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Fried W, Tyagi M, Minakhin L, Chandramouly G, Tredinnick T, Ramanjulu M, Auerbacher W, Calbert M, Rusanov T, Hoang T, Borisonnik N, Betsch R, Krais JJ, Wang Y, Vekariya UM, Gordon J, Morton G, Kent T, Skorski T, Johnson N, Childers W, Chen XS, Pomerantz RT. Discovery of a small-molecule inhibitor that traps Polθ on DNA and synergizes with PARP inhibitors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2862. [PMID: 38580648 PMCID: PMC10997755 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) protein DNA Polymerase θ (Polθ) is synthetic lethal with homologous recombination (HR) factors and is therefore a promising drug target in BRCA1/2 mutant cancers. We discover an allosteric Polθ inhibitor (Polθi) class with 4-6 nM IC50 that selectively kills HR-deficient cells and acts synergistically with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in multiple genetic backgrounds. X-ray crystallography and biochemistry reveal that Polθi selectively inhibits Polθ polymerase (Polθ-pol) in the closed conformation on B-form DNA/DNA via an induced fit mechanism. In contrast, Polθi fails to inhibit Polθ-pol catalytic activity on A-form DNA/RNA in which the enzyme binds in the open configuration. Remarkably, Polθi binding to the Polθ-pol:DNA/DNA closed complex traps the polymerase on DNA for more than forty minutes which elucidates the inhibitory mechanism of action. These data reveal a unique small-molecule DNA polymerase:DNA trapping mechanism that induces synthetic lethality in HR-deficient cells and potentiates the activity of PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Fried
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mrityunjay Tyagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Leonid Minakhin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Gurushankar Chandramouly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Taylor Tredinnick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Mercy Ramanjulu
- Recombination Therapeutics, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - William Auerbacher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Marissa Calbert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timur Rusanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Betsch
- Nuclear Dynamics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - John J Krais
- Nuclear Dynamics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Yifan Wang
- Nuclear Dynamics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Umeshkumar M Vekariya
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Gordon
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - George Morton
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tatiana Kent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil Johnson
- Nuclear Dynamics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Wayne Childers
- Recombination Therapeutics, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaojiang S Chen
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Recombination Therapeutics, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Richard T Pomerantz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
- Recombination Therapeutics, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA.
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Li JG, Chiu J, Ramanjulu M, Blass BE, Praticò D. Correction to: A pharmacological chaperone improves memory by reducing Aβ and tau neuropathology in a mouse model with plaques and tangles. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:42. [PMID: 34183043 PMCID: PMC8240188 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Li
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jin Chiu
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Mercy Ramanjulu
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Benjamin E Blass
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Knackstedt LA, Wu L, Rothstein JD, Vidensky S, Gordon J, Ramanjulu M, Dunman P, Blass B, Childers W, Abou-Gharbia M. MC-100093, a novel β-lactam GLT-1 enhancer devoid of antimicrobial properties attenuates cocaine relapse in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:51-59. [PMID: 33986035 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) currently lacks FDA-approved treatments. In rodents, the glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) is downregulated in the nucleus accumbens following cocaine self-administration and increasing the expression and function of GLT-1 reduces the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking. The beta-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone upregulates GLT-1 and attenuates cue- and cocaine-induced cocaine seeking without affecting motivation for natural rewards. While ceftriaxone shows promise for treating CUD, it possesses characteristics that limit successful translation from bench to bedside, including poor brain penetration, a lack of oral bioavailability and a risk of bacterial resistance when used chronically. Thus, we aimed to develop novel molecules that retained the GLT-1 enhancing effects of ceftriaxone but displayed superior drug-like properties. Here we describe a new monocyclic beta-lactam, MC-100093, as a potent up-regulator of GLT-1 that is orally bioavailable and devoid of antimicrobial properties. MC-100093 was synthesized and tested in vitro and in vivo to determine physiochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Next, adult male rats underwent cocaine self-administration and extinction training. During extinction training, rats received one of four doses of MC-100093 for 6-8 days prior to a single cue-primed reinstatement test. Separate cohorts of rats were used to assess nucleus accumbens GLT-1 expression and MC-100093 effects on sucrose self-administration. We found that 50 mg/kg MC-100093 attenuated cue-primed reinstatement of cocaine-seeking while upregulating GLT-1 expression in the nucleus accumbens core. This dose did not produce sedation, nor did it decrease sucrose consumption or body weight. Thus, MC-100093 represents a potential treatment to reduce cocaine relapse. Significance Statement Increasing GLT-1 activity reliably reduces drug-seeking across classes of drugs, however, existing GLT1-enhancers have side effects and lack oral bioavailability. To address this issue, novel GLT-1 enhancers were synthesized and the compound with the most favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, MC-100093, was selected for further testing. MC-100093 attenuated cued cocaine-seeking without reducing food-seeking or locomotion and upregulated GLT-1 expression in the nucleus accumbens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lizhen Wu
- Psychology, University of Florida, United States
| | | | | | - John Gordon
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, United States
| | | | - Paul Dunman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, United States
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Li JG, Chiu J, Ramanjulu M, Blass BE, Praticò D. A pharmacological chaperone improves memory by reducing Aβ and tau neuropathology in a mouse model with plaques and tangles. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:1. [PMID: 31964406 PMCID: PMC6975032 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) is a major component of the retromer complex system, an ubiquitous multiprotein assembly responsible for sorting and trafficking protein cargos out of the endosomes. VPS35 can regulate APP metabolism and Aβ formation, and its levels are reduced in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. We and others demonstrated that VPS35 genetic manipulation modulates the phenotype of mouse models of AD. However, the translational value of this observation remains to be investigated. Methods Triple transgenic mice were randomized to receive a pharmacological chaperone, which stabilizes the retromer complex, and the effect on their AD-like phenotype assessed. Results Compared with controls, treated mice had a significant improvement in learning and memory, an elevation of VPS35 levels, and improved synaptic integrity. Additionally, the same animals had a significant decrease in Aβ levels and deposition, reduced tau phosphorylation and less astrocytes activation. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the enhancement of retromer function by pharmacological chaperones is a potentially novel and viable therapy against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Li
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jin Chiu
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Mercy Ramanjulu
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Benjamin E Blass
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB, suite 1160, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Blass BE, Iyer P, Abou-Gharbia M, Childers WE, Gordon JC, Ramanjulu M, Morton G, Arumugam P, Boruwa J, Ellingboe J, Mitra S, Reddy Nimmareddy R, Paliwal S, Rajasekhar J, Shivakumar S, Srivastava P, Tangirala RS, Venkataramanaiah K, Bobbala R, Yanamandra M, Krishnakanth Reddy L. Design and synthesis of functionalized piperazin-1yl-(E)-stilbenes as inhibitors of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase (Cyp17). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2270-2274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abou-Gharbia M, Blass B, Childers W, Ramanjulu M, Melenski E. Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1): a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of central nervous system diseases and disorders. DRUG FUTURE 2017. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2017.042.08.2658258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hulme C, Mathew R, Moriarty K, Miller B, Ramanjulu M, Cox P, Souness J, Page KM, Uhl J, Travis J, Labaudiniere R, Huang F, Djuric SW. Orally active indole N-oxide PDE4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3053-8. [PMID: 9873675 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This communication describes the synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel potent series of phosphodiesterase type (IV) (PDE4) inhibitors. Several of the compounds presented possess low nanomolar IC50's for PDE4 inhibition and excellent in vivo activity for inhibition of TNF-alpha levels in LPS challenged mice (mouse endotoxemia model). Emesis studies (dog) and efficacy in a SCW arthritis model for the most potent PDE4 inhibitors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hulme
- Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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Hulme C, Moriarty K, Miller B, Mathew R, Ramanjulu M, Cox P, Souness J, Page KM, Uhl J, Travis J, Huang FC, Labaudiniere R, Djuric SW. The synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of indole PDE4 inhibitors I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:1867-72. [PMID: 9873449 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This communication describes the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a novel potent series of phosphodiesterase type (IV) (PDE4) inhibitors. The compounds described contain an indole moiety which replaces the 'rolipram-like' 3-methoxy-4-cyclopentoxy motif. Several of the compounds presented possess low nanomolar IC50's for PDEIV inhibition. In vivo activities determined from measurement of serum TNF-alpha levels in LPS challenged mice (mouse endotoxemia model) are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hulme
- Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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