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Le XTT, Nguyen DT, Pham MT, Trinh MV, Le PC, Do VM. Risk assessment of microplastic exposure: A case study near a refinery factory at the central coast of Vietnam. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 196:115636. [PMID: 37813060 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify the presence of microplastics on the beach near a refinery in the central coast of Vietnam. In this study, 11 sampling sites were selected within a length of 300 m of the beach. The results showed that microplastics were presented in all collected samples with an average concentration of 1582 ± 660 MPs/kg. Fibers were the predominant shape of microplastics found in the samples, which accounted for 57.11 %, while the rest were classified as fragments. The average size of microplastics varied greatly around 83.1 ± 74.3 μm with the vast majority having a size smaller than 50 μm (41.84 %). A total of 11 polymers of microplastics were detected from collected samples, Polyethylene Terephthalate was the main polymer with 46.43 %. The pollution load index of microplastics was 3.15 showing that refinery activities could expose microplastic to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Thanh Thao Le
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam
| | - Duy Thanh Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Tuan Pham
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Road, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi 11600, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Viet Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam
| | - Phuoc Cuong Le
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, Danang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Van Manh Do
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11300, Viet Nam.
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Nguyen TH, Tran HN, Vu HA, Trinh MV, Nguyen TV, Loganathan P, Vigneswaran S, Nguyen TM, Trinh VT, Vu DL, Nguyen THH. Laterite as a low-cost adsorbent in a sustainable decentralized filtration system to remove arsenic from groundwater in Vietnam. Sci Total Environ 2020; 699:134267. [PMID: 31677468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the Red River Delta, Vietnam, arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a serious problem where more than seventeen million people are affected. Millions of people in this area are unable to access clean water from the existing centralized water treatment systems. They also cannot afford to buy expensive household water filters. Similar dangerous situations exist in many other countries and for this reason there is an urgent need to develop a cost-effective decentralized filtration system using new low-cost adsorbents for removing arsenic. In this study, seven locally available low-cost materials were tested for arsenic removal by conducting batch adsorption experiments. Of these materials, a natural laterite (48.7% Fe2O3 and 18.2% Al2O3) from Thach That (NLTT) was deemed the most suitable adsorbent based on arsenic removal performance, local availability, stability/low risk and cost (US$ 0.10/kg). Results demonstrated that the adsorption process was less dependent on the solution pH from 2.0 to 10. The coexisting anions competed with As(III) and As(V) in the order, phosphate > silicate > bicarbonate > sulphate > chloride. The adsorption process reached a fast equilibrium at approximately 120-360 min, depending on the initial arsenic concentrations. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of NLTT at 30 °C were 512 μg/g for As(III) and 580 μg/g for As(V), respectively. Thermodynamic study conducted at 10 °C, 30 °C, and 50 °C suggested that the adsorption process of As(III) and As(V) was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. A water filtration system packed with NLTT was tested in a childcare centre in the most disadvantaged community in Ha Nam province, Vietnam, to determine arsenic removal performance in an operation lasting six months. Findings showed that the system reduced total arsenic concentration in groundwater from 122 to 237 μg/L to below the Vietnam drinking water standard of 10 μg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hai Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia; Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hai Nguyen Tran
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Hai Anh Vu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Viet Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | - Tuan Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Tuyen Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Duc Loi Vu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Kalaruban M, Loganathan P, Nguyen TV, Nur T, Hasan Johir MA, Nguyen TH, Trinh MV, Vigneswaran S. Iron-impregnated granular activated carbon for arsenic removal: Application to practical column filters. J Environ Manage 2019; 239:235-243. [PMID: 30903835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a major drinking water contaminant in many countries causing serious health hazards, and therefore, attempts are being made to remove it so that people have safe drinking water supplies. The effectiveness of arsenic removal from As(V) solutions using granular activated carbon (GAC) (zero point of charge (ZPC) pH 3.2) and iron incorporated GAC (GAC-Fe) (ZPC pH 8.0) was studied at 25 ± 1 °C. The batch study confirmed that GAC-Fe had higher Langmuir adsorption capacity at pH 6 (1.43 mg As/g) than GAC (1.01 mg As/g). Adsorption data of GAC-Fe fitted the Freundlich model better than the Langmuir model, thus indicating the presence of heterogeneous adsorption sites. Weber and Morris plots of the kinetic adsorption data suggested intra-particle diffusion into meso and micro pores in GAC. The column adsorption study revealed that 2-4 times larger water volumes can be treated by GAC-Fe than GAC, reducing the arsenic concentration from 100 μg/L to the WHO guideline of 10 μg/L. The volume of water treated increased with a decrease in flow velocity and influent arsenic concentration. The study indicates the high potential of GAC-Fe to remove arsenic from contaminated drinking waters in practical column filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahatheva Kalaruban
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Tanjina Nur
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Md Abu Hasan Johir
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Thi Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Viet Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Abstract
Feeding rats a diet deficient in choline results in fatty liver within 1 d. We studied the effect of short-term (1-3 d) choline deficiency on rat liver Z protein (fatty acid-binding protein). Groups of three females Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum a purified diet lacking choline and L-methionine or were supplemented with 0.2% choline chloride and 0.82% L-methionine. Animals were killed after 1, 2 or 3 d of consuming control or experimental diets and hepatic Z protein was prepared. Z protein in livers from experimental and control rats were estimated with the fluorescent probe dansylamino undecanoic acid. The corresponding fatty acid-binding activity was also determined. One day of choline-deficient diet increased Z protein concentration threefold, reaching a plateau on the second and third day. Fatty acid-binding activity of Z protein remained unchanged.
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