Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, anti-proliferative activities of novel adamantane-containing thiazole compounds

A series of (Z)-N-(adamantan-1-yl)-3,4-diarylthiazol-2(3H)-imines (5a-r) was synthesized via condensation of 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-3-arylthioureas (3a-c) with various aryl bromomethyl ketones (4a-f). The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and by X-ray crystallography. The in vitro inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were assessed against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and pathogenic fungi. Compounds 5c, 5g, 5l, 5m, and 5q displayed potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, while compounds 5a and 5o showed activity against the tested Gram-positive bacteria. Compounds 5b, 5l and 5q displayed potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In addition, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-proliferative activity towards five human tumor cell lines. The optimal anti-proliferative activity was attained by compounds 5e and 5k which showed potent inhibitory activity against all the tested cell lines. Molecular docking analysis reveals that compounds 5e and 5k can occupy the positions of NAD cofactor and the histone deacetylase inhibitor EX527 at the active site of SIRT1 enzyme.

A New Zn(II) Metal Hybrid Material of 5-Nitrobenzimidazolium Organic Cation (C7H6N3O2)2[ZnCl4]: Elaboration, Structure, Hirshfeld Surface, Spectroscopic, Molecular Docking Analysis, Electric and Dielectric Properties

The slow solvent evaporation approach was used to create a single crystal of (C₇H₆N₃O₂)₂[ZnCl₄] at room temperature. Our compound has been investigated by single-crystal XRD which declares that the complex crystallizes in the monoclinic crystallographic system with the P2₁/c as a space group. The molecular arrangement of the compound can be described by slightly distorted tetrahedral ZnCl₄^2- anionic entities and 5-nitrobenzimidazolium as cations, linked together by different non-covalent interaction types (H-bonds, Cl…Cl, π…π and C-H…π). Hirshfeld's surface study allows us to identify that the dominant contacts in the crystal building are H…Cl/Cl…H contacts (37.3%). FT-IR method was used to identify the different groups in (C₇H₆N₃O₂)₂[ZnCl₄]. Furthermore, impedance spectroscopy analysis in 393 ≤ T ≤ 438 K shows that the temperature dependence of DC conductivity follows Arrhenius' law. The frequency-temperature dependence of AC conductivity for the studied sample shows one region (E_a = 2.75 eV). In order to determine modes of interactions of compound with double stranded DNA, molecular docking simulations were performed at molecular level.

Crystal structure of 3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-methyl-5-{[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}-4H-1,2,4-triazole, C20H24N4O2S

C20H24N4O2S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 28.5901(10) Å, b = 6.4383(4) Å, c = 20.060(1) Å, β = 99.682(4)°, V = 3639.9(3) Å3, Z = 8, R gt (F) = 0.0557, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1514, T = 150 K.

Crystal-structure studies of 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-ethoxybenzoate monohydrate, 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methoxybenzoate monohydrate, 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate and 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium trifluoroacetate 0.12-hydrate

In this study, four new piperazinium salts, namely, 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-ethoxybenzoate monohydrate, C9H9O3·C10H15N2·H2O (I); 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methoxybenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2·C8H7O3·H2O (II); 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2·C8H7O2·H2O (III); and 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium trifluoroacetate 0.12 hydrate, C10H15N2·C2F3O2·0.12H2O (IV), have been synthesized. The single-crystal structures of these compounds reveal that all of them crystallize in the triclinic P\overline{1} space group and the crystal packing of (I)–(III) is built up of ribbons formed by a combination of hydrogen bonds of type N—H...O, O—H...O and other weak interactions of type C—H...O and C—H...π, leading to a three-dimensional network. In the crystal of (IV), the cations and the anions are connected by C—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...F hydrogen bonds and by C—H...π interactions, forming sheets which in turn interact to maintain the crystal structure by linking through the oxygen atoms of water molecules and van der Waals interactions, giving the whole structure.

Crystal structures of six 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium salts

Six piperazinium salts are reported, five of them are hydrated and two crystallized as 2:2 salts. They exhibit asymmetric units of a common 4-nitro­phenyl­piperazine cation and different p-substituent benzoate anions. Their crystal structures mainly pack as chains stabilized by strong N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and other weak inter­actions such as C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π.

Six piperazinium salts, namely 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­piperazin-1-ium 4-bromo­ben­zo­ate dihydrate, C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·C₇H₄BrO₂⁻·2H₂O, (I), 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­pi­per­a­zin-1-ium 4-iodo­benzoate dihydrate, C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·C₇H₄IO₂⁻·2H₂O, (II), 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­piperazin-1-ium 4-hy­droxy­benzoate monohydrate, C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·C₇H₅O₃⁻·H₂O, (III), 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­piperazin-1-ium 4-methyl­benzoate monohydrate, C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·C₈H₇O₂⁻·H₂O, (IV), 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­piperazin-1-ium 4-meth­oxy­benzoate hemihydrate, 2C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·2C₈H₇O₃⁻·H₂O, (V), and 4-(4-nitro­phenyl)­piperazin-1-ium 4-eth­oxy­benzoate, 2C₁₀H₁₄N₃O₂⁺·2C₉H₉O₃⁻, (VI), have been synthesized and their crystal structures solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing that all of them crystallize in the triclinic space group P except for (V), which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c and has a disordered nitro group. Compounds (I) and (II) are isostructural. The crystal packing of (I)–(V) is constructed from organic chains formed by a combination of hydrogen bonds of type N—H⋯O and/or O—H⋯O and other weak inter­actions of type C—H⋯O and/or C—H⋯π, forming sheets, whereas (VI) shows a cationic and anionic-based layer structure.

Crystal structure studies of 4-ethyl-piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di-nitro-benzoate, 4-methyl-piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di-nitro-benzoate and 4-methyl-piperazin-1-ium 4-iodo-benzoate

As part of our ongoing investigation on the chemical and biological properties of piperazinium salts, we synthesized three novel compounds: 1-ethyl-piperazinium 3,5-di-nitro-benzoate (I), 1-methyl-piperazinium 3,5-di-nitro-benzoate (II) and 1-methyl-piperazinium 4-iodo-benzoate (III). The crystal structures of these compounds are built up of organic layers formed by the strong connection between the mol-ecules by hydrogen bonds of type N-H⋯O. These layers are linked through N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O inter-actions or C-I⋯N halogen bonding, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network.

Supramolecular Self-Assembly Built by Weak Hydrogen, Chalcogen, and Unorthodox Nonbonded Motifs in 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(4-fluorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole, a Selective COX-2 Inhibitor: Insights from X-ray and Theoretical Studies

A selective triazole-based COX-2 inhibitor, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(4-fluorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole, C₁₉H₁₃ClFN₃S₂, has been synthesized, and its crystal structure was determined at 150 K. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the thiophene ring was disordered over two orientations. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak hydrogen and chalcogen bonds and unorthodox F···π and S···C(π) contacts. These noncovalent interactions cooperatively generate the supramolecular self-assembly in the crystalline state. The Hirshfeld surface and its associated two-dimensional (2D)-fingerprint plots were obtained to analyze the role of different noncovalent interactions in the crystal packing. Further, the enrichment ratio was obtained from different atom···atom pairs to calculate the propensity of these pairs to form noncovalent interactions. The strength of different dimeric motifs formed in the crystal structure and lattice energies was calculated by the PIXEL method. Furthermore, the topological analysis of the charge density of intermolecular interactions was described. A CSD survey of C–H···F hydrogen bond, C–S···Cl chalcogen bond, and unorthodox nonbonded contacts (F···π and S···C(π)) is presented. The title compound possesses selective inhibitory activity against human COX-2 enzyme rather than COX-1. The quantum mechanics (QM) polarized ligand docking analysis was used to predict the binding pose and study the title compound’s selectivity against COX-1/2 enzymes.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermal properties of poly[aqua-(μ5-2,5-di-carb-oxy-benzene-1,4-di-carboxyl-ato)strontium]

In the title polymer, the eightfold-coordinated Sr^II atoms are linked by bridging (H₂BTEC)^2– anions to generate a two-dimensional network Thermal analysis (TG–SDTA–MS) has been undertaken.

A coordination polymer formulated as [Sr(H₂BTEC)(H₂O)]_n (H₄BTEC = benzene-1,2,4,5-tetra­carb­oxy­lic acid, C₁₀H₆O₈), was synthesized hydro­thermally and characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis. Its crystal structure is made up of a zigzag inorganic chain formed by edge-sharing of [SrO₈] polyhedra running along [001]. Adjacent chains are connected to each other via the carboxyl­ate groups of the ligand, resulting in a double-layered network extending parallel to (100). O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds of medium-to-weak strength between the layers consolidate the three-dimensional structure. One of the carb­oxy­lic OH functions was found to be disordered over two sets of sites with half-occupancy.

Impact of Co2+ Substitution on Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of CoxZn1-xFe2O4 Nanoparticles

In the present work, we synthesized Co_xZn_1-xFe₂O₄ spinel ferrite nanoparticles (x= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) via the precipitation and hydrothermal-joint method. Structural parameters were cross-verified using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and electron microscopy-based techniques. The magnetic parameters were determined by means of vibrating sample magnetometry. The as-synthesized Co_xZn_1-xFe₂O₄ nanoparticles exhibit high phase purity with a single-phase cubic spinel-type structure of Zn-ferrite. The microstructural parameters of the samples were estimated by XRD line profile analysis using the Williamson–Hall approach. The calculated grain sizes from XRPD analysis for the synthesized samples ranged from 8.3 to 11.4 nm. The electron microscopy analysis revealed that the constituents of all powder samples are spherical nanoparticles with proportions highly dependent on the Co doping ratio. The Co_xZn_1-xFe₂O₄ spinel ferrite system exhibits paramagnetic, superparamagnetic and weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature depending on the Co²⁺ doping ratio, while ferromagnetic ordering with a clear hysteresis loop is observed at low temperatures (5K). We concluded that replacing Zn²⁺ ions with Co²⁺ ions changes both the structural and magnetic properties of ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles.

Syntheses and crystal structures of two adamantyl-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione N-Mannich bases

In the title N-Mannich bases, 3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-1-[(4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)meth-yl]-4,5-di-hydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione (C29H34FN5S) (I), and 3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-1-{[4-(2-meth-oxyphen-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-meth-yl}-4,5-di-hydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione (C30H36FN5OS) (II), fluoro-phenyl, adamantane and piperazine moieties are linked to a planar triazole ring. There is an additional phenyl ring on the piperazine ring in (I) and a meth-oxy-phenyl ring in (II). In compound (I), the fluoro-phenyl and phenyl rings are inclined to the triazole ring by 86.55 (13) and 60.52 (12)°, respectively, and the two aryl rings are inclined to one another by 66.37 (13)°. In compound (II), the corresponding dihedral angles are 83.35 (13), 71.38 (15) and 11.97 (16)°, respectively. The crystal structure of (I) shows pairs of C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds forming inversion dimers, while in the crystal of compound (II), in addition to the C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds that generate chains parallel to the b axis, there are C-H⋯π inter-actions present that link the chains to form layers parallel to the ab plane.

Crystal structure of 6-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-[1,2,4]-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C15H9FN4S

C15H9FN4S, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 18.9361(2) Å, b = 11.5248(1) Å, c = 6.0142(1) Å, V = 1312.52(3) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0263, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.0706, T = 100 K.

Crystal structure of 2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-4-(2-methylpropyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, C16H16FN3OS

C16H16FN3OS, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 5.6885(3) Å, b = 9.4378(4) Å, c = 15.0736(7) Å, α = 84.037(4)°, β = 81.442(4)°, γ = 74.271(4)°, V = 768.56(7) Å3, Z = 2, R gt (F) = 0.0518, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.1430, T = 100 K.

Crystal structure of 3-{[4-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)piperazin-1-yl]meth-yl}-5-(thio-phen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxa-diazole-2(3H)-thione

The title compound, C18H20N4O2S2, is a new 1,3,4-oxa-diazole and a key pharmacophore of several biologically active agents. It is composed of a meth-yl(thio-phen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxa-diazole-2(3H)-thione moiety linked to a 2-meth-oxy-phenyl unit via a piperazine ring that has a chair conformation. The thio-phene ring mean plane lies almost in the plane of the oxa-diazole ring, with a dihedral angle of 4.35 (9)°. The 2-meth-oxy-phenyl ring is almost normal to the oxa-diazole ring, with a dihedral angle of 84.17 (10)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming layers parallel to the bc plane. The layers are linked via weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and slipped parallel π-π inter-actions [inter-centroid distance = 3.6729 (10) Å], forming a three-dimensional structure. The thio-phene ring has an approximate 180° rotational disorder about the bridging C-C bond.

Crystal structures of 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 6-chloro-5-ethyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-ide and 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium 6-chloro-5-isopropyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-ide

The title mol-ecular salts, C10H15N2 (+)·C6H6ClN2O2 (-), (I), and C10H15N2 (+)·C7H8ClN2O2 (-), (II), consist of 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-ium cations with a 6-chloro-5-ethyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-ide anion in (I) and a 6-chloro-5-isopropyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-ide anion in (II). Salt (I) crystallizes with two independent cations and anions in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal structures of both salts, the ions are linked via N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming sheets which are parallel to (100) in (I) and to (001) in (II). In (I), the sheets are linked via C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework.

Crystal structure of (E)-1-{[(3,5-di-methyl-phen-yl)imino]-meth-yl}naphthalen-2-ol

The title compound, C₁₉H₁₇NO, has an E conformation about the N=C bond. The mol­ecule is relatively planar, with the benzene ring and naphthalene ring plane being inclined to one another by 4.28 (10)°. There is an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond generating an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along [100]. Within the chains there are π–π inter­actions involving the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring system of an adjacent mol­ecule [inter-centroid distance = 3.6405 (14) Å].

Synthesis and Structure of novel Luminescent lanthanide organic frameworks

Lanthanide-Organic frameworks (LnOFs) are currently attracting increasing attention due to their excellent luminescence properties, in which both Ln3+ and organic linkers can be used to give rise to luminescence materials with increased brightness and emission quantum yield [1,2]. Lithium doped MOFs are of particular interest due to the recent studies showing enhanced H2 uptake, as well as promising candidates for replacing the conventional electrode in Li-ion batteries [3,4]. Herein, novel Lithium-lanthanide frameworks based on a rigid dicarboxylic acid, formulated as [LiLn(BDC)2(H2O)·2(H2O)] (Ln = Y, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Y1-xEux, Y1-xTbx and H2BDC = Terephthalic acid), have been obtained as single phases under hydrothermal conditions. The crystal structures were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the bulk characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermal analyses (TG-MS and DSC), vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM-EDX, TEM, SAED, STEM-EDX), and powder X-ray thermodiffractometry (HT-XRD). All compounds are isostructural (monoclinic P21/c, a = 11.6365(7) Å, b =16.0920(2) Å, c = 13.2243(8) Å and β = 132.23(1)° for Ln = Y [5]) and possess a 3D framework with 1D trigonal channels running along the [101] direction contain water molecules. The structure is built up of unusual four-membered rings formed by edge- and vertex-shared {LnO8} and {LiO4} polyhedra. The four-membered rings are isolated and connected to each other via carboxylate groups. Topologically, the 3D frameworks belongs to a new 2-nodal 3,10-c net with point symbol of {4.5^2}2{4^14.5^10.6^18.7.8^2}. HT-XRD reveals that the compounds undergo phase transformation upon dehydration process which is a reversible process involving a spontaneous rehydration characterized by fast kinetic. The luminescence properties of selected compounds are also studied.