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Garcia N, Kim H, Vinod K, Sahoo A, Wax M, Kim T, Fang T, Narayanaswamy V, Wu H, Jiang X. Carbon nanofibers/liquid metal composites for high temperature laser ultrasound. Ultrasonics 2024; 138:107245. [PMID: 38232449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
As the demand for clean energy becomes greater worldwide, there will also be an increasing demand for next generation nuclear power plants that incorporate advanced sensors and monitoring equipment. A major challenge posed by nuclear power plants is that, during normal operation, the reactor compartment is subjected to high operating temperatures and radiation flux. Diagnostic sensors monitoring such structures are also subject to temperatures reaching hundreds of degrees Celsius, which puts them at risk for heat degradation. In this work, the ability of carbon nanofibers to work in conjunction with a liquid metal as a photoacoustic transmitter was demonstrated at high temperatures. Fields metal, a Bi-In-Sn eutectic, and gallium are compared as acoustic mediums. Fields metal was shown experimentally to have superior performance over gallium and other reference cases. Under stimulation from a low fluence 6 ns pulse laser at 6 mJ/cm2 with 532 nm green light, the Fields metal transducer transmitted a 200 kHz longitudinal wave with amplitude >5.5 times that generated by a gallium transducer at 300 °C. Each high temperature test was conducted from a hot to cold progression, beginning as high as 300 °C, and then cooling down to 100 °C. Each test shows increasing signal amplitude of the liquid metal transducers as temperature decreases. Carbon nanofibers show a strong improvement over previously used candle-soot nanoparticles in both their ability to produce strong acoustic signals and absorb higher laser fluences up to 12 mJ/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Garcia
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Howuk Kim
- Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kaushik Vinod
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Abinash Sahoo
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Michael Wax
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | | | - Tiegang Fang
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Venkat Narayanaswamy
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Huaiyu Wu
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
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Wakelee HA, Gettinger S, Engelman J, Jänne PA, West H, Subramaniam DS, Leach J, Wax M, Yaron Y, Miles DR, Lara PN. A phase Ib/II study of cabozantinib (XL184) with or without erlotinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:923-932. [PMID: 28352985 PMCID: PMC5403837 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cabozantinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that targets MET, AXL, and VEGFR2, and may synergize with EGFR inhibition in NSCLC. Cabozantinib was assessed alone or in combination with erlotinib in patients with progressive NSCLC and EGFR mutations who had previously received erlotinib. METHODS This was a phase Ib/II study (NCT00596648). The primary objectives of phase I were to assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics and to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of cabozantinib plus erlotinib in patients who failed prior erlotinib treatment. In phase II, patients with prior response or stable disease with erlotinib who progressed were randomized to single-agent cabozantinib 100 mg qd vs cabozantinib 100 mg qd and erlotinib 50 mg qd (phase I MTD), with a primary objective of estimating objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS Sixty-four patients were treated in phase I. Doses of 100 mg cabozantinib plus 50 mg erlotinib, or 40 mg cabozantinib plus 150 mg erlotinib were determined to be MTDs. Diarrhea was the most frequent dose-limiting toxicity and the most frequent AE (87.5% of patients). The ORR for phase I was 8.2% (90% CI 3.3-16.5). In phase II, one patient in the cabozantinib arm (N = 15) experienced a partial response, for an ORR of 6.7% (90% CI 0.3-27.9), with no responses for cabozantinib plus erlotinib (N = 13). There was no evidence that co-administration of cabozantinib markedly altered erlotinib pharmacokinetics or vice versa. CONCLUSIONS Despite responses with cabozantinib/erlotinib in phase I, there were no responses in the combination arm of phase II in patients with acquired resistance to erlotinib. Cabozantinib did not appear to re-sensitize these patients to erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Wakelee
- Stanford Cancer Institute, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Rm 2233, Stanford, CA, 94305-5826, USA.
| | | | | | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Deepa S Subramaniam
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph Leach
- Park Nicollet Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Wax
- Summit Medical Group, Berkeley Heights, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Primo N Lara
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Petrisor D, Pittman A, Wax M, Steele E, Chamberlain W. Submandibular Gland Transfer in the Treatment of Severe Dry Eye Syndrome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Janne P, Wax M, Leach J, Engelman J. 552 POSTER Targeting MET with XL184 to reverse EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in NSCLC: impact of preclinical studies on clinical trial design. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Pollak A, Blumenfeld H, Wax M, Baughn RL, Whitesides GM. Enzyme immobilization by condensation copolymerization into crosslinked polyacrylamide gels. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00540a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cohen J, Stock M, Chan B, Meininger M, Wax M, Andersen P, Everts E. Microvascular reconstruction and tracheotomy are significant determinants of resource utilization in head and neck surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126:947-9. [PMID: 10922225 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.126.8.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful "critical pathway" design and implementation are dependent on appropriate patient stratification according to those factors that are primary determinants of resource utilization. OBJECTIVES To test the validity of our previously reported critical pathway design and to determine whether tracheotomy and microvascular reconstruction (MR) are primary determinants of resource utilization. DESIGN Cost-effectiveness analysis. SETTING Tertiary referral academic institution. METHODS Retrospective analysis of data from 133 head and neck surgery cases in which the treatment regimen was based on critical pathways over a 26-month period. OUTCOME MEASURES Length of stay and total patient charges were used as indices of resource utilization. One-way analysis of variance and t tests were used for statistical analysis of significance. RESULTS Ninety patients (67.7%) underwent MR; 43 (32. 3%) did not. Seventy-five patients (56.4%) underwent tracheotomy; 58 (43.6%) did not. Four patient groups were constructed in decreasing order of complexity as follows: group 1, patients who underwent both tracheotomy and MR (n = 58); group 2, patients who underwent MR alone (n = 32); group 3, patients who underwent tracheotomy alone (n = 17); and group 4, patients who did not undergo either procedure (n = 26). Both tracheotomy and MR were found to be independent determinants of resource utilization and were additive when both were present. The length of stay varied from 8.4 days (in patients who underwent both procedures) to 6.7 days (in patients who did not undergo either procedure), with intermediate values in cases in which only 1 procedure was performed. The total charges varied in a similar manner from a high of $33,371 to a low of $19,994. Subanalysis with respect to intensive care unit, ward, and operating room charges showed a similar stratification. CONCLUSION Tracheotomy and MR are both significant determinants of charges and length of stay in head and neck surgery cases and must be considered in the design of strategies to promote efficient resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cohen
- Department Of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
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Salerian AJ, Deibler WE, Vittone BJ, Geyer SP, Drell L, Mirmirani N, Mirczak JA, Byrd W, Tunick SB, Wax M, Fleisher S. Sildenafil for psychotropic-induced sexual dysfunction in 31 women and 61 men. J Sex Marital Ther 2000; 26:133-140. [PMID: 10782445 DOI: 10.1080/009262300278533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ninety-two outpatients (31 women, 61 men) who were treated with oral sildenafil for psychotropic-induced sexual dysfunction (PISD) completed ratings of their sexual functioning pre- and posttreatment. Both women and men reported significant improvements (p = .001) in all domains of sexual functioning, with 88% reporting improvement in overall sexual satisfaction. Significant improvements were reported regardless of psychotropic medication type. However, patients taking selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors reported less improvement in arousal, libido, and overall sexual satisfaction than did other patients, whereas patients taking benzodiazepines reported significantly more improvement in libido and overall sexual satisfaction. Oral sildenafil may be an effective treatment for PISD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Salerian
- Washington Psychiatric Center, Psychiatric Institute of Washington, DC 20016, USA.
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Adams J, Heintz P, Gross N, Andersen P, Everts E, Wax M, Cohen J. Acid/pepsin promotion of carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126:405-9. [PMID: 10722017 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.126.3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While clinical observation has suggested an association between gastroesophageal reflux and laryngeal carcinoma, the nature of this relationship has yet to be defined. The purpose of this study is to determine the carcinogenic potential of acid and pepsin mixtures in the hamster cheek pouch animal model. DESIGN A blinded intervention study. SUBJECTS One hundred male Syrian hamsters aged approximately 5 weeks. INTERVENTIONS A control group of 20 hamsters received application of the carcinogen 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-henzanthracene (DMBA) to their cheek pouch mucosa. One experimental group (n = 20) received applications of DMBA plus hydrochloric acid, and another (n = 20) received DMBA plus an acid and pepsin solution. Latency to squamous cell tumor production, size of tumors, and numbers of tumors were compared among groups. RESULTS Latency to tumor production and size of tumor were similar among groups, with both experimental and control groups developing tumors of comparable size after 12 weeks of chemical application. However, the number of tumors produced was significantly higher in the DMBA/acid and DMBA/acid/ pepsin groups than in the DMBA only group at 18 weeks, with 23, 27, and 10 tumors in these groups, respectively (P<.02). Likewise, a cumulative dysplasia score was different among groups at 18 weeks with the DMBA/acid and DMBA/acid/pepsin groups scoring higher degrees of dysplasia than the DMBA only group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that application of acid and acid/pepsin mixtures may promote experimental carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adams
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA
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Wax M. Steroid-induced glaucoma in a young woman. J Glaucoma 1998; 7:353-8. [PMID: 9786566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Wax
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Abstract
Lemierre syndrome, otherwise known as postanginal sepsis or necrobacillosis, is an illness that originates as an acute pharyngitis or tonsillitis which progresses to sepsis, usually fusobacterial, due to suppurative thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. Septic thromboemboli then seed various organs, resulting in multiple organ system pathology, most commonly affecting pulmonary and hepatic systems and joints. Although rare in the age of antibiotics, this disease typically affects previously healthy adolescents with varied clinical manifestations depending upon organ system involvement (A. Lemierre, Lancet March (1936) 701-703; J. Barker, H.T. Winer-Muram, S. Grey, Southern Med. J. 89 (1996) 1021-1023). Prompt diagnosis based on clinical presentation, radiologic findings, particularly CT scanning with contrast and a high index of suspicion, is necessary in order to institute often life saving therapy (J. Barker, H.T. Winer-Muram, S. Grey, Southern Med. J. 89 (1996) 1021-1023). We will present two cases of Lemierre syndrome, review it's clinical presentation, anatomic considerations, particularly it's relationship to the parapharyngeal space, radiographic findings, potential life threatening complications and finally, a unique approach to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Williams
- Department of Otolaryngology at the State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
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Sledz K, Ortiz O, Wax M, Bouquot J. Tumoral calcinosis of the temporomandibular joint: CT and MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16:782-5. [PMID: 7611040 PMCID: PMC8332277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the CT, three-dimensional CT, and MR findings are reviewed in a 59-year-old woman with tumoral calcinosis involving the temporomandibular joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sledz
- Department of Radiology, West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown 26506, USA
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Abstract
One of the mainstays of glaucoma treatment is the use of drugs that decrease the secretion of aqueous humor fluid from the ciliary epithelium. Unfortunately, many currently available drugs that decrease aqueous humor production such as beta-adrenergic antagonists, may cause serious systemic side effects such as cardiac arrhythmias and arrest, pulmonary dysfunction, and CNS side effects such as decreased libido and depression. Efforts to develop effective aqueous suppressants that offer decreased morbidity and mortality in comparison to those currently available will likely rely on the ability to alter the function of specific cellular events which underlie aqueous humor production by the ciliary epithelium. However, the secretory process which results in aqueous humor production is incompletely understood and the identification of precise cellular mechanisms which underlie this process remain to be established. We will present a rationale for genetic approaches to regulate gene expression so that aqueous humor production may be specifically targeted in glaucoma patients. Techniques of gene transfer including homologous exchange recombination, and expression of antisense genes, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wax
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Abstract
Adenosine and ATP have been shown to activate separate cell surface purinergic receptors which have been designated P1 for adenosine and P2 for ATP. The pharmacological characterization of P1 and P2 purinergic receptor-mediated signal transduction has been performed in cultured cell lines of the ciliary epithelium. In ODM Clone-2, a cell line derived from human nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPE) and in a clone derived from bovine pigmented ciliary epithelium (PE), we observed that adenosine inhibits adenylate cyclase activity at high potency (nM) and stimulates adenylate cyclase activity at low potency (microM) suggesting the presence of P1 subtypes on these cell membranes. The selective agonist cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) was effective at inhibiting forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase in these cells. The IC50 for CPA in both NPE and PE was approximately 1 nM in the absence, and 11 nM in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). In NPE, the selective agonist 2-[p-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino]-5'-N-ethylcarboxamido adenosine (CGS 21680) stimulated adenylyl cyclase with an EC50 of 11 +/- 4 nM in the presence of 4-(3-butoxy-4-methyoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone (RO-20-1724), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor devoid of adenosine receptor antagonism, and 61 +/- 8 microM in the presence of IBMX. In PE cells, EC50 value of RO-20-1724 was 19 +/- 5 nM (n = 3). The characterization of P2 receptors based upon the ability of ATP and its related analogues to stimulate inositol phosphate production reveal the presence of a putative P2u receptor in both cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wax
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Wax M, Tarshis L. Post-parotidectomy fistula. J Otolaryngol 1991; 20:10-3. [PMID: 2030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Today parotidectomy is a common, safe surgical procedure. With the increase in the number of parotidectomies being performed there have been many reviews of both the immediate and delayed operative complications. Postoperative salivary fistula, although a common occurrence, is usually glossed over or barely mentioned in most reviews. The present study reviews the parotid experience at a major teaching hospital, The Wellesley Hospital, University of Toronto, over a 10-year period. This information was used to draw general conclusions concerning the incidence, etiology and treatment of salivary fistulas as well as their prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wax
- General Hospital, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
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