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Gelaye KA, Tessema F, Tariku B, Abera SF, Gebru AA, Assefa N, Zelalem D, Dedefo M, Kondal M, Kote M, Sisay MM, Mekonnen W, Terefe MW, Biks GA, Eshetu F, Abera M, Fekadu Y, Hailu GB, Tilahun E, Lakew Y. Injury-related gaining momentum as external causes of deaths in Ethiopian health and demographic surveillance sites: evidence from verbal autopsy study. Glob Health Action 2018; 11:1430669. [PMID: 29471744 PMCID: PMC5827642 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1430669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Ethiopia, though all kinds of mortality due to external causes are an important component of overall mortality often not counted or documented on an individual basis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of mortality from external causes using verbal autopsy (VA) method at the Ethiopian HDSS Network sites. METHODS All deaths at Ethiopian HDSS sites were routinely registered and followed up with VA interviews. The VA forms comprised deaths up to 28 days, between four weeks and 14 years and 15 years and above. The cause of a death was ascertained based on an interview with next of families or other caregivers using a standardized questionnaire that draws information on signs, symptoms, medical history and circumstances preceding death after 45 days mourning period. Two physician assigned probable causes of death as underlying, immediate and contributing factors independently using information in VA forms based on the WHO ICD-10 and VA code system. Disagreed cases sent to third physician for independent review and diagnosis. The final cause of death considered when two of the three physicians assigned underlying cause of death; otherwise, labeled as undetermined. RESULTS In the period from 2009 to 2013, a total of 9719 deaths were registered. Of the total deaths, 623 (6.4%) were from external causes. Of these, accidental drowning and submersion, 136 (21.8%), accidental fall, 113 (18.1%) and transport-related accidents, 112 (18.0%) were the topmost three leading external causes of deaths. About 436 (70.0%) of deaths were from the age group above 15 years old. Drowning and submersion and transport-related accidents were high in age group between 5 and 14 years old. CONCLUSION In this study, external causes of death are significant public health problems and require attention as one of prior health agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Alemu Gelaye
- Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Amhara National Regional State, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fasil Tessema
- Department of Epidemiology, Gilgel Gibe Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
| | - Befikadu Tariku
- Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Semaw Ferede Abera
- Kilte Awulalo Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Tigray National Regional State, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Alemseged Aregay Gebru
- Kilte Awulalo Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Tigray National Regional State, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Assefa
- Department Reproductive Health; CDC Ethiopia, Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
| | - Desalew Zelalem
- Department Reproductive Health; CDC Ethiopia, Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Dedefo
- Department Reproductive Health; CDC Ethiopia, Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
| | - Mekdes Kondal
- Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Kote
- Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Mitike Molla Sisay
- Butajira Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wubegzier Mekonnen
- Butajira Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mamo Wubshet Terefe
- Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Amhara National Regional State, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Andargie Biks
- Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Amhara National Regional State, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Firehywot Eshetu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mulumebet Abera
- Department of Epidemiology, Gilgel Gibe Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
| | - Yoseph Fekadu
- Department of Data Mangment, Ethiopian Public Health Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gessessew Bugssa Hailu
- Kilte Awulalo Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Tigray National Regional State, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Etsehiwot Tilahun
- Butajira Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Nation and Nationalities Regional State, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yihunie Lakew
- Department of Data Mangment, Ethiopian Public Health Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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