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Friedlander AM, Ballesteros E, Adler AM, Goodell W, Jenkinson R, Knopp JA, Thompson CDH, Timmers M, Walsh CAJ, Sala E. Shallow subtidal marine benthic communities of Nachvak Fjord, Nunatsiavut, Labrador: A glimpse into species composition and drivers of their distribution. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293702. [PMID: 37943756 PMCID: PMC10635441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine fjords along the northern Labrador coast of Arctic Canada are influenced by freshwater, nutrients, and sediment inputs from ice fields and rivers. These ecosystems, further shaped by both Atlantic and Arctic water masses, are important habitats for fishes, marine mammals, seabirds, and marine invertebrates and are vital to the Labrador Inuit who have long depended on these areas for sustenance. Despite their ecological and socio-cultural importance, these marine ecosystems remain largely understudied. Here we conducted the first quantitative underwater scuba surveys, down to 12 m, of the nearshore marine ecology of Nachvak Fjord, which is surrounded by Torngat Mountains National Park located in Nunatsiavut, the Indigenous lands claim region of northeastern Canada. Our goal was to provide the Nunatsiavut Government with a baseline of the composition and environmental influences on the subtidal community in this isolated region as they work towards the creation of an Indigenous-led National Marine Conservation Area that includes Nachvak Fjord. We identified four major benthic habitat types: (1) boulders (2) rocks with sediment, (3) sediment with rocks, and (4) unconsolidated sediments, including sand, gravel, and cobble. Biogenic cover (e.g., kelp, coralline algae, and sediment) explained much of the variability in megabenthic invertebrate community structure. The kelp species Alaria esculenta, Saccharina latissima, and Laminaria solidungula dominated the boulder habitat outside of the fjord covering 35%, 13%, and 11% of the sea floor, respectively. In contrast, the middle and inner portions of the fjord were devoid of kelp and dominated by encrusting coralline algae. More diverse megabenthic invertebrate assemblages were detected within the fjord compared to the periphery. Fish assemblages were depauperate overall with the shorthorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius, and the Greenland cod, Gadus ogac, dominating total fish biomass contributing 64% and 30%, respectively. Understanding the composition and environmental influences within this fjord ecosystem not only contributes towards the protection of this ecological and culturally important region but serves as a baseline in a rapidly changing climatic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. Friedlander
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Hawaiʿi Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaiʿi, Kāneʻohe, Hawaiʿi, United States of America
| | | | - Alyssa M. Adler
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Whitney Goodell
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Ryan Jenkinson
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Hawaiʿi Division of Aquatic Resources, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu, Hawaiʿi, United States of America
| | - Jennie A. Knopp
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Oceans North, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Christopher D. H. Thompson
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Marine Futures Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, West Australia, Australia
| | - Molly Timmers
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Hawaiʿi Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaiʿi, Kāneʻohe, Hawaiʿi, United States of America
| | - Cameron A. J. Walsh
- Hawaiʿi Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaiʿi, Kāneʻohe, Hawaiʿi, United States of America
| | - Enric Sala
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Reid BN, Servis JA, Timmers M, Rohwer F, Naro-Maciel E. 18S rDNA amplicon sequence data (V1–V3) of the Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, Central Pacific. MBMG 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/mbmg.6.78762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the global biodiversity crisis, standardized data that are rapidly obtainable through minimally invasive means are needed for documenting change and informing conservation within threatened and diverse systems, such as coral reefs. In this data paper, we describe 18S rRNA gene amplicon data (V1–V3 region) generated from samples collected to begin characterizing coral reef eukaryotic community composition at the Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in the Central Pacific Ocean. Sixteen samples were obtained across four sample types: sediments from two sieved fractions (100–500 μm, n = 3; 500 μm-2 mm, n = 3) and sessile material scrapings (n = 3) from Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) sampled in 2015, as well as seawater from 2012 (n = 7). After filtering and contaminant removal, 3,861 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were produced from 1,062,238 reads. The rarefaction curves demonstrated adequate sampling depth, and communities grouped by sample type. The dominant orders across samples were polychaete worms (Eunicida), demosponges (Poecilosclerida), and bryozoans (Cheilostomatida). The ten most common orders in terms of relative abundance comprised ~60% of all sequences and 23% of ASVs, and included reef-building crustose coralline algae (CCA; Corallinophycidae) and stony corals (Scleractinia), two taxa associated with healthy reefs. Highlighting the need for further study, ~21% of the ASVs were identified as uncultured, incertae sedis, or not assigned to phylum or order. This data paper presents the first 18S rDNA survey at Palmyra Atoll and serves as a baseline for biodiversity assessment, monitoring, and conservation of this remote and pristine ecosystem.
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Chaturvedi M, Yilmaz R, Gschwandtner U, Greulich K, Reimold M, Fuhr P, Roth V, Timmers M, Streffer J, Berg D, Liepelt-Scarfone I. FV 4 Electroencephalographic Activity as a potential prodromal marker for Parkinson’s disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.04.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Liepelt-Scarfone I, Brändle B, Yilmaz R, Gauss K, Schaeffer E, Timmers M, Wurster I, Brockmann K, Maetzler W, Van Nueten L, Streffer JR, Berg D. Progression of prodromal motor and non-motor symptoms in the premotor phase study - 2-year follow-up data. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:1369-1374. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Liepelt-Scarfone
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen Germany
| | - B. Brändle
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen Germany
| | - R. Yilmaz
- Department of Neurology; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - K. Gauss
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen Germany
| | - E. Schaeffer
- Department of Neurology; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - M. Timmers
- Janssen Research and Development; a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.; Beerse Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM); Institute Born-Bunge; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - I. Wurster
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen Germany
| | - K. Brockmann
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen Germany
| | - W. Maetzler
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- Department of Neurology; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - L. Van Nueten
- Janssen Research and Development; a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.; Beerse Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM); Institute Born-Bunge; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - J. R. Streffer
- Janssen Research and Development; a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.; Beerse Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM); Institute Born-Bunge; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - D. Berg
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; Department of Neurodegeneration; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
- Department of Neurology; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
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Ransome E, Geller JB, Timmers M, Leray M, Mahardini A, Sembiring A, Collins AG, Meyer CP. The importance of standardization for biodiversity comparisons: A case study using autonomous reef monitoring structures (ARMS) and metabarcoding to measure cryptic diversity on Mo'orea coral reefs, French Polynesia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175066. [PMID: 28430780 PMCID: PMC5400227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancement of metabarcoding techniques, declining costs of high-throughput sequencing and development of systematic sampling devices, such as autonomous reef monitoring structures (ARMS), have provided the means to gather a vast amount of diversity data from cryptic marine communities. However, such increased capability could also lead to analytical challenges if the methods used to examine these communities across local and global scales are not standardized. Here we compare and assess the underlying biases of four ARMS field processing methods, preservation media, and current bioinformatic pipelines in evaluating diversity from cytochrome c oxidase I metabarcoding data. Illustrating the ability of ARMS-based metabarcoding to capture a wide spectrum of biodiversity, 3,372 OTUs and twenty-eight phyla, including 17 of 33 marine metazoan phyla, were detected from 3 ARMS (2.607 m2 area) collected on coral reefs in Mo’orea, French Polynesia. Significant differences were found between processing and preservation methods, demonstrating the need to standardize methods for biodiversity comparisons. We recommend the use of a standardized protocol (NOAA method) combined with DMSO preservation of tissues for sessile macroorganisms because it gave a more accurate representation of the underlying communities, is cost effective and removes chemical restrictions associated with sample transportation. We found that sequences identified at ≥ 97% similarity increased more than 7-fold (5.1% to 38.6%) using a geographically local barcode inventory, highlighting the importance of local species inventories. Phylogenetic approaches that assign higher taxonomic ranks accrued phylum identification errors (9.7%) due to sparse taxonomic coverage of the understudied cryptic coral reef community in public databases. However, a ≥ 85% sequence identity cut-off provided more accurate results (0.7% errors) and enabled phylum level identifications of 86.3% of the sequence reads. With over 1600 ARMS deployed, standardizing methods and improving databases are imperative to provide unprecedented global baseline assessments of understudied cryptic marine species in a rapidly changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ransome
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jonathan B. Geller
- Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| | - Molly Timmers
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- Ecosystem Sciences Division Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Matthieu Leray
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, Republica de Panama
| | - Angka Mahardini
- Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Andrianus Sembiring
- Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Allen G. Collins
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, United States of America
- National Systematics Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Christopher P. Meyer
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, United States of America
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Heenan A, Gorospe K, Williams I, Levine A, Maurin P, Nadon M, Oliver T, Rooney J, Timmers M, Wongbusarakum S, Brainard R. Ecosystem monitoring for ecosystem-based management: using a polycentric approach to balance information trade-offs. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel Heenan
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Kelvin Gorospe
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Ivor Williams
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Arielle Levine
- Department of Geography; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182 USA
- NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (The Baldwin Group Inc.); Silver Spring MD 20910 USA
| | - Paulo Maurin
- NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (The Baldwin Group Inc.); Silver Spring MD 20910 USA
| | - Marc Nadon
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Thomas Oliver
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - John Rooney
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Molly Timmers
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Supin Wongbusarakum
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research; University of Hawai'i; Mānoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
| | - Russell Brainard
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; Honolulu HI 96818 USA
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Cornelis C, De Picker L, Hulstijn W, Dumont G, Timmers M, Janssens L, Sabbe B, Morrens M. Preserved SDST Learning in Schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30206-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Quisenaerts C, Morrens M, Hulstijn W, de Bruijn E, Timmers M, Streffer J, De la Asuncion J, Dumont G, Sabbe B. The nicotinergic receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia: barking up the wrong tree? Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:543-50. [PMID: 24022237 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cognitive symptoms have increasingly been recognized as an important target in the development of future treatment strategies in schizophrenia. The nicotinergic neurotransmission system has been suggested as a potentially interesting treatment target for these cognitive deficits. However, previous research yielded conflicting results, which may be explained by several methodological limitations, such as the failure to include both a group of smoking and non-smoking schizophrenic patients, the use of only a single nicotine dose, and the inclusion of a very limited cognitive battery. OBJECTIVES The present study aims at investigating the cognitive effects of nicotine in schizophrenia while addressing these methodological issues. METHODS In a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized crossover design, cognitive effects are assessed in smoking (n =16) and non-smoking (n =16) schizophrenic patients after receiving active (1 or 2 mg) or placebo oromucosal nicotine spray. RESULTS A modest improving effect of nicotine on attention in the smoking but not the non-smoking group was found. No enhancing effects were found on measures of visual memory, working memory, processing speed, psychomotor speed, or social cognitive functioning in either patient group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nicotinic receptor only has limited value as a cognitive treatment target in schizophrenia.
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Roberts K, Papadaki A, McRobbie D, Meert T, Timmers M, Anand P. P56 A novel topical capsaicin model of “neuropathic pain” in human volunteers using cerebral evoked potentials and fMRI. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(10)70071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ragé M, Acker N, Timmers M, Meert T, Plaghki L. 424 FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY PRECEDES STRUCTURAL RECOVERY IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF REVERSIBLE SMALL‐FIBER NEUROPATHY USING LASER‐EVOKED POTENTIALS AND SKIN BIOPSY. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)60427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ragé
- Unité READ, Faculté de Médecine, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - M. Timmers
- Johnson & Johnson, Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - T. Meert
- Johnson & Johnson, Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - L. Plaghki
- Unité READ, Faculté de Médecine, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Vergauwen L, Benoot D, Timmers M, Knapen D, Blust R. A systems biology approach to the effects of chemical and non-chemical stressors in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Investigating rare cellular events is facilitated by studying thick sections with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Localization of cells in tissue sections can be done by immunolabelling or by fluorescent labelling of cells prior to intravenous administration. Immunolabelling is technically complicated because of the preservation of antigens during fixation and the problems associated with the penetration of the antibodies. In this study, an alternative and simple approach for the labelling of cells in vitro with the fluorescent probe DiO and its subsequent application in vivo will be outlined. The method was applied to trace DiO-labelled colon carcinoma cells (CC531s) in 100 microm thick liver sections. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that DiO-labelling of CC531s cells had no cytotoxic or antiproliferative effect and the cells preserved their susceptibility towards hepatic NK cells or Kupffer cells. In addition, DiO remained stable for at least 72 h in the living cell. DiO-labelled CC531s cells could be traced all over the tissue depth and anti-metastatic events such as phagocytosis of tumour cells by Kupffer cells could be easily observed. In situ staining with propidium iodide (nucleic acids) or rhodamine-phalloidin (filamentous actin) resulted in additional tissue information. The data presented improved the understanding of the possible effects of the vital fluorescent probe DiO on cell function and provided a limit of confidence for CLSM imaging of DiO-labelled cells in tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Timmers
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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Offringa R, Gebel S, van Dam H, Timmers M, Smits A, Zwart R, Stein B, Bos JL, van der Eb A, Herrlich P. A novel function of the transforming domain of E1a: repression of AP-1 activity. Cell 1990; 62:527-38. [PMID: 2165866 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus E1a represses transcription of the collagenase gene via the phorbol ester-responsive element (collTRE). The mechanism involves inhibition of the trans-activating function of the transcription factor AP-1 without reduction of its synthesis and without any apparent change in DNA binding or composition. The ability of E1a to downmodulate AP-1 is a unique property among dominant oncogenes. This repression depends on conserved region 1, one of the transforming domains of E1a, indicating that it is an integral feature of adenovirus transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Offringa
- Sylvius Laboratories, Laboratory for Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Leiden, The Netherlands
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