage parasites are eliminated in both the midgut lumen and epithelium in Ehime mosquitoes by strain-specific factors that remain unknown. The refractory strain newly identified in this report would be an excellent study system for investigations into novel parasite-mosquito interactions in the mosquito midgut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Shinzawa
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
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42
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Kangwanrangsan N, Tachibana M, Jenwithisuk R, Tsuboi T, Riengrojpitak S, Torii M, Ishino T. A member of the CPW-WPC protein family is expressed in and localized to the surface of developing ookinetes. Malar J 2013; 12:129. [PMID: 23587146 PMCID: PMC3637178 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the development of malaria control programs, billions of people are still at risk for this infectious disease. Recently, the idea of the transmission-blocking vaccine, which works by interrupting the infection of mosquitoes by parasites, has gained attention as a promising strategy for malaria control and eradication. To date, a limited number of surface proteins have been identified in mosquito-stage parasites and investigated as potential targets for transmission-blocking vaccines. Therefore, for the development of effective transmission-blocking strategies in epidemic areas, it is necessary to identify novel zygote/ookinete surface proteins as candidate antigens. Methods Since the expression of many zygote/ookinete proteins is regulated post-transcriptionally, proteins that are regulated by well-known translational mediators were focused. Through in silico screening, CPW-WPC family proteins were selected as potential zygote/ookinete surface proteins. All experiments were performed in the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium yoelii XNL. mRNA and protein expression profiles were examined by RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively, over the course of the life cycle of the malaria parasite. Protein function was also investigated by the generation of gene-disrupted transgenic parasites. Results The CPW-WPC protein family, named after the unique WxC repeat domains, is highly conserved among Plasmodium species. It is revealed that CPW-WPC mRNA transcripts are transcribed in gametocytes, while CPW-WPC proteins are expressed in zygote/ookinete-stage parasites. Localization analysis reveals that one of the CPW-WPC family members, designated as PyCPW-WPC-1, is a novel zygote/ookinete stage-specific surface protein. Targeted disruption of the pycpw-wpc-1 gene caused no obvious defects during ookinete and oocyst formation, suggesting that PyCPW-WPC-1 is not essential for mosquito-stage parasite development. Conclusions It is demonstrated that PyCPW-WPC-1 can be classified as a novel, post-transcriptionally regulated zygote/ookinete surface protein. Additional studies are required to determine whether all CPW-WPC family members are also present on the ookinete surface and share similar biological roles during mosquito-stage parasite development. Further investigations of CPW-WPC family proteins may facilitate understanding of parasite biology in the mosquito stage and development of transmission-blocking vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Koizumi H, Uda S, Fujiwara K, Tachibana M, Kojima K, Nozawa J. Improvement of crystal quality for tetragonal hen egg white lysozyme crystals under application of an external alternating current electric field. J Appl Crystallogr 2013. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889812048716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray diffraction rocking-curve measurements were performed on tetragonal hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) crystals grown with and without application of an external alternating current (AC) electric field, and then the crystal quality was assessed by the FWHMs of each rocking-curve profile. The FWHMs for HEWL crystals grown with an external electric field were smaller than those for crystals grown without. In particular, the average FWHM for the 12 12 0 reflection with an external electric field (0.0034°) was significantly smaller than that without (0.0061°). This indicates that the crystal quality of HEWL crystals was improved by application of the external AC electric field. This crystallization technique can be expected to enhance the resolution of protein molecule structure analysis by X-ray diffraction.
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44
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Tachibana M, Hara Y, Vyas D, Hodgkinson C, Fex J, Grundfast K, Arnheiter H. Cochlear disorder associated with melanocyte anomaly in mice with a transgenic insertional mutation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2012; 3:433-45. [PMID: 19912887 DOI: 10.1016/1044-7431(92)90055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/1992] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have generated eight lines of transgenic mice containing mouse vasopressin-beta-galactosidase fusion constructs. One of these lines, VGA-9, harbors approximately 50 transgene copies at a single chromosomal site. When bred to transgene homozygosity, mice of this line showed a complete loss of skin pigmentation, microphthalmia, and cochlear abnormalities. The vascular stria of the cochlea was thin and deficient in melanin pigment which is normally produced by presumably neural crest-derived melanocytes. The marginal cells of the stria were thin and lacked basal infoldings. Degeneration of outer hair cells was also observed in homozygous mice, but this alteration may be secondary to the strial abnormalities. In contrast to homozygous VGA-9 mice, heterozygous VGA-9 mice were pigmented and appeared to have no anatomical alterations in either eye or cochlea. Since the integrated transgene provides a marker for cloning an endogenous gene necessary for normal pigmentation and proper development of the inner ear, the transgenic line VGA-9 may become valuable for the study of the molecular genetics of inner ear disorders associated with pigment abnormalities in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tachibana
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Tachibana M, Amato P, Sparman M, Battaglia D, Patton P, Mitalipov S. Effect of mitochondrial gene replacement in human oocytes on fertilization and embryo development. Fertil Steril 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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46
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Gondo T, Yoshioka K, Nakagami Y, Okubo H, Hashimoto T, Satake N, Ozu C, Horiguchi Y, Namiki K, Tachibana M. Robotic Versus Open Radical Cystectomy: Prospective Comparison of Perioperative and Pathologic Outcomes in Japan. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012; 42:625-31. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hys062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Sungkapong T, Culleton R, Yahata K, Tachibana M, Ruengveerayuth R, Udomsangpetch R, Torii M, Tsuboi T, Sattabongkot J, Kaneko O, Chotivanich K. Humoral immune responses to Plasmodium vivax subtelomeric transmembrane proteins in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2011; 42:1313-1321. [PMID: 22299398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax subtelomeric transmembrane protein (PvSTP) is a homolog of P. falciparum SURFIN4.2', a protein exposed on the parasite-infected erythrocyte (iE) surface, and is thus considered to be exposed on P. vivax-iE. Because antibodies targeting antigens located on the surface of P. falciparum-iE, such as P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1, play an important role in regulating the course of disease, we evaluated the presence of antibodies in P. vivax-infected patients against two PvSTP paralogs, PvSTP1 and PvSTP2. Recombinant proteins corresponding to cysteine-rich domain (CRD) of the PvSTP extracellular region and the cytoplasmic region (CYT) were generated and used for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma samples (n = 70) reacted positively with recombinant PvSTP1-CRD (40%), PvSTP1-CYT (31%), PvSTP2-CRD (27%), and PvSTP2-CYT (56%), suggesting that PvSTP1 and -2 are naturally immunogenic. Specific response against either PvSTP1 or PvSTP2 indicates the existence of specific antibodies for either PvSTP1 or -2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tippawan Sungkapong
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nakajima T, Tsukamoto T, Hamabe Y, Tanaka K, Toyokawa A, Tsumura H, Mukai H, Tachibana M, Teramura K. [A case of accessory papilla of duodenum causing intestinal bleeding]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2011; 108:1720-1725. [PMID: 21971146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of melena. An emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopic study revealed arterial bleeding from a duodenal submucosal tumor, 1.5cm in diameter and about 2cm in an oral direction from the papilla of Vater. Because it was not possible to stop the bleeding, an emergency resection of the tumor was performed. Macroscopically, the ulcerated tumor was approximately 1.5cm in diameter. Histopathologically, the tumor was determined to be located in the accessory papilla of the duodenum. We report here a rare case of bleeding from the accessory duodenal papilla and discuss the literature.
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Miyata T, Harakuni T, Sugawa H, Sattabongkot J, Kato A, Tachibana M, Torii M, Tsuboi T, Arakawa T. Erratum to “Adenovirus-vectored Plasmodium vivax ookinete surface protein, Pvs25, as a potential transmission-blocking vaccine” by Miyata et al. [Vaccine 29 (15) (2011) 2720–2726]. Vaccine 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matsui S, Kibi M, Anami E, Anami T, Inagaki Y, Kanouda A, Yoshinaga H, Watanabe A, Sugahara A, Mukai H, Toyokawa A, Iwasaki T, Tachibana M, Teramura K. [A case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome with multiple colon adenomas and early colon cancers]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2011; 108:778-786. [PMID: 21558745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old man presented with diarrhea and weight loss. Colonoscopy revealed multiple reddish polypoid lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract and was diagnosed as Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS). Prednisolone therapy caused regression of polyps. Some of them were suspected to be early colon cancers and adenomas. We endoscopically performed mucosal resection for 15 polyps after prednisolone therapy. Histological examination of one of polyps showed invasion of the submucosal layer and colon resection was performed. This case suggests that diagnosis and treatment are important in polyps of CCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Matsui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yodogawa Christian Hospital.
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