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Sarkar S, Lal B, Gautam P, Bhatt RS, Sahoo A. Comparing carbon footprints of sheep farming systems in semi-arid regions of India: A life cycle assessment study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292066. [PMID: 38289925 PMCID: PMC10826930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon foot prints (CFs) studies based on life cycle assessment between sheep farming systems and green house gases (GHG) emissions is one of the best indicators to quantify the amount of GHG emissions per kg of product. Therefore, a life cycle assessment (LCA) study was conducted for three different sheep farming systems i.e. intensive system (stall fed only), semi-intensive (grazing with supplementation) and extensive system (grazing only) under semiarid region of India to assess the carbon cost of sheep rearing. The total CFs were estimated to be 16.9, 15.8 and 17.1 kg CO2-eq in intensive, semi-intensive and extensive system of grazing indicating semi-intensive system to be most carbon (C) efficient. For 1kg mutton production in semi-intensive and intensive system, around 30% and 24% CFs were contributed from enteric fermentation and feed respectively, whereas, in extensive system, the contribution of enteric fermentation increased up to 50%. The carbon foot prints analysis gives an insight of carbon inputs used but the amount of CO2 sequestered in soil making LCA a holistic approach for estimating GHG emissions from livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srobana Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Malpura, Rajasthan, India
| | - B. Lal
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Malpura, Rajasthan, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Regional Research Centre, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Gautam
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - R. S. Bhatt
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Malpura, Rajasthan, India
| | - A. Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Malpura, Rajasthan, India
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
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Garcia N, Kim H, Vinod K, Sahoo A, Wax M, Kim T, Fang T, Narayanaswamy V, Wu H, Jiang X. Carbon nanofibers/liquid metal composites for high temperature laser ultrasound. Ultrasonics 2024; 138:107245. [PMID: 38232449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
As the demand for clean energy becomes greater worldwide, there will also be an increasing demand for next generation nuclear power plants that incorporate advanced sensors and monitoring equipment. A major challenge posed by nuclear power plants is that, during normal operation, the reactor compartment is subjected to high operating temperatures and radiation flux. Diagnostic sensors monitoring such structures are also subject to temperatures reaching hundreds of degrees Celsius, which puts them at risk for heat degradation. In this work, the ability of carbon nanofibers to work in conjunction with a liquid metal as a photoacoustic transmitter was demonstrated at high temperatures. Fields metal, a Bi-In-Sn eutectic, and gallium are compared as acoustic mediums. Fields metal was shown experimentally to have superior performance over gallium and other reference cases. Under stimulation from a low fluence 6 ns pulse laser at 6 mJ/cm2 with 532 nm green light, the Fields metal transducer transmitted a 200 kHz longitudinal wave with amplitude >5.5 times that generated by a gallium transducer at 300 °C. Each high temperature test was conducted from a hot to cold progression, beginning as high as 300 °C, and then cooling down to 100 °C. Each test shows increasing signal amplitude of the liquid metal transducers as temperature decreases. Carbon nanofibers show a strong improvement over previously used candle-soot nanoparticles in both their ability to produce strong acoustic signals and absorb higher laser fluences up to 12 mJ/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Garcia
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Howuk Kim
- Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kaushik Vinod
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Abinash Sahoo
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Michael Wax
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | | | - Tiegang Fang
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Venkat Narayanaswamy
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Huaiyu Wu
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- North Carolina State University, 1804 Entrepreneur Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
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Sasmal PK, Sahoo A, Mishra TS, Das Poddar KK, Ali SM, Singh PK, Kumar P. Feasibility and outcomes of Desarda vs Lichtenstein hernioplasty by local anesthesia for inguinal hernia: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial. Hernia 2023; 27:1155-1163. [PMID: 37452974 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Desarda autologous tissue repair is comparable to the Lichtenstein hernioplasty for inguinal hernia regarding recurrence, chronic groin pain, and return to work activities. This study was designed to establish the outcomes of Desarda's repair versus Lichtenstein's hernioplasty concerning post-operative recovery to normal gait and its feasibility under local anesthesia (LA). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a single-center, prospective, double-blinded, non-inferiority, randomized trial. Patients undergoing open hernia repair for primary inguinal hernia were included. Patients were randomly assigned and followed up for 2 years. The primary endpoint was the time to return to normal gait post-surgery with comfort (non-inferiority margin fixed as 0.5 days). The secondary outcomes studied were post-operative pain score, the time required to return to work (all previously performed activities), and surgical-site occurrences (SSO). RESULTS One hundred ten eligible patients were randomly assigned [56 patients (50.9%) in the Desarda group and 54 patients (49.1%) in the Lichtenstein group]. All the procedures were safely performed under LA. The median (interquartile range) time for resuming gait post-surgery with comfort was 5 days in the Desarda vs 4 days in Lichtenstein's arm (P = 0.16), thereby failing to demonstrate non-inferiority of Desarda against Lichtenstein hernioplasty. However, there were no significant differences in days to return to work, SSO, chronic groin pain, and recurrence within two years of surgery. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study could not demonstrate the non-inferiority of the Desarda repair versus Lichtenstein hernioplasty regarding the time taken to return to normal gait. Comparing the days to return to work, pain score, SSO, and chronic groin pain, including recurrence rate, Desarda repair faired equally with Lichtenstein hernioplasty, thereby highlighting its feasibility and efficacy under LA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03512366.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Sasmal
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India.
| | - A Sahoo
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - T S Mishra
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - K K Das Poddar
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - S M Ali
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - P K Singh
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - P Kumar
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
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Gautam P, Bhunia SR, Sahoo A, Sawal RK, Rakshit S, Yadav VK, Lal B, Ramniwas, Gograj, Bishnoi R, Rathore VS. Drip irrigation and sulphur fertilization influenced fodder yield, quality and water use efficiency of groundnut in arid region. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288090. [PMID: 37540651 PMCID: PMC10403097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Availability of ample and nutritious fodder for livestock is always a challenge in arid region. Choice of crops such as groundnut that can fulfil the requirement of fodder with its crop residues along with human needs can be a viable option to bridge the gap between availability and requirement of fodder. The fodder yield and quality largely depend on soil moisture and nutrient supply especially sulphur (S), a key nutrient for improving groundnut fodder quality. However, no researchers have given emphasis on coupling effect of drip irrigation (DI) and sulphur on fodder yield, quality, digestibility and water use efficiency (WUE). Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the effects of different regimes of DI and S on productivity and quality of fodder. Results revealed that higher regimes of DI i.e. 0.8 +1.0 PE(pan evaporation) and 1.0 PE level of irrigation along with 40 kg S ha-1 significantly improved the yield, primary quality traits (crude protein, ether extract and ash), digestibility indices and significant reduction in Fibers which indicates improvement in quality of fodder. Fodder productivity was 27.0 and 25.6% higher in 1.0 PE and 0.8+1.0 PE level of irrigation, respectively, as compared to 0.6 PE level (lower water regime) of irrigation, although 0.6 PE level of irrigation recorded higher WUE and was at par with 0.8 PE and 0.6 +1.0 PE level of DI. By changing the levels of DI from 1.0 PE to 0.8+1.0 PE, considerable water can be saved without affecting the yield and quality of fodder. Similarly, crop responded to S up to 60 kg ha-1 but at par with 40 kg S ha-1 indicating that application of extra S after 40 kg did not warrant any extra benefit in terms of fodder yield, WUE and quality of fodder. Thus, adjusting the PE levels of DI for water saving and optimal S application can be a sustainable strategy to improve the productivity and quality of groundnut fodder in arid region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gautam
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner, India
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India
| | - S R Bhunia
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner, India
| | - A Sahoo
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India
| | - R K Sawal
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India
| | | | - V K Yadav
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India
| | - B Lal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Regional Research Centre, Bikaner, India
| | - Ramniwas
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner, India
| | - Gograj
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner, India
| | - Rajesh Bishnoi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Regional Research Centre, Bikaner, India
| | - V S Rathore
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research institute, Regional Research Station, Bikaner, India
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Samantaray S, Sahoo P, Sahoo A, Satapathy DP. Flood discharge prediction using improved ANFIS model combined with hybrid particle swarm optimisation and slime mould algorithm. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:83845-83872. [PMID: 37351742 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the disastrous socio-economic impacts of flood hazards and estimated rise of its occurrences in the near future, there has been an increase in the importance of flood prediction worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) models have contributed significantly by giving cost-effective solutions for simulating physical processes of flood events and improving accuracy in prediction over the last few decades. This paper presents a novel conjoint model to forecast river flood discharge (QFD) considering data from four gauging stations of River Brahmani, Odisha India. The developed hybridised metaheuristic algorithm, i.e. ANFIS-PSOSMA, improves exploration capability of Slime mould algorithm (SMA) by integrating it with particle swarm optimisation (PSO). Performance of novel hybrid model is assessed by utilising quantitative statistical measures like the coefficient of correlation (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe Model Efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The proposed hybrid ANFIS model using optimisation algorithm provided the best performance values with NSE of 0.9952, R2 of 0.9946, RMSE of 0.0485, and MAE of 0.0265 during training and NSE of 0.9736, R2 of 0.9731, RMSE of 8.4236, and MAE of 4.3197 during testing at Jenapur gauging station, indicating the prospective of utilising the developed models in forecasting flood discharge. The present study's importance lies in integrating several input parameters, and AI algorithms have been utilised for developing flood prediction model. In addition, the attained results indicated that combining the optimisation algorithms with ANFIS enhanced its performance in modelling monthly flood discharge time series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Samantaray
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Pratik Sahoo
- Department of Civil Engineering, OUTR Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abinash Sahoo
- Department of Civil Engineering, OUTR Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Deba P Satapathy
- Department of Civil Engineering, OUTR Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sahoo A, Narayanaswamy V, Lyons KM. Quenching measurements of Kr 5p[3/2] 2 ← ← 4p 6 1S 0 electronic transition using absorption spectra. Appl Opt 2023; 62:A110-A117. [PMID: 36821323 DOI: 10.1364/ao.475382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quenching rate is an important parameter to include in fluorescence measurements that are aimed at quantifying the thermochemical field of a reacting flow. Traditionally, the quenching measurements were obtained at low pressures using the direct measurements of quenching times followed by a linear scaling to the desired pressure. This approach, however, cannot account for the possible deviation from the linear pressure scaling at elevated pressures due to three and multi-body collisions. Furthermore, the best accuracy on the quenching rate is obtained with ultra-short pulse lasers that are typically not readily available. This study offsets these limitations by demonstrating a new approach for making direct quenching measurements at atmospheric conditions and using nanosecond lasers. The quenching measurements are demonstrated in a krypton-perturber system, and the 5p[32]2←←4p 6 1 S 0 two-photon electronic transition is accessed. A theoretical construct is presented that relates the absorption spectral parameters and the integrated fluorescence signal to the quenching rate, referenced to a given species and conditions. Using this formulation, the relative quenching rates for different perturber species, namely, air, C H 4, C 2 H 4, and C O 2, are reported as measured at 1 atm and 300 K. As such, the present technique is limited to the measurement of the relative quenching rate, unlike the previous studies where absolute quenching rates are measured. Nonetheless, when the reference quenching rate is independently measured, the relative quenching rates can be converted to absolute values.
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Samantaray S, Sahoo A, Agnihotri A. Prediction of Flood Discharge Using Hybrid PSO-SVM Algorithm in Barak River Basin. MethodsX 2023; 10:102060. [PMID: 36865648 PMCID: PMC9972406 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A crucial necessity in integrated water resource management is flood forecasting. Climate forecasts, specifically flood prediction, comprise multifaceted tasks as they are dependant on several parameters for predicting the dependant variable, which varies from time to time. Calculation of these parameters also changes with geographical location. From the time when Artificial Intelligence was first introduced to the field of hydrological modelling and prediction, it has produced enormous attention in research aspects for additional developments to hydrology. This study investigates the usability of support vector machine (SVM), back propagation neural network (BPNN), and integration of SVM with particle swarm optimization (PSO-SVM) models for flood forecasting. Performance of SVM solely depends on correct assortment of parameters. So, PSO method is employed in selecting SVM parameters. Monthly river flow discharge for a period of 1969 - 2018 of BP ghat and Fulertal gauging sites from Barak River flowing through Barak valley in Assam, India were used. For obtaining optimum results, different input combinations of Precipitation (Pt), temperature (Tt), solar radiation (Sr), humidity (Ht), evapotranspiration loss (El) were assessed. The model results were compared utilizing coefficient of determination (R2) root mean squared error (RMSE), and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE). The most important results are highlighted below.•First, the inclusion of five meteorological parameters improved the forecasting accuracy of the hybrid model.•Second, model comparison specifies that hybrid PSO-SVM model executed superior performance with RMSE- 0.04962 and NSE- 0.99334 compared to BPNN and SVM models for monthly flood discharge forecasting.•Third, applied optimization algorithm has easy implementation, simple theory, and high computational efficacy. Results revealed that PSO-SVM could be utilised as an improved alternate method for flood forecasting as it provided a higher degree of reliability and accurateness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Samantaray
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Srinagar, India,Corresponding author.
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Bhatt R, Sharma S, Sarkar S, Soni A, Sahoo A. Growth performance, carcass traits and muscle fatty acid profile of weaner rabbits fed complete feed blocks with different unconventional roughage sources. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2023. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2023.00011.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bhatt R, Sarkar S, Sharma P, Soni L, Sahoo A. Comparing the efficacy of forage combinations with different hydrolysable and condensed tannin levels to improve production and lower methane emission in finisher lambs. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sahoo A, Ramachandran A, Narayanaswamy V, Lyons KM. Mixture fraction measurement in turbulent non-premixed MILD jet flame using Rayleigh scattering. Appl Opt 2022; 61:2338-2351. [PMID: 35333252 DOI: 10.1364/ao.444109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Turbulent combustion of jet flames in a hot diluted coflow of combustion products is conducive to the transition from conventional flamelet combustion to a regime of moderate or intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion, which is commonly characterized by a very low emission and noise. MILD combustion is also characterized by distributed combustion where the net heat release is positive across the entire combustion domain. The turbulence/chemistry interactions in this regime that determine the flame structure, local temperature, and species distribution critically depend on the mixture fraction and scalar dissipation fields. However, there are no experimental tools to measure the mixture fraction field in a distributed (MILD) combustion regime. The present work offsets this limitation by demonstrating a Rayleigh scattering-based approach to measure mixture fraction in a turbulent ethylene MILD combustion zone. 1D counterflow flame simulations enabled mapping the locally calibrated Rayleigh scattering fields to mixture fractions in the fuel-rich regions. This approach also shows very low sensitivity to the local temperature and composition. Overall, the results provide compelling evidence that the distributed heat release does not significantly impact the turbulent processes of the flow-field for the conditions examined. The measurement uncertainty from this approach and its extension to more complex fuels are also discussed. The present technique is limited to mildly turbulent, fully MILD/distributed flame with representative scalar dissipation rates.
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Poonia K, Dhuria R, Sahoo A, Dhuria D, Sawal R. Effect of Phytochemical-Rich Pelleted Complete Feed on Haemato-Biochemical Parameters in Camel Calves. J CAMEL PRACT RES 2022. [DOI: 10.5958/2277-8934.2022.00050.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Chaudhury S, Samantaray S, Sahoo A, Bhagat B, Biswakalyani C, Satapathy DP. Hybrid ANFIS-PSO Model for Monthly Precipitation Forecasting. Evolution in Computational Intelligence 2022:349-359. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-6616-2_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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Kumar D, Bhatt R, Balaganur K, De K, Mahla A, Sahoo A. Milk replacer and linseed supplementation promotes puberty and semen quality in growing male lambs. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bhatt R, Sarkar S, Sahoo A, Sharma P, Soni L, Saxena VK, Soni A. Dietary inclusion of mature lemon grass and curry leaves affects nutrient utilization, methane reduction and meat quality in finisher lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Accurate prediction of water table depth over long-term in arid agricultural areas are very much important for maintaining environmental sustainability. Because of intricate and diverse hydrogeological features, boundary conditions, and human activities researchers face enormous difficulties for predicting water table depth. A virtual study on forecast of water table depth using various neural networks is employed in this paper. Hybrid neural network approach like Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFN) is employed here to appraisal water levels as a function of average temperature, precipitation, humidity, evapotranspiration and infiltration loss data. Coefficient of determination (R2), Root mean square error (RMSE), and Mean square error (MSE) are used to evaluate performance of model development. While ANFIS algorithm is used, Gbell function gives best value of performance for model development. Whole outcomes establish that, ANFIS accomplishes finest as related to RNN and RBFN for predicting water table depth in watershed.
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Sahoo A, Sarkar S, Lal B, Kumawat P, Sharma S, De K. Utilization of fruit and vegetable waste as an alternative feed resource for sustainable and eco-friendly sheep farming. Waste Manag 2021; 128:232-242. [PMID: 34010789 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, 10-20% of horticultural wastes are disposed in landfills leading to environmental pollution. Recycling these wastes as animal feedstuff will lessen food-feed competition and minimize environmental hazards. The present study was undertaken to determine the nutritional quality of fresh fruit and vegetable waste (F&VW) and their dietary inclusion on nutrient utilization, antioxidant status, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and potable water sparing efficacy in sheep. Three dietary combinations were formulated i.e. control (C):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +30% concentrate mixture (CM), diet with fruit waste (FWD):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +20% CM +10% FW and diet with vegetable waste (VWD):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +20% CM +10% VW for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of these wastes as potential livestock feed. Twenty-one adult ewes were allocated into 3 groups C, FWD and VWD and fed on the above three diets. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility were significantly enhanced by 5.5 and 7.2%; 7.3 and 7.6% in F&VW supplemented groups, respectively, without affecting feed intake. Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was improved by 32.2 and 26.3% in F&VW supplemented groups. Inclusion of F&VW biomass reduced annual methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (kg CO2eq/sheep) by 3.12 and 4.55%; 15.18 and 14.92% and thus contributed to lowering of global warming potential by 4.00 and 5.27%, respectively. Furthermore, there was a net reduction of potable water consumption by 21.78 and 13.92% in F&VW supplemented groups, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that F&VW can be a potential feedstuff for ruminants and its efficient reuse would minimize environmental impacts associated with disposal of such waste in the landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Srobana Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India.
| | - B Lal
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Pankaj Kumawat
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Shivendra Sharma
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Kalyan De
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
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Bhatt R, Sahoo A, Sarkar S, Saxena VK, Soni L, Sharma P, Gadekar Y. Dietary inclusion of nonconventional roughages for lowering enteric methane production and augmenting nutraceutical value of meat in cull sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Here, an endeavor has been made to predict the correspondence between rainfall and runoff and modeling are demonstrated using Feed Forward Back Propagation Neural Network (FFBPNN), Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), and Cascade Forward Back Propagation Neural Network (CFBPNN), for predicting runoff. Various indicators like mean square error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R2) for training and testing phase are used to appraise performance of model. BPNN performs paramount among three networks having model architecture 4-5-1 utilizing Log-sig transfer function, having R2 for training and testing is correspondingly 96.43 and 95.98. Similarly for FFBPNN, with Tan-sig function preeminent model architecture is seen to be 4-5-1 which possess MSE training and testing value 0.000483, 0.001025, RMSE training and testing value 0.02316, 0.03085 and R2 for training and testing as 0.9925, 0.9611, respectively. But for FFBPNN the value of R2 in training and testing is 0.8765 0.8976. Outcomes on the whole recommend that assessment of runoff is suitable to BPNN as contrasted to CFBPNN and FFBPNN. This consequence helps to plan, arrange and manage hydraulic structures of watershed.
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Sahoo A, Zelenak D, Narayanaswamy V. Pressure scaling of the collisional broadening parameters of Kr 4 p6S01→→5 p[3/2] 2 transition. Appl Opt 2020; 59:7760-7769. [PMID: 32976446 DOI: 10.1364/ao.394932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pressure scaling of collisional broadening parameters of krypton (absorber) 4p6S01→→5p[3/2]2 transition centered at 107.3 nm in the presence of nitrogen N2 (perturber) is investigated. The absorption spectrum in the vicinity of the transition is obtained from the two-photon excitation scan of krypton in the presence of the perturber at different prescribed pressures varying from a few torrs to 10 atm. The absorption spectra reveal noticeable asymmetry at atmospheric pressure, and the asymmetry becomes increasingly pronounced with pressure; however, the absorption spectra at sub-atmospheric pressures tested are symmetric. The absorption spectra are fitted with synthetic asymmetric Voigt profiles across all pressures, wherein the asymmetry parameter is varied to capture the asymmetry at different pressures. The collisional shift (δC), the symmetric equivalent collisional full width at half maximum (wC,0), and the asymmetry parameter (a) are determined from the synthetic fits at various pressures. All the parameters are observed to vary linearly with pressure over the entire range of the pressure values tested. The mechanisms that cause the asymmetry in the absorption spectra are also discussed.
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Lal B, Sharma SC, Meena RL, Sarkar S, Sahoo A, Balai RC, Gautam P, Meena BP. Utilization of byproducts of sheep farming as organic fertilizer for improving soil health and productivity of barley forage. J Environ Manage 2020; 269:110765. [PMID: 32425170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wool is a biodegradable fiber, rich in nutrients and can be recycled in soil as a fertilizer for maximum benefits. The present study was planned with the hypothesis that waste wool could be used as a nutrient source or manure to forage crops and aim of this study was to identify practicable recycling options of sheep based wastes in agriculture. In our study, we have compared the effect of different sheep based organic wastes on soil health, crop productivity and water use. Application of waste wool in soil significantly improved the fertility status of soil, and considerable improvement was also observed in organic carbon and nitrogen, i.e. around 30.8 and 32.6% higher over control. The activities of soil enzymes were 10-30% and 3-20% higher in waste wool treatment as compared to control and sheep based manures, respectively. Application of waste wool not only improved soil health but produced 50% higher grain and dry fodder yield of barley over control. The improvement in physical properties of soil with waste wool resulted in higher water use efficiency of the system. Our study will help in distinguishing choices for safe use of organic wastes along with up gradation of soil health and crop water utilization, particularly in nutrient poor soils of arid and semi-arid region of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lal
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India.
| | - S C Sharma
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - R L Meena
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srobana Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Roop Chand Balai
- ICAR-Central Institute of Arid Horticulture, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Gautam
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - B P Meena
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, MP, India
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Sahoo A, Zelenak D, Narayanaswamy V. Temperature dependence of collisional broadening and shift for the Kr 4p 6${S}_{0}^{1}$S01 → 5p[3/2] 2 electronic transition: publisher's note. Appl Opt 2020; 59:2085. [PMID: 32225731 DOI: 10.1364/ao.390320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This publisher's note corrects the author listing in Appl. Opt.59, 1438 (2020)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.380102.
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Bhatt R, Soni LK, Sahoo A, Gadekar Y, Sarkar S. Dietary supplementation of extruded linseed and calcium soap for augmenting meat attributes and fatty acid profile of longissimus thoracis muscle and adipose tissue in finisher Malpura lambs. Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sahoo A, Zelenak D, Narayanaswamy V. Temperature dependence of collisional broadening and shift for the Kr 4 p6S01→5 p[3/2] 2 electronic transition. Appl Opt 2020; 59:1438-1446. [PMID: 32225402 DOI: 10.1364/ao.380102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Temperature scaling of collisional broadening parameters for krypton (absorber) 4p6S01→5p[3/2]2 electronic transition centered at 107.3 nm in the presence of major combustion species (perturber) is investigated. The absorption spectrum in the vicinity of the transition is obtained from the fluorescence due to the two-photon excitation scan of krypton. Krypton was added in small amounts to major combustion species such as CH4, CO2, N2, and air, which then heated to elevated temperatures when flowed through a set of heated coils. In a separate experimental campaign, laminar premixed flat flame product mixtures of methane combustion were employed to extend the investigations to higher temperature ranges relevant to combustion. Collisional full width half maximum (FWHM) (wC) and shift (δC) were computed from the absorption spectrum by synthetically fitting Voigt profiles to the excitation scans, and their corresponding temperature scaling was determined by fitting power-law temperature dependencies to the wC and δC data for each perturber species. The temperature exponents of wC and δC for all considered combustion species (perturbers) were -0.73 and -0.6, respectively. Whereas the temperature exponents of wC are closer to the value (-0.7) predicted by the dispersive interaction collision theory, the corresponding exponents of δC are in between the dispersive interaction theory and the kinetic theory of hard-sphere collisions. Comparison with existing literature on broadening parameters of NO, OH, and CO laser-induced fluorescence spectra reveal interesting contributions from non-dispersive interactions on the temperature exponent.
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Sahoo A, Paul RK, Thirumurgan P, Sharma S, Kumawat PK, De K. Immunological and plasma antioxidant response following protection of newborn lambs from cold by umbrella-type housing and lamb-jacket in winter. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1603688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sahoo
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Rajani Kr. Paul
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - P. Thirumurgan
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - Kalyan De
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Jaipur, India
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Paul RK, De K, Thirumurgan P, Sahoo A. Biological rhythmicity of the plasma antioxidant defence in lambs following supplementation of micronutrients or providing shelter in temperature-controlled microenvironment in summer. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1464625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Kr. Paul
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - Kalyan De
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - P. Thirumurgan
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - A. Sahoo
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
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Bhatt R, Sahoo A. Effect of adding formaldehyde treated protein alone and with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diet on plane of nutrition, growth performance, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis of finisher lambs. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Aderao GN, Sahoo A, Bhatt RS, Kumawat PK, Soni L. In vitro rumen fermentation kinetics, metabolite production, methane and substrate degradability of polyphenol rich plant leaves and their component complete feed blocks. J Anim Sci Technol 2018; 60:26. [PMID: 30455972 PMCID: PMC6225722 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-018-0184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background This experiment aimed at assessing polyphenol-rich plant biomass to use in complete feed making for the feeding of ruminants. Methods An in vitro ruminal evaluation of complete blocks (CFB) with (Acacia nilotica, Ziziphus nummularia leaves) and without (Vigna sinensis hay) polyphenol rich plant leaves was conducted by applying Menke’s in vitro gas production (IVGP) technique. A total of six substrates, viz. three forages and three CFBs were subjected to in vitro ruminal fermentation in glass syringes to assess gas and methane production, substrate degradability, and rumen fermentation metabolites. Results Total polyphenol content (g/Kg) was 163 in A. nilotica compared to 52.5 in Z. nummularia with a contrasting difference in tannin fractions, higher hydrolysable tannins (HT) in the former (140.1 vs 2.8) and higher condensed (CT) tannins in the later (28.3 vs 7.9). The potential gas production was lower with a higher lag phase (L) in CT containing Z. nummularia and the component feed block. A. nilotica alone and as a constituent of CFB produced higher total gas but with lower methane while the partitioning factor (PF) was higher in Z. nummularia and its CFB. Substrate digestibility (both DM and OM) was lower (P < 0.001) in Z. nummularia compared to other forages and CFBs. The fermentation metabolites showed a different pattern for forages and their CFBs. The forages showed higher TCA precipitable N and lower acetate: propionate ratio in Z. nummularia while the related trend was found in CFB with V. sinensis. Total volatile fatty acid concentration was higher (P < 0.001) in A. nilotica leaves than V. sinensis hay and Z. nummularia leaves. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use forage biomass rich in polyphenolic constituents in judicious proportion for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production. Conclusion Above all, higher substrate degradability, propionate production, lower methanogenesis in CFB with A. nilotica leaves may be considered useful. Nevertheless, CFB with Z. nummularia also proved its usefulness with higher TCA precipitable N and PF. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use polyphenol-rich forage biomass for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh N Aderao
- 2Division of Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501 India
| | - A Sahoo
- 1Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 243122, Izatnagar, UP India
| | - R S Bhatt
- 2Division of Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501 India
| | - P K Kumawat
- 2Division of Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501 India
| | - Lalit Soni
- 2Division of Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501 India
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Bhatt R, Sahoo A, Gadekar Y. Production performance of lambs on milk replacer during pre-weaning followed by post-weaning linseed and calcium soap supplementation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bhatt RS, Sahoo A, Karim SA, Gadekar YP. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and rumen bypass-fat supplementation on growth, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and carcass traits of lambs. Anim Prod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an14950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Forty-eight weaned (3 months of age) lambs were randomly distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design to assess the effect of rumen bypass-fat (RBF) feeding (with and without) and probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation (with and without) on growth, nutrient utilisation, rumen metabolic profile and carcass traits during the post-weaning phase (3–6 months of age) of life. The four experimental groups, each having 12 lambs (six male and six female), were thus designated as control (C, basic diet without RBF and probiotic), basic diet without RBF but with probiotic (C + P), basic diet with RBF but without probiotic (C + RBF) and basic diet with RBF and probiotic (C + P + RBF). The basic diet consisted of ad libitum concentrates and dry pala (Zizyphus nummularia) leaves. Additionally, each lamb received 500 g of green ardu (Ailanthus excelsa) leaves. The RBF was calcium salt of fatty acids (source: rice bran oil) and fed at 40 g per kg of concentrate and the probiotic was fed at 9.0 × 107 colony-forming units (CFU) per kg bodyweight. Weekly bodyweights were recorded to assess the growth performance of lambs and revealed significantly (P = 0.026) higher gain in weight and average daily gain in RBF-supplemented groups independent of probiotic supplementation. The intake of concentrate was higher (P = 0.025) in RBF-fed groups and lead to increased (P = 0.028) total daily dry-matter intake and higher (P < 0.05) plane of nutrition (more metabolisable energy and a higher digestible crude protein intake) irrespective of probiotic supplementation. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was narrower (P < 0.05) in RBF- and probiotic-supplemented animals. Digestibility of organic matter, ether extract and acid detergent fibre increased and higher nitrogen balance was observed in lambs fed with RBF. Probiotic supplementation showed a positive effect (P < 0.05) on digestibility of acid detergent fibre. Ruminal metabolic profile was assessed at the end of the experimental feeding and it showed higher pH and ciliate protozoa population with RBF, independent of probiotic supplementation. Urinary purine derivatives were measured during the metabolic trial at the end of the experiment, which showed higher allantoin excretion leading to increased microbial nitrogen flow with RBF supplementation. Pre-slaughter weight, loin eye area and lean percentage were higher with a lower bone percentage and cooking loss, showing positive carcass attributes in RBF-fed groups, and the effect of probiotic was non-significant. It is concluded that RBF supplementation enhanced higher intake and utilisation of nutrients that supported improved weight gain, FCR and carcass traits, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae feeding had a positive effect on fibre digestibility and FCR, possibly by modifying the gut environment.
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Bhatt R, Sahoo A. Effect of Feeding Milk Replacer Alone or in Combination with Probiotic on Pre-weaning Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Rumen Fermentation in Malpura Lambs. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2018.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Khan F, Sahoo A, Karim S. Moderate and high levels of dietary protein on clinico-biochemical and production responses of lambs to repeated Haemonchus contortus infection. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jena S, Sahoo A. Studies on the effects of physical properties of feed samples on the performance of fluidized bed dryer. Particulate Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2016.1143068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sahoo A, Radhakrishnan T, Rao CS. Modeling and control of a real time shell and tube heat exchanger. Resource-Efficient Technologies 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reffit.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bhatt RS, Sahoo A. Effect of feeding complete feed block containing rumen protected protein, non-protein nitrogen and rumen protected fat on improving body condition and carcass traits of cull ewes. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 101:1147-1158. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Bhatt
- Division of Animal Nutrition; Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute; Avikanagar, Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - A. Sahoo
- Division of Animal Nutrition; Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute; Avikanagar, Jaipur Rajasthan India
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Bhatt RS, Sahoo A, Karim SA. Replacement of mustard oil cake by urea in short-term strategic feeding of cull ewes to improve body condition and carcass traits. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Strategic short-term feeding of culled Malpura ewes (age >6 years, average liveweight 26.8 ± 0.96 kg) was aimed at improving their body condition and increase marketability of their carcass following slaughter. Randomly, 8 out of 40 ewes were slaughtered to study initial (Day 0) carcass traits and the remaining ewes were equally divided into two groups: mustard cake (Control) and urea. They were stall fed with ad libitum guar straw (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and concentrate mixture at 25 g/kg liveweight after 4 h of morning grazing in the pasture. The Control group was offered concentrate with solvent extracted mustard cake whereas it was replaced on an equivalent nitrogen (N) basis with urea in the concentrate offered to the other group. Daily feed intake and weekly change in ewe liveweight and body condition score were measured during the 91 days of the experiment. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in digestibility of nutrients between the groups. Both groups had similar dry matter and metabolisable energy intake, but the mustard cake group recorded higher (P < 0.05) cumulative weight gain and body condition score. Ruminal fluid samples and blood biochemical measurements were analysed periodically (0, 45 and 91 days), with ruminal fluid samples during the post-feeding hours also analysed. There was periodic variation in rumen pH (P = 0.013), volatile fatty acid (P = 007), total N (P = 0.001) and ammonia-N (P = 0.025) concentration in both groups. Higher post-feeding volatile fatty acid (P = 0.031) and total N (P = 0.003) values were observed in the mustard cake group. Ruminal ciliate protozoal population showed a quadratic response over time after feeding with an initial decline post-grazing, but was not affected by treatment. Similar significant (P < 0.05) improvements in haemoglobin, glucose, total protein, urea and cholesterol levels were evident in both groups at 91 days. Both treatments showed similar improvement in carcass composition, distribution of fat and chemical composition of Longissimus dorsi after 91 days of realimentation compared with initial values. Short-term pre-slaughter feeding of cull ewes improved body condition, carcass traits and composition. Replacement of costly mustard cake with urea in the diet of cull ewes could be a means to improve profitability of this strategic feeding protocol, as well as enhancing their market value.
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Bouyeh M, Seidavi A, Mohammadi H, Sahoo A, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Effect of climate region and stocking density on ostrich (Struthio camelus
) productive performances. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52:44-48. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science; Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University; Rasht Iran
| | - A Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science; Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University; Rasht Iran
| | - H Mohammadi
- Department of Agriculture; Payame Noor University; Tehran Iran
| | - A Sahoo
- Animal Nutrition Division; Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute; Avikanagar Rajasthan India
| | - V Laudadio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO); Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production; University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’; Valenzano Italy
| | - V Tufarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO); Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production; University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’; Valenzano Italy
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Bharath RD, Chaitanya G, Panda R, Raghavendra K, Sinha S, Sahoo A, Gohel S, Biswal BB, Satishchandra P. Reduced small world brain connectivity in probands with a family history of epilepsy. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1729-1737. [PMID: 27564534 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of inheritance in ascertaining susceptibility to epilepsy is well established, although the pathogenetic mechanisms are still not very clear. Interviewing for a positive family history is a popular epidemiological tool in the understanding of this susceptibility. Our aim was to visualize and localize network abnormalities that could be associated with a positive family history in a group of patients with hot water epilepsy (HWE) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). METHODS Graph theory analysis of rsfMRI (clustering coefficient γ; path length λ; small worldness σ) in probands with a positive family history of epilepsy (FHE+, 25) were compared with probands without FHE (FHE-, 33). Whether a closer biological relationship was associated with a higher likelihood of network abnormalities was also ascertained. RESULTS A positive family history of epilepsy had decreased γ, increased λ and decreased σ in bilateral temporofrontal regions compared to FHE- (false discovery rate corrected P ≤ 0.0062). These changes were more pronounced in probands having first degree relatives and siblings with epilepsy. Probands with multiple types of epilepsy in the family showed decreased σ in comparison to only HWE in the family. CONCLUSION Graph theory analysis of the rsfMRI can be used to understand the neurobiology of diseases like genetic susceptibility in HWE. Reduced small worldness, proportional to the degree of relationship, is consistent with the current understanding that disease severity is higher in closer biological relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Bharath
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NIIR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - G Chaitanya
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.,Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - R Panda
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NIIR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - K Raghavendra
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - S Sinha
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - A Sahoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ, USA
| | - S Gohel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ, USA
| | - B B Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ, USA
| | - P Satishchandra
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Bhatt RS, Agrawal AR, Sahoo A. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and carcass characteristics of growing Chinchilla rabbits. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1174126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Bhatt
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR – Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - A. R. Agrawal
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR – Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - A. Sahoo
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR – Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
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Sahoo A, Sahu S, Dandapat J, Samanta L. Pro-oxidative challenges and antioxidant protection during larval development of non-mulberry silkworm,Antheraea mylitta(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/11250003.2015.1103319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Pal K, Patra A, Sahoo A, Kumawat P. Evaluation of several tropical tree leaves for methane production potential, degradability and rumen fermentation in vitro. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bhatt RS, Sahoo A, Karim SA, Agrawal AR. Effects of calcium soap of rice bran oil fatty acids supplementation alone and with DL-α-tocopherol acetate in lamb diets on performance, digestibility, ruminal parameters and meat quality. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015. [PMID: 26211674 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-six Malpura lambs (28 day old and 6.7 ± 0.25 kg BW) were distributed equally in three groups having six males and six female. They were ad libitum fed individually three different experimental diets containing calcium soap of fatty acids (CA-FA) at 0 (T1 ) and 40 (T2 and T3 ) g/kg concentrate up to six months of age. Animals in T3 were supplemented additionally with 40 mg DL-α-tocopherol acetate/kg of concentrate. The roughage moiety included ad libitum dry Prosopis cineraria and fresh Azadirachata indica leaves. All the lambs were allowed to suckle from their dam up to weaning (90 day of age). Supplementation of Ca-FA improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio during both pre- (28-90 days) and post-weaning (91-180 days) phases; however, no effect of DL-α-tocopherol was observed. Metabolic parameters during post-weaning phase revealed non-significant effect on digestibility but improved nitrogen balance in the test groups. The effect on biochemical attributes did not show any significant alteration in ruminal parameters, blood biochemicals and urinary purine derivatives. Carcass traits revealed higher (p < 0.05) dressing yield and loin eye area with Ca-FA supplementation. The value of thiobarbituric reactive substances for nuggets prepared from frozen carcasses revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in T3 compared to the other dietary groups. Fatty acid profile of adipose tissue revealed higher (p < 0.001) 9-octadecanoic, 9-12-octadecadienoic, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), higher ratio of PUFA/saturated fatty acids (SFA), ω-6/ω-3 and lower SFA in Ca-FA-supplemented groups. It is concluded that supplementation of 40 g/kg calcium soap prepared from industrial grade rice bran oil in lamb ration provided additional energy intake, improved N utilization, gain and feed conversion ratio besides improving dressing yield and meat quality with CLA enriched fatty acid profile. DL-α-tocopherol acetate when supplemented at 40 mg/kg feed reduced lipid oxidation of meat products thus improving its keeping quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Bhatt
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Central Sheep and Wool Research Insitute Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Sahoo
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Central Sheep and Wool Research Insitute Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - S A Karim
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Central Sheep and Wool Research Insitute Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - A R Agrawal
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Central Sheep and Wool Research Insitute Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
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Bhatt RS, Sahoo A, Shinde AK, Karim SA. Effect of calcium salt of fatty acids supplementation on performance of Malpura lambs. Anim Prod Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/an13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four Malpura lambs (28 days old) were distributed into three equal groups (four each from either sexes). They were fed ad libitum on three experimental diets containing graded levels of calcium salt of fatty acids (source: rice bran oil; Ca-FA) at 0 (T1), 20 (T2) and 40 (T3) g per kg of concentrate and dry roughage (Prosopis cineraria leaves) up to 6 months of age along with suckling of mother till weaning (3 months). Effect of Ca-FA supplementation on liveweight gain, feed and nutrient intake was not observed during pre-weaning (28–90 days), which however increased (P < 0.05) in T3 during post-weaning (90–180 days). There was an increase in organic matter intake and digestibility as well as metabolisable energy intake in Ca-FA-supplemented groups. Rumen ammonia-N and ciliate protozoa population was increased (P < 0.05) in T2 and T3 with a positive shift in rumen fermentation (increased propionate and decreased acetate). Blood biochemical analysis revealed effect of treatment and age (P < 0.05) for free fatty acids and cholesterol concentration. Ca-FA supplementation improved (P < 0.05) dressing percentage both at 2% and 4% CA-FA inclusions levels with no change in fat yield and composition. It is concluded that supplementation of Ca-FA prepared from industrial-grade rice bran oil in growing lamb rations improved gain, organic matter intake and digestibility during the post-weaning period and a linear response to the level of supplementation recommends Ca-FA at 40 g/kg for improved lamb performance.
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Khan F, Sahoo A, Dixit S. Evaluation of administering Duddingtonia flagrans through Complete Feed Block for Controlling Haemonchus contortus in Sheep. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2015.00045.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pal K, Patra A, Sahoo A, Mandal G. Effect of nitrate and fumarate in Prosopis cineraria and Ailanthus excelsa leaves-based diets on methane production and rumen fermentation. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bhatt RS, Karim SA, Sahoo A, Shinde AK. Growth performance of lambs fed diet supplemented with rice bran oil as such or as calcium soap. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:812-9. [PMID: 25049854 PMCID: PMC4093241 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Forty two Malpura lambs (21 d old) were divided into three groups of 14 each consisting of 8 females and 6 males. Lambs were allowed to suckle their respective dams twice daily up to weaning (13 wks) and offered free choice concentrate and roughage in a cafeteria system. The lambs in control group were fed conventional concentrate mixture, in RBO group concentrate mixture fortified with 4% industrial grade rice bran oil and in Ca-soap rice bran oil (as in RBO group) was supplemented in the form of calcium soap. The concentrate intake decreased(p≤0.05) in RBO group as a result total dry matter, crude protein and metabolizable energy intake decreased compared to control whereas Ca-soap prepared from the same rice bran oil stimulated the concentrate intake leading to higher total dry matter, crude protein and energy intakes. The digestibility of dry matter (p≤0.05), organic matter (p≤0.05) and crude protein (p≤0.05) was higher in RBO group followed by Ca-soap and control whereas no effect was observed for ether extract digestibility. Higher cholesterol (p≤0.05) content was recorded in serum of oil supplemented groups (RBO and Ca-soap) while no effect was recorded for other blood parameters. Rice bran oil as such adversely affected and reduced the body weight gain (p≤0.001) of lambs in comparison to control whereas the Ca-soap of rice bran oil improved body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency in lambs. Fat supplementation decreased total volatile fatty acids (p≤0.05) and individual volatile fatty acid concentration which increased at 4 h post feeding. Fat supplementation also reduced (p≤0.05) total protozoa count. Ca-soap of rice bran oil improved pre slaughter weight (p≤0.05) and hot carcass weight (p≤0.05). It is concluded from the study that rice bran oil in the form of calcium soap at 40 g/kg of concentrate improved growth, feed conversion efficiency and carcass quality as compared to rice bran oil as such and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Bhatt
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar-304 501, Rajasthan, India
| | - S A Karim
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar-304 501, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Sahoo
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar-304 501, Rajasthan, India
| | - A K Shinde
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar-304 501, Rajasthan, India
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Bhatt R, Agrawal A, Sahoo A. In VitroRuminal Degradability, Fermentation Metabolites and Methanogenesis of Different Crop Residues. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2014. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2014.01333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bhatt R, Sahoo A, Shinde A, Karim S. Change in body condition and carcass characteristics of cull ewes fed diets supplemented with rumen bypass fat. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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De K, Kumar D, Singh A, Sahoo A, Naqvi S. Seasonal variation of physiological response in ewes of farmers’ flocks under semi-arid tropical environment. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2013.830509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sejian V, Singh AK, Sahoo A, Naqvi SMK. Effect of mineral mixture and antioxidant supplementation on growth, reproductive performance and adaptive capability of Malpura ewes subjected to heat stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:72-83. [PMID: 23332025 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mineral and antioxidant supplementation on growth, reproductive performance and physiological adaptability of heat-stressed Malpura ewes. The study was conducted for a period of 21 days in 21 adult Malpura ewes. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups with seven animals each viz. GI (control; n = 7), GII (heat stress; n = 7) and GIII (heat stress + mineral and antioxidant supplementation; n = 7). The animals were stall fed ad libitum with the diet consisting of 70% roughage and 30% concentrate. GI ewes were maintained under normal controlled condition in the shed, while GII and GIII ewes were subjected to heat stress by exposing them to 42 °C in the climatic chamber. The parameters studied were feed intake (FI), water intake (WI), body weight, body condition score (BCS), physiological, biochemical and endocrine responses. Heat stress significantly altered FI, water intake, BCS, respiration rate and rectal temperature in the afternoon, oestrus duration, estradiol, progesterone, Hb, PCV, plasma glucose, total protein, cortisol, T3 and T4 levels while mineral and antioxidant supplementation ameliorated this heat stress effect on the parameters studied. Further, the adverse effect of heat stress on the productive and reproductive efficiency of Malpura ewes was reduced considerably by mineral mixture and antioxidant supplementation. This is evident from the non-significant difference in BCS, oestrus duration and plasma estradiol between GI and GIII in this study. Hence, it is very pertinent to conclude from this study that mineral mixture and antioxidant supplementation were able to protect Malpura ewes against heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sejian
- Division of Physiology and Biochemistry, CSWRI, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
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