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Olbrich M, Bartels L, Wohlers I. Sequencing technologies and hardware-accelerated parallel computing transform computational genomics research. Front Bioinform 2024; 4:1384497. [PMID: 38567256 PMCID: PMC10985184 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2024.1384497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University for Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lennart Bartels
- Biomolecular Data Science in Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Inken Wohlers
- Biomolecular Data Science in Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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2
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Thomsen M, Künstner A, Wohlers I, Olbrich M, Lenfers T, Osumi T, Shimazaki Y, Nishifuji K, Ibrahim SM, Watson A, Busch H, Hirose M. A comprehensive analysis of gut and skin microbiota in canine atopic dermatitis in Shiba Inu dogs. Microbiome 2023; 11:232. [PMID: 37864204 PMCID: PMC10590023 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like its human counterpart, canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a chronic relapsing condition; thus, most cAD-affected dogs will require lifelong treatment to maintain an acceptable quality of life. A potential intervention is modulation of the composition of gut microbiota, and in fact, probiotic treatment has been proposed and tried in human atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Since dogs are currently receiving intensive medical care, this will be the same option for dogs, while evidence of gut dysbiosis in cAD is still missing, although skin microbial profiling in cAD has been conducted in several studies. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of both gut and skin microbiota in cAD in one specific cAD-predisposed breed, Shiba Inu. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of commonly used medical management on cAD (Janus kinase; JAK inhibitor, oclacitinib) on the gut and skin microbiota. Furthermore, we genotyped the Shiba Inu dogs according to the mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and assessed its association with the composition of the gut microbiota. RESULTS Staphylococcus was the most predominant bacterial genus observed in the skin; Escherichia/Shigella and Clostridium sensu stricto were highly abundant in the gut of cAD-affected dogs. In the gut microbiota, Fusobacteria and Megamonas were highly abundant in healthy dogs but significantly reduced in cAD-affected dogs. The abundance of these bacterial taxa was positively correlated with the effect of the treatment and state of the disease. Oclacitinib treatment on cAD-affected dogs shifted the composition of microbiota towards that in healthy dogs, and the latter brought it much closer to healthy microbiota, particularly in the gut. Additionally, even within the same dog breed, the mtDNA haplogroup varied, and there was an association between the mtDNA haplogroup and microbial composition in the gut and skin. CONCLUSIONS Dysbiosis of both the skin and the gut was observed in cAD in Shiba Inu dogs. Our findings provide a basis for the potential treatment of cAD by manipulating the gut microbiota as well as the skin microbiota. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Thomsen
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inken Wohlers
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Biomolecular Data Science in Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 1-40, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Michael Olbrich
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Tim Lenfers
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Takafumi Osumi
- Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yotaro Shimazaki
- Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Koji Nishifuji
- Division of Animal Life Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- College of Medical and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Shakhbout Bin Sultan Street, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Adrian Watson
- Royal Canin SAS, 650 avenue de la Petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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3
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Calonga-Solís V, Olbrich M, Ott F, Adelman Cipolla G, Malheiros D, Künstner A, Farias TD, Camargo CM, Petzl-Erler ML, Busch H, Fähnrich A, Augusto DG. The landscape of the immunoglobulin repertoire in endemic pemphigus foliaceus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1189251. [PMID: 37575223 PMCID: PMC10421657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1189251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primarily driven by autoreactive B cells, pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an uncommon autoimmune blistering skin disease of sporadic occurrence worldwide. However, PF reaches a prevalence of 3% in the endemic areas of Brazil, the highest ever registered for any autoimmune disease, which indicates environmental factors influencing the immune response in susceptible individuals. We aimed to provide insights into the immune repertoire of patients with PF living in the endemic region of the disease, compared to healthy individuals from the endemic region and a non-endemic area. Methods We characterized the B-cell repertoire in i) nontreated patients (n=5); ii) patients under immunosuppressive treatment (n=5); iii) patients in remission without treatment (n=6); and two control groups iv) from the endemic (n=6) and v) non-endemic areas in Brazil (n=4). We used total RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and performed a comprehensive characterization of the variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) in IgG and IgM using next-generation sequencing. Results Compared to individuals from a different area, we observed remarkably lower clonotype diversity in the B-cell immune repertoire of patients and controls from the endemic area (p < 0.02), suggesting that the immune repertoire in the endemic area is under geographically specific and intense environmental pressure. Moreover, we observed longer CDR3 sequences in patients, and we identified differential disease-specific usage of IGHV segments, including increased IGHV3-30 and decreased IGHV3-23 in patients with active disease (p < 0.04). Finally, our robust network analysis discovered clusters of CDR3 sequences uniquely observed in patients with PF. Discussion Our results indicate that environmental factors, in addition to disease state, impact the characteristics of the repertoire. Our findings can be applied to further investigation of the environmental factors that trigger pemphigus and expand the knowledge for identifying new targeted and more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Calonga-Solís
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Olbrich
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Ott
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Danielle Malheiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ticiana D.J. Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carolina M. Camargo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Danillo G. Augusto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
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4
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Olbrich M, Künstner A, Busch H. MBECS: Microbiome Batch Effects Correction Suite. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:182. [PMID: 37138207 PMCID: PMC10155362 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of batch effect correcting algorithms (BECA), no comprehensive tool that combines batch correction and evaluation of the results exists for microbiome datasets. This work outlines the Microbiome Batch Effects Correction Suite development that integrates several BECAs and evaluation metrics into a software package for the statistical computation framework R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Axel Künstner
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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5
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Olbrich M, Ernst AL, Beltsiou F, Bieber K, Ständer S, Harder M, Anemüller W, Köhler B, Zillikens D, Busch H, Künstner A, Ludwig RJ. Biodiversity of mycobial communities in health and onychomycosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8872. [PMID: 35614121 PMCID: PMC9133011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Onychomycosis (OM) is a common fungal nail infection. Based on the rich mycobial diversity in healthy toenails, we speculated that this is lost in OM due to the predominance of a single pathogen. We used next generation sequencing to obtain insights into the biodiversity of fungal communities in both healthy individuals and OM patients. By sequencing, a total of 338 operational-taxonomic units were found in OM patients and healthy controls. Interestingly, a classifier distinguished three distinct subsets: healthy controls and two groups within OM patients with either a low or high abundance of Trichophyton. Diversity per sample was decreased in controls compared to cases with low Trichophyton abundance (LTA), while cases with a high Trichophyton abundance (HTA) showed a lower diversity. Variation of mycobial communities between the samples showed shifts in the community structure between cases and controls—mainly driven by HTA cases. Indeed, LTA cases had a fungal β-diversity undistinguishable from that of healthy controls. Collectively, our data provides an in-depth characterization of fungal diversity in health and OM. Our findings also suggest that onychomycosis develops either through pathogen-driven mechanisms, i.e., in HTA cases, or through host and/or environmental factors, i.e., in cases with a low Trichophyton abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anna Lara Ernst
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Foteini Beltsiou
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Bieber
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sascha Ständer
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Waltraud Anemüller
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Birgit Köhler
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany. .,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Axel Künstner
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany. .,Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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6
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Schilf P, Künstner A, Olbrich M, Waschina S, Fuchs B, Galuska CE, Braun A, Neuschütz K, Seutter M, Bieber K, Hellberg L, Sina C, Laskay T, Rupp J, Ludwig RJ, Zillikens D, Busch H, Sadik CD, Hirose M, Ibrahim SM. A Mitochondrial Polymorphism Alters Immune Cell Metabolism and Protects Mice from Skin Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031006. [PMID: 33498298 PMCID: PMC7863969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several genetic variants in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), including ancient polymorphisms, are associated with chronic inflammatory conditions, but investigating the functional consequences of such mtDNA polymorphisms in humans is challenging due to the influence of many other polymorphisms in both mtDNA and the nuclear genome (nDNA). Here, using the conplastic mouse strain B6-mtFVB, we show that in mice, a maternally inherited natural mutation (m.7778G > T) in the mitochondrially encoded gene ATP synthase 8 (mt-Atp8) of complex V impacts on the cellular metabolic profile and effector functions of CD4+ T cells and induces mild changes in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex activities. These changes culminated in significantly lower disease susceptibility in two models of inflammatory skin disease. Our findings provide experimental evidence that a natural variation in mtDNA influences chronic inflammatory conditions through alterations in cellular metabolism and the systemic metabolic profile without causing major dysfunction in the OXPHOS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schilf
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
| | - Axel Künstner
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Michael Olbrich
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
| | - Silvio Waschina
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Beate Fuchs
- Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Core Facility Metabolomics, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (B.F.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Christina E. Galuska
- Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Core Facility Metabolomics, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (B.F.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Anne Braun
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.); (D.Z.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Kerstin Neuschütz
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
| | - Malte Seutter
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.); (D.Z.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Katja Bieber
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
| | - Lars Hellberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (L.H.); (T.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany;
| | - Tamás Laskay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (L.H.); (T.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (L.H.); (T.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Ralf J. Ludwig
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.); (D.Z.); (C.D.S.)
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christian D. Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (A.B.); (M.S.); (D.Z.); (C.D.S.)
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Misa Hirose
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.O.); (K.N.); (K.B.); (R.J.L.); (H.B.)
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, UAE
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.M.I.)
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7
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Wohlers I, Künstner A, Munz M, Olbrich M, Fähnrich A, Calonga-Solís V, Ma C, Hirose M, El-Mosallamy S, Salama M, Busch H, Ibrahim S. An integrated personal and population-based Egyptian genome reference. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4719. [PMID: 32948767 PMCID: PMC7501257 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A small number of de novo assembled human genomes have been reported to date, and few have been complemented with population-based genetic variation, which is particularly important for North Africa, a region underrepresented in current genome-wide references. Here, we combine long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing data with recent assembly approaches into a de novo assembly of an Egyptian genome. The assembly demonstrates well-balanced quality metrics and is complemented with variant phasing via linked reads into haploblocks, which we associate with gene expression changes in blood. To construct an Egyptian genome reference, we identify genome-wide genetic variation within a cohort of 110 Egyptian individuals. We show that differences in allele frequencies and linkage disequilibrium between Egyptians and Europeans may compromise the transferability of European ancestry-based genetic disease risk and polygenic scores, substantiating the need for multi-ethnic genome references. Thus, the Egyptian genome reference will be a valuable resource for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inken Wohlers
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Munz
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Olbrich
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Verónica Calonga-Solís
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Caixia Ma
- Novogene (UK) Company Limited, 25 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, CB4 0FW, Cambridge, UK
| | - Misa Hirose
- Genetics Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Shaaban El-Mosallamy
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Mansoura University, Elgomhouria St., Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Mansoura University, Elgomhouria St., Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, The American University in Cairo, AUC avenue, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- Genetics Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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8
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Olbrich M, Künstner A, Witte M, Busch H, Fähnrich A. Genetics and Omics Analysis of Autoimmune Skin Blistering Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2327. [PMID: 31749790 PMCID: PMC6843061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) of the skin are characterized by autoantibodies against different intra-/extracellular structures within the epidermis and at the basement membrane zone (BMZ). Binding of the antibodies to their target antigen leads to inflammation at the respective binding site and degradation of these structures, resulting in the separation of the affected skin layers. Clinically, blistering, erythema and lesions of the skin and/or mucous membranes can be observed. Based on the localization of the autoantigen, AIBDs can be divided into pemphigus (intra-epidermal blistering diseases) and pemphigoid diseases (sub-epidermal blistering diseases), respectively. Although autoantigens have been extensively characterized, the underlying causes that trigger the diseases are still poorly understood. Besides the environment, genetic factors seem to play an important role in a predisposition to AIBDs. Here, we review currently known genetic and immunological mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of AIBDs. Among the most commonly encountered genetic predispositions for AIBDs are the HLA gene region, and deleterious mutations of key genes for the immune system. Particularly, HLA class II genes such as the HLA-DR and HLA-DQ alleles have been shown to be prevalent in patients. This has prompted further epidemiological studies as well as unbiased Omics approaches on the transcriptome, microbiome, and proteome level to elucidate common and individual genetic risk factors as well as the molecular pathways that lead to the pathogenesis of AIBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mareike Witte
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Rapp DJ, Haßlinger M, Olbrich M. Investments as key entrepreneurial action: the case of financially distressed target companies. IJEV 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijev.2018.094627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Brandhorst H, Olbrich M, Neumann A, Jahr H, Brandhorst D. Effect of Pretransplant Preconditioning by Whole Body Hyperthermia on Islet Graft Survival. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:707-15. [DOI: 10.3727/000000007783465163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous observations in heat-shocked pig islets revealed the ambivalent character of the stress response simultaneously inducing processes of protection and apoptosis. To clarify whether the proapoptotic character of the stress response is reduced in heat-exposed islets still embedded in their native environment, hyperthermia was performed in the present study either as whole body hyperthermia (WBH) prior to pancreas resection or as in vitro heat shock (HS) after isolation. HS (42°C/45 min) was induced in donors 12 h before isolation (WBH, n = 32) or in freshly isolated islets prior to 12 h of culture at 37°C (in vitro HS, n = 25). Islets continuously incubated at 37°C served as controls (n = 34). Proinflammatory treatment was performed with H2O2, DETA-NO, or a combination of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Quality assessment included islet yield, viability staining, static glucose incubation, and nude mouse transplantation. WBH was significantly less effective than in vitro HS to induce HSP70 overexpression and to increase islet resistance against inflammatory mediators. Although characterized by an unaltered Bax to Bcl-2 ratio, islets subjected to WBH partially failed to restore sustained normoglycemia in diabetic nude mice. The inflammatory response observed in the pancreas of WBH-treated rats was associated with significantly reduced viability that seems to have a higher predictive value for posttransplant outcome compared to islet in vitro function or mitochondrial activity. In contrast, in vitro HS significantly decreased transcript levels of Bcl-2, but did not affect posttransplant function compared to sham-treated islets. These findings suggest that WBH is primarily associated with increased necrosis as a secondary tissue type-specific effect of pancreas damage while in vitro HS mainly induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Brandhorst
- Department of Oncology, Radiology & Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M. Olbrich
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Eilbeck, 22081 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Neumann
- Third Medical Department, University Hospital, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - H. Jahr
- Third Medical Department, University Hospital, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - D. Brandhorst
- Department of Oncology, Radiology & Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
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Olbrich M. Investments as Key Entrepreneurial Action: The Case of Financially Distressed Target Companies. IJEV 2017. [DOI: 10.1504/ijev.2017.10006707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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13
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Rebollar E, Frischauf I, Olbrich M, Peterbauer T, Hering S, Preiner J, Hinterdorfer P, Romanin C, Heitz J. Proliferation of aligned mammalian cells on laser-nanostructured polystyrene. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1796-806. [PMID: 18237776 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/22/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial surface chemistry and nanoscale topography are important for many potential applications in medicine and biotechnology as they strongly influence cell function, adhesion and proliferation. In this work, we present periodic surface structures generated by linearly polarized KrF laser light (248 nm) on polystyrene (PS) foils. These structures have a periodicity of 200-430 nm and a depth of 30-100 nm, depending on the angle of incidence of the laser beam. The changes in surface topography and chemistry were analysed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), advancing water contact-angle measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy using an attenuated total reflection device (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We show that the surface laser modification results in a significantly enhanced adhesion and proliferation of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) compared to the unmodified polymer foil. Furthermore, we report on the alignment of HEK-293 cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells and skeletal myoblasts along the direction of the structures. The results indicate that the presence of nanostructures on the substrates can guide cell alignment along definite directions, and more importantly, in our opinion, that this alignment is only observed when the periodicity is above a critical periodicity value that is cell-type specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rebollar
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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14
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Olbrich M, Punshon G, Frischauf I, Salacinski HJ, Rebollar E, Romanin C, Seifalian AM, Heitz J. UV surface modification of a new nanocomposite polymer to improve cytocompatibility. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2007; 18:453-68. [PMID: 17540119 DOI: 10.1163/156856207780425059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel modified nanocomposite was studied for the adhesion and proliferation of the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) line EA.hy926. The nanocomposite under investigation was poly(carbonate-urea)urethane with silsesquioxane nano-cages, here in the form of a mixture of two polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. The nanocomposite surfaces were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light of a Xe(*)(2)-excimer lamp at a wavelength of 172 nm in an ammonia atmosphere. The effects of the irradiation were characterized by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy (AFM, SEM), X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) using an attenuated total reflection (ATR) device and measurements of advancing water contact angle (CA). The irradiation resulted in the introduction of new hydrophilic N- and O-containing groups into the surface, which was initially amphiphilic, while surface morphology remained mainly unchanged. Slight chemical changes were also observed for the silsesquioxane nano-cages at the surface. Onto the untreated and irradiated samples HUVECs were seeded and grown for various durations in culture. Standard tissue-culture polystyrene (PS) was employed as a positive control to check the efficiency of the cell-culture methods. Viability and proliferation of the cells were then assessed using a non-radioactive assay. Compared to the untreated nanocomposite polymer, irradiation times of at least 5 min resulted in a significantly increased cell proliferation between 3 and 8 days after seeding with the HUVEC line EA.hy926.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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15
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Abstract
Single-step methods for the generation of patterned surfaces on hydrogels are presented. Poly(vinyl alcohol) films covalently bonded on glass cover slips and commercially available hydrogel-coated polystyrene plates were used as cell-repellent surfaces. Cell-adhesive domains were created by spotting dilute solutions of sodium hypochlorite onto the surfaces. Alternatively, domains supporting cell attachment were created by exposure to UV light from a xenon excimer lamp, employing a contact mask. Rat skeletal myoblast cells, HEK 293 human embryonic kidney cells and Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells adhered and spread exclusively on modified areas. The surfaces are durable for weeks under cell culture conditions and re-usable after removal of the cells by trypsin treatment. Arrays of adhesive spots seeded with cells at a low density permitted dynamic monitoring of cell proliferation. Selected colonies can be harvested from the surfaces by means of local trypsination. Thus, these techniques may provide useful tools for the isolation of clonal cell populations. Additionally, we demonstrate the possibility of surface-mediated gene delivery from the micro patterns. We show that DNA, complexed with a lipid reagent, can be adsorbed on modified poly(vinyl alcohol) coatings, resulting in spatially controlled adhesion and reverse transfection of HEK 293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Peterbauer
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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Kidane AG, Punshon G, Salacinski HJ, Ramesh B, Dooley A, Olbrich M, Heitz J, Hamilton G, Seifalian AM. Incorporation of a lauric acid-conjugated GRGDS peptide directly into the matrix of a poly(carbonate-urea)urethane polymer for use in cardiovascular bypass graft applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 79:606-17. [PMID: 16826599 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) was modified by conjugation to lauric acid (LA) to facilitate incorporation into the matrix of a poly(carbonate-urea)urethane (PCU) used in vascular bypass grafts. GRGDS and LA-GRGDS were synthesized using solid phase Fmoc chemistry and characterized by high performance liquid chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. LA-GRGDS was passively coated and incorporated as nanoparticle dispersion on the PCU films. Biocompatibility of the modified surfaces was investigated. Endothelial cells seeded on LA-GRGDS coated and incorporated PCU showed after 48 h and 72 h a significant (p < 0.05) increase in metabolism compared with unmodified PCU. The platelet adhesion and hemolysis studies showed that the modification of PCU had no adverse effect. In conclusion, LA-conjugated RGD derivatives, such as LA-GRGDS, that permit solubility into solvents used in solvent casting methodologies should have wide applicability in polymer development for use in coronary, vascular, and dialysis bypass grafts, and furthermore scaffolds utilized for tissue regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmeret G Kidane
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Centre (BTEC), Academic Division of Surgery & Interventional Sciences, University College London, Hampstead Campus, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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17
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Olbrich M, Betz G, Gerstner E, Langebartels C, Sandermann H, Ernst D. Transcriptome analysis of ozone-responsive genes in leaves of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2005; 7:670-6. [PMID: 16388470 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-873001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed to isolate cDNAs representing genes that are differentially expressed in leaves of Fagus sylvatica upon ozone exposure. 1248 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained from 2 subtractive libraries containing early and late ozone-responsive genes. Sequences of 1139 clones (91 %) matched the EBI/NCBI database entries. For 578 clones, no putative function could be assigned. Most abundant transcripts were O-methyltransferases, representing 7 % of all sequenced clones. ESTs were organized into 12 functional categories according to the MIPS database. Among them, 12 % (early)/15 % (late) were associated with disease and defence, 19/11 % with cell structure, 4/10 % with signal transduction, and 9/6 % with transcription. The expression pattern of selected ESTs (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit [rbcS], WRKY-type transcription factor, ultraviolet-B-repressible protein, aquaporine, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, and pathogenesis-related protein 1 [PR1]) was analysed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) which confirmed changed transcript levels upon ozone treatment of European beech saplings. The ESTs characterized will contribute to a better understanding of forest tree genomics and also to a comparison of ozone-responsive genes in woody and herbaceous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olbrich
- GSF--National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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18
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Mikulikova R, Moritz S, Gumpenberger T, Olbrich M, Romanin C, Bacakova L, Svorcik V, Heitz J. Cell microarrays on photochemically modified polytetrafluoroethylene. Biomaterials 2005; 26:5572-80. [PMID: 15860214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2004] [Accepted: 02/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied the adhesion, proliferation, and viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) on modified spots at polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surfaces. The viability of the cells was assessed using an aqueous non-radioactive cell proliferation assay. Round spots with a diameter of 100 microm were modified by exposure to the ultraviolet (UV) light of a Xe(2)(*)-excimer lamp at a wavelength of 172 nm in an ammonia atmosphere employing a contact mask. The spots were arranged in a quadratic pattern with 300 microm center-to-center spot distances. With optimized degree of modification, the cells adhered to the modified spots with a high degree of selectivity (70-90%). The adhered cells on the spots proliferated. This resulted in a significant increase in the number of adhering HUVECS or HEK cells after seeding and in the formation of confluent cell clusters after 3-4 days. With higher start seeding density, these clusters were not only confined to the modified spots but extended several micrometer to the neighborhood. The high potential of the cell microarrays for gene analysis in living cells was demonstrated with HEK cells transfected by yellow fluorescent protein (YFP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Mikulikova
- Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat exposure of isolated islets enhances resistance against inflammation but decreases islet graft function. In contrast, donor preconditioning by whole-body hyperthermia increases islet ischemic tolerance and improves viability of pancreatic isografts. This study aimed to compare yield, viability, and inflammatory resistance of rat islets subjected to heat shock prior to (pre-HS) or after isolation (post-HS). METHODS Islets were isolated as previously described. HS (42 degrees C/45 min) was induced 12 hours before islet isolation (pre-HS, n = 31) or in freshly isolated islets prior to 12 hours of recovery at 37 degrees C (post-HS, n = 12). Islets continuously incubated at 37 degrees C served as controls (n = 33). Proinflammatory treatment included incubation with 0.05 mmol/L H(2)O(2), 1.0 mmol/L DETA-NO or cytokines (interleukin-1beta + tumor necrosis factoralpha + interferongamma). RESULTS Purified islet yield was 1200 +/- 80 IEQ in unconditioned donors (n = 45) and 980 +/- 80 IEQ after pre-HS (ns). Islet viability was not affected by post-HS, but the glucose stimulation index (P < 0.001, P < 0.01) and formazan production (P < 0.05) were significantly lower compared to pre-HS or sham treatment. The expression of heat shock protein HSP70 in pre-HS islets was slightly higher compared to controls (ns) but lower compared to post-HS islets (P < 0.05), correlating with the resistance against H(2)O(2) and DETA-NO compared to post-HS islets (P < 0.05) or controls (ns). Cytokines did not affect mitochondrial formazan production. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that hyperthermic islet treatment is less harmful if performed in the native pancreatic environment. This beneficial effect is associated with a decreased HSP70 expression resulting in a reduced resistance against inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brandhorst
- Third Medical Department, University Hospital, Giessen, Germany.
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20
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Kuss H, Höfgen N, Egerland U, Heer S, Marx D, Szelenyi I, Schupke H, Gasparic A, Olbrich M, Hempel R, Hartenhauer H, Krone D, Berthold K, Kronbach T, Rundfelt C. AWD 12-281. DRUG FUTURE 2002. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2002.027.02.651710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stoss O, Olbrich M, Hartmann AM, Konig H, Memmott J, Andreadis A, Stamm S. The STAR/GSG family protein rSLM-2 regulates the selection of alternative splice sites. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:8665-73. [PMID: 11118435 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006851200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified the rat Sam68-like mammalian protein (rSLM-2), a member of the STAR (signal transduction and activation of RNA) protein family as a novel splicing regulatory protein. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, coimmunoprecipitations, and pull-down assays, we demonstrate that rSLM-2 interacts with various proteins involved in the regulation of alternative splicing, among them the serine/arginine-rich protein SRp30c, the splicing-associated factor YT521-B and the scaffold attachment factor B. rSLM-2 can influence the splicing pattern of the CD44v5, human transformer-2beta and tau minigenes in cotransfection experiments. This effect can be reversed by rSLM-2-interacting proteins. Employing rSLM-2 deletion variants, gel mobility shift assays, and linker scan mutations of the CD44 minigene, we show that the rSLM-2-dependent inclusion of exon v5 of the CD44 pre-mRNA is dependent on a short purine-rich sequence. Because the related protein of rSLM-2, Sam68, is believed to play a role as an adapter protein during signal transduction, we postulate that rSLM-2 is a link between signal transduction pathways and pre-mRNA processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Stoss
- Max-Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-82152 Martinsried, the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Genetik, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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22
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Olbrich M. [20 years of ambulatory pediatric care in Germany--development and current situation]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1999; 18:462-6. [PMID: 10693442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Olbrich
- Lehrgangsleitung Ambulante Kinderkrankenpflege, Frankfurt/Main
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23
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Olbrich M. [Introduction to continuing education in "ambulatory pediatric nursing"]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1998; 17:251-6. [PMID: 9678015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Olbrich
- Lehrgangsleitung Ambulante Kinderkrankenpflege, Frankfurt
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Lavrenko P, Yevlampieva N, Okatova O, Kolbina G, Olbrich M. Temperature-influenced ordering of mesogens in comb-like liquid-crystalline poly(methylsiloxane) macromolecules with side groups consisting of “phenyl benzoate” moieties in solution. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.1997.021981121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Olbrich M. [The Professional Association for Pediatric Nurses in interview. Profiles in pediatric nursing--personalities and challenges]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1996; 15:377. [PMID: 8932055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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26
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Olbrich M. [Ambulatory pediatric care--possibilities and limits]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1996; 15:314-7. [PMID: 8852132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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27
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Veith M, Olbrich M, Shihua W, Huch V. Tin–carbon bond formation by simple addition of cyclic dienes to a bis(amino)stannylene: a mechanistic study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9960000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Geisthövel F, Olbrich M, Frorath B, Thiemann M, Weitzell R. Obesity and hypertestosteronaemia are independently and synergistically associated with elevated insulin concentrations and dyslipidaemia in pre-menopausal women. Hum Reprod 1994; 9:610-6. [PMID: 8046011 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of obesity and hypertestosteronaemia with elevated insulin concentration and dyslipidaemia was studied in 15 non-obese and 15 obese, hypertestosteronaemia patients; 14 non-obese and 10 obese, normotestosteronaemic subjects served as controls. Data were subjected to multivariate analysis. Enhanced body mass index (BMI kg/m2) resulted in a significant elevation of basal insulin (b-Ins), glucose-stimulated (delta) insulin (del-Ins), triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and LDL/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, and in a significant reduction of HDL. Furthermore, it was shown that BMI was positively correlated with TG, VLDL, LDL and LDH/HLD ratio, and negatively correlated with HDL in the normotestosteronaemic groups. Hypertestosteronaemia was associated with a significant increase of del-Ins, VLDL and LDL/HDL ratio, and with a significant decrease of HDL concentration. Testosterone was directly associated with del-Ins and LDL/HDL ratio, and inversely related to HDL in the non-obese groups. Summation effects of obesity and hypertestosteronaemia were found for del-Ins and VLDL. The data suggest that obesity and hypertestosteronaemia are independently and jointly associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, indicating an increased risk for coronary heart disease. The highest risk rate was found in obese hypertestosteronaemic patients. Serum testosterone may be a useful marker in detecting metabolic disorders connected with cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Geisthövel
- Institute of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
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29
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Olbrich M. [Pediatric nursing in the home]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1994; 13:43-5. [PMID: 8136259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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30
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Olbrich M. [Introduction to the continuing education course--"Home Pediatric Nursing"]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1993; 12:44-5. [PMID: 8457438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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31
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Olbrich M. [Child neglect--experiences from home nursing]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1991; 10:226-8. [PMID: 1931684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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32
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Olbrich M. [Mobile pediatric nursing in Frankfurt on the Main--10-year development]. Kinderkrankenschwester 1990; 9:140-2. [PMID: 2383496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Ehwald R, Fuhr G, Olbrich M, Göring H, Knösche R, Kleine R. Chromatography based on membrane separation with vesicular packing material. Chromatographia 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02260677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Pediatric nursing at home]. Krankenpfl J 1989; 27:33-6. [PMID: 2811265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Olbrich M. [Mobile pediatric nursing. Provisional care and educational aid for families in special stress situations]. Dtsch Krankenpflegez 1989; 42:528-9. [PMID: 2518193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Olbrich M. [Mobile pediatric care. Experiences with home pediatric nursing in Frankfurt]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1988; 42:216-9. [PMID: 3131581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Schneweis KE, Brado M, Ebers B, Friedrich A, Olbrich M, Schüler W. Immunological mechanisms giving rise to latency of herpes simplex virus in the spinal ganglia of the mouse. Med Microbiol Immunol 1987; 177:1-8. [PMID: 2828899 DOI: 10.1007/bf00190305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the model of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infection of mice, early latency could be induced by passive immunization with HSV-specific antibodies and, to a lesser degree, by adoptive transfer of immune lymphocytes prepared from spleen and draining lymph nodes of genitally infected syngeneic mice. Conversely, spontaneously occurring latency was inhibited by treatment of the animals with cyclophosphamide (Cph) and, to a lesser degree, with cyclosporin A (CyA). Whereas the effect of CyA could be compensated by passively administered HSV-specific antibodies, that of Cph could not. Apparently specific antibodies cooperate with a non-specific proliferating cell type, probably macrophages and/or NK-cells, as could be demonstrated by significantly reduced antibody effect in silica-treated mice. Moreover, F(ab)2 fragments, in contrast to complete antibody molecules, were inactive. HSV-specific antibodies and also immune lymphocytes had little effect on virus production in the mucous membranes, immune lymphocytes being at least as active as antibodies. It is therefore not probable that latency is induced by attenuation of the peripheral disease. It can rather be concluded that the neuron itself is the target for the action of specific antibodies, cooperating in turn with macrophages and/or NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Schneweis
- Institut für Med. Mikrobiologie und Immunologie der Universität, Bonn Federal Republic of Germany
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Schneweis KE, Forstbauer H, Olbrich M, Tag M. Pathogenesis of genital herpes simplex virus infection in mice. III. Comparison of the virulence of wild and mutant strains. Med Microbiol Immunol 1984; 173:187-96. [PMID: 6096684 DOI: 10.1007/bf02122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to establish the role of virulence of various herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains in the course of infection when applying the virus to the non-injured mucous membranes of mice. Wild-type HSV-type 1 (HSV-1) strains with marked differences in their neurovirulence following intracerebral inoculation showed minor differences in virulence after vaginal inoculation, but essentially their neurovirulence in cerebral infection corresponded to their virulence on the mucous membranes. In comparison with the wild-types, however, there were pronounced differences among syn- and TK--mutants of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the degree of virulence at different sites in the course of virus infection. Whereas syn-mutants proved avirulent on the mucous membranes but not in neural tissues, TK--mutants were avirulent both on mucous membranes and in neural tissues. Ts-mutants of HSV-2 were not found to establish themselves when administered to the non-injured mucous membranes, nor did they induce neutralizing antibodies, but a later challenge with the wild-type virus at the same site lead only to an attenuated course of infection.
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Schneweis KE, Olbrich M, Saftig V, Scholz R. Effects of genetic resistance against Herpes simplex virus in vaginally infected mice. Med Microbiol Immunol 1982; 171:161-9. [PMID: 6186900 DOI: 10.1007/bf02123624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to take the conditions of natural Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection into consideration, the genetic resistance of C57-Bl mice, which was established by intraperitoneal HSV-1 infection [Lopez, 1975], was investigated in vaginally infected mice. The course of infection in the mucous membranes did not differ in sensitive (NMRI) and resistant (C57-Bl) mice: both number of takes and virus elimination from the vagina were equal, and no difference in viral titer produced in the vagina was detected. Viral titer in the productively infected lumbosacral ganglia, however, was less in the resistant mice. An experiment with foot-pad-infected mice confirmed that the number of productively infected ganglia was reduced in resistant mice, and contralateral ganglia were infected only in the sensitive mouse strain. In spite of this, the number of latently infected animals did not vary significantly in the mouse strains. Higher activity of defense mechanisms in resistant mice, apparently localized in the ganglia, resulted in reduced lethality. As to the mechanisms of the resistance, neither antibody nor interferon response were enhanced in C57-Bl mice, but resistance was abolished by depletion of several cellular functions, i.e., lymphocytes by cyclophosphamide or X-rays, macrophages by silica or macrophage-antiserum, and M-cells by 89Sr.
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Olbrich M. [Worry about the mothers]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1982; 36:311-3. [PMID: 6813567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Olbrich M. [The expanded role of the pediatric nurse: ambulatory pediatric nursing]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1981; 35:394-6. [PMID: 6793780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Olbrich M. [Role of nursing services in community-wide health care system - i.e.: ambulatory child health services]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1980; 34:157-8. [PMID: 6770180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Olbrich M. [What did we learn from the "International Year of the Child"?]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1979; 33:422-4. [PMID: 229334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Mobile pediatric nursing--a professional field with a future]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1977; 31:324-6. [PMID: 200796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Improvement of nursing competence in the changing structure of the health service]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1977; 31:157-8. [PMID: 194099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Ambulatory care of sich children through social service]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1976; 30:286-7. [PMID: 187837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Mobile pediatric care]. Fortschr Med 1975; 93:1433-4, 1460. [PMID: 1225798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Treatment methods of sick children and extent of health care in other countries. Practical standards based on a questionnaire procedure]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1975; 29:233-6. [PMID: 166249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Proposal for the creation of a professional branch of mobile pediatric nurses]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1975; 29:63-4. [PMID: 163405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Olbrich M. [Child and surgery]. Krankenpflege (Frankf) 1974; 28:422-4. [PMID: 4372463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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