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Abdelrahman M, Alharbi K, El-Denary ME, Abd El-Megeed T, Naeem ES, Monir S, Al-Shaye NA, Ammar MH, Attia K, Dora SA, Draz ASE. Detection of Superior Rice Genotypes and Yield Stability under Different Nitrogen Levels Using AMMI Model and Stability Statistics. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2775. [PMID: 36297799 PMCID: PMC9611647 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture is a prerequisite for food and environmental security. Chemical fertilization, especially nitrogenous fertilization, is considered the most consumed for field crops. In rice crops, plants consume much less than half of the applied N-fertilizer. In the current investigation, multiple N environments were generated by applying different N doses of urea fertilizer to a permanent transplanted field for two successive summer growing seasons at the rice research and training center, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. A set of 55 genotypes consisting of 25 Jabonica, 4 Tropical Japonica, 20 Indica, and 6 Indica/Japonica were transplanted under no N (0N), Low N (LN), medium N (MN), and High N (HN) (i.e., 0, 48, 96, and 165 Kg N ha-1, respectively). Highly significant differences were detected among the tested genotypes. AMMI analysis of variance revealed the existence of the genotype via nitrogen interaction (GNI) on yield performance. The GNI principal components (IPCA); IPCA1 and IPCA2 scores were significant and contributed values of 71.1 and 21.7%, respectively. The highest-ranked genotypes were MTU1010, IR22, SK2046, SK2058, IR66, and Yabani LuLu based on their grain yield means (30.7, 29.9, 29.5, 29.3, 28.8, and 28.5 g plant-1). These genotypes were grouped into the same subcluster (SCL) according to the stability analysis ranking matrix. Based on AMMI analysis and biplots, MTU1010 and Yabani LuLu showed yield stability across environments. Meanwhile, the which-won-where biplot showed that IR22 was superior under unfavorable N-levels and MTU1010 was stable across the different environments. These findings are considered to be of great importance to breeders for initiating low-nitrogen-input breeding programs for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Medhat E. El-Denary
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Taher Abd El-Megeed
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Naeem
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Samah Monir
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Najla A. Al-Shaye
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megahed H. Ammar
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Kotb Attia
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said A. Dora
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33716, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Salam E. Draz
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
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Abdelrahman M, Selim ME, ElSayed MA, Ammar MH, Hussein FA, ElKholy NK, ElShamey EA, Khan N, Attia KA. Developing Novel Rice Genotypes Harboring Specific QTL Alleles Associated with High Grain Yield under Water Shortage Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2219. [PMID: 34686028 PMCID: PMC8538742 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Rice is considered a strategic crop for many countries around the world, being the main cash crop for farmers. Water shortage stress occurrence as a result of climate change is among the main threats challenging rice breeders in the last few decades. In the current study, 19 Fn-lines were developed from four populations by crossing a reverse thermo-responsive genic male sterile (rTGMS) line, M.J.5460S, with the three high-quality Egyptian commercial cultivars Giza177, Sakha105, Sakha106 and the promising line GZ7768 as male parents. These newly developed lines, along with their parents, and two water shortage stress-tolerant international genotypes (Azucena and IRAT170), were cultivated under water-shortage stress conditions and compared with their performance under well-watered conditions. Results indicated that the yielding ability of the 19 newly developed lines exceeded those for the two Egyptian parents (Giza177 and Sakha105) under well-watered conditions. The lines M.J5460S/GIZA177-3 and M.J5460S/GIZA177-12 were the best performing genotypes under water shortage stress conditions. The genetic and heritability in broad sense estimates indicated that direct selection for grain yield (GY) under water-shortage stress is highly effective in the current study. Molecular marker analysis revealed that M.J5460S/GIZA177-3 had accumulated the quantitative trait loci (QTL)s, on the chromosomes 2, 3, and 9, which contribute to GY under water-shortage stress from their high yielding tolerant ancestor, M.J5460S. It could be concluded that those lines are high yielding under both well-watered and water-stress conditions harboring several QTLs for yield enhancement under both conditions and that the markers RM555, RM14551, RM3199, RM257, RM242, and RM410 are among the markers that could be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs for such stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Mahmoud E. Selim
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Mahmoud A. ElSayed
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Megahed H. Ammar
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Fatma A. Hussein
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Neama K. ElKholy
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Essam A. ElShamey
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt; (M.A.); (M.E.S.); (M.A.E.); (M.H.A.); (F.A.H.); (N.K.E.)
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida University, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Kotb A. Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi SS, Khan MA, Ammar MH, Sun Q, Huang L, Migdadi HM, El-Harty EH, Al-Faifi SA. Characterization of drought stress-responsive root transcriptome of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) using RNA sequencing. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:502. [PMID: 30498675 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are the major factors that limit the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the water stress differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through the root transcriptome analyses of the drought-tolerant Hassawi 2 genotype at vegetative and flowering stages. A total of 624.8 M high-quality Illumina reads were generated and assembled into 198,155 all-unigenes with a mean length of 738 bp and an N50 length of 1347 bp. Among all-unigenes, 78,262 were assigned to non-redundant (Nr), 66,254 to nucleotide (Nt), 54,034 to KEGG, and 43,913 to gene ontology (GO) annotations. A total of 36,834 and 35,510 unigenes were differentially expressed at the vegetative and flowering stages of Hassawi 2 under drought stress, respectively. The majority of unigenes were down-regulated at both developmental stages. However, the number of genes up-regulated (15,366) at the flowering stage exceeded the number of those up-regulated (14,097) at the vegetative stage, and the number of genes down-regulated (20,144) at the flowering stage was smaller than the number of those down-regulated (22,737) at the vegetative stage. The drought stress-responsive differentially expressed unigenes coded for various regulatory proteins, including protein kinases and phosphatases, transcription factors and plant hormones and functional proteins including enzymes for osmoprotectant, detoxification and transporters were differentially expressed, most of which were largely up-regulated. Moreover, a substantial proportion of the DEGs identified in this study were novel, most exhibited a significant change in their expression levels under water stress, making them an unexploited resource that might control specific responses to drought stress in the faba bean. Finally, qRT-PCR results were found almost consistent with the results of next-generation sequencing. Our data will help in understanding the drought tolerance mechanisms in plants and will provide resources for functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salem S Alghamdi
- 1Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A Khan
- 1Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megahed H Ammar
- Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, KafrEl-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Qiwei Sun
- 3International Bioinformatics Center, BGI Genomics, Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Lihua Huang
- 3International Bioinformatics Center, BGI Genomics, Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- 1Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab H El-Harty
- 1Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulieman A Al-Faifi
- 1Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi SS, Khan MA, El-Harty EH, Ammar MH, Farooq M, Migdadi HM. Comparative phytochemical profiling of different soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr) genotypes using GC-MS. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:15-21. [PMID: 29379350 PMCID: PMC5775105 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the proximate, phenolic and flavonoids contents and phytochemicals present in seeds of twenty four soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr) genotypes to explore their nutritional and medicinal values. Crude protein composition ranged between 35.63 and 43.13% in Argentinian and USA (Clark) genotypes, respectively. Total phenolic content varied from 1.15 to 1.77 mg GAE/g, whereas flavonoids varied from 0.68 to 2.13 mg QE/g. The GC-MS analysis resulted identification of 88 compounds categorized into aldehydes (5), ketones (13), alcohols (5), carboxylic acids (7), esters (13), alkanes (2), heterocyclic compounds (19), phenolic compound (9), sugar moiety (7) ether (4) and amide (3), one Alkene and one fatty acid ester. Indonesian genotypes (Ijen and Indo-1) had the highest phenolic compounds than others genotype having antioxidant activities, while the Australian genotype contains the maximum in esters compounds. The major phytocompounds identified in majority of genotypes were Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 3,5-Dimethoxyacetophenone, 1,2-cyclopentanedione and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester. The presence of phytochemicals with strong pharmacological actions like antimicrobial and antioxidants activities could be considered as sources of quality raw materials for food and pharmaceutical industries. This study further set a platform for isolating and understanding the characteristics of each compound for it pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salem S. Alghamdi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A. Khan
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab H. El-Harty
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megahed H. Ammar
- Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha 33717, KafrEl-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Hussein M. Migdadi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ammar MH, Khan AM, Migdadi HM, Abdelkhalek SM, Alghamdi SS. Faba bean drought responsive gene identification and validation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:80-89. [PMID: 28053575 PMCID: PMC5199002 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify drought-responsive genes in a drought tolerant faba bean variety (Hassawi 2) using a suppressive subtraction hybridization approach (SSH). A total of 913 differentially expressed clones were sequenced from a differential cDNA library that resulted in a total of 225 differentially expressed ESTs. The genes of mitochondrial and chloroplast origin were removed, and the remaining 137 EST sequences were submitted to the gene bank EST database (LIBEST_028448). A sequence analysis identified 35 potentially drought stress-related ESTs that regulate ion channels, kinases, and energy production and utilization and transcription factors. Quantitative PCR on Hassawi 2 genotype confirmed that more than 65% of selected drought-responsive genes were drought-related. Among these induced genes, the expression levels of eight highly up-regulated unigenes were further analyzed across 38 selected faba bean genotypes that differ in their drought tolerance levels. These unigenes included ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) gene, non-LTR retroelement reverse related, probable cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel, polyubiquitin, potassium channel, calcium-dependent protein kinase and putative respiratory burst oxidase-like protein C and a novel unigene. The expression patterns of these unigenes were variable across 38 genotypes however, it was found to be very high in tolerant genotype. The up-regulation of these unigenes in majority of tolerant genotypes suggests their possible role in drought tolerance. The identification of possible drought responsive candidate genes in Vicia faba reported here is an important step toward the development of drought-tolerant genotypes that can cope with arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megahed H Ammar
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, 33717 KafrEl-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Altaf M Khan
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah M Abdelkhalek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, 33717 KafrEl-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Salem S Alghamdi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Expressed sequence tags (EST) were generated from a normalized cDNA library of the date palm Sukkari cv. to understand the high-quality and better field performance of this well-known commercial cultivar. A total of 6943 high-quality ESTs were generated, out of them 6671 are submitted to the GenBank dbEST (LIBEST_028537). The generated ESTs were assembled into 6362 unigenes, consisting of 494 (14.4%) contigs and 5868 (84.53%) singletons. The functional annotation shows that the majority of the ESTs are associated with binding (44%), catalytic (40%), transporter (5%), and structural molecular (5%) activities. The blastx results show that 73% of unigenes are significantly similar to known plant genes and 27% are novel. The latter could be of particular interest in date palm genetic studies. Further analysis shows that some ESTs are categorized as stress/defense- and fruit development-related genes. These newly generated ESTs could significantly enhance date palm EST databases in the public domain and are available to scientists and researchers across the globe. This knowledge will facilitate the discovery of candidate genes that govern important developmental and agronomical traits in date palm. It will provide important resources for developing genetic tools, comparative genomics, and genome evolution among date palm cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulieman A Al-Faifi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salem S Algamdi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Altaf Khan
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid S Al-Obeed
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megahed H Ammar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jerenj Jakse
- Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abdelkhalik SM, Salem AKM, Abdelaziz AR, Ammar MH. Corrigendum Morphological and sequence-related amplified polymorphism-based molecular diversity of local and exotic wheat genotypes - Genet. Mol. Res. 15 (2): gmr.15027484. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7484_corrigendum. [PMID: 27323047 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027484_corrigendum] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The correction is only in the name of the species studied and should be Triticum aestivum, instead of Triticum sativum.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Abdelkhalik
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A K M Salem
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A R Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Ammar
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Faifi SA, Migdadi HM, Algamdi SS, Khan MA, Ammar MH, Al-Obeed RS, Al-Thamra MI, EL-Harty EH, Jakse J. Development, characterization and use of genomic SSR markers for assessment of genetic diversity in some Saudi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Abdelkhalik SM, Salem AKM, Abdelaziz AR, Ammar MH. Morphological and sequence-related amplified polymorphism-based molecular diversity of local and exotic wheat genotypes. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7484. [PMID: 27173279 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Assessing genetic diversity is a prerequisite for the genetic improvement of wheat. Molecular markers offer accurate and reproducible means for assessing genetic diversity. Field performance and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP)-based assessment of molecular diversity was carried out on a set of 10 local and introduced bread wheat (Triticum sativum L.) genotypes grown in the middle arid region of Saudi Arabia. The results revealed highly significant differences among the studied phenological traits and revealed a significant amount of genetic diversity across the tested genotypes. The overall performance revealed the superiority of KSU 102 in terms of yield and its components, with a yield potential of 8.7 tons/ha. Highly significant and positive correlations were observed among grain yield and biological yield, and also, spike length and spike weight. Thirteen SRAP primer combinations successfully amplified 954 fragments. The total number of genetic loci analyzed was 312. The overall polymorphism ratio was 99.67%, ranging from 98 to 100%. The polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.67 for ME11 x EM5 to 0.97 for ME9 x EM4 and ME11 x EM6, respectively. The wheat genotypes were clustered based on their genetic constitution and origin. The results demonstrate the power of SRAP primers for detecting molecular diversity and for varietal discrimination. The results show that high levels of genetic diversity exist, and suggest the potential of the tested materials for wheat crop improvement in the arid central region of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Abdelkhalik
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A K M Salem
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A R Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Ammar
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Six different colchicine concentrations: 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 ppm, in combination with four soaking time treatments (1, 2, 3, and 4 h), were selected to assess the effects on germination, vegetative growth, and flower yield components in calendula plants. The molecular diversity among the treatments was assessed using ten SRAP marker combinations. Seed soaking in colchicine significantly enhanced both the fresh and the dry shoot and root masses, flowering date, number of flowers per plant, and flower diameter. At 1200-ppm colchicine combined with a 4-h soaking time, a superior effect on seed germination was observed, whereas 800 ppm for 4 h produced the highest number of flowers and the largest flower diameter. The earliest flowering time was found at 800 ppm combined with a short soaking time (1 h), while the 4-h soaking time with 800 ppm, is recommended for growing calendula outdoors, since it enhances flower development. At the molecular level, 752 fragments were successfully amplified using the SRAP primers, with 280 genetic loci found throughout the calendula genome. The polymorphism percentage ranged from 79 to 100% and the polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged between 0.85 and 0.97. The high number of detected loci and PIC values suggests a great power of SRAP markers in detecting mutant molecular diversity. Our results clearly show the existence of genetic variation among colchicine treated calendula plants and the clustering of the studied mutants was concordant with the colchicine concentration used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I El-Nashar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, King Saudi Arabia.,Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Department, Horticultural Research Institute, Al-Montaza Garden, Giza, Egypt
| | - M H Ammar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, King Saudi Arabia.,Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Ammar MH, Alghamdi SS, Migdadi HM, Khan MA, El-Harty EH, Al-Faifi SA. Assessment of genetic diversity among faba bean genotypes using agro-morphological and molecular markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 22:340-50. [PMID: 25972757 PMCID: PMC4423714 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes were evaluated for their agro-morphological performance and molecular diversity under Central Region of Saudi Arabia conditions during 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons. Field performance results showed that faba genotypes exhibited a significant amount of variation for their agro-morphological studied parameters. Giza40 recorded the tallest genotype (139.5 cm), highest number of seeds per plants (100.8), and the highest seed yield per plant (70.8 g). The best performing genotypes were Giza40, FLIP03-014FB, Gazira1 and Goff1. Genetic variability among genotypes was determined using Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 183 amplified fragments (alleles) and 1758 polymorphic fragments (bands) in SRAP and 202 alleles and 716 bands in AFLP were obtained using six SRAP and four AFLP primer combinations respectively. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values for AFLP and SRAP markers were higher than 0.8, indicating the existence of a considerable amount of genetic diversity among faba tested genotypes. The UPGMA based clustering of faba genotypes was largely based on origin and/or genetic background. Result of cluster analysis based on SRAP showed weak and not significant correlation while, it was highly significant based on AFLP analysis with agro-morphological characters (r = 0.01, p > 0.54 and r = 0.26, p < 0.004 respectively). Combined SRAP and AFLP markers proved to be significantly useful for genetic diversity assessment at molecular level. They exhibited high discrimination power, and were able to distinguish the faba bean genotypes with high efficiency and accuracy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megahed H Ammar
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem S Alghamdi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A Khan
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab H El-Harty
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulieman A Al-Faifi
- Legume Research Group, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ammar MH, Zandi A, Ebel H, Bigdeli H, Roosta-Azad M, Kamler M. Two dimensional intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows length-calculation of neo-chordae for mitral valve repair. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3844692 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-o270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Attia KA, Abdelkhalik AF, Ammar MH, Wei C, Yang J, Lightfoot DA, El-Sayed WM, El-Shemy HA. Antisense phenotypes reveal a functional expression of OsARF1, an auxin response factor, in transgenic rice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2009; 11 Suppl 1:i29-i34. [PMID: 19193962 DOI: 10.21775/9781912530069.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OsARF1 is the first full-length member of auxin response factor (ARF) gene family to be cloned from monocot plant. Using quantitative RT-PCR this study found that, the transcript abundance of OsARF1 was significantly higher in embryonic tissues than in vegetative tissues. To investigate the effect of OsARF1 on the phenotype of rice, a cDNA fragment of OsARF1 was inserted in inverse orientation to the 35S promoter in vector pBin438 to produce an antisense (AS) construction. The AS-OsARF1 construct was transferred into rice (Oryza sativa L. japonica) calli via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Molecular analysis of transgenic plants showed that the functional expression of OsARF1 was inhibited at mRNA level efficiently. The AS-OsARF1 plants showed extremely low growth, poor vigor, short curled leaves and tillered but were sterile. Therefore, the OsARF1 was shown to be essential for growth in vegetative organs and seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotb A Attia
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr EL-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
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