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Hartmann R, Högen M, Lignon D, Tan AKC, Amado M, El-Khatib S, Egilmez M, Das B, Leighton C, Atatüre M, Scheer E, Di Bernardo A. Intrinsic giant magnetoresistance due to exchange-bias-type effects at the surface of single-crystalline NiS 2 nanoflakes. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37184489 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00467h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of different properties in the same material often results in exciting physical effects. At low temperatures, the pyrite transition-metal disulphide NiS2 hosts both antiferromagnetic and weak ferromagnetic orders, along with surface metallicity dominating its electronic transport. The interplay between such a complex magnetic structure and surface-dominated conduction in NiS2, however, is still not understood. A possible reason for this limited understanding is that NiS2 has been available primarily in bulk single-crystal form, which makes it difficult to perform studies combining magnetometry and transport measurements with high spatial resolution. Here, NiS2 nanoflakes are produced via mechanical cleaving and exfoliation of NiS2 single crystals and their properties are studied on a local (micron-size) scale. Strongly field-asymmetric magnetotransport features are found at low temperatures, which resemble those of more complex magnetic thin film heterostructures. Using nitrogen vacancy magnetometry, these magnetotransport features are related to exchange-bias-type effects between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic regions forming near step edges at the nanoflake surface. Nanoflakes with bigger steps exhibit giant magnetoresistance, which suggests a strong influence of magnetic spin textures at the NiS2 surface on its electronic transport. These findings pave the way for the application of NiS2 nanoflakes in van der Waals heterostructures for low-temperature spintronics and superconducting spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Hartmann
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - Michael Högen
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Daphné Lignon
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - Anthony K C Tan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mario Amado
- Nanotechnology Group, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Sami El-Khatib
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehmet Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bhaskar Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chris Leighton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mete Atatüre
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Elke Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - Angelo Di Bernardo
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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2
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Mustafa F, Egilmez M, Abuzaid W, El-Khatib S, Nawaz T, Ahmad S, Alagoz S. Strange Metallicity and Magnetic Order in the CoNi(Cr/V) Medium-Entropy Alloy System. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1044. [PMID: 36770051 PMCID: PMC9921504 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CoNiCr is a prototypical example of topical multi-principle element alloys with superior cryogenic and high-temperature mechanical strength, corrosion, oxidation resistance, and yet-to-be-explored magnetic and electronic functionalities. The remarkable properties of this transition metal ternary system are not only due to atomic radii, electronic configurational mismatch, and atomic volume misfit but are also dependent on the debated magnetically driven chemical short-range order. The current study focuses on the electric and magnetic properties of the single-phase face-centered cubic CoNi(Cr/V) system in which V is introduced to the system at the expense of Cr to fine-tune the volume misfit in the system. All the samples exhibited ultra-small magnetic moments due to the complex magnetic interactions of the constituent elements. The electric transport measurements revealed a strange metallicity evidenced through the observation of the linear temperature dependence of the resistivity. Our findings support the recent theoretical studies on the magnetically driven chemical short-range order of the CoNiCr system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mustafa
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehmet Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Abuzaid
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sami El-Khatib
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Nawaz
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Serhat Alagoz
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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3
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Eddy NO, Ibok UJ, Garg R, Garg R, Iqbal A, Amin M, Mustafa F, Egilmez M, Galal AM. A Brief Review on Fruit and Vegetable Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitors in Acidic Environments. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092991. [PMID: 35566341 PMCID: PMC9105195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The corrosion of metals, i.e., the initiation and acceleration of the surface deterioration of metals through an electrochemical reaction with the surrounding intrusive environment, is a global concern because of the economic and environmental impacts. Corrosion inhibitors are considered the most practical choice among the available corrosion protection techniques due to their effectiveness in terms of functionality and cost. The use of traditional and toxic corrosion inhibitors has led to environmental issues, arousing the need for green counterparts that are environmentally friendly, easily accessible, biodegradable, and cost-effective. In this review, the utilization of green corrosion inhibitors purely acquired from renewable sources is explored, with an in-depth focus on the recent advancements in the use of fruit and vegetable extracts as green corrosion inhibitors. In particular, fruits and vegetables are natural sources of various phytochemicals that exhibit key potential in corrosion inhibition. To shed light on the true potential of such extracts in the protection of steel in acidic environments, the experimental techniques involved in corrosion inhibition and the mechanism of corrosion inhibition are discussed in detail. The study highlights the potential of fruit and vegetable extracts as non-toxic, economical, and effective corrosion inhibitors in the pursuit of green chemistry. In addition to discussing and outlining the current status and opportunities for employing fruit and vegetable extracts as corrosion inhibitors, the current review outlines the challenges involved in the utilization of such extracts in corrosion inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnabuk Okon Eddy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
| | - Udo John Ibok
- Department of Chemistry, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden 520221, Nigeria;
| | - Rajni Garg
- Research & Development, Institute of Sci-Tech Affairs, Mohali 140306, India;
| | - Rishav Garg
- Department of Civil Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (M.E.)
| | - Muhammad Amin
- Department of Energy System Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Faisal Mustafa
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates;
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehmet Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates;
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (M.E.)
| | - Ahmed M. Galal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi ad-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia;
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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4
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Khan J, Ali G, Samreen A, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Egilmez M, Amin S, Khan N. Quantum-dot sensitized hierarchical NiO p–n heterojunction for effective photocatalytic performance. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32459-32470. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and low-cost pseudo successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique was used to deposit cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) on hierarchical nanoflower NiO to form effective and intimate NiO/CdS, p–n heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Khan
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gohar Ali
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayesha Samreen
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, POBOX: 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, POBOX: 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, 22500, Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, POBOX: 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, POBOX: 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sadiq Amin
- Material Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Physics, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak 27200, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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5
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Ahmad S, Egilmez M, Iqbal M, Ibrahim T, Khamis M, Alnaser AS. Pulsed Laser Deposited Zeolite Coatings on Femtosecond Laser-Nanostructured Steel Meshes for Durable Superhydrophilic/Oleophobic Functionalities. Front Chem 2021; 9:792641. [PMID: 34926409 PMCID: PMC8677653 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.792641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast laser structuring has proven to alter the wettability performance of surfaces drastically due to controlled modification of the surface roughness and energy. Surface alteration can be achieved also by coating the surfaces with functional materials with enhanced durability. On this line, robust and tunable surface wettability performance can be achieved by the synergic effects of ultrafast laser structuring and coating. In this work, femtosecond laser-structured stainless steel (SS-100) meshes were used to host the growth of NaAlSi2O6-H2O zeolite films. Contact angle measurements were carried on pristine SS-100 meshes, zeolite-coated SS-100 meshes, laser-structured SS-100 meshes, and zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes. Enhanced hydrophilic behavior was observed in the zeolite-coated SS-100 meshes (contact angle 72°) and in laser-structured SS-100 meshes (contact angle 41°). On the other hand, superior durable hydrophilic behavior was observed for the zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes (contact angle 14°) over an extended period and reusability. In addition, the zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes were subjected to oil-water separation tests and revealed augmented effectuation for oil-water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Iqbal
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Ibrahim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Khamis
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali S Alnaser
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Ahmed M, Ahmad S, Nawaz T, Durrani MA, Ali A, Saher S, Khan MAZ, Egilmez M, Samreen A, Mustafa F. Performance evaluation of graphene oxide–MnO
2
nanocomposite for alkaline membrane fuel cell. Electrochemical Science Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmed
- U.S.‐Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- U.S.‐Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan
- Department of Physics American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Nawaz
- U.S.‐Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan
| | - M. Ali Durrani
- U.S.‐Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Asghar Ali
- U.S.‐Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saim Saher
- Ariston Energy Solutions Peshawar Pakistan
- Advanced Materials Laboratory Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Alam Zaib Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Egilmez
- Department of Physics American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha Samreen
- Department of Physics University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mustafa
- Department of Physics American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates
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7
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Abstract
A prototypical, single-phase, and non-equiatomic high entropy alloy Fe40Mn40Co10Cr10 has been mechanically deformed at room and cryogenic temperatures. Plastic deformation was accommodated via crystallographic slip at room temperature while transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) has been observed in samples deformed at 77 K. The stress-induced martensitic transformation occurred from face-centered cubic (FCC) to hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structures. A detailed electron backscatter diffraction analysis was utilized to detect phase change and evaluate the evolution of the HCP phase volume fraction as a function of plastic strain. Physical properties of undeformed and deformed samples were measured to elucidate the effect of deformation-induced phase transitions on the magnetic and electrical properties of Fe40Mn40Co10Cr10 alloy. Relatively small magnetic moments along with non-saturating magnetic field dependencies suggest that the ground state in the considered material is ferrimagnetic ordering with coexisting antiferromagnetic phase. The temperature evolution of the coercive fields has been revealed for all samples. The magnitudes of the coercive fields place the considered system into the semi-hard magnetic alloys category. The temperature dependence of the zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization was measured for all samples in the low field regime and the origin of irreversibility in ZFC/FC curves was discussed. Besides, the temperature dependence of the resistivity in all samples was measured and the possible conduction mechanisms were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Egilmez
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - W Abuzaid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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8
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Prasad B, Egilmez M, Schoofs F, Fix T, Vickers ME, Zhang W, Jian J, Wang H, Blamire MG. Nanopillar spin filter tunnel junctions with manganite barriers. Nano Lett 2014; 14:2789-2793. [PMID: 24742375 DOI: 10.1021/nl500798b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential of a manganite ferromagnetic insulator in the field of spin-filtering has been demonstrated. For this, an ultrathin film of Sm0.75Sr0.25MnO3 is integrated as a barrier in an epitaxial oxide nanopillar tunnel junction and a high spin polarization of up to 75% at 5 K has been achieved. A large zero-bias anomaly observed in the dynamic conductance at low temperatures is explained in terms of the Kondo scattering model. In addition, a decrease in spin polarization at low bias and hysteretic magneto-resistance at low temperatures are reported. The results open up new possibilities for spin-electronics and suggest exploration of other manganites-based materials for the room temperature spin-filter applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwati Prasad
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, U.K
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9
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Bulmer JS, Martens J, Kurzepa L, Gizewski T, Egilmez M, Blamire MG, Yahya N, Koziol KKK. Microwave conductivity of sorted CNT assemblies. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3762. [PMID: 24446019 PMCID: PMC3896931 DOI: 10.1038/srep03762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress with tailored growth and post-process sorting enables carbon nanotube (CNT) assemblies with predominantly metallic or semi-conducting concentrations. Cryogenic and microwave measurements performed here show transport dimensionality and overall order increasing with increasing metallic concentration, even in atmospheric doping conditions. By 120 GHz, the conductivity of predominantly semi-conducting assemblies grew to 400% its DC value at an increasing growth rate, while other concentrations a growth rate that tapered off. A generalized Drude model fits to the different frequency dependent behaviors and yields useful quality control parameters such as plasma frequency, mean free path, and degree of localization. As one of the first demonstrations of waveguides fabricated from this material, sorted CNTs from both as-made and post-process sources were inserted into sections of practical micro-strip. With both sources, sorted CNT micro-strip increasingly outperformed the unsorted with increasing frequency-- illustrating that sorted CNT assemblies will be important for high frequency applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Bulmer
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jon Martens
- Anritsu Corporation, 490 Jarvis Dr Morgan Hill, CA 95037
| | - Lukasz Kurzepa
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Tomasz Gizewski
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - M. Egilmez
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
- American University of Sharjah, Department of Physics, UAE, PO26666
| | - M. G. Blamire
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Noorhana Yahya
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Department of Fundamental and Applied Science, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Krzysztof K. K. Koziol
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
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Schoofs F, Carpenter MA, Vickers ME, Egilmez M, Fix T, Kleibeuker JE, MacManus-Driscoll JL, Blamire MG. Carrier density modulation by structural distortions at modified LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:175005. [PMID: 23567541 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/17/175005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the fundamental conduction mechanism of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) interfaces, heterostructures were modified with a single unit cell interface layer of either an isovalent titanate ATiO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Sn, Ba) or a rare earth modified Sr0.5RE0.5TiO3 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Dy) between the LAO and the STO. A strong coupling between the lattice strain induced in the LAO layer by the interfacial layers and the sheet carrier density in the STO substrate is observed. The observed crystal distortion of the LAO is large and it is suggested that it couples into the sub-surface STO, causing oxygen octahedral rotation and deformation. We propose that the 'structural reconstruction' which occurs in the STO surface as a result of the stress in the LAO is the enabling trigger for two-dimensional conduction at the LAO/STO interface by locally changing the band structure and releasing trapped carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schoofs
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK
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