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Batra M, Tian R, Zhang C, Clarence E, Sacher CS, Miranda JN, De La Fuente JRO, Mathew M, Green D, Patel S, Bastidas MVP, Haddadi S, Murthi M, Gonzalez MS, Kambali S, Santos KHM, Asif H, Modarresi F, Faghihi M, Mirsaeidi M. Role of IgG against N-protein of SARS-CoV2 in COVID19 clinical outcomes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3455. [PMID: 33568776 PMCID: PMC7875990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nucleocapsid Protein (N Protein) of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is located in the viral core. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) targeting N protein is detectable in the serum of infected patients. The effect of high titers of IgG against N-protein on clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV2 disease has not been described. We studied 400 RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV2 patients to determine independent factors associated with poor outcomes, including Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) admission, prolonged MICU stay and hospital admissions, and in-hospital mortality. We also measured serum IgG against the N protein and correlated its concentrations with clinical outcomes. We found that several factors, including Charlson comorbidity Index (CCI), high levels of IL6, and presentation with dyspnea were associated with poor clinical outcomes. It was shown that higher CCI and higher IL6 levels were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Anti-N protein IgG was detected in the serum of 55 (55%) patients at the time of admission. A high concentration of antibodies, defined as signal to cut off ratio (S/Co) > 1.5 (75 percentile of all measurements), was found in 25 (25%) patients. The multivariable logistic regression models showed that between being an African American, higher CCI, lymphocyte counts, and S/Co ratio > 1.5, only S/Co ratio were independently associated with MICU admission and longer length of stay in hospital. This study recommends that titers of IgG targeting N-protein of SARS-CoV2 at admission is a prognostic factor for the clinical course of disease and should be measured in all patients with SARS-CoV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Batra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Runxia Tian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Chongxu Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Megan Mathew
- School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Desmond Green
- School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sayari Patel
- School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sara Haddadi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Mukunthan Murthi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Miguel Santiago Gonzalez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shweta Kambali
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kayo H M Santos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Huda Asif
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | | | | | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave # 7072B, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Rajavi Z, Feizi M, Aliasghar Nabavi S, Sabbaghi H, Behradfar N, Mehdi Yaseri MS, Faghihi M, Abdi S. Slanted versus Augmented Recession for Horizontal Strabismus. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2019; 14:465-473. [PMID: 31875102 PMCID: PMC6825697 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v14i4.5453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the surgical outcomes of slanted versus augmented recession in patients with horizontal strabismus. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, a total of 100 esotropic (ET) and exotropic (XT) patients with a high AC/A ratio which was defined as a difference of ≥ 10 prism diopters (pd) between the distance and near deviations were included if the patients had a distance deviation ≥ 15 pd. Patients were randomly assigned into the slanted (n = 26 in ET and n = 24 in XT group) and augmented recession groups (n = 25 in ET and n = 25 in XT group). In the slanted group, recession was performed on the superior and inferior poles of the muscle based on the distance and near deviations, respectively, while in the augmented recession group, the muscles were recessed 1.00 or 1.50 mm more than the standard amount according to the distance and near difference between 10 and 20 pd or > 20 pd, respectively. Results The mean age was 9.8 ± 9.6 years and 63% were female. There was a significant postoperative reduction of difference in convergence excess in ET cases compared to patients who underwent the augmented recession procedure (12.65 ± 6.16 vs 8.64 ± 6.1 pd, P = 0.014). Among our XT groups, there was no significant difference in postoperative reduction in the XT angle in the slanted group compared with the augmented group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Slanted recession is recommended in convergence excess ET patients. In XT patients, either slanted or augmented recession may be chosen according to the priority and experience of the surgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhale Rajavi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Negah Specialty Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Feizi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Aliasghar Nabavi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Behradfar
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M S Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abdi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Nabovati P, Shahraki FA, Ostadimoghaddam H, Faghihi M, Aghamirsalim M, Doostdar A, Yekta A. Accommodative insufficiency in a student population in Iran. J Optom 2019; 12:161-167. [PMID: 29802027 PMCID: PMC6612034 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of accommodative insufficiency (AI) and its relation with age, gender, and refractive errors in a college-age student population in Iran. METHODS The present study was conducted cross-sectionally in 2017. All students had optometric tests including measurement of visual acuity, objective and subjective refraction, as well as binocular vision and accommodative examinations. Amplitude of accommodation was measured with the Donders' push-up method using the Royal Air Force (RAF) rule. Monocular accommodative facility was measured with ±2.00diopter flipper lenses. The accommodative response was tested using dynamic retinoscopy with the monocular estimation method (MEM). RESULTS The prevalence of AI in the studied population was 4.07% (95% CI: 2.61-5.52). The rate was 6.04% (95% CI: 3.58-8.50) in females and 2.01% (95% CI: 0.53-3.48) in males, and logistic regression showed a significantly higher odds of AI in females (OR=3.14, 95% CI: 1.33-7.45, p-value=0.009). The prevalence of AI was 2.59% (95% CI: 0.55-7.56) in the 18-19-year-old age group and 4.08% (95% CI: 0.09-8.07) in the 24-25-year-old group (p-value=0.848). The prevalence of AI among emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic individuals was 3.74% (95% CI: 1.88-5.61), 4.44% (95% CI: 2.07-6.81), and 5.26% (95% CI: 4.79-16.32), respectively (p-value=0.869). In the multiple regression model, only gender showed significant relationship with AI (Odds ratio=3.14, 95% CI: 1.33-7.45; p-values=0.009). CONCLUSION The prevalence of AI in the present study is lower than the most prevalence rates reported in previous studies. In the present study, gender and AI showed a strong association, such that AI prevalence was significantly higher in females than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Nabovati
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azad Shahraki
- Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Ostadimoghaddam
- Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asgar Doostdar
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Moradi F, Imani AR, Faghihi M. Effects of regular exercise plus food restriction on left ventricular pathological remodeling in heart failure‑induced rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 120:243-248. [PMID: 31023045 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2019_044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodeling is the main pathophysiological process leading to heart failure. Exercise and food restriction have been shown to exert some profound physiological benefits. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of exercise plus food restriction (FR) on rat left ventricular remodeling. METHODS Fifty male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. 1) Sham (saline injection), 2) ISO (isoproterenol injection), 3) FR+ ISO (8 weeks with 60 % food restriction and then isoproterenol injection), 4) E+ISO (run-in period of 4 weeks on treadmill and then isoproterenol injection), and 5) FR+E+ISO. Serum levels of creatine kinase, nitric oxide, gene expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I and II, Beclin-1, Bax and Bcl2 and TUNEL staining were investigated. RESULTS ISO increased the plasma CK-MB level, gene expression of Bax and TUNEL‑positive cells in left ventricle and at the same time, decreased the serum level of NO. Regular exercise plus food restriction enhanced the expression of LC3B-II, Beclin-1, Bcl2 genes and elevated LC3B-II / LC3B-Ι, while decreasing the gene expression of Bax and TUNEL‑positive cells in the left ventricle. CONCLUSION Our results propose that exercise plus food restriction is more effective than either therapy alone for possibly preserving cardiac internal defenses against heart failure consequences and remodeling (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 20).
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Rajavi Z, Norouzi S, Sabbaghi H, Yaseri M, Abdi S, Faghihi M. The effect of inferior oblique muscle weakening on horizontal alignment. J Curr Ophthalmol 2019; 31:298-304. [PMID: 31528765 PMCID: PMC6742622 DOI: 10.1016/j.joco.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the postoperative horizontal alignment changes following different inferior oblique (IO) weakening procedures on cases with IO overaction (IOOA). Methods A total of 40 patients undergoing IO weakening surgery participated in this prospective interventional case series. A comprehensive ophthalmic examination was performed on all patients. The grade of IOOA was assessed based on the muscle function in the gaze of elevation in adduction. All study subjects were operated on by one of the IO weakening procedures including recession, myectomy, or anteriorization, and all were followed up for at least three months after the surgery. Postoperative change of the horizontal alignment in primary position was the main outcome measure. Results Our findings showed that all types of IO weakening surgeries improved the postoperative muscle function, hypertopia, and V-pattern significantly (P = 0.001). Generally, IO weakening surgeries had no effect on the postoperative horizontal alignment, and mean exoshift of 0.44 ± 6.2 prism diopters (PD) was observed in all study subjects, specifically. It was found that 70% of cases had no postoperative horizontal changes, 15% showed improvement toward orthophoria, and 15% shifted away from orthophoria. Conclusions Based on our findings, no horizontal alignment change would be expected in the majority of cases undergoing weakening procedures of overacted IO. Most of our cases did not show any change while a few of them presented eso- or exoshift less than 5 pd which can be clinically ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhale Rajavi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Norouzi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 23 Paidar Fard, Bostan 9, Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, 16666, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abdi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rajavi Z, Sabbaghi H, Behradfar N, Yaseri M, Aghazadeh Amiri M, Faghihi M. Macular Thickness in Moderate to Severe Amblyopia. Korean J Ophthalmol 2018; 32:312-318. [PMID: 30091310 PMCID: PMC6085182 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2017.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the macular retinal thickness of moderately to severely amblyopic eyes with non-amblyopic eyes as controls. METHODS This case control study was conducted on 56 children aged 4 to 10 years old (64.3% female subjects). Twenty-eight children had unilateral amblyopia (28 amblyopic eyes as cases and 28 normal fellow eyes as internal controls) and 28 children had normal visual acuity in both eyes and were considered as external controls (n = 56 eyes). Among our cases, 14 had strabismic amblyopia and 14 had anisometropic amblyopia. Macular retinal thickness was measured using optical coherence tomography at the center and in 1-, 3-, and 6-mm rings. RESULTS Best-corrected visual acuity of the amblyopic eyes was less than that of the internal and external controls, and the best-corrected visual acuity of their fellow eyes was also less than that of the external controls. Thickness of the central macula and a 1-mm ring area in the amblyopic eyes was higher than that of both internal and external controls. Difference of central macular thickness ≥20 μm between two eyes of the amblyopic children was significantly more than non-amblyopic subjects. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study, the macular retinal thickness was significantly higher in moderate to severe amblyopic eyes compared to their fellow eyes and external controls. This might be due to macular developmental disorders in amblyopic eyes. Therefore, optical coherence tomography imaging is recommended if subtle macular abnormalities are suspected in moderate to severe amblyopic eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhale Rajavi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Behradfar
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghazadeh Amiri
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Eye Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rajavi Z, Sabbaghi H, Torkian P, Behradfar N, Yaseri M, Feizi M, Faghihi M, Sheibani K. The relationship between abduction deficit and reoperation among patients with infantile esotropia. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:478-483. [PMID: 29600183 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.03.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the relationship between abduction deficit and reoperation among patients with infantile esotropia (IET). METHODS The records of 216 patients (432 eyes) with IET who underwent surgery, from 2010 to 2015 were studied. Patients with IET whose deviation appeared before 6mo of age and had stable preoperative deviation in two examinations with at least 2wk apart and a minimum 3mo postoperative follow up were included. Cases with early onset accommodative esotropia, congenital cataract, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), manifest nystagmus, fundus lesions, neurologic and ophthalmic anomalies, 6th nerve palsy and Duane's syndrome were excluded. Preoperative abduction deficit was considered from -1 to -3 grading scale. Three months after surgery, children were classified into no-need reoperation [deviation≤15 prism diopters (PD)], and need-reoperation groups (deviation>15 PD). RESULTS In this retrospective study, 117 female and 99 male patients with the mean surgical age of 4.7±6.4y were included. Reoperation rate was 33.3% and 16.0% in IET patients with and without abduction deficit, respectively in patients who had a history of late surgery. Abduction deficit increased the odds of reoperation by 82% [OR=1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.05 to 3.19, P=0.003] in patients who had a history of late surgery (>2 years old, P=0.021). Abduction deficit was improved significantly after operation (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Based on our results, abduction deficit can be considered as a risk factor of reoperation in IET patients who are operated at the age of more than 2y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhale Rajavi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1666673111, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1666673111, Iran.,Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1616913111, Iran
| | - Pooya Torkian
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Narges Behradfar
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1616913111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Feizi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1666673111, Iran.,Torfeh Eye Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1149847514, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Torfeh Eye Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1149847514, Iran
| | - Kourosh Sheibani
- Basir Eye Health Research Center, Basir Eye Clinic, Tehran 1418643113, Iran
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Rajavi Z, Feizi M, Naderi A, Sabbaghi H, Behradfar N, Yaseri M, Faghihi M. Graded versus ungraded inferior oblique anterior transposition in patients with asymmetric dissociated vertical deviation. J AAPOS 2017; 21:476-479.e1. [PMID: 29111457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.07.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the surgical outcomes of graded versus ungraded inferior oblique anterior transposition (IOAT) in treatment of patients with asymmetric dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) and bilateral inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS A total of 74 eyes of 37 patients with asymmetric DVD (interocular difference of ≥5Δ) and bilateral IOOA of > +1 were included in this randomized clinical trial. In the ungraded group (n = 18), both inferior oblique muscles were sutured at the inferior rectus level; in the graded group (n = 19), the inferior oblique muscles of eyes with more DVD were sutured at the level of the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles of eyes with less DVD were sutured 2 mm posterior to the level of the inferior rectus muscle. RESULTS DVD was significantly reduced in each group (P < 0.001 for both). Although the postoperative mean difference of asymmetry of DVD was less in the ungraded group compared to the graded group (1.2 ± 1.9 vs 3.2 ± 1.2 [P = 0.001]), the absolute amounts of reduction of DVD asymmetry were similar (4.3 ± 2.3 vs 4.4 ± 3.1 [P = 0.78]). IOOA and V patterns were also reduced postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Each method of IOAT was effective in reducing DVD, asymmetry, IOOA, and V patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhale Rajavi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Feizi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Naderi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Behradfar
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Faghihi M, Hashemi H, Nabovati P, Saatchi M, Yekta A, Rafati S, Ostadimoghaddam H, Khabazkhoob M. The Prevalence of Amblyopia and Its Determinants in a Population-based Study. Strabismus 2017; 25:176-183. [DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2017.1391849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faghihi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Nabovati
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saatchi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shokoofeh Rafati
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Ostadimoghaddam
- Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rajavi Z, Feizi M, Behradfar N, Yaseri M, Sayanjali S, Motevaseli T, Sabbaghi H, Faghihi M. Inferior Oblique Overaction: Anterior Transposition Versus Myectomy. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2017; 54:232-237. [PMID: 28510770 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20170309-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of inferior oblique myectomy and anterior transposition for correcting inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS This retrospective study was conducted on 56 patients with IOOA who had either myectomy or anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle from 2010 to 2015. The authors compared preoperative and postoperative inferior oblique muscle function grading (-4 to +4) as the main outcome measure and vertical and horizontal deviation, dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and A- and V-pattern between the two surgical groups as secondary outcomes. RESULTS A total of 99 eyes of 56 patients with a mean age of 5.9 ± 6.5 years were included (47 eyes in the myectomy group and 52 eyes in the anterior transposition group). There were no differences in preoperative best corrected visual acuity, amblyopia, spherical equivalent, and primary versus secondary IOOA between the two groups. Both surgical procedures were effective in reducing IOOA and satisfactory results were similar between the two groups: 61.7% and 67.3% in the myectomy and anterior transposition groups, respectively (P = .56). After adjustment for the preoperative DVD, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups postoperatively. The preoperative hypertropia was 6 to 14 and 6 to 18 prism diopters (PD) in the myectomy and anterior transposition groups, respectively. After surgery, no patient had a vertical deviation greater than 5 PD. CONCLUSIONS Both the inferior oblique myectomy and anterior transposition procedures are effective in reducing IOOA with similar satisfactory results. DVD and hypertropia were also corrected similarly by these two surgical procedures. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017;54(4):232-237.].
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Abstract
Purpose To advance our understanding how the outer eye interacts with its environment, we asked which cellular receptors are expressed in the cornea, focusing on G protein-coupled receptors. Methods Total RNA from the mouse cornea was subjected to next-generation sequencing using the Illumina platform. The data was analyzed with TopHat and CuffLinks software packages. Expression of a representative group of genes detected by RNA-seq was further analyzed by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization using RNAscope technology and fluorescent microscopy. Results We generated more than 46 million pair-end reads from mouse corneal RNA. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the mouse corneal transcriptome reconstructed from these reads represents over 10,000 gene transcripts. We identified 194 GPCR transcripts, of which 96 were putative olfactory receptors. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the presence of several olfactory receptors and related genes, including olfactory marker protein and the G protein associated with olfaction, Gαolf. In situ hybridization showed that mRNA for olfactory marker protein, Gαolf and possibly some olfactory receptors were found in the corneal epithelial cells. In addition to the corneal epithelium, Gαolf was present in the ganglionic and inner nuclear layers of the retina. One of the olfactory receptors, Olfr558, was present primarily in vessels of the eye co-stained with antibodies against alpha-smooth muscle actin, indicating expression in arterioles. Conclusions Several species of mRNA encoding putative olfactory receptors and related genes are expressed in the mouse cornea and other parts of the eye indicating they may play a role in sensing chemicals in the ocular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Pronin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AP); (VZS)
| | - Konstantin Levay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dmitry Velmeshev
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Valery I. Shestopalov
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Vladlen Z. Slepak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AP); (VZS)
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Slepak V, Pronin A, Levay K, Velmeshev D, Faghihi M, Shestopalov V. Expression of olfactory GPCR signaling genes in the eye (662.15). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.662.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladlen Slepak
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami School of MedicineMiamiFLUnited States
| | - Alexey Pronin
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami School of MedicineMiamiFLUnited States
| | - Konstantin Levay
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami School of MedicineMiamiFLUnited States
| | - Dmitry Velmeshev
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami School of MedicineMiamiFLUnited States
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami School of MedicineMiamiFLUnited States
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Salour H, Tavakoli M, Karimi S, Rezaei Kanavi M, Faghihi M. Granular cell tumor of the orbit. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2013; 8:376-9. [PMID: 24653826 PMCID: PMC3957045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of granular cell tumor as a rare orbital pathology. CASE REPORT A 50-year-old female presented with a 4-year history of diplopia, right ocular displacement and a firm nontender mass in her right lower lid. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbit disclosed a well-defined mass in the right inferior orbit involving the right inferior rectus. Subtotal excision of the mass was performed, and histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies revealed granular cell tumor. Subsequently, the tumor recurred and exenteration was required as multiple sessions of radiotherapy failed to prevent the residual tumor from growing. CONCLUSION Granular cell tumor, though very rare in the orbit, should be considered in patients with orbital masses especially in cases with involvement of the inferior rectus muscle. Infiltrative tumors may be impossible to completely resect and can rapidly recur following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Salour
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Tavakoli
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence to: Mehdi Tavakoli, MD, FICO. Labbafinejad Medical Center, Paidarfard St., Boostan 9 St., Pasdaran, Tehran 16666, Iran; Tel: + 98 21 2258 5952, Fax: +98 21 2259 0607; e-mail:
| | - Saeed Karimi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faghihi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kaboudin B, Faghihi M. Synthesis of [1-(Dimethylamino)alkyl]phosphonates from (1-Hydroxyalkyl)phosphonates: Transformation of Allylic Hydroxyphosphonates into Allylic Aminophosphonates. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1218713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shojaei A, Faghihi M. Analysis of structure-properties relationship in nitrile-butadiene rubber/phenolic resin/organoclay ternary nanocomposites using simple model system. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sadeghi AMM, Avadi MR, Ejtemaimehr S, Abashzadeh S, Partoazar A, Dorkoosh F, Faghihi M, Rafiee-Tehrani M, Junginger HE. Development of a Gas Empowered Drug Delivery system for peptide delivery in the small intestine. J Control Release 2008; 134:11-7. [PMID: 19014985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 10/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to design a novel Gas Empowered Drug Delivery (GEDD) system for CO(2) forced transport of peptide drugs together with mucoadhesive polymers to the surface of the small intestine. The GEDD effect of the core tablet was achieved using CO(2) gas to push insulin together with the mucoadhesive excipients poly(ethyleneoxide) (PEO) and the permeation enhancer trimethyl chitosan (TMC) to the surface of the small intestine. The in-vitro insulin release showed that almost 100% of the insulin was released from enterically coated tablets within 30 min at pH 6.8. The designed GEDD system was shown to increase the insulin transport by approximately 7 times in comparison with the free insulin across sheep's intestine ex-vivo. Three different peroral formulations were administered to male rabbits: F1 containing no TMC or PEO, F2 containing PEO but no TMC and F3 containing both PEO and TMC. The administrations of insulin using the formulation F1 resulted in a low FR value of 0.2%+/-0.1%, while the formulations F2 and F3 resulted in a much higher FR values of 0.6+/-0.2% and 1.1%+/-0.4%, respectively. Hence, the insulin permeation achieved by the GEDD system is primarily due to the enhancing effect of TMC and the mucoadhesive properties of PEO both of which synergistically increase the bioavailability of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M M Sadeghi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Bazargan M, Faghihi M, Chitsaz M. Importance of timing of magnesium administration in the isolated ischemic-reperfused rat heart: role of K(ATP) channels. Physiol Res 2007; 57:839-846. [PMID: 18052684 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest for the beneficial effect of magnesium (Mg) in cardiovascular disorders. A number of cardiovascular disorders including myocardial infarction, arrhythmias and congestive heart failure have been associated with low extra- cellular or intracellular concentrations of Mg. The efficiency of the preconditioning effect of Mg on cardiac function and infarct size in the globally ischemic-reperfused isolated rat heart was studied together with the role of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels in protection induced by Mg. Rat hearts were Langendorff perfused, subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 90 min of reperfusion, including treatment groups which focused on different times of Mg (8 mmol/l) use. Infarct size was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) method. The left ventricular function was assessed by left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow (CF). The administration of Mg before ischemia had an anti-infarct effect in rat hearts and improved cardiac function. The protective effects of magnesium was abolished by the blocking of K(ATP) channels and suggests that K-ATP channel has an important role in the heart protection effect of Mg as a preconditioning agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bazargan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ebrahimi S, Faghihi M, Keshavarz M, Kadkhodaee M, Mirershadi F, Asadi B. Anti-infarct effect of magnesium is not mediated by adenosine A1 receptors in rat globally ischaemic isolated hearts. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2005; 31:868-72. [PMID: 15659051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of magnesium (Mg) on cardiac function and infarct size and to compare it effects with those of adenosine. The mechanism of Mg-mediated cardioprotection was explored by combined use of Mg and a selective adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist. 2. Rat isolated hearts were used for Langendorff perfusion. Hearts were either non-preconditioned or preconditioned with Mg (6 mmol/L) or adenosine (1 mmol/L) before 30 min sustained ischaemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. Within each of these protocols, hearts were divided into two groups; one group was exposed to the A(1) receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX; 200 nmol/L). Infarct size was measured by the triphenyltetrazolium chloride method. Left ventricular function was assessed by left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), the product of heart rate x LVDP and coronary flow (CF). 3. The administration of Mg had an anti-infarct effect independent of its effect on postischaemic functional recovery in rats. Both Mg and adenosine equipotently reduced infarct size, but this effect of Mg was not blocked by the simultaneous administration of DPCPX. Cardiac function was improved by both adenosine and Mg and blockade of adenosine A(1) receptors attenuated these effects for both agents. 4. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that stimulation of adenosine A(1) receptors is not responsible for the anti-infarct effect of Mg in ischaemic myocardium in rats, but that the Mg-mediated protection of postischaemic functional recovery in rats is mediated by these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ebrahimi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Two new cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis with a rapid fatal course, particularly the patient in Case 2, are presented. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a rare condition of unknown cause presenting with extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to a chronic inflammatory obliterative process with the absence of stones, cancer, or previous biliary surgery. This condition is often associated with ulcerative colitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and Riedel's thyroiditis. Surgical treatment for promoting bile drainage and long-term corticosteroid therapy are effective palliative measures.
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Hoveida M, Faghihi M, Golshan M, Tahririan J, Shafagh F. Fibrosarcoma of the maxillary sinus, report of a new case. Pahlavi Med J 1977; 8:470-6. [PMID: 927878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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