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Auster ME, Janania Martinez M, Blaize JP, Djoufack Djoumessi LR, Warnecke B, Pandya A, Lathrop KI. Assessing the demographics of fertility preservation discussions in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.29_suppl.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
135 Background: Young adults undergoing cancer treatment often face increased risk of infertility. Despite current ASCO guidelines recommending prompt fertility preservation education, knowledge about prevalence and barriers to oncofertility care is lacking. This is particularly true for patients in medically underserved and minority communities. This study sought to characterize the utilization of oncofertility counseling in a major Hispanic serving institution. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed at the University of Texas Mays Cancer Center San Antonio and included patients diagnosed with testicular, early stage breast cancer or leukemia/lymphoma between age 18-40 from 2015-2019. Demographic data including ethnicity, race, funding, zip code were collected. Chart reviewed determined if fertility counseling was provided and which patients elected for oncofertility treatments. Results: Of 304 evaluable patients, only 120 had documented fertility discussions. There was no significant difference in the odds of counseling between gender, funding, or race. However, the odds of receiving fertility discussions was higher in non-Hispanic whites compared to Hispanic whites with an odds ratio of 1.94 (P value of 0.032). For those who opted for fertility treatment there was no statistically significant difference between diagnosis, race, ethnicity, or payment status. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates oncofertility discussions occur in a relatively small proportion of eligible patients. Additionally, patients who self -identify as Hispanic were less likely to receive fertility discussions. This study demonstrates that more research is necessary to evaluate the barriers to fertility discussion and treatment, and how these barriers result in decreased oncofertility education in Hispanic young adults with curable malignancies. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Auster
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | | | | | | | - Brian Warnecke
- University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Abhishek Pandya
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Kate Ida Lathrop
- The University of Texas San Antonio Mays Cancer Center, San Antonio, TX
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2
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Tellechea A, Leal EC, Kafanas A, Auster ME, Kuchibhotla S, Ostrovsky Y, Tecilazich F, Baltzis D, Zheng Y, Carvalho E, Zabolotny JM, Weng Z, Petra A, Patel A, Panagiotidou S, Pradhan-Nabzdyk L, Theoharides TC, Veves A. Mast Cells Regulate Wound Healing in Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:2006-19. [PMID: 27207516 PMCID: PMC4915574 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulceration is a severe complication of diabetes that lacks effective treatment. Mast cells (MCs) contribute to wound healing, but their role in diabetes skin complications is poorly understood. Here we show that the number of degranulated MCs is increased in unwounded forearm and foot skin of patients with diabetes and in unwounded dorsal skin of diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Conversely, postwounding MC degranulation increases in nondiabetic mice, but not in diabetic mice. Pretreatment with the MC degranulation inhibitor disodium cromoglycate rescues diabetes-associated wound-healing impairment in mice and shifts macrophages to the regenerative M2 phenotype (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, nondiabetic and diabetic mice deficient in MCs have delayed wound healing compared with their wild-type (WT) controls, implying that some MC mediator is needed for proper healing. MCs are a major source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mouse skin, but the level of VEGF is reduced in diabetic mouse skin, and its release from human MCs is reduced in hyperglycemic conditions. Topical treatment with the MC trigger substance P does not affect wound healing in MC-deficient mice, but improves it in WT mice. In conclusion, the presence of nondegranulated MCs in unwounded skin is required for proper wound healing, and therapies inhibiting MC degranulation could improve wound healing in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tellechea
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ermelindo C Leal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonios Kafanas
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael E Auster
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarada Kuchibhotla
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yana Ostrovsky
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Dimitrios Baltzis
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eugénia Carvalho
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Janice M Zabolotny
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zuyi Weng
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Anastasia Petra
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Arti Patel
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Smaro Panagiotidou
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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3
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Quinn KP, Leal EC, Tellechea A, Kafanas A, Auster ME, Veves A, Georgakoudi I. Diabetic Wounds Exhibit Distinct Microstructural and Metabolic Heterogeneity through Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:342-344. [PMID: 26763462 PMCID: PMC4731029 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Ermelindo C Leal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana Tellechea
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonios Kafanas
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael E Auster
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Irene Georgakoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Icli B, Nabzdyk CS, Lujan-Hernandez J, Cahill M, Auster ME, Wara AKM, Sun X, Ozdemir D, Giatsidis G, Orgill DP, Feinberg MW. Regulation of impaired angiogenesis in diabetic dermal wound healing by microRNA-26a. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 91:151-9. [PMID: 26776318 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a physiological reparative response to injury and a well-orchestrated process that involves hemostasis, cellular migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix deposition, and wound contraction and re-epithelialization. However, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are frequently afflicted with impaired wound healing that progresses into chronic wounds or diabetic ulcers, and may lead to complications including limb amputation. Herein, we investigate the potential role of microRNA-26a (miR-26a) in a diabetic model of wound healing. Expression of miR-26a is rapidly induced in response to high glucose in endothelial cells (ECs). Punch skin biopsy wounding of db/db mice revealed increased expression of miR-26a (~3.5-fold) four days post-wounding compared to that of WT mice. Local administration of a miR-26a inhibitor, LNA-anti-miR-26a, induced angiogenesis (up to ~80%), increased granulation tissue thickness (by 2.5-fold) and accelerated wound closure (53% after nine days) compared to scrambled anti-miR controls in db/db mice. These effects were independent of altered M1/M2 macrophage ratios. Mechanistically, inhibition of miR-26a increased its target gene SMAD1 in ECs nine days post-wounding of diabetic mice. In addition, high glucose reduced activity of the SMAD1-3'-UTR. Diabetic dermal wounds treated with LNA-anti-miR-26a had increased expression of ID1, a downstream modulator or SMAD1, and decreased expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27. These findings establish miR-26a as an important regulator on the progression of skin wounds of diabetic mice by specifically regulating the angiogenic response after injury, and demonstrate that neutralization of miR-26a may serve as a novel approach for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Icli
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Christoph S Nabzdyk
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Jorge Lujan-Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Meghan Cahill
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Michael E Auster
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - A K M Wara
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Denizhan Ozdemir
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Giorgio Giatsidis
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Dennis P Orgill
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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5
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Tellechea A, Silva EA, Min J, Leal EC, Auster ME, Pradhan-Nabzdyk L, Shih W, Mooney DJ, Veves A. Alginate and DNA Gels Are Suitable Delivery Systems for Diabetic Wound Healing. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2015; 14:146-53. [PMID: 26032947 DOI: 10.1177/1534734615580018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) represent a severe health problem and an unmet clinical challenge. In this study, we tested the efficacy of novel biomaterials in improving wound healing in mouse models of diabetes mellitus (DM). The biomaterials are composed of alginate- and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based gels that allow incorporation of effector cells, such as outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC), and provide sustained release of bioactive factors, such as neuropeptides and growth factors, which have been previously validated in experimental models of DM wound healing or hind limb ischemia. We tested these biomaterials in mice and demonstrate that they are biocompatible and can be injected into the wound margins without major adverse effects. In addition, we show that the combination of OEC and the neuropeptide Substance P has a better healing outcome than the delivery of OEC alone, while subtherapeutic doses of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are required for the transplanted cells to exert their beneficial effects in wound healing. In summary, alginate and DNA scaffolds could serve as potential delivery systems for the next-generation DFU therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tellechea
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jianghong Min
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ermelindo C Leal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael E Auster
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - William Shih
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Leal EC, Carvalho E, Tellechea A, Kafanas A, Tecilazich F, Kearney C, Kuchibhotla S, Auster ME, Kokkotou E, Mooney DJ, LoGerfo FW, Pradhan-Nabzdyk L, Veves A. Substance P promotes wound healing in diabetes by modulating inflammation and macrophage phenotype. Am J Pathol 2015; 185:1638-48. [PMID: 25871534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulceration is a major complication of diabetes. Substance P (SP) is involved in wound healing, but its effect in diabetic skin wounds is unclear. We examined the effect of exogenous SP delivery on diabetic mouse and rabbit wounds. We also studied the impact of deficiency in SP or its receptor, neurokinin-1 receptor, on wound healing in mouse models. SP treatment improved wound healing in mice and rabbits, whereas the absence of SP or its receptor impaired wound progression in mice. Moreover, SP bioavailability in diabetic skin was reduced as SP gene expression was decreased, whereas the gene expression and protein levels of the enzyme that degrades SP, neutral endopeptidase, were increased. Diabetes and SP deficiency were associated with absence of an acute inflammatory response important for wound healing progression and instead revealed a persistent inflammation throughout the healing process. SP treatment induced an acute inflammatory response, which enabled the progression to the proliferative phase and modulated macrophage activation toward the M2 phenotype that promotes wound healing. In conclusion, SP treatment reverses the chronic proinflammatory state in diabetic skin and promotes healing of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermelindo C Leal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Carvalho
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Tellechea
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonios Kafanas
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francesco Tecilazich
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cathal Kearney
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeon's in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarada Kuchibhotla
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael E Auster
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Efi Kokkotou
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David J Mooney
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank W LoGerfo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Aristidis Veves
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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7
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Dushay JR, Tecilazich F, Kafanas A, Magargee ML, Auster ME, Gnardellis C, Dinh T, Veves A. Aliskiren improves vascular smooth muscle function in the skin microcirculation of type 2 diabetic patients with normal renal function. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2013; 16:344-52. [PMID: 23670354 DOI: 10.1177/1470320313489060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to study the effect of aliskiren on metabolic parameters and micro- and macrovascular reactivity in individuals diagnosed with or at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 47 T2DM and 41 at-risk individuals in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. All subjects were treated with 150 mg aliskiren or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Twenty-six (55%) of T2DM and four (8%) at-risk subjects were also treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. RESULTS Aliskiren treatment was associated with improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and endothelium-independent vasodilation at the skin microcirculation in those with T2DM but not in those at risk. There were no incidences of hypotension and no significant changes in serum potassium or creatinine levels with aliskiren treatment in either study group. CONCLUSIONS Aliskiren improves blood pressure and vascular smooth muscle function in the skin microcirculation of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody R Dushay
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA
| | | | - Antonios Kafanas
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and Microcirculation Laboratory, USA
| | - Mary L Magargee
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and Microcirculation Laboratory, USA
| | - Michael E Auster
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and Microcirculation Laboratory, USA
| | | | - Thanh Dinh
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and Microcirculation Laboratory, USA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and Microcirculation Laboratory, USA
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Tellechea A, Kafanas A, Leal EC, Tecilazich F, Kuchibhotla S, Auster ME, Kontoes I, Paolino J, Carvalho E, Nabzdyk LP, Veves A. Increased skin inflammation and blood vessel density in human and experimental diabetes. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2013; 12:4-11. [PMID: 23446362 DOI: 10.1177/1534734612474303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is associated with impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Using immunohistochemistry techniques, the authors investigated changes in skin inflammation and skin blood vessels in human and experimental diabetes. Comparing to the non-DM human subjects, the total number of inflammatory cells per biopsy and the number of inflammatory cells around blood vessels, a strong indication of inflammation, were higher in DM subjects irrespective of their risk for developing diabetic foot ulcer. Inflammatory cell infiltration was robustly increased in all DM animal models compared with their non-DM controls. The number and density of blood vessels and CD31 positive proliferating endothelial cells around preexisting skin vessels was also higher in the DM patients. However, there were no differences in the skin blood flow between the non-DM and DM subjects. The number of skin blood vessels was also increased in the DM animals; however, these differences were less obvious than the ones observed for inflammatory cells. We conclude that skin inflammation and skin blood vessel density is increased in diabetic human subjects and in rodent and rabbit models of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tellechea
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Bonab AA, Fricchione JG, Gorantla S, Vitalo AG, Auster ME, Levine SJ, Scichilone JM, Hegde M, Foote W, Fricchione GL, Denninger JW, Yarmush DM, Fischman AJ, Yarmush ML, Levine JB. Isolation rearing significantly perturbs brain metabolism in the thalamus and hippocampus. Neuroscience 2012; 223:457-64. [PMID: 22835621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial neglect during childhood severely impairs both behavioral and physical health. The isolation rearing model in rodents has been employed by our group and others to study this clinical problem at a basic level. We previously showed that immediate early gene (IEG) expression in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is decreased in isolation-reared (IR) compared to group-reared (GR) rats. In the current study, we sought to evaluate: (1) whether these changes in IEG expression would be detected by the measurement of brain glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and (2) whether PET FDG could illuminate other brain regions with different glucose metabolism in IR compared to GR rats. We found that there were significant differences in FDG uptake in the hippocampus that were consistent with our findings for IEG expression (decreased mean FDG uptake in IR rats). In contrast, in the mPFC, the FDG uptake between IR and GR rats did not differ. Finally, we found decreased mean FDG uptake in the thalamus of the IR rats, a region we had not previously examined. The results suggest that PET FDG has the potential to be utilized as a biomarker of molecular changes in the hippocampus. Further, the differences found in thalamic brain FDG uptake suggest that further investigation of this region at the molecular and cellular levels may provide an important insight into the neurobiological basis of the adverse clinical outcomes found in children exposed to psychosocial deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Bonab
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
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