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Şahin MF, Ateş H, Keleş A, Özcan R, Doğan Ç, Akgül M, Yazıcı CM. Responses of Five Different Artificial Intelligence Chatbots to the Top Searched Queries About Erectile Dysfunction: A Comparative Analysis. J Med Syst 2024; 48:38. [PMID: 38568432 PMCID: PMC10990980 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the quality and readability of responses generated by five different artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-ChatGPT, Bard, Bing, Ernie, and Copilot-to the top searched queries of erectile dysfunction (ED). Google Trends was used to identify ED-related relevant phrases. Each AI chatbot received a specific sequence of 25 frequently searched terms as input. Responses were evaluated using DISCERN, Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP), and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Reading Ease (FKRE) metrics. The top three most frequently searched phrases were "erectile dysfunction cause", "how to erectile dysfunction," and "erectile dysfunction treatment." Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Ghana exhibited the highest level of interest in ED. None of the AI chatbots achieved the necessary degree of readability. However, Bard exhibited significantly higher FKRE and FKGL ratings (p = 0.001), and Copilot achieved better EQIP and DISCERN ratings than the other chatbots (p = 0.001). Bard exhibited the simplest linguistic framework and posed the least challenge in terms of readability and comprehension, and Copilot's text quality on ED was superior to the other chatbots. As new chatbots are introduced, their understandability and text quality increase, providing better guidance to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Fatih Şahin
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey.
| | - Hüseyin Ateş
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey
| | - Anıl Keleş
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Özcan
- Department of Urology, Bursa State Hospital, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16110, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Doğan
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey
| | - Murat Akgül
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey
| | - Cenk Murat Yazıcı
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, 59020, Turkey
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Dogan C, Demir A, Şahin MF, Keleş A, Ateş H, Akgul M, Yazici CM. The Predictive Factors for the Longer Survival of the Reusable Flexible Ureterorenoscopy. World J Urol 2023; 41:3781-3787. [PMID: 37851054 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The flexible ureterorenoscopy (FURS) is expensive and fragile equipment which easily break down during the surgery. f-URS have yet some problems with their durability that affect survival. One of the most important ways to increase the survival of a device is to improve its use in the right indications. We aimed to investigate whether the durability of the f-URS will be affected due to the volume and location of the stone and some anatomical features of the including infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), and location anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The collected data from 705 patients' data including their age, sex, stone location, and stone volume, S-ReSC score, Hounsfield unit (HU) as stone density, IPA, BMI, and the usage time of f-URS using 10f-URS were included to study. Exp(B) values and confidence intervals (95% CIs) of parameters were calculated with COX regression and Roc curve analysis was also used to determine the cut-off value. RESULTS Renal malformation, DJstent use, previous ESL application, and UAS use did not affect contrary to expectations stone volume, HU, IPA, and S-ReSC score were among the factors statistically significant affecting the durability of the device. It was observed, Exp(B) values of the affecting factors to be 0.984, 0.268, 0.894, and 0.607, respectively. We found the most appropriate cutoff value for IPA as 41.25 degrees. CONCLUSION The mean stone volume broken by each of the subsequent f-URS may increase, while the mean operative time may decrease as time progresses. This result shows us the importance of mastery of the device, such as the deflection maneuver, and the correct use distance of the laser, which improves with the increase in user experience, and makes us interpret that the operation time is shortened with this self-confidence. Factors including stone volume, HU, IPA, S-ReSC score affect the durability of the f-URS device and the as well as manufacturing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri Dogan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Aslan Demir
- Faculty of Medicine, Urology Departments, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Şahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Anil Keleş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Ateş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Murat Akgul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Cenk Murat Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Dogan C, Akgül M, Şahin A, Yazıcı CM, Şahin MF, Altın E, Keleş A. The Effect of Ventilation Mode in Anesthesia on Renal Mobility During Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery. Single-Blind Randomized Study. Urol J 2023; 20:299-304. [PMID: 37485607 DOI: 10.22037/uj.v20i.7478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Renal mobility can present challenges for surgeons during stone fragmentation. The respiratory setup of the mechanical ventilator during RIRS might affect renal mobility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high ventilation (HV) and standard ventilation (SV) modes on renal mobility during RIRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who underwent RIRS at a single center between November 2020 and November 2021 were retrospectively included in the study. Renal mobility was measured under fluoroscopic view in HVandSV modes during retrograde pyelography. The surgeon, who was absolutely blind about mechanical ventilation modes, was asked to assess the renal movement grade. After the ventilation mode was changed, the surgeon reassessed renal mobility. The data and the surgeon's assessment were recorded and compared to each other. RESULTS A total of 86 patients with a mean age of 48.6 ± 15.7 years were included in the study. There was a significant difference between the SV and HV modes in terms of renal mobility in fluoroscopic view (17.1±6.1 mm and 13.6 ± 5.2mm, respectively; p=0.007). According to the surgeon's assessments, the grade of renal mobility was found to be significantly higher in the SV group 2.8 ±1.1 compared to the HV group 2.2 ± 0.8 (p=0.001). Renal movement increased significantly under fluoroscopic vision as the renal grading of the surgeon increased(p=0.013). This data demonstrated that the surgeon's assessment of renal mobility was significantly correlated with fluoroscopic kidney movement. CONCLUSION Kidney movement was decreased significantly in HV mode during RIRS according to both fluoroscopic findings and surgeon assessment. Most surgeries of mobile kidneys were performed in HV mode, due to the surgeon's preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri Dogan
- Namik Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Murat Akgül
- Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Ayhan Şahin
- Namik. Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Cenk Murat Yazıcı
- Namik Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Fatih Şahin
- Namik Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Enes Altın
- Namik Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
| | - Anıl Keleş
- Namik Kemal University Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Urology, Tekirdag/Turkey.
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Şahin MF, Ozman O, Cakir H, Cinar O, Akgul M, Basatac C, Simsekoglu MF, Teke K, Yazici CM, Sancak EB, Önal B, Akpinar H. Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Learning Curves of Urology Residents Supervised by an Experienced Endourologist: An RIRSearch Study. Urol Int 2023; 107:877-885. [PMID: 37619537 DOI: 10.1159/000531517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is being performed with increasing frequency, there are only a limited number of studies about the learning curve (LC). This study aimed to analyze the LC of RIRS for five surgeons who underwent the same training. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data of the 410 patients who underwent RIRS between April 2017 and 2022 in a single institution, which were performed consecutively by five surgeons, were analyzed. All 50 cases performed by each surgeon were included and numbered consecutively and separately, according to the date of the operation. The combined stone-free rate (SFR) was calculated for each surgeon's cases in the same row, and the LCs were created using moving average and cumulative sum (CUSUM) analyses. Separate multivariable analyses identified each period's (LC vs. beyond) characteristics. RESULTS The LCs from the combined SFRs reached a plateau after approximately 50 cases for both the CUSUM and the moving average. The effect of stone burden on SFR was more evident in the first 50 cases compared to subsequent cases in the multivariable analyses (p = 0.001 and p = 0.047, respectively). Case order and stone density were independent factors in the first 50 cases (OR: 1.02 [95% CI 1.00-1.04], p = 0.04 and OR: 0.99 [95% CI 0.99-1.00], p = 0.04) but not significant in subsequent cases (OR: 0.97 [95% CI 0.94-1.00], p = 0.1 and OR: 1.00 [95% CI 0.99-1.00], p = 0.7, respectively). Compared to single locations except the lower calyx, the unfavorable effect of the multiple-stone localization on SFR grew in strength after the 50th case (OR: 0.42 [95% CI 0.23-0.78], p = 0.01 and OR: 0.20 [95% CI 0.09-0.46], p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study reporting on the RIRS LCs of urology residents. While stone burden, density, and multiple-stone localization were the factors determining SFR in the learning period, after completing the LC, the effect of stone burden weakened and multiple-stone localization became stronger.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oktay Ozman
- Urology Clinic, Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Cakir
- Urology Clinic, Fulya Acıbadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onder Cinar
- Department of Urology, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Murat Akgul
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Cem Basatac
- Department of Urology, Group Florence Nightingale Hospitals, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Kerem Teke
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cenk Murat Yazici
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Eyup Burak Sancak
- Department of Urology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Bülent Önal
- Department of Urology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haluk Akpinar
- Urology Clinic, Fulya Acıbadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Şahin MF, Özcan R, Malak A, Doğan Ç, Yazıcı CM, Özcan M, Akgül M. The effect of the pandemic period on Bladder Pain Syndrome patients under amitriptyline treatment. Neurourol Urodyn 2023. [PMID: 37155258 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is a disease that may cause anxiety, depression, and stress. Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a disease in which stress and psychological factors might negatively affect its course. In this study, we aimed to examine the possible clinical aggregation of the pandemic period on BPS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 35 BPS patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 were included. All patients were using medical treatment, and the follow-up period was at least 6 months. According to our clinical follow-up protocol, the BPS patients were given the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Overactive Bladder Form V8 (OAB-V8), and Visual Analog Score (VAS) in every visit. In the sixth month of the pandemic, the clinical course of the patients was questioned by telephone or video interview, and their treatment continuities were questioned. Information was received about the delays in their follow-up and the difficulties in accessing healthcare opportunities. The same questionnaires were filled out and compared with pre-pandemic scores. RESULTS The mean age of the patients included in the study was 50.2 ± 13.32 (min:20, max:74), 11 were males and 24 were females. The mean follow-up periods were 71.8 ± 35.6 months. All questionnaire scores showed an increase compared to the pre-pandemic period. A statistically significant increase was detected during the pandemic in all sub-units of the KHQ. The VAS and OAB-V8 scores of 16 patients who requested hospital admission were significantly higher than before the pandemic. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the increase in VAS and OAB-V8 scores of the 19 patients who refused to come to the hospital. CONCLUSION BPS patients have been negatively affected by the emotional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the fear, stress, anxiety, and depression, the symptoms of BPS patients exacerbated, and the patients could not receive the necessary support due to a lack of regular follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rıdvan Özcan
- Department of Urology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Nilüfer, Turkey
| | - Arzu Malak
- School of Health Nursing Department, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Doğan
- Department of Urology, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Medical School, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Cenk Murat Yazıcı
- Department of Urology, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Medical School, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Müge Özcan
- Department of Urology, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Medical School, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Murat Akgül
- Department of Urology, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Medical School, Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Akgül M, Yazıcı C, Doğan Ç, Özcan R, Şahin MF. Erectile dysfunction iceberg in an urology outpatient clinic: How can we encourage our patients to be more forthcoming? Andrologia 2021; 53:e14152. [PMID: 34137466 DOI: 10.1111/and.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study's aim was to document the rates of declared and hidden erectile dysfunction (ED) at urology outpatient clinic while attempting to develop a method to encourage patients to talk about ED. A total of 506 patients, all of whom underwent the same procedure by the same clinician with a standard algorithm, were prospectively evaluated. The patients who declared ED as their primary or secondary symptom were grouped as 'very early treatment seekers' (VETS) and 'early treatment seekers' (ETS) respectively. The patients who hid their ED until directly questioned and the patients whose ED was diagnosed with an IIEF-5 questionnaire were grouped as 'late treatment seekers' (LTS) and 'very late treatment seekers' (VLTS) respectively. The total number of ED was 291 (57.5%), comprised of 54 (18.6%) patients in the VETS, 48 (16.5%) in the ETS, 143 (49.1%) in the LTS and 46 (15.8%) in the VLTS groups. The rate of severe ED was significantly higher in the VETS group, whereas the rate of mild ED was significantly higher in the VLTS group (p < .001). Most of the patients would not seek help for their ED until the clinician directly or indirectly questioned them. Simple manipulations uncovered the hidden ED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Akgül
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Cenk Yazıcı
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Çağri Doğan
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Özcan
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Şahin
- Department of Urology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Yasemin Özatik F, Kaygısız B, Erol K, Dündar Y, Önkol T, Şahin MF. The Effects of p-nonylphenol on the Myometrial Contractile Activity. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2014; 65:388-92. [PMID: 25162503 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of p-nonylphenol(p-NP) on uterine contractility in rats. The uterine tissues of female Sprague Dawley rats in diestrus were bathed in isolated organ bath. The effects of vehicle alone (0.1% ethanol), the positive control 17-β-E2 (10(-5) M) and p-NP (10(-9) M, 10(-8) M, 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M) on spontaneous and KCl-induced uterine contractility of rats were studied. Also, the effects of p-NP in combination with actinomycin D (10(-5) M) (gene transcription inhibitor), cycloheximide (10(-4) M) (protein synthesis inhibitor), fulvestrant (10(-6) M) (pure estrogen receptor antagonist), 2-hydroxy-5-nonanoylbenzamide (10(-3) M) (compound 1b, anti-uterotrophic compound) on spontaneous uterine contractions, and with propranolol (20 µM) (β-adrenoceptor antagonist) and noradrenaline (5 µM) on KCl (40 mM) induced contractions were investigated. p-NP exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition on spontaneous uterine contractions. There was no significant difference between the highest p-NP concentration (10(-6) M) and the positive control 17-β-E2 in terms of % inhibition (p>0.05). The inhibitory effect of p-NP (10(-6) M) on spontaneous contractions was blocked by actinomycin D (p<0.001), cycloheximide (p<0.001), fulvestrant (p<0.001) and compound 1b (p<0.001). 17-β-E2 (10(-5) M) exerted a higher inhibition % on KCl induced contractions than p-NP (10(-6) M). The relaxant effect of p-NP on KCl-induced uterine contractions was inhibited by noradrenaline (p<0.05) but not by propranolol (p>0.05). We suggest that p-NP inhibited uterine contractions similar as 17-β-E2 and genomic pathways are involved and β-adrenoceptors might modulate the activity of p-NP. In addition, compound 1b showed an uterotonic activity and reversed the effect of p-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yasemin Özatik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - B Kaygısız
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - K Erol
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Y Dündar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Önkol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M F Şahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey
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