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Otani Y, Kawanishi M, Kamimura M, Sasaki A, Nakamura Y, Nakamura T, Okamoto S. Behavior and possible function of Arabidopsis BES1/BZR1 homolog 2 in brassinosteroid signaling. Plant Signaling & Behavior 2022; 17:2084277. [PMID: 35695417 PMCID: PMC9196799 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2084277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Otani
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mika Kawanishi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miyu Kamimura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Azusa Sasaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakamura
- Department of Japanese Food Culture, Faculty of Letters, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takako Nakamura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Okamoto
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Kijima M, Shirakawa T, Uchiyama M, Kawanishi M, Ozawa M, Koike R. Trends in the serovar and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica from cattle and pigs between 2002 and 2016 in Japan. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1869-1875. [PMID: 31461201 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Given the significance of Salmonella enterica in both human and animal health, and a recent global dissemination of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-, changes in the prevalent serovars and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella from cattle and pigs were investigated in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS The serovars and antimicrobial susceptibilities of 1605 Salmonella enterica isolated from cattle (n = 894) and swine (n = 711) between 2002 and 2016 were examined. The most common serovar among all samples was Salmonella Typhimurium. However, its monophasic variant with antigenic structure S. 4,[5],12:i:-, which was first detected in cattle in 2006 and swine in 2010, has been rapidly increasing in incidence and resistance. Resistance rates to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin were generally low (<10% in the cattle isolates and <5% in the swine isolates); however, isolates resistant to more than five antimicrobials, which often include these antimicrobials, were recently detected in Salmonella Dublin, S. 4,[5],12:i:-, S. Typhimurium, Salmonella Newport, Salmonella Choleraesuis and Salmonella 6,7:c:-. Among them, two S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates possessed extended-spectrum β-lactamase-encoding genes; blaSHV-12 or blaCTX-M-55 , respectively, while all the five S. Typhimurium isolates possessed AmpC-type β-lactamase gene of blaCMY-2 . CONCLUSIONS S. 4,[5],12:i:- has been rapidly increasing and exhibiting a remarkable change in antimicrobial resistance in Japan. Considering certain serovars are characterized by multidrug resistance including medically important antimicrobials, continuous monitoring and appropriate measures are required to protect public health and veterinary husbandry. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study presents a trend in the serovars and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella from cattle and pigs in Japan, and showed that there were certain types of Salmonella serovars depending on the animal origin which needs more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kijima
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
| | - T Shirakawa
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
| | - M Uchiyama
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
| | - M Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
| | - M Ozawa
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
| | - R Koike
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1, Tokura, Kokubunji, 185-8511, Japan
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Yoshimura K, Yano I, Yamamoto T, Kawanishi M, Isomoto Y, Yonezawa A, Kondo T, Takaori-Kondo A, Matsubara K. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mycophenolic acid using the prospective data in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 53:44-51. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2017.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lavine SD, Cockroft K, Hoh B, Bambakidis N, Khalessi AA, Woo H, Riina H, Siddiqui A, Hirsch JA, Chong W, Rice H, Wenderoth J, Mitchell P, Coulthard A, Signh TJ, Phatorous C, Khangure M, Klurfan P, terBrugge K, Iancu D, Gunnarsson T, Jansen O, Muto M, Szikora I, Pierot L, Brouwer P, Gralla J, Renowden S, Andersson T, Fiehler J, Turjman F, White P, Januel AC, Spelle L, Kulcsar Z, Chapot R, Spelle L, Biondi A, Dima S, Taschner C, Szajner M, Krajina A, Sakai N, Matsumaru Y, Yoshimura S, Ezura M, Fujinaka T, Iihara K, Ishii A, Higashi T, Hirohata M, Hyodo A, Ito Y, Kawanishi M, Kiyosue H, Kobayashi E, Kobayashi S, Kuwayama N, Matsumoto Y, Miyachi S, Murayama Y, Nagata I, Nakahara I, Nemoto S, Niimi Y, Oishi H, Satomi J, Satow T, Sugiu K, Tanaka M, Terada T, Yamagami H, Diaz O, Lylyk P, Jayaraman MV, Patsalides A, Gandhi CD, Lee SK, Abruzzo T, Albani B, Ansari SA, Arthur AS, Baxter BW, Bulsara KR, Chen M, Delgado Almandoz JE, Fraser JF, Heck DV, Hetts SW, Hussain MS, Klucznik RP, Leslie-Mawzi TM, Mack WJ, McTaggart RA, Meyers PM, Mocco J, Prestigiacomo CJ, Pride GL, Rasmussen PA, Starke RM, Sunenshine PJ, Tarr RW, Frei DF, Ribo M, Nogueira RG, Zaidat OO, Jovin T, Linfante I, Yavagal D, Liebeskind D, Novakovic R, Pongpech S, Rodesch G, Soderman M, terBrugge K, Taylor A, Krings T, Orbach D, Biondi A, Picard L, Suh DC, Tanaka M, Zhang HQ. Training Guidelines for Endovascular Ischemic Stroke Intervention: An International Multi-Society Consensus Document. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:E31-4. [PMID: 26892982 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Yokoyama K, Kawanishi M, Yamada M, Tanaka H, Ito Y, Hirano M, Kuroiwa T. In not only vertebroplasty but also kyphoplasty, the resolution of vertebral deformities depends on vertebral mobility. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1474-8. [PMID: 23391839 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has not been clarified whether the postoperative resolution of vertebral deformities achieved by KP are superior to those achieved by VP. We compared the outcomes of KP and VP, taking into account the presence of vertebral mobility, to determine whether the balloon inflation in KP may contribute to postoperative resolution of the vertebral deformities in patients with VCFs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subjects had 34 vertebral bodies treated by VP, and 43 vertebral bodies treated by KP. In all patients, preoperative dynamic imaging was performed to assess the presence of vertebral mobility. First, the vertebral height restoration and kyphotic change were compared between the VP and KP groups. Then, the patients were further divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence of vertebral mobility, and they were compared within and between the VP and KP groups in relation to the presence of vertebral mobility. RESULTS Overall, no significant differences were observed in either the vertebral height restoration or kyphotic change between the VP and KP groups (P > .20). Preoperative dynamic imaging identified 19 vertebral bodies each with vertebral mobility in the VP (56%) and KP groups (44%) (P = .21). Within the VP and KP groups, the vertebral height restoration and kyphotic changes were significantly better in patients with vertebral mobility than in those without (P < .01). There were no significant differences between the 2 treatment groups after adjustment for the presence of vertebral mobility (P > .30). CONCLUSIONS In both the VP and KP groups, the vertebral height restoration and kyphotic change largely depended on the preoperative vertebral mobility. The use of the balloon itself contributed little to resolution of the vertebral deformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Takeda General Hospital, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kawai N, Kawanishi M, Shindou A, Kudomi N, Yamamoto Y, Nishiyama Y, Tamiya T. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism measurement using positron emission tomography before and during internal carotid artery test occlusions: feasibility of rapid quantitative measurement of CBF and OEF/CMRO(2). Interv Neuroradiol 2012; 18:264-74. [PMID: 22958764 DOI: 10.1177/159101991201800304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Balloon test occlusion (BTO) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) combined with cerebral blood flow (CBF) study is a sensitive test for predicting the outcome of permanent ICA occlusion. However, false negative results sometimes occur using single photon emission tomography (SPECT). We have recently developed a rapid positron emission tomography (PET) protocol that measures not only the CBF but also the cerebral oxygen metabolism before and during BTO in succession. We measured acute changes in regional CBF and OEF/CMRO(2) before and during BTO in three cases with large or giant cerebral aneurysms using the rapid PET protocol. Although no patients showed ischemic symptoms during BTO, PET studies exhibited mildly to moderately decreased CBF (9∼34%) compared to the values obtained before BTO in all cases. The average OEF during BTO was significantly increased (21% and 43%) than that of before BTO in two cases. The two cases were considered to be non-tolerant for permanent ICA occlusion and treated without ICA sacrifice. Measurement of the CBF and OEF/CMRO(2) using a rapid PET protocol before and during BTO is feasible and can be used for accurate assessment of tolerance prediction in ICA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kawai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
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Yokoyama K, Kawanishi M, Yamada M, Tanaka H, Ito Y, Hirano M, Kuroiwa T. Validity of intervertebral bone cement infusion for painful vertebral compression fractures based on the presence of vertebral mobility. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 34:228-32. [PMID: 22743643 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is uncertain whether analgesic effects of vertebroplasty in patients with painful VCF are actually attributable to intervertebral cement infusion. This study aims to assess the validity of cement infusion performed for pain relief based on the presence or absence of pseudoarthrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared therapeutic effects between PVP and vertebral perforation without bone cement infusion in patients with painful VCF. The subjects were 64 patients undergoing PVP (PVP group) and 67 undergoing vertebral perforation (perforation group). In all patients, preoperative dynamic radiography was performed to assess the presence of vertebral mobility. Patients were classified into 2 groups, those with and those without vertebral mobility, and changes in VAS and ADL scores before and after surgery were compared between the PVP and perforation groups. RESULTS Regarding patients with vertebral mobility, VAS improved during the 3 months immediately after surgery in the PVP group compared with the perforation group (P < .05). Although no significant difference in postoperative ADL scores was observed between the 2 treatment groups, the scores 3 months after surgery were better in the PVP group than in the perforation group. Meanwhile, in the subgroup of patients without vertebral mobility, both treatments produced marked pain relief, but the difference was not significant (P > .05). Moreover, there was no difference in ADL scores between the 2 treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Intervertebral cement infusion exerts analgesic effects in patients with VCF with pseudoarthrosis. However, in those without vertebral mobility, the analgesic effects of vertebroplasty are the same regardless of bone cement infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Takeda General Hospital, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kawanishi M, Watanabe K, Asakura Y, Oka A, Naruse T, Nishikawa R, Takayama T, Koami T, Wakasugi D, Kawamura M, Takaoka A, Tokita S. Pharmacological Characterization of TASP0412098, A Selective CRTH2 (Chemoattractant Receptor-Homologous Molecule Expressed on Th2 Cells) Antagonist. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yokoyama K, Kawanishi M, Yamada M, Tanaka H, Ito Y, Hirano M, Kuroiwa T. Comparative study of percutaneous vertebral body perforation and vertebroplasty for the treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:685-9. [PMID: 22194379 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Percutaneous vertebral body perforation is a new technique for treating painful VCFs. Herein, we compare the therapeutic effect of vertebral perforation and conventional vertebroplasty for treating VCFs. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred eight patients with single painful VCFs were assigned to undergo vertebral perforation (perforation group) or vertebroplasty (PVP group). Clinical outcomes were assessed by using the VAS. The associations of analgesic effect and clinical factors were also analyzed by multivariate regression. Plain radiographs were used to quantify the progression of vertebral body compression after surgery and to evaluate cement leakage and new vertebral fractures. The median follow-up time was 10 months. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar in the 2 groups. No factors correlated with analgesic effects in the PVP group. The analgesic effect of vertebral perforation was, however, related to the preoperative severity of vertebral compression and was low in patients with severe deformity (P < .05). Among patients with preoperative vertebral percentage of compression below 30%, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in analgesic effect at any postoperative intervals. Progression of vertebral compression after surgery occurred in 22.2% and 16.0% of treated vertebrae in the perforation and PVP groups, respectively (P = .38). Respectively, 3.7% and 20.0% of the perforation and PVP groups had new postoperative fractures during follow-up (P < .05). There were no other complications. CONCLUSIONS Vertebral perforation was safe and effective for painful VCFs with slight compression. However, vertebroplasty should be considered for patients with marked vertebral body compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Takeda General Hospital, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan.
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Abstract
The present study examined whether the degree to which muscle strength is improved by a body mass-based home exercise program in middle-aged and older women depends on the force-generating capabilities of the muscles prior to the intervention. 75 women (53-76 years) voluntarily participated in a circuit training program consisting of 5 exercises (16 repetitions/exercise, 2 or 3 circuits/day) using only body mass as resistance for 3 months. The subjects performed the training program 6 days a week in their own home and once a week in a local gym. Before and after intervention, isometric torques during maximal voluntary knee extension (KET) and plantar flexion (PFT) were determined and expressed relative to body mass (KET/BM and PFT/BM, respectively). KET/BM and PFT/BM increased significantly after intervention, and their relative changes were negatively correlated to the absolute values before intervention. Most of the subjects whose KET/BM and PFT/BM values before intervention were greater than 2.8 Nm/kg and 1.7 Nm/kg, respectively, did not show increases in strength after intervention. Thus, although body mass-based exercise at home is effective in improving lower limb strength in middle-aged and older women, the magnitude of the improvement is influenced by the force-generating capability before intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshitake
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Sports and Life Science, Kanoya-shi, Japan
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Kawanishi M, Itoh Y, Tanaka H, Yokoyama K, Yamada M. 023 Vertbroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fracture. J Neurointerv Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/jnis.2009.000869w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nagasawa S, Kawanishi M, Kondoh S, Yamaguchi K, Kajimoto S, Tada Y, Ohta T. Normal perfusion pressure hyperperfusion in cerebral arteriovenous malformation surgery: model study on the hemodynamics and mechanisms. J Clin Neurosci 2008; 5 Suppl:30-2. [PMID: 18639096 DOI: 10.1016/s0967-5868(98)90007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A simulation study was undertaken using a compartmental flow model of a large high-flow cerebral arteriovenous malformation to investigate the hemodynamic changes during obliteration procedures. Under certain autoregulatory conditions, marked hyperperfusion (92 ml/100 g/min) could be induced in association with increased wall stress of the arterioles. Narrowing of the autoregulatory pressure range and its shift to a low pressure level are suspected to be among the possible causes of normal perfusion pressure breakthrough phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nagasawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Kawanishi M, Yoshida T, Kijima M, Yagyu K, Nakai T, Okada S, Endo A, Murakami M, Suzuki S, Morita H. Characterization of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from radish and broccoli sprouts that exhibited a KG+ phenotype, lack of virulence and absence of a capsule. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:481-7. [PMID: 17451513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify Lactococcus garvieae isolates from radish and broccoli sprouts and compare them with virulent and less virulent mutant strains obtained from yellowtails with regard to KG phenotype, presence of a capsule and virulence towards yellowtails and mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of six isolates obtained from radish and broccoli sprouts indicated that they were L. garvieae (similarity >99%). They were compared with KG9502, Lg2 and ATCC49156 strains obtained from yellowtails. A less virulent mutant strain Lg2-S was obtained by Lg2 subculture. Biochemical characterization of the six strains resembled that of KG9502, Lg2, ATCC49156 and Lg2-S, except for saccharose and tagatose acidification and the presence of hippuricase. These six strains were nonpathogenic towards yellowtails and mice, nonsusceptible to bacteriophages and demonstrated heterogeneity on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. Using transmission electron microscopy, a capsule was observed in KG9502 and Lg2 but not in ATCC49156 and Lg2-S. CONCLUSIONS We isolated L. garvieae strains that lacked pathogenicity towards yellowtails and mice from radish and broccoli sprouts; these were noncapsulated and exhibited KG(+) phenotype. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first documentation of L. garvieae isolated from terrestrial plants. These isolates exhibited genetic diversity; however, they were noncapsulated and nonpathogenic towards yellowtails and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kijima-Tanaka M, Kawanishi M, Fukuda Y, Suzuki S, Yagyu K. Molecular diversity of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida from cultured amberjacks (Seriola spp.) in Japan by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid profiles. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 103:381-9. [PMID: 17650198 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study deals with a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for discriminating between the genetic variants of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida, and characterizing of Japanese field isolates by PFGE together with plasmid profiles and antimicrobial resistances. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 74 field isolates from cultured Japanese amberjacks were used for PFGE. SmaI and NotI enabled to clearly differentiate strains and we obtained 24 of combined PFGE profiles which were distinct from those of classical Japanese and USA reference strains, and classified them into three groups (Ia-Ic). By plasmid size, we could classify these field isolates into three plasmid types, pA-pC. The predominant PFGE-type Ia was closely associated with plasmid-type pA, and Ib showed a moderate association with pB. Ic was closely associated with pC, and multiresistant isolates were not observed in this type. Whole-genomic variations were also observed between isolates having identical detection areas, fish species and detection-date by PFGE. CONCLUSION Molecular diversity of P. damselae ssp. piscicida could be detected by PFGE, and some relations among the PFGE-type, plasmid-type and antimicrobial resistances were observed in Japanese field isolates. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study indicated that some genetic transition might have occurred in P. damselae ssp. piscicida around the Japanese seas, and PFGE can be a valuable tool for the epidemiological study of this highly homogeneous subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kijima-Tanaka
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan.
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Shindo A, Kawai N, Kawakita K, Kawanishi M, Tamiya T, Nagao S. Intracerebral Hemorrhage after Carotid Artery Stenting without Evidence of Hyperperfusion in Positron Emission Tomography. Interv Neuroradiol 2007; 13:191-9. [PMID: 20566149 DOI: 10.1177/159101990701300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY A 75-year-old man with a recent history of transient left hemiparesis and dysarthria was referred to our hospital. Angiography showed right internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion and left ICA 89% stenosis. Positron emission tomography (PET) showed decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF), and increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the right hemisphere. In the left hemisphere, CBV was increased, but CBF and OEF remained normal. One month after the transient ischemic attack, left carotid artery stenting (CAS) was performed without complications. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the day after CAS showed no fresh ischemic lesion. PET on the second day after CAS showed increased CBF and decreased OEF and CBV in the right hemisphere as compared with those before CAS. In the left hemisphere, decreased CBV was observed and CBF was slightly increased as compared with those before CAS. The postoperative course was uneventful, but on the fifth day after CAS, the patient suddenly showed a focal seizure and right motor weakness. Emergency computed tomography scanning showed massive intracranial hemorrhage with severe brain edema in the left hemisphere. Although CBF study is useful to predict the hyperperfusion syndrome, we cannot disregard the possibility of intracerebral hemorrhage after CAS for carotid artery stenosis when there is no evidence of hyperperfusion on postoperative CBF study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shindo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
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Kawanishi M, Yoshida T, Yagashiro S, Kijima M, Yagyu K, Nakai T, Murakami M, Morita H, Suzuki S. Differences between Lactococcus garvieae isolated from the genus Seriola in Japan and those isolated from other animals (trout, terrestrial animals from Europe) with regard to pathogenicity, phage susceptibility and genetic characterization. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 101:496-504. [PMID: 16882159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To clarify the epidemiological relationship between Lactococcus garvieae isolates from the Seriola in Japan and isolates from other animals. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 32 isolates obtained from aquatic (the genus Seriola and trout) and terrestrial animals (cow, pig, cat, dog and horse) was used to evaluate its pathogenicity to yellowtail and mouse, phenotype (KG+ and KG-), its susceptibility to three bacteriophages and the pattern of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Lactococcus garvieae isolated from Seriola showed strong pathogenicity to yellowtail, while isolates from trout showed weak pathogenicity and those obtained from terrestrial animals showed no distinct pathogenicity. Only, the isolates from the genus Seriola in Japan showed susceptibility to the bacteriophages. The results of PFGE pattern indicate that the isolates obtained from the Seriola predict homogeneity, while there is no similarity among the isolates obtained from different animals. CONCLUSION This experiment indicates that L. garvieae isolated from Seriola in Japan appears to be very different from the isolates obtained from other animals, and the isolates prevalent among the genus Seriola in Japan might be homogeneous. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study suggests that a particular genetic group that has specially adapted and acquired virulence toward yellowtail were prevalent among the genus Seriola in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kawanishi M, Kijima M, Kojima A, Ishihara K, Esaki H, Yagyu K, Takahashi T, Suzuki S, Tamura Y. Drug resistance and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida isolates from cultured Seriola (yellowtail, amberjack and kingfish) in Japan. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006; 42:648-53. [PMID: 16706907 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida isolates obtained from cultured Seriola in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS Minimal inhibitory concentrations of 14 antimicrobials for 74 isolates from Seriola in Japan in 2002 were determined. Isolates showed high frequencies of resistance to sulfamonomethoxine (SMMX) (97.3%), oxytetracycline (OTC) (77.0%), flumequine (FMQ) (77.0%), chloramphenicol (CP) (75.7%), kanamycin (KM) (63.5%) and oxolinic acid (OA) (62.0%), but low to ampicillin (ABPC) (2.8%). All isolates were susceptible to bicozamycin (BCM), fosfomycin (FOM) and florfenicol (FF). Of these isolates, 45 (60.8%) showed same resistance pattern (SMMX-OTC-FMQ-OA-CP-KM). In random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, no difference was observed among our 74 field isolates and ATCC51736 isolated from Seriola in 1974 in Japan, but different from ATCC 17911 isolated from white perch in USA. CONCLUSIONS FF, BCM, FOM and ABPC were useful antimicrobials for treating pseudotuberculosis. However, the frequency of multidrug resistance was high. RAPD analysis showed homogeneity of isolates from Seriola in Japan. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrates that some antimicrobials were still useful for treating pseudotuberculosis and that P. damselae ssp. piscicida strains of same origin might have spread among Seriola in Japan since 1974.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kijima-Tanaka M, Ishihara K, Kojima A, Morioka A, Nagata R, Kawanishi M, Nakazawa M, Tamura Y, Takahashi T. A national surveillance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in food-producing animals in Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:230-7. [PMID: 16115097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2005.00852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To assess the public health risk, the prevalence and anti-microbial resistance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) among food-producing animals were studied throughout Japan. Faecal samples were collected from healthy animals of 272 cattle, 179 pigs, and 158 broilers on 596 farms in all 47 Japanese prefectures. STEC were isolated from 62 (23%) cattle and 32 (14%) pig samples but from no chicken samples. Of the bovine isolates, 19 belonged to serotypes frequently implicated in human disease (O157:H7/non-motile (NM)/H not typeable, O26:NM/H11/H21/H not typeable, O113:H21, and O145:NM). The eae genes were observed in 37% of bovine isolates; among them one O145:NM and all four O157 isolates possessed eae-gamma1, and one O145:NM, one O103:H11, and all five O26 isolates possessed eae-beta1 gene. Among the swine isolates, stx2e were dominant, and serotypes frequently implicated in human diseases or eae-positive isolates were not observed. Bovine isolates showed less anti-microbial resistance, but six isolates of 26:NM/H11 and O145:NM were multi-resistant and may need careful monitoring. Swine isolates showed various resistance patterns; chloramphenicol resistance patterns were more common than in bovine isolates. This first national study of STEC in the Japanese veterinary field should aid our understanding of Japan's STEC status.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kijima-Tanaka
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Tokyo, 185-8511, Japan.
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20
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Kawanishi M, Kojima A, Ishihara K, Esaki H, Kijima M, Takahashi T, Suzuki S, Tamura Y. Drug resistance and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of Lactococcus garvieae isolates from cultured Seriola (yellowtail, amberjack and kingfish) in Japan. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 40:322-8. [PMID: 15836733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the existing antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of Lactococcus garvieae isolates from cultured Seriola in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 14 antimicrobial agents for 170 isolates were determined using the agar dilution method. Seventy-five isolates (44.1%) were simultaneously resistant to erythromycin (EM) (MIC>or=2 microg ml-1), lincomycin (LCM) (MIC>or=128 microg ml-1) and oxytetracycline (OTC) (MIC>or=4 microg ml-1). Resistance to EM was grouped as intermediate- and high-level resistant by MIC values. All resistant isolates possessed ermB and tet(S) genes. The number of different bands between pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of 25 isolates and two ATCC strains (isolated in 1974), determined using two enzymes (ApaI and SmaI), did not exceed 3. CONCLUSIONS The present resistance pattern observed with ermB and tet(S) is similar to that observed in previous reports. Moreover, the genetic characteristics of L. garvieae isolates from a wide area in Japan in 2002 and ATCC strains were closely related. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study suggests that EM-, LCM- and OTC-resistant isolates have been present for 15 years and that L. garvieae strains with same origin have spread among Seriola spp. in Japan since 1974.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Watanabe H, Yamaguchi N, Kuwayama H, Sekine C, Uemura N, Kaise M, Nakamura T, Kubo M, Yoshida S, Haruma K, Inoue M, Shimatani T, Sanuki E, Mieno H, Kawanishi M, Nakazawa S, Tanaka T. Improvement in gastric histology following Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japanese peptic ulcer patients. J Int Med Res 2004; 31:362-9. [PMID: 14587302 DOI: 10.1177/147323000303100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine if successful or failed eradication of Helicobacter pylori with triple therapy causes any difference in gastric mucosal histology. Japanese H. pylori-positive patients with a healed peptic ulcer received high (n = 112) or low (n = 113) doses of triple therapy (omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) for 1 week. Biopsies from the greater curvature of the central antrum and upper corpus were taken 6 weeks and 30 weeks after treatment completion, and gastric mucosal histology compared between successful (n = 171) and failed (n = 34) eradication groups. Morphological variables of gastritis were graded according to the updated Sydney System. Successful eradication therapy was defined as improvement in inflammation, neutrophil activity and atrophy; failed eradication therapy as improvement in inflammation and neutrophil activity only. Gastric mucosal atrophy gradually improved (in addition to improvements in inflammation and neutrophil activity) with successful eradication of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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22
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Kawai N, Kawanishi M, Nagao S. Treatment of cold injury-induced brain edema with a nonspecific matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor MMI270 in rats. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2004; 86:291-5. [PMID: 14753455 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0651-8_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a critical event leading to vasogenic brain edema and secondary brain damage after cold injury-induced brain trauma. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in BBB disruption in this model. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of MMI270, a synthetic nonspecific MMP inhibitor, on cold injury-induced brain edema in rats. Treatment with MMI270, a bolus injection at a dose of 30 mg/kg, was started immediately after the induction of cold injury and was continued at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day using an intraperitoneal osmotic minipump. At 24 hours after the cold injury, the brain water content and the BBB permeability to Evans Blue (EB) were determined. The secondary brain lesion was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining at 7 days after the cold injury. Compared with the untreated control group, treatment with MMI270 significantly reduced the brain water content in the ipsilateral core and intermediate areas and protected the BBB integrity to EB in the ipsilateral core area. The secondary lesion was significantly smaller in the MMI270-treated animals compared with the untreated animals. Our results indicate that treatment with MMI270 in rats exhibits protection in acute brain edema formation and secondary brain lesion by attenuating the BBB permeability after cold injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kawai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan.
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23
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Pohjola SK, Savela K, Kuusimäki L, Kanno T, Kawanishi M, Weyand E. POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OF DIESEL AND GASOLINE EXHAUST AND DNA ADDUCT DETECTION IN CALF THYMUS DNA AND LYMPHOCYTE DNA OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO DIESEL EXHAUST. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/10406630490471465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Brain edema is an important clinical complication of intracerebral hematoma (ICH). Hypothermia has been employed as an effective neuroprotective treatment on cerebral ischemia and contusional brain injuries. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects of mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) on brain edema formation at 48 hours after ICH in the rat. Brain hypothermia started at 6, 12 and 24 hours after the induction of hematoma (HT6; n = 6, HT12; n = 11, HT24; n = 6). Brain water contents in the basal ganglia was significantly reduced in the rats treated with mild hypothermia compared with the normothermic rats (NT; 82.0 +/- 0.04% vs. HT6; 78.6 +/- 0.09%: p < 0.01, HT12; 79.7 +/- 0.05%.: p < 0.01, HT24; 79.7 +/- 0.05%: p < 0.01). Differences in the brain water content were not significant among the hypothermic subgroups. The BBB disruption to Evan's blue was significantly reduced with hypothermia compared with the normothermic rats in the ipsilateral basal ganglia (42.3 +/- 4.0 vs. 23.0 +/- 5.2 ng/g wet tissue; p < 0.05). Hypothermic treatment tended to inhibit the accumulation of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes in the lesion compared with the normothermic treatment (0.78 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.51 +/- 0.16 deltaAbs/mg tissue). This study indicates that hypothermic treatment significantly reduces the brain edema formation after ICH in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan.
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25
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Irie K, Kawanishi M, Nagao S. Balloon-assisted guglielmi detachable coil placement in wide-necked internal carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms: a report of four cases. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 2002; 45:146-50. [PMID: 12353161 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We present an endovascular technique for treating wide-necked ophthalmic aneurysms using Guglielmi detachable coils with simultaneous temporary balloon protection. Four illustrative cases of wide-necked ophthalmic aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils and a temporary balloon are presented. By blocking the parent artery with a non-detachable balloon, the coils could be safely placed in these aneurysms without herniation when the balloon was deflated. All patients exhibited embolic manifestations after the procedure, and the use of simultaneous temporary balloon protection allowed more dense intra-aneurysmal coil packing. Although this technique requires manipulation of a second microcatheter and balloon, which increases its technical difficulties and is a higher-risk procedure than the standard coil placement, it can be used for patients who are not candidates for surgery. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine the final outcome of aneurysms treated by this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Irie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan.
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26
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Gotoh K, Nishiura I, Nagata N, Yamamoto A, Kawanishi M, Handa H. [Multiple cerebral tuberculomas presenting with paradoxical expansion: a case report]. No Shinkei Geka 2001; 29:1075-9. [PMID: 11758315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A 24-year-old male presented with headache. He had been treated with antituberculous drugs for 19 months. MRI revealed 4 intracranial Gd-DTPA enhanced lesions surrounded by massive edema in the right frontal, both occipital and left basal ganglionic regions. Digital subtraction angiography showed no tumor stain. Two procedures for tumor resection were performed for the right frontal and left occipital regions, the latter of which definitively diagnosed by the polymerase chain reaction method. The tumors were well demarcated, showed a rough surface, and were elastically hard. The two residual lesions responded differently to chemotherapy. The lesion in the right occipital region decreased in size, while the other in the left basal ganglionic region continued to grow gradually 26 months after the antituberculous chemotherapy was started. According to previous reports, treatment should be continued for as long as 12-30 months in cases showing paradoxical expansion. In this case, the left basal ganglionic lesion began to decrease in size after 28 months of administration of anti-tuberculous drugs. We report successful treatment of a case of multiple tuberculomas presenting with paradoxical expansion managed by a combination of surgery and continuous chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gotoh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Takeda General Hospital, 28-1 Moriminami-cho, Ishida, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 601-1415, Japan
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27
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Kawanishi S, Inoue S, Oikawa S, Yamashita N, Toyokuni S, Kawanishi M, Nishino K. Oxidative DNA damage in cultured cells and rat lungs by carcinogenic nickel compounds. Free Radic Biol Med 2001; 31:108-16. [PMID: 11425496 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage in cultured cells and in lungs of rats induced by nickel compounds was investigated to clarify the mechanism of nickel carcinogenesis. DNA strand breaks in cultured cells exposed to nickel compounds were measured by using a pulsed field gel electrophoresis technique. Among nickel compounds (Ni(3)S(2), NiO (black), NiO (green), and NiSO(4)), only Ni(3)S(2), which is highly carcinogenic, induced lesions of both double- and single-stranded DNA in cultured human cells (Raji and HeLa cells). Treatment of cultured HeLa cells with Ni(3)S(2) (10 microg/ml) induced a 1.5-fold increase in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) compared with control, whereas NiO (black), NiO (green), and NiSO(4) did not enhance the generation of 8-OH-dG. Intratracheal instillation of Ni(3)S(2), NiO(black), and NiO(green) to Wistar rats increased 8-OH-dG in the lungs significantly. NiSO(4) induced a smaller but significant increase in 8-OH-dG. Histological studies showed that all the nickel compounds used induced inflammation in lungs of the rats. Nitric oxide (NO) generation in phagocytic cells induced by Ni(3)S(2), NiO(black), and NiO(green) was examined using macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells. NO generation in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was enhanced by all nickel particles. Two mechanisms for nickel-induced oxidative DNA damage have been proposed as follows: all the nickel compounds used induced indirect damage through inflammation, and Ni(3)S(2) also showed direct oxidative DNA damage through H(2)O(2) formation. This double action may explain relatively high carcinogenic risk of Ni(3)S(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kawanishi
- Department of Hygiene, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
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28
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Matsumoto Y, Morisaki K, Miyake K, Kawanishi M, Kawai N, Ogawa T, Irie K, Kunishio K, Nagao S. [Chemotherapy for gliomas based on the expression levels of drug resistant genes]. No Shinkei Geka 2001; 29:625-30. [PMID: 11517503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance, which often occurs during chemotherapy, is still a great obstacle to the success of human malignancy treatment. Among many possible mechanisms of drug resistance (biological, biochemical, kinetic or pharmacological), both typical and atypical multidrug-resistance (MDR) have been extensively studied. We picked up MDR-1, MXR, MRP1, MRP2, TopoII alpha, MGMT, and GST-pi as drug-resistant gene, based on experimental data and previous reports. Expression of these genes were measured in 14 malignant glioma specimens by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. We chose anticancer drugs for each patient, based on results of drug resistant gene expression to acquire good response to drugs. Though our follow-up periods are not long enough to analyze the results of our chemotherapy, 78% (7/9) of our glioma patients who were treated with our chemotherapy are free from tumor progression. The assays, which measure the expression of drug resistant genes, are necessary to allow rapid detection of the drug-sensitivity to chemotherapy in malignant glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Matsumoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, 1750-1 Iketo, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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29
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Irie K, Kawanishi M, Kunishio K, Nagao S. The efficacy and safety of transvenous embolisation in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas. J Clin Neurosci 2001; 8 Suppl 1:92-6. [PMID: 11386835 DOI: 10.1054/jocn.2001.0886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the role of transvenous embolisation including its efficacy and safety in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), we retrospectively analysed seven cases of intracranial DAVFs treated with transvenous embolisation in combination with arterial embolisation. Four DAVFs were in the cavernous sinus, two in the transverse-sigmoid sinus, and one in the inferior petrosal sinus. The transarterial and transvenous embolic agents included fibred platinum coils (FPC) and interlocking detachable coils (IDC). In all patients, the transarterial embolisation alone had failed to cure the DAVFs. After the combined transvenous embolisation, the anatomical cure was proven in five patients, and all patients were clinically cured. There were no complications in any patient. In conclusion, the transvenous embolisation is a useful and safe approach in the management of intracranial DAVFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Irie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan.
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30
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Abstract
Recent studies have shown that thrombin plays an important role in brain edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The possible mechanisms of thrombin-induced brain edema formation include blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and inflammatory response involving polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte. Animal experiments have revealed that moderate therapeutic hypothermia improves pathological and functional outcome in various models of brain injury. In this study, we examined the effect of hypothermia on thrombin-induced brain edema formation. Effects of hypothermia on BBB permeability and the accumulation of PMN leukocytes were also determined to clarify the protective mechanism of hypothermia in this model. Anesthetized adult rats received an injection of 10 Units of thrombin into the basal ganglia. Animals were separated into the normothermic and hypothermic groups, which were housed in a room maintained at 25 degrees C and in a cold room maintained at 5 degrees C, respectively, for 24 h after the thrombin injection. The brain temperature in rats housed in a cold room reduced temporarily to approximately 30 degrees C and then gradually recovered to 35 degrees C by the end of the observation. Brain water content in the basal ganglia was significantly reduced in rats treated with hypothermia compared to the normothermic rats (84.3+/-0.2 vs. 82.4+/-0.1%; P<0.01). The decrease of brain water content was accompanied with a significant reduction in BBB permeability to Evan's blue dye and in accumulation of PMN leukocytes. This study indicates that hypothermic treatment significantly reduces thrombin-induced brain edema formation in the rat. Inhibition of thrombin-induced BBB breakdown and inflammatory response by hypothermia appear to contribute to brain protection in this model. Hypothermic treatment may provide an approach to potentially reduce ongoing edema after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kawai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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31
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Irie K, Kawanishi M, Nagao S. Balloon-assisted coil placement in wide-necked cerebral aneurysms: preliminary clinical experience. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2000; 40:603-8; discussion 608-9. [PMID: 11153189 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.40.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endovascular treatment of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) has been limited due to coil protrusion into the artery. Seven patients with wide-necked cerebral aneurysms were treated with GDCs with temporary balloon inflation for mechanical protection during coil placement. Transarterial embolization of the aneurysm with GDCs had failed due to coil protrusion into the parent artery. The use of simultaneous temporary balloon protection achieved more dense intra-aneurysmal coil packing, especially in the neck, without compromising the parent artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Irie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa
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32
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Matsuoka N, Nomura E, Sugie A, Kawanishi M, Yamamura K, Kajikawa H, Kohriyama T, Nakamura S. [An analysis of characters and changes of the blood pressure in 29 cases on recurrence of cerebral infarction]. No To Shinkei 2000; 52:984-9. [PMID: 11215273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated changes of the blood pressure in 29 stroke patients before stroke recurrence and after recurrence. Additional antihypertensive drugs were not administered to all patients after stroke recurrence. Twenty-five lacunar infarct patients and 4 atherothrombotic infarct patients were included in this study. A significant difference was observed between the systolic blood pressure(SBP) within 4 weeks before recurrence and that just after recurrence(132.8 +/- 17.2 mmHg vs. 157.4 +/- 21.3 mmHg, Wilcoxon rank sum test, p < 0.001), or between the SBP just after and 2 weeks after stroke recurrence(157.4 +/- 21.3 mmHg vs. 138.0 +/- 18.3 mmHg, Wilcoxon rank sum test, p < 0.001). The similar difference was found in the diastolic blood pressure(DBP) or in the mean arterial blood pressure(MABP). There was no significant difference in the SBP, the DBP or the MABP between the patients before and 2 weeks after the stroke recurrence. These results suggested that the elevation of the blood pressure at recurrence decreased spontaneously to the pre-recurrence level of the blood pressure in about 2 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Matsuoka
- Section of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Suiseikai Kajikawa Hospital, Japan
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33
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Murakami N, Sugimoto M, Nakajima T, Kawanishi M, Tsutsui Y, Kobayashi M. Participation of the conjugated diene part for potent cytotoxicity of callystatin A, a spongean polyketide. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:2651-61. [PMID: 11092550 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
5-epi, 10-epi, 8-Deethyl, and 10-demethyl analogues of callystatin A, a potent cytotoxic spongean polyketide, were synthesized to elucidate structure-requirement for cytotoxic potency. Inversion of the asymmetric center at C-10 in callystatin A minimally affected the activity, while lack of the 10-methyl group in callystatin A decreased cytotoxicity. In addition, the C-5 epimer and the 8-deethyl analogue of callystatin A showed weaker cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Murakami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Kawanishi S, Oikawa S, Kawanishi M, Sugiyama H, Saito I, Strekowski L, Wilson WD. Amplification of pepleomycin-mediated DNA cleavage and apoptosis by unfused aromatic cations. Biochemistry 2000; 39:13210-5. [PMID: 11052673 DOI: 10.1021/bi0005310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An important approach to improve chemotherapy of members of the bleomycin (BLM) family of antibiotics is to find compounds (amplifiers) that enhance the activity of BLM-mediated DNA cleavage and apoptosis. Using a DNA-sequencing technique and pulsed field gel electrophoresis, we have investigated whether BLM-mediated cleavage of isolated and cellular DNA is amplifed by three compounds (RW-12, LS-20, 1S-5Me) which have a conformationally flexible, unfused polyaromatic system and cationic side chain in the molecules. RW-12 enhanced most effectively both pepleomycin (PEM)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. The order of the maximum enhancing effect of amplifiers on PEM-mediated DNA damage is RW-12 > LS-20 > 1S-5Me. RW-12 amplified PEM-mediated DNA cleavage most effectively not only in vitro but also in cultured cells. We have reported that the order of the DNA binding constants of these compounds is RW-12 > LS-20 > 1S-5Me. In this study, we found a good correlation between PEM-mediated cleavage of isolated DNA and cellular DNA. These results suggest that BLM amplifiers bind to DNA and by doing so enhance drug-mediated DNA degradation, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The present study on amplifiers of anticancer agents shows a novel approach to the potentially effective anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kawanishi
- Department of Hygiene, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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Kawanishi M, Enya T, Suzuki H, Takebe H, Matsui S, Yagi T. Postlabelling analysis of DNA adducts formed in human hepatoma cells treated with 3-nitrobenzanthrone. Mutat Res 2000; 470:133-9. [PMID: 11027967 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5742(00)00053-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitrobenzanthrone (NBA) is one of the most mutagenic nitroaromatic compounds that has been found recently in diesel exhaust and airborne particles. A [32P]-postlabelling analysis was carried out to examine the adducts in DNA from human hepatoma HepG2 cells treated with NBA. Two major and two minor adduct spots were obtained in the analysis. The structure of the compound obtained from one of the minor adduct spots was identified to be N-acetyl-3-amino-2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-3', 5'-bisphosphate-8-yl)-benzanthrone, based on identical mobility of the compound with that of synthetic standards in thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. This substance is the identical adduct found in our previous in vitro study. The yet-unidentified major adduct spots may be guanosin- and adenosin-benzanthrone adducts without the N-acetyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Control, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Shiga 520-0811, Otsu, Japan
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Abstract
A 58-year-old female was admitted unconscious to a local hospital. Computed tomography demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral angiography revealed evidence of moyamoya disease and a saccular aneurysm at the tip of the basilar artery. The patient was transferred to our hospital for embolization of the basilar tip aneurysm. Endovascular embolization was performed using Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs), and the aneurysm was completely occluded with preservation of the parent artery. No change in the patient's neurological status was seen during and after the procedure. Endovascular treatment using GDCs appears to be particularly suitable for ruptured cerebral saccular aneurysms in patients with moyamoya disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Irie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Medical University
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Hamada H, Haruma K, Mihara M, Kamada T, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G, Kawanishi M. High incidence of reflux oesophagitis after eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori: impacts of hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:729-35. [PMID: 10848656 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several recent studies have shown that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori provokes reflux oesophagitis, the results are conflicting. AIM To investigate the prevalence of reflux oesophagitis in patients after eradication of H. pylori and consider its association with hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis. METHODS A total of 286 patients who underwent H. pylori eradication therapy and 286 age- and disease-matched H. pylori-positive controls who did not undergo eradication therapy were followed prospectively. All patients and controls underwent endoscopy at 1-year intervals or when upper gastrointestinal symptoms recurred. The presence of hiatal hernia and histology of the gastric corpus were evaluated at the time of initial endoscopy. RESULTS The estimated prevalence of reflux oesophagitis within 3 years was 18% after eradication therapy and 0.3% without therapy. Patients who developed reflux oesophagitis after therapy had a greater prevalence of hiatal hernia (P=0.0008) and more severe corpus gastritis (P=0.0005) before therapy. Cumulative prevalence of reflux oesophagitis was 26% in patients with hiatal hernia, 7.7% in those without hiatal hernia, 33% in those with corpus atrophic gastritis and 13% in those without corpus atrophic gastritis. When patients had both hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis, the prevalence of reflux oesophagitis was 37%. The newly developed reflux oesophagitis was classified as mild in 35 out of 36 (97%) patients who developed reflux oesophagitis after eradication therapy. CONCLUSIONS Eradication of H. pylori increased the prevalence of reflux oesophagitis in our patient group. The presence of hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis are closely related to the development of reflux oesophagitis after H. pylori eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamada
- Gastrointestinal Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kawanishi M. The Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) enhances TNF alpha-induced apoptosis of intestine 407 epithelial cells: the role of LMP1 C-terminal activation regions 1 and 2. Virology 2000; 270:258-66. [PMID: 10792984 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) can protect some kinds of lymphocytes from apoptotic cell death. In contrast, the present study showed that the expression of LMP1 induced high susceptibility to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced apoptosis in intestine 407 epithelial cells, without affecting expression of TNF receptors I and II. LMP1-deletion mutants lacking either C-terminal activation region (CTAR)-1 or CTAR-2 had ability to enhance TNFalpha-induced apoptosis, whereas the deletion of both activation regions completely abolished the induction of high susceptibility to TNFalpha. Phosphorylation of the NFkB-inhibitory molecule IkB-alpha, another biological activity of TNFalpha, was not enhanced by LMP1-expression. LMP1 upregulated antiapoptotic gene A20 expression, suggesting that A20 can not block TNFalpha-induced apoptosis in this cell system. Apoptosis triggered by TNFalpha in LMP1-expressing intestine 407 cells was blocked by inhibitors of caspases-8 and -3. It is therefore concluded that in intestine 407 epithelial cells, LMP1 enhances primarily signal cascade responsible for TNFalpha-induced apoptosis, which occurs at a level upstream of acting site of caspases-8 and -3 and that CTAR-1 and CTAR-2 are involved in enhancement of TNFalpha-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan.
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Kawanishi M, Tamori Y, Okazawa H, Araki S, Shinoda H, Kasuga M. Role of SNAP23 in insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mediation of complex formation between syntaxin4 and VAMP2. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:8240-7. [PMID: 10713150 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.11.8240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both syntaxin4 and VAMP2 are implicated in insulin regulation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) trafficking in adipocytes as target (t) soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) and vesicle (v)-SNARE proteins, respectively, which mediate fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. Synaptosome-associated 23-kDa protein (SNAP23) is a widely expressed isoform of SNAP25, the principal t-SNARE of neuronal cells, and colocalizes with syntaxin4 in the plasma membrane of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In the present study, two SNAP23 mutants, SNAP23-DeltaC8 (amino acids 1 to 202) and SNAP23-DeltaC49 (amino acids 1 to 161), were generated to determine whether SNAP23 is required for insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Wild-type SNAP23 (SNAP23-WT) promoted the interaction between syntaxin4 and VAMP2 both in vitro and in vivo. Although SNAP23-DeltaC49 bound to neither syntaxin4 nor VAMP2, the SNAP23-DeltaC8 mutant bound to syntaxin4 but not to VAMP2. In addition, although SNAP23-DeltaC8 bound to syntaxin4, it did not mediate the interaction between syntaxin4 and VAMP2. Moreover, overexpression of SNAP23-DeltaC8 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer inhibited insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 but not that of GLUT1. In contrast, overexpression of neither SNAP23-WT nor SNAP23-DeltaC49 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes affected the translocation of GLUT4 or GLUT1. Together, these results demonstrate that SNAP23 contributes to insulin-dependent trafficking of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by mediating the interaction between t-SNARE (syntaxin4) and v-SNARE (VAMP2).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Nagasawa S, Kawanishi M, Tada Y, Kawabata S, Ohta T. Intra-operative measurement of cortical arterial flow volumes in posterior circulation using Doppler sonography. Neurol Res 2000; 22:194-6. [PMID: 10763509 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2000.11741060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Little has been reported on the flow volume of cortical arteries in the posterior circulation. During craniotomy in 28 patients, we measured the flow velocity of the arteries using microvascular Doppler sonography and recorded their arterial radii and the insonation angle. The flow velocities and radii were 25.7 cm sec-1 and 0.11 cm for the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), 19.5 cm sec-1 and 0.07 cm for the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), 19.6 cm sec-1 and 0.04 cm for the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), 14.9 cm sec-1 and 0.05 cm for the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), 28.3 cm sec-1 and 0.18 cm for the basilar artery, and 18.5 cm sec-1 and 0.16 cm for the vertebral artery, respectively. Since the flow velocities of these arteries were confined in a narrow range compared to the cross-sectional areas, the latter was considered to be the primary determinant for flow volume in these arteries. Based on certain assumptions, we estimated the flow volume of the PCA, SCA, AICA and ICA to be 60, 20, 10 and 10 ml min-1, respectively, which could be regarded as the current reference values for the arterial flow volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nagasawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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41
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Haruma K, Hamada H, Mihara M, Kamada T, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G, Kawanishi M. Negative association between Helicobacter pylori infection and reflux esophagitis in older patients: case-control study in Japan. Helicobacter 2000; 5:24-9. [PMID: 10672048 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have clarified a close association between H. pylori infection and gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer, but there is little information concerning the relationship between H. pylori infection and reflux esophagitis (RE). We investigated the relationship between H. pylori, RE, and corpus gastritis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Ninety-five patients with RE and 190 sex- and age-matched asymptomatic healthy controls demonstrating no localized lesions in the upper GI tract were studied and evaluated for H. pylori infection, histologic gastritis, serum gastrin, and pepsinogens (PGs). RESULTS H. pylori infection was significantly lower in RE patients than in asymptomatic controls (41% vs. 76%, p <.01). Histologic gastritis of both the antrum and corpus was significantly less frequent (antrum; p <.01, corpus; p <. 01), and serum levels of PGI and the PG I/II ratio were significantly higher in RE patients than in controls (PGI; p <.05, PG I/II ratio; p <.01). When the subjects were divided into two age groups (59 years of age and younger and 60 years of age and older), a significant difference was found only among patients over 60 years of age (29% vs. 85%, p <.01). Among subjects in this age group, gastritis in both the antrum and corpus were significantly milder in RE patients than in controls. Although the prevalence of H. pylori infection was similar between the two groups of patients under 59 years of age, corpus gastritis was significantly milder in patients than in controls (p <.05). CONCLUSIONS A significantly low prevalence of H. pylori infection was found in RE patients over 60 years of age but not in those under 59 in comparison with sex- and age-matched controls. The relative lack of corpus gastritis might play a role in the pathogenesis of RE in our population through preservation of the acid secretion area.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Haruma
- Gastrointestinal Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, and Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Mitsubishi Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Asahina H, Han Z, Kawanishi M, Kato T, Ayaki H, Todo T, Yagi T, Takebe H, Ikenaga M, Kimura SH. Expression of a mammalian DNA photolyase confers light-dependent repair activity and reduces mutations of UV-irradiated shuttle vectors in xeroderma pigmentosum cells. Mutat Res 1999; 435:255-62. [PMID: 10606816 DOI: 10.1016/s0921-8777(99)00051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Photoreactivation is one of the DNA repair mechanisms to remove UV lesions from cellular DNA with a function of the DNA photolyase and visible light. Two types of photolyase specific for cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and for pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidones (6-4PD) are found in nature, but neither is present in cells from placental mammals. To investigate the effect of the CPD-specific photolyase on killing and mutations induced by UV, we expressed a marsupial DNA photolyase in DNA repair-deficient group A xeroderma pigmentosum (XP-A) cells. Expression of the photolyase and visible light irradiation removed CPD from cellular DNA and elevated survival of the UV-irradiated XP-A cells, and also reduced mutation frequencies of UV-irradiated shuttle vector plasmids replicating in XP-A cells. The survival of UV-irradiated cells and mutation frequencies of UV-irradiated plasmids were not completely restored to the unirradiated levels by the removal of CPD. These results suggest that both CPD and other UV damage, probably 6-4PD, can lead to cell killing and mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Asahina
- Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamaguchi K, Nagasawa S, Kawabata S, Kawanishi M, Tada Y, Ohta T. Paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery: hydraulic simulation study on their locations and shape of the carotid siphon. Neurol Res 1999; 21:733-6. [PMID: 10596381 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.1999.11741006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hemodynamics of paraclinoid aneurysms were investigated focusing on the effects of their locations and shape of the carotid siphon. A transparent silicon model of the carotid siphon was constructed and a model aneurysm was attached to the outside of the curvature at three different sites. Glycerol solution was perfused into the model, and the half-life of the dye injected into the aneurysm was calculated as an index of the stagnant flow. Values of half-life changed significantly depending on the aneurysmal location and the siphon angle. When the siphon angle was 0 degree where C2 and C4 segments were parallel to each other, the half-life value was the lowest in the C2-C3 junction aneurysm, highest in the C3 segment aneurysm and intermediate in the C2 segment aneurysm. While the C2-C3 junction aneurysm maintained low values regardless of the angle, the C3 segment aneurysm values decreased and C2 segment aneurysm values increased with increases in the angle. These changes of half-life occur because the point at which the faster moving fluid component strikes the curved wall changes according to the siphon angle. These results are considered useful to determine the surgical indications, treatment modalities and post-surgical management of the aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Abstract
Since ebselen is known to have glutathione peroxidase-like activity and inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase, we investigated its protective effects against cerebral ischemia in the rat using microdialysis. Ebselen was given through a gastric tube 30 min before occlusion in the experimental groups. Ischemia was induced using 4-vessel occlusion either transiently (20-min occlusion of the arteries followed by reperfusion), or over a prolonged period (120-min occlusion). Extracellular lactate, pyruvate and purine catabolites were sampled using microdialysis and measured by high performance liquid chromatography. During ischemia, the level of lactate, adenosine, inosine and hypoxanthine in the control group increased markedly. The lactate: pyruvate ratio increased during ischemia and decreased after reperfusion. Although the level of lactate and adenosine decreased immediately after reperfusion, those of inosine and hypoxanthine showed delayed decrease. Ebselen reduced the maximum values of lactate and purine catabolites significantly and markedly in transient ischemia. Although it reduced the values significantly in prolonged ischemia, the decrements were less marked than those in transient ischemia. Based on these results we consider ebselen to protect against ischemic metabolic changes and to accelerate the recovery during reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kondoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Nagasawa S, Kawabata S, Kawanishi M, Yamaguchi K, Tada Y, Ohta T. [Simulation study on parent artery occlusion therapy for basilar head giant aneurysms: hemodynamic efficacy of additional bypass on enhancing aneurysmal thrombosis]. No Shinkei Geka 1999; 27:723-8. [PMID: 10457936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Parent artery occlusion therapy has been used as an alternative for directly untreatable basilar head giant aneurysms. However, some aneurysms still require additional technique to further induce intraaneurysmal stagnation and thrombosis. Using a hydraulic model, half-life of the dye in the model aneurysm was measured as an index of the intraaneurysmal stagnation. The ratio of diameters (D1, D2) of the two posterior communicating arteries (PCom) is defined as diameter ratio (DR) (D1/D2, D1 < D2). Occlusion therapy was simulated in 4 different sites. The most distal site was at the distal BA (Type A) and the most proximal site at the bilateral VA (Type D). The additional technique investigated was bypass placement to the P2 segment of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) on the smaller PCom side. The half-life was 2.5 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- 2SD) sec before occlusion. Occlusion therapy significantly increased the half-life depending on the occlusion site and DR values with the maximum values of infinite in Type A and 25 sec in Type D. Placement of the bypass decreased the tangential flow volume to the aneurysmal neck, and increased the time markedly in Types A and B, considerably in Type C and slightly in Type D. Parent artery occlusion therapy has been considered less beneficial for patients with a diameter ratio of less than 0.70 since aneurysmal stagnation depends on the diameter ratio. Bypass placement additional to the occlusion therapy is very useful in enhancing the aneurysmal stagnation, which would make those patients indicated for the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nagasawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Nakayama A, Kawanishi M, Takebe H, Morisawa S, Yagi T. Molecular analysis of mutations induced by a benzene metabolite, p-benzoquinone, in mouse cells using a novel shuttle vector plasmid. Mutat Res 1999; 444:123-31. [PMID: 10477346 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(99)00087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human population has been continually exposed to benzene which is present in our environment as an essential component of petroleum. p-Benzoquinone (p-BQ) is one of the benzene metabolites and is thought to be an ultimate toxic or carcinogenic substance. For molecular analysis of carcinogen-induced mutations in mouse cells, we constructed a new shuttle vector plasmid pNY200 that has supF gene as a target of the mutations and replicates in mouse and in Escherichia coli cells. In p-BQ-treated pNY200 propagated in mouse cells, base substitutions were induced predominantly at G:C sites, and the major mutation was G:C-->A:T transition. Many tandem base substitutions were also induced at CC:GG sequences. By a postlabeling analysis and a polymerase stop assay, we confirmed that p-BQ adducts formed in DNA and mutation sites roughly correspond to the sites where the adducts were formed. Comparing data of pNY200 in mouse cells with those of the similar shuttle vector plasmid pMY189 in human cells should be important for extrapolation of data from mouse to human, because carcinogenicity of chemicals is tested in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nakayama
- Division of Global Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Japan
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Abstract
This study have investigated the changes in soleus (Sol) H-reflexes by arm movement during freely standing (FS) and back-supported standing (BS) in healthy subjects. Before the arm movement, there is an anticipatory phase, which includes increased electromyographic (EMG) activity in the biceps femoris (BF) and decreased EMG activity of the Sol muscle. The Sol H-reflex appeared to be inhibited during the anticipatory phase as well as during the time of arm movement. However, the inhibition appeared to be larger in FS than in BS conditions. Vibration applied to the tendon of the BF muscle depressed the Sol H-reflex. This inhibition was attributed to presynaptic inhibition and was reduced during the anticipatory phase, and was not very much changed during arm movements. It is suggested that the depression of the Sol H-reflex induced by voluntary arm movement has two inhibitory components of different origins. Descending motor commands generate the early inhibitory component, while the late component is produced by the presynaptic inhibition that results from peripheral inputs. The inhibition related to anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) indicates that a new-setting of the spinal mechanisms is required and responsible in order to stabilize body equilibrium which is dependent upon different postural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Department of Sports Sciences, Hiroshima Bunkyou Women's College, 1-2-1 Kabehigashi, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 731-0222, Japan
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Kawanishi M, Yahagi S, Shimura K, Kasai T. Dependence of deltoid muscle activity upon initial angles of shoulder abduction prior to flexion. Percept Mot Skills 1999; 88:879-91. [PMID: 10407894 DOI: 10.2466/pms.1999.88.3.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that the direction and selectivity of an appropriately modified version of shoulder flexion is dependent upon initial angles of shoulder abduction. Analysis indicated that initial small angles of shoulder abduction were associated with longer electromyographic (EMG) durations of the agonist (anterior deltoid) muscle. Moreover, as initial angles became smaller, EMG onsets of the antagonist (posterior deltoid muscle) occurred nearer to those of the agonist. Modulations of duration of the agonist EMG activity can be explained by changes in amplitude of movement. Two possible interpretations of the changes of EMG onset of the antagonist in accordance with different initial angles of shoulder abduction are considered. One concerns the effect of the change on the load of the upper limb, dependent on different angles of shoulder abduction. The second concerns the changing role of the antagonist to a synergist, dependent upon decreased initial angles of shoulder abduction prior to the shoulder flexion. Based on the present findings, it is suggested that angles of shoulder abduction are an important determinant of agonist-antagonist muscle activity of the deltoid during flexion of the shoulder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawanishi
- Division of Sports and Health Sciences, Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Japan
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49
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Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Arase Y, Chayama K, Suzuki Y, Kobayashi M, Tsubota A, Nakamura I, Murashima N, Kumada H, Kawanishi M. Effect of interferon therapy on hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis type C: A long-term observation study of 1,643 patients using statistical bias correction with proportional hazard analysis. Hepatology 1999; 29:1124-30. [PMID: 10094956 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510290439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The activity of interferon (IFN) is not elucidated from the viewpoint of cancer prevention in chronic hepatitis C patients en masse. The hepatocellular carcinogenesis rate was analyzed statistically in 1,643 patients with chronic hepatitis C: 1,191 patients with IFN therapy and 452 without IFN therapy. Hepatocellular carcinogenesis rates in the treated and untreated groups were 2.1% and 4.8% at the end of the 5th year, and 7.6% and 12.4% at the 10th year, respectively (P =.0036). Multivariate analysis showed that IFN slightly decreased the risk of carcinogenesis by 33%, compared with that of untreated patients (P =. 14), adjusting for the confounding effects of age, fibrotic stage, gender, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) value. Among 1,191 patients with IFN, 461 patients attained persistent loss of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, and the other 145 patients retained normal alanine transaminase (ALT) values without loss of HCV RNA. The hazard of carcinogenesis in these 606 patients with persistent normal ALT with or without HCV-RNA clearance was significantly lower than that of untreated patients (hazard ratio: 0.32; P =.012) and that of the abnormal aminotransferase group. Among patients with chronic hepatitis C, IFN significantly decreased the hepatocellular carcinogenesis rate in those patients with normal or persistent low ALT values.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, and Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Nagasawa S, Kawanishi M, Tada Y, Kawabata S, Ohta T. Simulation of therapeutic parent artery occlusion for basilar head aneurysms. Hemodynamic effect of occlusion sites and diameters of collateral arteries. Neurol Res 1999; 21:180-4. [PMID: 10100205 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.1999.11740915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We simulated parent artery occlusion therapy for basilar head aneurysms to elucidate the hemodynamic changes induced by different occlusion sites and diameters of the posterior communicating arteries (PCom) as collateral pathways. A vascular model of the vertebrobasilar system with a basilar head aneurysm was constructed. Four types of occlusion were simulated: Basilar artery occlusion distal to (Type A), between (Type B) and proximal to (Type C) the superior cerebellar arteries, and bilateral vertebral artery occlusion (Type D). Glycerol solution was perfused into the model, and the half-life of the dye injected into the aneurysm was calculated and regarded as an index of stagnant flow in the aneurysm. The half-life was increased significantly and nonlinearly after parent artery occlusion, depending on the occlusion site and the ratio of two PCom diameters (diameter ratio). Intra-aneurysmal stagnation developed markedly in Type A and Type B in the diameter ratio higher than 0.70 and considerably in Type C in the ratio higher than 0.80. Additional P1 occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery enhanced the stagnation in Type A and B. Since the results are consistent with the published clinical data, the simulation study will be useful for speculating the efficacy of the therapeutic occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nagasawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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