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Hettel W, Golba G, Morrill D, Carlson D, Chang P, Wu TH, Diddams S, Kapteyn H, Murnane M, Hemmer M. Compact, ultrastable, high repetition-rate 2 μm and 3 μm fiber laser for seeding mid-IR OPCPA. Opt Express 2024; 32:4072-4080. [PMID: 38297615 DOI: 10.1364/oe.508127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We report a compact and reliable ultrafast fiber laser system optimized for seeding a high energy, 2 μm pumped, 3 μm wavelength optical parametric chirped pulse amplification to drive soft X-ray high harmonics. The system delivers 100 MHz narrowband 2 μm pulses with >1 nJ energy, synchronized with ultra-broadband optical pulses with a ∼1 μm FWHM spectrum centered at 3 μm with 39 pJ pulse energy. The 2 μm and 3 μm pulses are derived from a single 1.5 μm fiber oscillator, fully fiber integrated with free-space downconversion for the 3 μm. The system operates hands-off with power instabilities <0.2% over extended periods of time.
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2
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Siddiqui KM, Durham DB, Cropp F, Ji F, Paiagua S, Ophus C, Andresen NC, Jin L, Wu J, Wang S, Zhang X, You W, Murnane M, Centurion M, Wang X, Slaughter DS, Kaindl RA, Musumeci P, Minor AM, Filippetto D. Relativistic ultrafast electron diffraction at high repetition rates. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:064302. [PMID: 38058995 PMCID: PMC10697722 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to resolve the dynamics of matter on its native temporal and spatial scales constitutes a key challenge and convergent theme across chemistry, biology, and materials science. The last couple of decades have witnessed ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) emerge as one of the forefront techniques with the sensitivity to resolve atomic motions. Increasingly sophisticated UED instruments are being developed that are aimed at increasing the beam brightness in order to observe structural signatures, but so far they have been limited to low average current beams. Here, we present the technical design and capabilities of the HiRES (High Repetition-rate Electron Scattering) instrument, which blends relativistic electrons and high repetition rates to achieve orders of magnitude improvement in average beam current compared to the existing state-of-the-art instruments. The setup utilizes a novel electron source to deliver femtosecond duration electron pulses at up to MHz repetition rates for UED experiments. Instrument response function of sub-500 fs is demonstrated with < 100 fs time resolution targeted in future. We provide example cases of diffraction measurements on solid-state and gas-phase samples, including both micro- and nanodiffraction (featuring 100 nm beam size) modes, which showcase the potential of the instrument for novel UED experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Siddiqui
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - F. Ji
- Accelerator Technology and Applied Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Paiagua
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C. Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N. C. Andresen
- Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L. Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J. Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X. Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W. You
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M. Murnane
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M. Centurion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - D. S. Slaughter
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - P. Musumeci
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | - D. Filippetto
- Accelerator Technology and Applied Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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3
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McEvoy A, Corbett GA, Nolan C, Daly R, Murnane M, Higgins S, Malone FD, O'Connell MP, Hehir MP, Walsh JM. Outcomes of Uterine Rupture in the Setting of the Unscarred Compared With the Scarred Uterus. Obstet Gynecol 2023; 141:854-856. [PMID: 36897156 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Uterine rupture is a rare obstetric complication that is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine uterine rupture and its outcomes in the setting of the unscarred compared with the scarred uterus. A retrospective observational cohort study was performed examining all cases of uterine rupture in three tertiary care hospitals in Dublin, Ireland, over a 20-year period. The primary outcome was perinatal mortality rate with uterine rupture, which was 11.02% (95% CI 6.5-17.3). There was no significant difference in perinatal mortality between cases of scarred and unscarred uterine rupture. Unscarred uterine rupture was associated with higher maternal morbidity , defined as major obstetric hemorrhage or hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife McEvoy
- National Maternity Hospital, the Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, the Rotunda Hospital, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, and the University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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4
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Lloyd-Hughes J, Oppeneer PM, Pereira Dos Santos T, Schleife A, Meng S, Sentef MA, Ruggenthaler M, Rubio A, Radu I, Murnane M, Shi X, Kapteyn H, Stadtmüller B, Dani KM, da Jornada FH, Prinz E, Aeschlimann M, Milot RL, Burdanova M, Boland J, Cocker T, Hegmann F. The 2021 ultrafast spectroscopic probes of condensed matter roadmap. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:353001. [PMID: 33951618 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abfe21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the 60 years since the invention of the laser, the scientific community has developed numerous fields of research based on these bright, coherent light sources, including the areas of imaging, spectroscopy, materials processing and communications. Ultrafast spectroscopy and imaging techniques are at the forefront of research into the light-matter interaction at the shortest times accessible to experiments, ranging from a few attoseconds to nanoseconds. Light pulses provide a crucial probe of the dynamical motion of charges, spins, and atoms on picosecond, femtosecond, and down to attosecond timescales, none of which are accessible even with the fastest electronic devices. Furthermore, strong light pulses can drive materials into unusual phases, with exotic properties. In this roadmap we describe the current state-of-the-art in experimental and theoretical studies of condensed matter using ultrafast probes. In each contribution, the authors also use their extensive knowledge to highlight challenges and predict future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lloyd-Hughes
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P M Oppeneer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, PO Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T Pereira Dos Santos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - A Schleife
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - S Meng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - M A Sentef
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Ruggenthaler
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, United States of America
| | - I Radu
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
- Max Born Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Murnane
- JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - X Shi
- JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - H Kapteyn
- JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - B Stadtmüller
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - K M Dani
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Japan
| | - F H da Jornada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, United States of America
| | - E Prinz
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - M Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R L Milot
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M Burdanova
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - J Boland
- Photon Science Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Cocker
- Michigan State University, United States of America
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5
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Sherbenou DW, Su Y, Behrens CR, Aftab BT, Perez de Acha O, Murnane M, Bearrows SC, Hann BC, Wolf JL, Martin TG, Liu B. Potent Activity of an Anti-ICAM1 Antibody-Drug Conjugate against Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:6028-6038. [PMID: 32917735 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE New therapies have changed the outlook for patients with multiple myeloma, but novel agents are needed for patients who are refractory or relapsed on currently approved drug classes. Novel targets other than CD38 and BCMA are needed for new immunotherapy development, as resistance to daratumumab and emerging anti-BCMA approaches appears inevitable. One potential target of interest in myeloma is ICAM1. Naked anti-ICAM1 antibodies were active in preclinical models of myeloma and safe in patients, but showed limited clinical efficacy. Here, we sought to achieve improved targeting of multiple myeloma with an anti-ICAM1 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Our anti-ICAM1 human mAb was conjugated to an auristatin derivative, and tested against multiple myeloma cell lines in vitro, orthotopic xenografts in vivo, and patient samples ex vivo. The expression of ICAM1 was also measured by quantitative flow cytometry in patients spanning from diagnosis to the daratumumab-refractory state. RESULTS The anti-ICAM1 ADC displayed potent anti-myeloma cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we have verified that ICAM1 is highly expressed on myeloma cells and shown that its expression is further accentuated by the presence of bone marrow microenvironmental factors. In primary samples, ICAM1 is differentially overexpressed on multiple myeloma cells compared with normal cells, including daratumumab-refractory patients with decreased CD38. In addition, ICAM1-ADC showed selective cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma primary samples. CONCLUSIONS We propose that anti-ICAM1 ADC should be further studied for toxicity, and if safe, tested for clinical efficacy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Sherbenou
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California at San Francisco, California
| | | | - Blake T Aftab
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California.,UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Olivia Perez de Acha
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Megan Murnane
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California
| | - Shelby C Bearrows
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Byron C Hann
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Jeffery L Wolf
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California at San Francisco, California. .,UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
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Bencivenga F, Mincigrucci R, Capotondi F, Foglia L, Naumenko D, Maznev AA, Pedersoli E, Simoncig A, Caporaletti F, Chiloyan V, Cucini R, Dallari F, Duncan RA, Frazer TD, Gaio G, Gessini A, Giannessi L, Huberman S, Kapteyn H, Knobloch J, Kurdi G, Mahne N, Manfredda M, Martinelli A, Murnane M, Principi E, Raimondi L, Spampinati S, Spezzani C, Trovò M, Zangrando M, Chen G, Monaco G, Nelson KA, Masciovecchio C. Nanoscale transient gratings excited and probed by extreme ultraviolet femtosecond pulses. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw5805. [PMID: 31360768 PMCID: PMC6660206 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Advances in developing ultrafast coherent sources operating at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray wavelengths allow the extension of nonlinear optical techniques to shorter wavelengths. Here, we describe EUV transient grating spectroscopy, in which two crossed femtosecond EUV pulses produce spatially periodic nanoscale excitations in the sample and their dynamics is probed via diffraction of a third time-delayed EUV pulse. The use of radiation with wavelengths down to 13.3 nm allowed us to produce transient gratings with periods as short as 28 nm and observe thermal and coherent phonon dynamics in crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon nitride. This approach allows measurements of thermal transport on the ~10-nm scale, where the two samples show different heat transport regimes, and can be applied to study other phenomena showing nontrivial behaviors at the nanoscale, such as structural relaxations in complex liquids and ultrafast magnetic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bencivenga
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - R. Mincigrucci
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Capotondi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Foglia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - D. Naumenko
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. A. Maznev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - E. Pedersoli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Simoncig
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Caporaletti
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - V. Chiloyan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - R. Cucini
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Dallari
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - R. A. Duncan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - T. D. Frazer
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - G. Gaio
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Gessini
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Giannessi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - S. Huberman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - H. Kapteyn
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - J. Knobloch
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - G. Kurdi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - N. Mahne
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Manfredda
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Martinelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - M. Murnane
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - E. Principi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Raimondi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - S. Spampinati
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - C. Spezzani
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Trovò
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Zangrando
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - G. Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - G. Monaco
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - K. A. Nelson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C. Masciovecchio
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
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7
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Esashi Y, Liao CT, Wang B, Brooks N, Dorney KM, Hernández-García C, Kapteyn H, Adams D, Murnane M. Ptychographic amplitude and phase reconstruction of bichromatic vortex beams. Opt Express 2018; 26:34007-34015. [PMID: 30650831 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.034007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate that ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging can be used to simultaneously characterize the amplitude and phase of bichromatic orbital angular momenta-shaped vortex beams, which consist of a fundamental field, together with its copropagating second-harmonic field. In contrast to most other orbital angular momentum characterization methods, this approach solves for the complex field of a hyperspectral beam. This technique can also be used to characterize other phase-structured illumination beams, and, in the future, will be able to be extended to other complex fields in the extreme ultraviolet or X-ray spectral regions, as well as to matter waves.
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8
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Haddad E, Logan BR, Griffith LM, Buckley RH, Parrott RE, Prockop SE, Small TN, Chaisson J, Dvorak CC, Murnane M, Kapoor N, Abdel-Azim H, Hanson IC, Martinez C, Bleesing JJH, Chandra S, Smith AR, Cavanaugh ME, Jyonouchi S, Sullivan KE, Burroughs L, Skoda-Smith S, Haight AE, Tumlin AG, Quigg TC, Taylor C, Dávila Saldaña BJ, Keller MD, Seroogy CM, Desantes KB, Petrovic A, Leiding JW, Shyr DC, Decaluwe H, Teira P, Gillio AP, Knutsen AP, Moore TB, Kletzel M, Craddock JA, Aquino V, Davis JH, Yu LC, Cuvelier GDE, Bednarski JJ, Goldman FD, Kang EM, Shereck E, Porteus MH, Connelly JA, Fleisher TA, Malech HL, Shearer WT, Szabolcs P, Thakar MS, Vander Lugt MT, Heimall J, Yin Z, Pulsipher MA, Pai SY, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Cowan MJ, O'Reilly RJ, Notarangelo LD. SCID genotype and 6-month posttransplant CD4 count predict survival and immune recovery. Blood 2018; 132:1737-1749. [PMID: 30154114 PMCID: PMC6202916 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-840702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) performed a retrospective analysis of 662 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) who received a hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as first-line treatment between 1982 and 2012 in 33 North American institutions. Overall survival was higher after HCT from matched-sibling donors (MSDs). Among recipients of non-MSD HCT, multivariate analysis showed that the SCID genotype strongly influenced survival and immune reconstitution. Overall survival was similar for patients with RAG, IL2RG, or JAK3 defects and was significantly better compared with patients with ADA or DCLRE1C mutations. Patients with RAG or DCLRE1C mutations had poorer immune reconstitution than other genotypes. Although survival did not correlate with the type of conditioning regimen, recipients of reduced-intensity or myeloablative conditioning had a lower incidence of treatment failure and better T- and B-cell reconstitution, but a higher risk for graft-versus-host disease, compared with those receiving no conditioning or immunosuppression only. Infection-free status and younger age at HCT were associated with improved survival. Typical SCID, leaky SCID, and Omenn syndrome had similar outcomes. Landmark analysis identified CD4+ and CD4+CD45RA+ cell counts at 6 and 12 months post-HCT as biomarkers predictive of overall survival and long-term T-cell reconstitution. Our data emphasize the need for patient-tailored treatment strategies depending upon the underlying SCID genotype. The prognostic significance of CD4+ cell counts as early as 6 months after HCT emphasizes the importance of close follow-up of immune reconstitution to identify patients who may need additional intervention to prevent poor long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Haddad
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brent R Logan
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Linda M Griffith
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Susan E Prockop
- Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Trudy N Small
- Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jessica Chaisson
- Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Christopher C Dvorak
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Megan Murnane
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Neena Kapoor
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Caridad Martinez
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Jack J H Bleesing
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sharat Chandra
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Angela R Smith
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Soma Jyonouchi
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lauri Burroughs
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Ann E Haight
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory/Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Audrey G Tumlin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory/Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Troy C Quigg
- Texas Transplant Institute, Methodist Children's Hospital, San Antonio, TX
| | - Candace Taylor
- Texas Transplant Institute, Methodist Children's Hospital, San Antonio, TX
| | - Blachy J Dávila Saldaña
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Michael D Keller
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | | | - Kenneth B Desantes
- American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Aleksandra Petrovic
- Blood and Marrow Transplant, John Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Jennifer W Leiding
- Blood and Marrow Transplant, John Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - David C Shyr
- Department of Pediatrics, Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Hélène Decaluwe
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Teira
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alfred P Gillio
- Institute for Pediatric Cancer and Blood Disorders, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ
| | - Alan P Knutsen
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Saint Louis University, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Theodore B Moore
- Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Morris Kletzel
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - John A Craddock
- Children's Hospital of Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Victor Aquino
- Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jeffrey H Davis
- Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lolie C Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital/Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Geoffrey D E Cuvelier
- Manitoba Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Frederick D Goldman
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Elizabeth M Kang
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Evan Shereck
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Thomas A Fleisher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Harry L Malech
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Monica S Thakar
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood Marrow Transplantation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Mark T Vander Lugt
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; and
| | - Jennifer Heimall
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ziyan Yin
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael A Pulsipher
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sung-Yun Pai
- Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Donald B Kohn
- Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jennifer M Puck
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Morton J Cowan
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Richard J O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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9
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Lam C, Ferguson ID, Mariano MC, Lin YHT, Murnane M, Liu H, Smith GA, Wong SW, Taunton J, Liu JO, Mitsiades CS, Hann BC, Aftab BT, Wiita AP. Repurposing tofacitinib as an anti-myeloma therapeutic to reverse growth-promoting effects of the bone marrow microenvironment. Haematologica 2018; 103:1218-1228. [PMID: 29622655 PMCID: PMC6029548 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.174482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloma bone marrow microenvironment promotes proliferation of malignant plasma cells and resistance to therapy. Activation of JAK/STAT signaling is thought to be a central component of these microenvironment-induced phenotypes. In a prior drug repurposing screen, we identified tofacitinib, a pan-JAK inhibitor Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for rheumatoid arthritis, as an agent that may reverse the tumor-stimulating effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Herein, we validated in vitro, in stromal-responsive human myeloma cell lines, and in vivo, in orthotopic disseminated xenograft models of myeloma, that tofacitinib showed efficacy in myeloma models. Furthermore, tofacitinib strongly synergized with venetoclax in coculture with bone marrow stromal cells but not in monoculture. Surprisingly, we found that ruxolitinib, an FDA approved agent targeting JAK1 and JAK2, did not lead to the same anti-myeloma effects. Combination with a novel irreversible JAK3-selective inhibitor also did not enhance ruxolitinib effects. Transcriptome analysis and unbiased phosphoproteomics revealed that bone marrow stromal cells stimulate a JAK/STAT-mediated proliferative program in myeloma cells, and tofacitinib reversed the large majority of these pro-growth signals. Taken together, our results suggest that tofacitinib reverses the growth-promoting effects of the tumor microenvironment. As tofacitinib is already FDA approved, these results can be rapidly translated into potential clinical benefits for myeloma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ian D Ferguson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Margarette C Mariano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yu-Hsiu T Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Megan Murnane
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Geoffrey A Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sandy W Wong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Byron C Hann
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Blake T Aftab
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA .,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
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10
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Le Moigne R, Aftab BT, Djakovic S, Dhimolea E, Valle E, Murnane M, King EM, Soriano F, Menon MK, Wu ZY, Wong ST, Lee GJ, Yao B, Wiita AP, Lam C, Rice J, Wang J, Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Kraus M, Driessen C, Kiss von Soly S, Yakes FM, Wustrow D, Shawver L, Zhou HJ, Martin TG, Wolf JL, Mitsiades CS, Anderson DJ, Rolfe M. The p97 Inhibitor CB-5083 Is a Unique Disrupter of Protein Homeostasis in Models of Multiple Myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2375-2386. [PMID: 28878026 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the AAA ATPase, p97, was recently shown to be a novel method for targeting the ubiquitin proteasome system, and CB-5083, a first-in-class inhibitor of p97, has demonstrated broad antitumor activity in a range of both hematologic and solid tumor models. Here, we show that CB-5083 has robust activity against multiple myeloma cell lines and a number of in vivo multiple myeloma models. Treatment with CB-5083 is associated with accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, induction of the unfolded protein response, and apoptosis. CB-5083 decreases viability in multiple myeloma cell lines and patient-derived multiple myeloma cells, including those with background proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance. CB-5083 has a unique mechanism of action that combines well with PIs, which is likely owing to the p97-dependent retro-translocation of the transcription factor, Nrf1, which transcribes proteasome subunit genes following exposure to a PI. In vivo studies using clinically relevant multiple myeloma models demonstrate that single-agent CB-5083 inhibits tumor growth and combines well with multiple myeloma standard-of-care agents. Our preclinical data demonstrate the efficacy of CB-5083 in several multiple myeloma disease models and provide the rationale for clinical evaluation as monotherapy and in combination in multiple myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(11); 2375-86. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blake T Aftab
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Eugen Dhimolea
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Megan Murnane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily M King
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Zhi Yong Wu
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | | | - Grace J Lee
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - Bing Yao
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine Lam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Julie Rice
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - Marta Chesi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Marianne Kraus
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Han-Jie Zhou
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jeffrey L Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mark Rolfe
- Cleave Biosciences, Inc., Burlingame, California
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11
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Li X, Colvin T, Rauch JN, Acosta-Alvear D, Kampmann M, Dunyak B, Hann B, Aftab BT, Murnane M, Cho M, Walter P, Weissman JS, Sherman MY, Gestwicki JE. Validation of the Hsp70-Bag3 protein-protein interaction as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:642-8. [PMID: 25564440 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hsp70 is a stress-inducible molecular chaperone that is required for cancer development at several steps. Targeting the active site of Hsp70 has proven relatively challenging, driving interest in alternative approaches. Hsp70 collaborates with the Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (Bag3) to promote cell survival through multiple pathways, including FoxM1. Therefore, inhibitors of the Hsp70-Bag3 protein-protein interaction (PPI) may provide a noncanonical way to target this chaperone. We report that JG-98, an allosteric inhibitor of this PPI, indeed has antiproliferative activity (EC50 values between 0.3 and 4 μmol/L) across cancer cell lines from multiple origins. JG-98 destabilized FoxM1 and relieved suppression of downstream effectors, including p21 and p27. On the basis of these findings, JG-98 was evaluated in mice for pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and activity in two xenograft models. The results suggested that the Hsp70-Bag3 interaction may be a promising, new target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Teresa Colvin
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer N Rauch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Diego Acosta-Alvear
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Bryan Dunyak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Byron Hann
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Blake T Aftab
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Megan Murnane
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Min Cho
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael Y Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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12
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Christov I, Kapteyn H, Murnane M. Quasi-phase matching of high-harmonics and attosecond pulses in modulated waveguides. Opt Express 2000; 7:362-367. [PMID: 19407887 DOI: 10.1364/oe.7.000362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe theoretically a new technique for quasi-phase-matched generation of high harmonics and attosecond pulses in a gas medium, in a high ionization limit. A corrugated hollow-core fiber modulates the intensity of the fundamental pulse along the direction of propagation, resulting in a periodic modulation of the harmonic emission at wavelengths close to the cutoff. This leads to an increase of the harmonic yield of up to three orders of magnitude. At the same time the highest harmonics merge in a broad band that corresponds to a single attosecond pulse, using 15-fs driving pulses.
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13
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Lejnine S, Durfee G, Murnane M, Kapteyn HC, Makarov VL, Langmore JP. Crosslinking of proteins to DNA in human nuclei using a 60 femtosecond 266 nm laser. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27:3676-84. [PMID: 10471736 PMCID: PMC148622 DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.18.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed appropriate conditions to use a laser with 60 femtosecond pulses, a frequency of 1 KHz and a wavelength of 266 nm to efficiently crosslink proteins to DNA in human nuclei for the purpose of using immunoprecipitation to study the binding of specific proteins to specific sequences of DNA under native conditions. Irradiation of nuclei for 30 min with 1-3 GW/cm(2)pulses crosslinked 10-12% of total protein to DNA. The efficiency of crosslinking was dose and protein specific. Histones H1 and H3 were crosslinked by 15 min of irradiation with 20-25% efficiency, at least 10 times more strongly than the other histones, consistent with experiments using conventional UV light. Irradiation for 15 min did not damage proteins, as assayed by SDS-PAGE of Ku-70 and histones. Although the same level of irradiation did not cause double-strand breaks, it did make the DNA partially insensitive to Eco RI restriction enzyme, probably through formation of thymidine dimers. Immuno-analysis of crosslinked nucleoprotein showed that Ku crosslinking to nuclear DNA is detectable only in the presence of breaks in the DNA, and that nucleosomes are bound to a significant fraction of the telomeric repeat (TTAGGG) (n).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lejnine
- Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1055, USA
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14
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Zeek E, Maginnis K, Backus S, Russek U, Murnane M, Mourou G, Kapteyn H, Vdovin G. Pulse compression by use of deformable mirrors. Opt Lett 1999; 24:493-5. [PMID: 18071550 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An electrostatically deformable, gold-coated, silicon nitride membrane mirror was used as a phase modulator to compress pulses from 92 to 15 fs. Both an iterative genetic algorithm and single-step dispersion compensation based on frequency-resolved optical gating calibration of the mirror were used to compress pulses to within 10% of the transform limit. Frequency-resolved optical gating was used to characterize the pulses and to test the range of the deformable-mirror-based compressor.
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15
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Christov I, Kapteyn H, Murnane M. Dispersion-controlled hollow core fiber for phase matched harmonic generation. Opt Express 1998; 3:360-365. [PMID: 19384382 DOI: 10.1364/oe.3.000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe theoretically the performance of a new design for quasi-phase matched harmonic generation in a gas medium. A hollow core fiber in which thick glass plates are periodically introduced allows good phase control of the fundamental light. The generated x-rays are transmitted throught small holes in the plates. An increase of the harmonic yield of up to three orders of magnitude is predicted as a result of the structure. This esign can be considered as a phase-locked travelling-wave x-ray laser.
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16
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Abstract
Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome is an uncommon neurologic disorder characterized by oculosympathetic paralysis, including ptosis and miosis. In the ED, this syndrome can be easily confused with Horner's syndrome, although with Raeder's syndrome trigeninal nerve irritation and preservation of facial sweating are noted. This report reviews a case of a 62-year-old man who presented to the ED with signs and symptoms consistent with Raeder's syndrome. MRI with angiography revealed a carotid artery dissection, and the patient was admitted and anticoagulated. The syndrome has been associated with head trauma, hypertension, vasculitis, migraine headaches, parasellar mass lesions, and internal carotid artery dissections. Hence, treatment of the patient who has Raeder's syndrome is dependent on the specific underlying lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Murnane
- Brown University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA.
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17
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Read K, Blonigen F, Riccelli N, Murnane M, Kapteyn H. Low-threshold operation of an ultrashort-pulse mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Opt Lett 1996; 21:489-91. [PMID: 19865448 DOI: 10.1364/ol.21.000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate low-pump-power operation of a self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Stable, sub-20-fs duration pulses, with output powers of 35-100 mW, were obtained for pump powers in the range of 400 mW-1 W. Our design uses a tight focusing geometry for both the argon-ion and Ti:sapphire beams within the Ti:sapphire crystal, which significantly reduces the pump-power requirements.
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18
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Ruddle FH, Chapman VM, Ricciuti F, Murnane M, Klebe R, Meera Khan P. Linkage relationships of seventeen human gene loci as determined by man--mouse somatic cell hybrids. Nat New Biol 1971; 232:69-73. [PMID: 5285340 DOI: 10.1038/newbio232069a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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